Xncp-h-\-´-]p-cs¯ Hcp sIm¨p-ho-«n-en-cp-¶p-sImv Rm³ Fsâ P·-Zn\w sImm-Sp-I-bm-Wv. Cs¶sâ P·-Zn-\-am-sW¶v Rm\-ÃmsX A[n-I-amcpw Adn-bp-I-bn-Ã. Rm³ ]n¶n« Ime-L-«-§-sf-¡p-dn¨v HmÀ¯p-t\m-¡p-I-bm-bn-cp-¶p. A¼-s¯m-¼Xp sImÃ-§Ä Rm³ Pohn-¨p-I-gn-ªp-sh-¶tà Fsâ P·-Zn\w HmÀ½-s¸-Sp-¯p-¶Xv? 1913 sabvamkw 14-þ\mWv Rm³ P\n-¨-sX¶p A½bpw aäpw ]d-bp-¶Xv Rm³ tI«n-«p-v. AXn-¶p-tijw C¶p-hsc temI-¯n Fs´Ãmw kw`-hn-¨n-cn-¡p¶p? Fs¶ kw_Ônt¨S-t¯mfw Gähpw {][m-\-amb kw`hw C´y-bpsS kzmX-{´y-k-¼m-Z-\-am-Wv. AXp-h-sc-bpÅ Fsâ Pohn-X-¯nsâ {][m-\-`mKw C´y-bpsS kzmX-{´y-k-¼m-Z-¯n-\p-th-n-bmWv Rm³ hn\n-tbm-Kn-¨n-«p-Å-Xv. C´y¡p kzmX{´yw e`n-¨n«v 25 sImÃw Ign-bm³ t]mhp-I-bm-Wv. ASp¯ BK-Ìp-am-k-¯n C´y³ kzmX-{´y-e-_v[n-bpsS cP-X-Pq-_nen BtLm-j-§Ä \S¡pw. AXp kw_-Ôn¨v \mSp-\osf Ipsd BtLm-j-§Ä DmIpw. AXn-sem¶pw F\n¡p ]¦p ImWp-I-bn-Ã. ]s¦-Sp-¡p-hm³ F\n¡p Ct¸mÄ XmÂ]-cy-hp-an-Ã. kzmX-{´y-k-a-c-¯n ]s¦-Sp-¡p-t¼mgpw AXn-\p-thn {]hÀ¯n-¡p-t¼mgpw F\n-¡p-m-bn-cp¶ DÕm-ltam Bth-itam C¶n-Ã. Fsâ t\Xm-¡-·mcpw kl-{]-hÀ¯-I-·m-cp-amWv C¶p cmPyw `cn-¡p-¶-Xv. A¶p Fsâ Iym¼n-ep-m-bn-cp¶ Nnecpw A¡q-«-¯n-epv. AhÀ¡mWp IqSp-X Bth-i-ap-ÅXv. Ipsd ]Z-hn-I-fn-seÃmw Rm\pw Ccp-¶n-«p-v. Ah-bn NneXp ssIh-i-am-¡p-¶-Xn Fsâ ]gb cmjv{So-b-{]-hÀ¯-\-§Ä ]¦p-h-ln-¨n-«n-söp ]d-ªp-IqSm Ipd-¨p-Imew ]Z-hn-bn-encp¶p. ]ns¶ AXp \jvS-s¸-«p. hopw asämcp ]pXnb ]Z-hn-bn-epw XpSÀ¶p. AXpw \jvS-s¸-«p. A§ns\ Imew Ign¡phm³ XpS-§n-bn«pw Ipd¨p \mfm-bn. F\n¡p ]cn-N-b-ap-m-bn-cp¶ {ioaXn Cµn-cm-KmÔn C´y-bpsS {][m-\-a-{´n-bm-bn. AhÀ¡p ap¼p {][m-\-a-{´n-bm-bn-cp¶ {io. emÂ_-l-ZqÀim-kv{Xn, At±-l-¯nsâ kvt\ln-X-·m-cn Hcm-fmbn Fs¶ In-cp-¶p. kzX{´ C´y-bnse BZys¯ {][m-\-a-{´n-bm-bn-cp¶ ]Þnäv P-h-lÀem s\lvdp-hn\p Fs¶ \Ã-t]mse Adn-bm-am-bn-cp-¶p. At±lw Fsâ \ntbmP-I-a-Þ-ehpw P·-Ø-e-hp-amb Xe-tÈcn kµÀin-¨-t¸mÄ BXnYyw kzoI-cn-¨n-«p-v. At±-l-¯nsâ {]kw-K-§Ä Rm³ ]cn-`m-j-s¸-Sp-¯n-bn-«p-v. kzX-{´-C-´y-bpsS H¶mas¯ ]mÀesaân Rm³ AwK-am-bncp¶n-«p-v. C´ym-K-hÀsa-ânsâ ]«n-
I-Pm-Xn-hÀ¤ Akn-Ìâv I½o-j-W-cmbn Rm³ tPmen t\m¡n-bn-«pv. C´ym-K-hÀsaânsâ B`y-´-c-Im-cy-h-Ip-¸n ]«n-I-PmXnhÀ¤-I-½o-j-W-cpsS Iogn kvs]j Hm^o-k-dmbn C´y-bn-ep-S-\ofw k©-cn-¨n-«p-v. ]«n-I-hÀ¤-¡mÀ¡p-thn K-hÀs½âv \S-¯p¶ hnI-k-\-t»m-¡p-I-fnse {]hÀ¯-\-§-sfbpw, \mtSm-Sn-hÀ¤-¡mÀ¡p thnbpw, hnap-à-Pm-Xn-¡mÀ¡p-th-n-bpw, t»m¡p-IÄ¡p ]pd¯p AhÀ \S-¯p¶ aäp {]hÀ¯-\-§-sfbpw hnebn-cp-¯p-Ibpw sNbvXn-«p-v. hopw aq¶p-sImÃw hc-shm-¶p-an-ÃmsX Ign-ªp-Iq-So-«p-v. 1967  Cu.-Fw.FÊnsâ t\Xr-Xz-¯n-epÅ a{´n-k` "s\-«qÀ I½o-j³' F¶dn-b-s¸-«n-cp¶ ]nt¶m¡ kap-Zmb kwh-cW I½o-j³ sNbÀam-\mbn Fs¶ \nb-an-¨p. B I½o-j-\nse BZy-Im-e sa-¼Àam-cn-sem-cm-fm-bn-cp¶ {io. kn. A¨yp-X-ta-t\m-\mWv C¶p tIc-f-¯nse apJy-a-{´n. At±-l-¯n-\mWv C¶s¯ KhÀs½-ânsâ Xe-h-s\¶ \ne-bn I½o-jsâ dnt¸mÀ«p cp sImÃ-§Ä¡p-ap¼p R§Ä kaÀ¸n-¨-Xv. AXn-\p-tijw C¶p-h-scbpw ]d-b-¯¡ HutZym-KnI tPmen-I-fn-Ãm-sX-bpw, hcp-am-\-amÀ¤-§Ä Ip-]n-Sn-¡m-s\m-¡m-sXbpw Rm³ Ign-ªp-Iq-Sp-Ibm-Wv. AXn-\n-S-bn-em-Wv-Fsâ P·-Zn\w IS-¶p-h-cp-¶-Xv. HmÀ¡p-hm-s\m-¶p-an-sÃ-¦nepw 59 sImÃw Rm³ ]n¶n-«p-sh-¶pÅ bmYmÀ°yw AsXs¶ HmÀ½-s¸-Sp-¯p-¶p. B Ime-L«¯n \m«n Fs´Ãmw \S-¶p-sh¶pw Ah-bn Rm³ F-§n-s\-sbÃmw ]s¦-Sp-¯p-sh¶pw HmÀ½n-¡p-¶-Xn-se-\n¡p ckw tXm-¶p-¶p-v. cmjv{So-b-þ-km-aq-ln-I-þ-kmw-kvIm-cnI aÞ-e-§-fn {]ap-J-cm-bn-cp¶ ]e-cp-ambpw F\n¡p _Ô-ap-m-bn-cp-¶p. kzmX-{´y-k-¼m-Z\ ]cn-{i-a-§fpw kzmX-{´y-e-_v[nbpw AXn\p-ti-jhpw B Ime-L-«-§Ä¡p-Ån s]Sp-¶p-v.
alm-ßm-Km-Ôn, alm-Ihn cho-{µ-\m-Y-Sm-KqÀ, ]Þnäv Ph-lÀemÂs\-lvdp, kÀZmÀ hÃ-`-`m-bn-]-t«Â, kp`mjv N{µ-t_m-kv, ktcm-Pn-\n-\m-bUp, kÀ. kn. i¦-c³\m-bÀ, {io\n-hm-k-im-kv{Xn, hÅ-t¯mÄ \mcm-b-W-ta-t\m³, DÅqÀ Fkv. ]c-ta-iz-c-¿À, kÀ kn. ]n. cma-kman A¿À, ktlm-Z-c³ A¿-¸³, aqÀt¡m¯v Ipam-c³, Fw. BÀ. \mbÀ (k-RvP-b³) XpS§n C´y-bnepw tIc-f-¯nepw kp{]-kn-²-cmb ]e-cp-ambn F\n¡v _Ô-s¸-Sp-hm\pw km[n-¨n-«p-v. Ah-cn ]esc¡pdn¨pw Fsâ a\-Ên At¸m-g-t¸mÄ ]Xn-ªn-«pÅ Nne Nn{X-§Ä hmb-\-¡m-cpsS ap¼n {]ZÀin-¸n-¡p-hm\pw F\n-¡p-t±-i-ap-v.
1
s\«q-cnse ae-_mÀ anjy³ an-Un kvIqfn Rm³ ]Tn-¡p¶ Ime-¯mWv B kw`-h-ap-m-b-Xv. A¶p anUnÂkvIqÄ {][m-\m-²ym-]-I³ {io s_©-an³ amÌ-cm-bn-cp-¶p. kp{]-kn² ae-bmf kmln-Xy-Im-c\pw A²ym-]-I-\p-am-bn-cp¶ {io aqÀt¡m¯p Ipam-cs\ XpSÀ¶v slUvam-Ì-cmbn h¶ am\y-\m-bn-cp¶p At±-lw. Cw¥ojv hymI-c-W-¯n-\pw, A¨-S-¡-]-cn-]m-e-\-¯n\pw At±lw {]kn-²nt\Snb Bfm-Wv. At±-l-¯nsâ injy·mÀ¡p Xe-tÈcn anjy³ sslkvIq-fn-se¯nbm hymI-c-W-hn-ZKv²-·mÀ F¶ henb t]cm-bn-cp-¶p. At±-l-¯nsâ ap¼n-se-¯n-t¨-cp¶ Ip«n-IÄ knwl-¯nsâ ap¼nÂ-s¸-Sp¶ am³t]-S-I-sf-t]mse Bbn-t¸m-Ipw. H¶mwtemI alm-bp-²-Im-e¯p PÀ½³ ]mXn-cn-bm-bn-cp¶ ep_vtI kmbn-¸ns\ {_n«o-jp-ImÀ \mSp-I-S-¯p-I-bp-m-bn. bp²w Ignªv At±lw hopw ae-_m-dn-te¡pw CÃn-¡p-¶n-te¡pw hcn-I-bm-Wv. ae-bmfwþCw¥ojv i_vZ-tIm-i-ap-m-¡nb tUmIvSÀ: KpÀ«v Xma-kn-¨n-cp¶ _w¥m-hn-emWv ep_vtI Xma-kn-¨n-cp-¶Xpw C\n Xma-kn-¡m³ t]mIp-¶Xpw. At±-l-s¯bpw `mcy-sbbpw kzoI-cn-¡p-hm³ CÃn-¡p¶pw R§-fpsS sIm¨p hnZym-e-bhpw X¿m-sd-Sp-¡p-I-bm-bn-cp-¶p.
Hcp-¡-§-sfÃmw ]qÀ¯n-bm-bn. kmbn¸pw aZm-½bpw IpXn-c-h-n-bn Ct¸mÄ Ip¶nsâ apI-fn-se-¯pw. R§-sf-Ãm-hcpw A¨-S-¡-t¯m-Sp-IqSn kvIqÄlm-fn Ccn-¡p-I-bm-Wv. slUvam-ÌÀ lmfn-\p-Npäpw \S-¶p-sIm-n-cn-¡p-¶p. \S¶p \S¶v At±lw Fsâ ASp-s¯-¯n. Ahn-sS-\n¶p ssIhn-c Im«n Fs¶ hnfn-¨p. `b-s¸-«p-sImp Rm\-t±-l-¯nsâ ASp-s¯-¯n. At±lw ]d-ªp. kmbn-¸pw, aZm-½bpw kvIqÄhn«p t]mIp-hm-s\m-cp-§p-t¼mÄ sF. s{]t¸mkv {Xo Nntbgvkv Sp dsh-d§v Pn. ep_vtI, ln¸v-þ-ln-¸v-þ-lq-td, ln¸v-þ-ln-¸v-þ-lq-td, ln¸v-þ-ln-¸v-þ-lqtd (I Propose three cheers to Rev G. Lubke. Hip Hip Hurrah, Hip Hip Hurrah, Hip Hip Hurrah) F¶p aq¶p-h«w hnfn-¡-Ww. AXn-\p-tijw I Propose three cheers to the king emperor F¶pw HSp-hn-embn. I Propose three cheers to the headmaster F¶pw hnfn-¡-W-sa¶p ]d-ªp. G¡p-I-b-ÃmsX \nhr-¯n-bn-söp F\n-¡-dn-bm-am-bn-cp-¶p. ]d-bp-¶Xv s_©-an³ amÌ-dm-Wv. Fs¶ GÂ]n¨ Imcyw Rm³ `wKn-bmbn \nd-th-än. kmbn-¸pw, aZm-½bpw Nncn-¨p-sIm-
mWv kvIqÄlm-fnÂ\n¶pw ]pd-¯n-d§nbXv. (Propose) F¶ hm¡v AXn-\p-ap³]v Rm³ tI«n-cp-¶n-Ã. Rm³ hnfn¨p ]d-ª-Xnsâ AÀ°-sa-´m-sW¶p F\n¡p \nÝ-b-hp-ap-m-bn-cp-¶n-Ã.
kmbn¸pw `mcybpw t]mb-Xn-\p-tijw slUvam-ÌÀ Fsâ ASp-¯p-h¶p ]pd¯p X«n Fs¶ A`n-\-µn-¨p. Fsâ BZys¯ s]mXp-th-Zn-bn-epÅ {]I-S-\-am-bn-cp¶p AXv. AXn-s\m-c-h-kcw F\n¡p \ÂInb s_©-an³ amÌ-tdmSp C¶p Rm³ IS-¸mSp tcJ-s¸-Sp-¯p-I-bm-Wv. (A¶Xp sN¿p-hm³ Fs¶ t{]cn-¸n-¨Xv At±-l-s¯-¡p-dn¨p F\n-¡pÅ `b-am-bn-cp-¶p-sh-¦n-epw) anUn kvIqfnÂ\n¶p aq¶mw-t^mdw ]mÊmbn R§-fn ]ecpw Xe-tÈcn anjy³ sslkvIq-fn F¯n. AhnsS t^mÀ¯v t^mdw "Un' Unhn-j-\n-emWv Fs¶ tNÀ¯-Xv. Fsâ ¢mÊv So¨À {io. aqt¡mÀ¯v Ipª-¸-bm-bn-cp-¶p. At±lw ]pXp-Xmbn _n.-F. ]mÊmbn anjy³ sslkvIq-fn tPmen¡p tNÀ¶-Xm-Wv. \mtem At©m amkw am{Xta At±lw AhnsS Dm-bn-cp-¶p-Åq. AXn-\p-tijw sdbnÂsh-bn Hcp henb tPmen In«n, At±lw I¡-¯-bn-te-¡p-t]m-bn. s\«q-cnÂsh¨v {io. aqÀt¡m¯v Ipam-csâ injy-\m-Ip-hm³ `mKyw kn²n-¡msX t]mb-Xn-ep-mb \ncmi Xe-tÈ-cn-bn h¨v At±-l-¯nsâ aIsâ injy-\m-b-Xp-hgn ]cn-l-cn-¡-s¸-«p-sh¶p Rm³ kam-[m-\n-¨p.
Rm³ t^mÀ¯v t^man ]Tn-¡p¶ Ime-¯mWv alm-ßm-KmÔn Xoh-n-bn Xe-tÈ-cn-bn IqSn awK-em-]p-c-t¯¡p t]mb-Xv. alm-ßm-KmÔn F¶p t]cpÅ Hcp henb a\p-jy³ A¶v sabn-en¶p t]mIp-¶p-s-¶pÅ hnhcw IÀ®m-IÀ®o-Ibm Ip«n-I-fpsS CS-bn ]c-¶p. At±-l-s¯-¡m-Wp-hm³-thn R§Ä¡v Ah[n Xc-W-sa¶p kvIqÄ slUvam-Ì-dm-bn-cp¶ {io. apIp-µ-a-Ã-tcmSp R§Ä sN¶p ]dªp. At±lw Ah[n X¶n-Ã. R§Ä Ipsd-t¸À At±-l-¯nsâ A\p-hm-Z-an-ÃmsX Hfn-t¨mSn tÌj-\n t]mIp-hm³ Xocp-am-\n-¨p. A§s\ R§Ä tÌj-\n-se-¯p-t¼m-tg¡p sabnepw F¯n. KmÔnPn ]pd-¯p-t\m-¡n, Fs´-Ãmtam tNmZn-¡p-Ibpw ]d-bp-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p-m-bn-cp-¶p. hn hnSp-t¼mÄ At±lw ssIIq¸n FÃm-h-tcbpw sXmgp-Xp. Fsâ Pohn-X-¯nse Gähpw henb A\p-`-h-ambn A¶-s¯ B "KmÔn-ZÀi\w' Rm³ IW-¡m-¡n. hn-t]m-bn-¡-gn-ªp. R§Ä sslkvIqfn-te¡v aS-§p-t¼m-gpv kvIqfnse Ip«n-I-sf-Ãm-hcpw HmSn-¡n-X¨v tÌj-\n-te¡p h-cp-¶p. ¢mÊn Ip«n-I-fpsS F®w hfsc Ipd-hm-bn-¡ slUvam-ÌÀ _m¡n-bpÅ Ip«n-IÄ¡pw Ah-[n-sIm-Sp-¯p. ]t£ alm-ßm-Km-Ônsb ImWp-hm³ AhÀ¡p km[n-¨n-Ã. R-§Ä alm-ßm-Km-Ônsb Ip. A¶p ho«n aS-§n-sb-¯nb DSs\ HmSn-s¨¶v A½-tbmSp ]dª hnhcw AXm-bn-cp-¶p. "At½, Rm³ alm-ßm-Km-Ônsb Ip.' At±lw kzcmPyw thW-sa¶p ]d-bp¶ BfsÃ' F¶m-bn-cp¶p A½-bpsS tNmZyw. AbmÄ F´p ]d-bp-¶p-sh¶v F\n¡p \nÝ-b-an-Ã. alm-ßm-Km-Ôn-sb¶p t]cpÅ B henb a\p-jys\ Rm³ Ip.
ASp-¯-sImÃw Rm³ ^n^v¯v t^man-se-¯n. Hcp Znhkw sslkvIqfn sN¶-t¸mÄ A¶p kvIqÄ Ah-[n-b-m-sW¶p a\-Ên-em-bn. BÀ¯p-hn-fn¨p kt´m-j-t¯m-Sp-IqSn Fsâ kl-]mTn tKm]m-e-¡p-dp¸p ]d-bp-I-bm-Wv, "Xo¿-cpsS kzman acn-¨p-t]m-bn. C\n Bsc Nqn-bmWv Xo¿À ta· \Sn-¡pI? kzman acn-¨-Xp-sImp C¶p eohm-Wv. B eohp \ap-s¡m-¶m-tLm-jn-¡p-I.' A§ns\ hnfn-¨p-]-d-ªp-sImv At±lw ¢mÊp-IÄtXmdpw HmSn\S¶p. hnhcw FÃm-h-tcbpw Adn-bn-¡p-hm-\pÅ Npa-Xe kzbw Gsä-Sp-¯n-cn-¡p-I-bm-Wv. Fsâ ASp¯ Hcp kvt\ln-X\pw kl-]m-Tn-bp-amWv tKm]m-e-¡p-dp-¸v. At±lw hnfn¨p ]d-bp¶ Xo¿-cpsS kzman {io\m-cm-b-W-Kp-cp-hm-Wv. At±lw kam-[n-bmb hnh-c-s¯-¡p-dn-¨mWv Xo¿-cpsS kzman acn¨p t]msb¶v At±lw ]d-bp-¶-Xv. At±-l-¯nsâ kam[n FÃm-h-scbpw hyk-\n-¸n-¡p-¶-Xm-bn-«mWv ImWp-¶-Xv. F¶m tKm]m-e-¡p-dp¸v kt´m-jn-¡p-I-bm-Wv. AXn-s\-´mWv ImcWw? {io\m-cm-b-Wsâ Pohn-X-Im-e¯v At±lw \J-in-Jm´w FXnÀ¯n-cp¶ PmXn-hy-h-Ø-bmWv AXn\p Imc-W-sa¶pw B hyh-Ø-bpsS sshXm-fn-I-s\¶ \ne-bmWv tKm]m-e-¡p-dp-¸n\v At¸m-gp-Å-sX¶pw F\n¡p a-\-Ên-em-Ip-hm³ Ipsd-IqSn hÀj-§Ä Ign-tb-n-h-¶p.
Fsâ {Un So¨À
anjy³ sslkvIq-fn h¶p tNÀ¶Xp apX {Un amÌsd F\n¡p henb t]Sn-bm-bn-cp-¶p. \nhÀ¯n-bp-s-¦n {Un ¢mÊn Ib-dmsX Rm³ Hfn-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-am-bn-cp-¶p. F¶m Fs¶¦nepw Bsf ]nSn-In-«n-bmÂ, Xs¶ sh«n¨-Xn-sâ- t]-cn-epÅ in£-I-sf-Ãmw-IqSn H¶n¨p sImSp-¡p-hm³ sXÃpw aSn-bn-Ãm¯ Hcm-fm-bn-cp¶p {Un amÌÀ. {UnÂam-ÌÀ F¶ t]cv F{X eLp-hmWv? R§sf kw_-Ôn-¨v- A-t±lw XnI¨pw Hcp {UnÂam-Ì-dp-am-bn-cp-¶p. F¶m At±lw Bcm-bn-cp-¶p-sh¶v F\n¡v XnI¨pw a\-Ên-em-bXv At±lw A´-cn-¨-Xn\p tij-am-Wv. `mc-X-¯n-se, hninjy tIc-f-¯nse kÀ¡-Ê-`ym-kn-I-fpsS Ipe-Iq-S-Ø-\mb s{]m^-ÊÀ Iotecn Ip-ªn-¡-®³ So¨sd Ipdn-¨mWv Rm³ R§-fpsS {UnÂam-Ì-sd¶p ]d-ª-sX¶p F\n¡p a\-Ên-em-Ip-hm³ Imew ]ns¶bpw Ipsd sNtÃ-n-h-¶p.
Hcp henb IpS-h-bdpw AXns\ Npän-s¡mp NpI¶ Im³hm-Ênsâ Hcp s_«pw [cn¨v R§-fpsS {Un sjÍn Ipä-hm-fn-I-fmb Ip«n-I-fpsS Xe-bn Ccp-¼p-ap-jvSn-IÄsIm-p-c-km-dp-m-bn-cp¶ R-§-fpsS B kmÀ F{X henb alm-\m-sW¶p R§Ä¡mÀ¡pw \nÝ-b-ap-m-bn-cp-¶n-Ã.
If-cn-¸-b-än-t\mSpw kÀ-¡-Ê-`ym-k-§-tfmSpw AXoh XmÂ]-cy-ap-m-bn-cp¶ Ipªn-¡-®³amÌÀ At±-l-¯nsâ _mey-Ime Pohn-X-a-{Xbpw B cp Imbn-Im-`ym-k-ap-d-IÄ hi-¯m-¡p-hm³ thn-bmWp Nne-h-gn-¨-Xv. C´y-bpsS ]e `mK-§-fnepw At±lw k©-cn-¨p. kÀ¡-Ên\v A-¡me¯v C´y-bn Gähpw IqSp-X {]kn-²n-t\-Snb Øew alm-cm-jv{S-am-bn-cp-¶p. tZhmÄ kÀ¡-Êv, ImÀen-ImÀ kÀ¡-Êv, ]c-ipdmw kÀ¡Êv F¶o t]cp-I-fn adm-¯n-I-fpsS kÀ¡Êv I¼-\n-IÄ C´y-bn t]cp-bÀ¯nb Ime-L-«-am-bn-cp¶p AXv. B I¼-\n-Isf ]e aS§p Ih-¨p-h-bv¡p-I-bpw, alm-cm-jv{S-¯n\p C´y³ Imbn-Im-`ymkthZn-bn-ep-m-bn-cp¶ Øm\w tIc-f-¯n\p t\Sn-s¡m-Sp-¡p-Ibpw sNbvX-X-t±-l-am-Wv. At±-l-¯nsâ injy-·mcpw _Ôp-¡-fp-amb Bfp-IÄ \S-¯p¶ kÀ¡Êv I¼-\n-I-fmWv k-©-cn-¡p¶ \K-c-§-fmbn C´y-bpsS hnhn-[-`m-K-§-fn \mw C¶p Ip-h-cp-¶-Xv. PmXn-bn Xo¿-\m-bn-cp¶ At±lw hnhmlw sNbvXXv asämcp PmXn-bn ]nd¶ Hcp kv{Xosb-bm-bn-cp-¶p. AXn-ep-mb s]¬Ip-«n¡p hnhm-l-{]m-b-sa-¯n-bn«pw hc-·m-cmcpw h¶n-Ã. PmXn-hy-h-Ø-bn hnizm-k-an-Ãm-Xn-cp¶ amÌÀ {_Ò-k-am-P-¯n tNÀ¶p. ae-_m-dn {_Ò-k-am-P-¡mÀ Ipd-hm-bn-cp-¶-Xp-sImv At±-l-¯nsâ aIÄ¡p A\p-cq-]-\mb hcs\ In«n-bn-Ã. So¨À {InkvXp-aXw kzoI-cn-¨p. aIsf A\p-cq-]-\mb Hcp {InkvXy³ bphmhv hnhmlw Ign-¨p. ac-Wm-\-´cw At±-l-¯nsâ ih-i-cocw teJ-Isâ ho«nsâ ASp-¯pÅ {InkvXy³ skan-t¯-cn-bn ad-hp-sN-¿p-I-bm-Wp-m-b-Xv. lnµp-hmbn ]nd-s¶-¦nepw PmXo-b-amb Ak-a-Xz-§-fpsS {Iqc-X-IÄ¡n-c-bmbn \«w-Xn-cn-tb-n-h¶ Ipªn-¡-®³ amÌÀ¡v PohnX kmb-Ó-¯n {InkvXym-\n-bm-bn-«mWv acn-¡p-hm-\n-S-h-¶-Xv. sXm«p-Iq-Sm-¯-hcpw Xon-Iq-Sm-¯-h-cp-ambn DbÀ¶ kap-Zm-b-¡mÀ ]pdw-XÅn \ndp-¯n-bn-cp¶ km[p IpSpw-_-§-fn \n¶mWv kÀ¡-Ê-`ym-k-§Ä¡mbn At±lw Bfp-Isf Xnc--sª-Sp-¯n-cp-¶-Xv. km¼-¯nItijn-bn-Ãm-Xn-cp¶ IpSpw-_-§-
fnÂ\n¶v "NmW-Im-WmsX InS¶ IÃp-Isf' At±lw s]dp-¡n-sb-Sp¯v "tX¨p-an-\p¡n' kÀ¡Êv IqSm-c§fn-en-d-¡n-b-t¸mÄ Bth-i-`-cn-X-cmbn Bfp-IÄ ssI¿-Sn-¨-hsc A`n-\-µn-¨p. Ah-cn ]ecpw k¼Xvti-jn-bn ap¶n«p \n¡p-¶-h-cm-bn«mWv C¶p ImWs¸-Sp-¶-Xv. I®³ t_m¼mtbm F¶ t]cn hniz-hn-JymXn t\Sp-Ibpw temIw hnd-¸n¨ lnävesc sImp-t]mepw "C´y-bnse ae-¡-]n-imNv' (The jumping Devil of India) F¶p hnfn-¸n-¡p-Ibpw sNbvX Iotecn Ipªn-¡®³ \½psS So¨-dpsS Hcp A\-´n-c-h\pw injy-\p-am-bn-cp-¶p. A¶v At±-l-am-bn-cp¶p Fsâ {Un So¨À F¶pÅ Imcyw C¶v HmÀ¡p-t¼mÄ F\n¡p A`n-am-\hpw Al-¦m-chpw tXm¶p-¶p-v. At±-l-¯nsâ ¢mÊn Rm³ an¡-hmdpw Hcp IÅ-¸p-Ån-bm-bn-cp-¶p-sh-¦nepw.
anjy³ sslkvIq-fn ]Tn-¡p¶ Ime-¯mWv F\n¡p BZy-ambn tZio-b-t_m[w Dm-b-Xv. AXn¶p tlXp-`q-X³ at©cncma-¿À F¶ t]cn A¡m-e¯v kp{]-kn-²-\m-bn-cp¶ hmÜnbpw h¡o-ep-am-bn-cp-¶p. AXv 1928-þ Bbn-cp-¶p. C´y-¡p-th `c-W-]-cn-jvIm-c-§-sf-¡p-dn¨v At\z-jn¨v {_n«ojv ]mÀe-saân\p dnt¸mÀ«v kaÀ¸n-¡p-hm³-thn sska¬ I½o-j³ C´y-bn-te¡p hcp¶ Ime-am-bn-cp¶p AXv. sska¬ I½o-js\ _ln-jvI-cn-¡p-hm³ C´y³ t\j-W tIm¬{KÊv Xocp-am-\n-¨n-cp-¶p. sska¬ I½o-js\ _ln-jvI-cn-t¡--Xnsâ Bh-iy-I-X-sb-¡p-dn¨p {]kw-Kn-¡p-hm³ Xe-tÈcn IS¸p-d¯p Hcp tbmKw tNcp-¶p-s¶pw B tbmK-¯n at©cn cma-¿À {]kw-Kn-¡p-¶p-s¶pw Rm³ F§s\tbm a\-Ên-em-¡n-bn-cp-¶p.
ioa-¡m-tc-gp-t]sc... amb-¡m-cm-b-hsc
sska¬ I½o-j³Imsc t]mþ-t]m-þ-t]mþ
t]m¡-Ww þ ]pd-¯m-¡-Ww.
A\ym-b-I-½o-j³ImÀ hs¶¯pw s^{_p-hcn
aq¶mw Xob-Xn-\m-fn \nþ-È-þ-_vZw.
hnZym-ebw apS¡n B^oÊpw Iq«-S¡n
D-tZymKw \mw apS¡n \nþ-È-þ-_vZw.
km{amPy{]a-¯-·mÀ kzmÀ°-¯n-\pÂÕp-I-·mÀ
\nÀ½n-¨-b¨ b{´w t]mþ-t]m-þ-t]m.
ioa-¡m-tc-gp-t]sc... amb-¡m-cm-b-h-sc...'
A§ns\ t]mIp¶ B _ln-jvI-c-W-Km\w hnZymÀ-°n-I-fm-bn-cp¶ R§-fpsS FÃm-h-cp-sSbpw \mhnsâ Xp¼n X¯n-¡-fn-¡p-¶p-m-bn-cp-¶p. Rm³ s]mXp-tbm-K-¯n\p t]mbn. at©cn cma-¿-cpsS {]kwKw tI«p. sska¬ I½o-j³Imsc _ln-jvI-cn-¡msX \nhr-¯n-bn-söp t_m²y-am-bn. A¶p sNt¿ Imcy-§-sf-¡p-dn-s¨Ãmw At±lw hni-Z-ambn ]dªn-cp-¶p. Fs¶ tImÄa-bnÀ sImÅn¨ Hcp {]kw-K-am-bn-cp¶p AXv. {_n«o-jp-ImÀ C´y-¡mÀ¡p dmhp-_-l-ZqÀ. Znhm³ _l-ZqÀ, dmhp-km-tl-_v, Znhm³km-tl_v Fs¶Ãmw Øm\-am-\§Ä \ÂIp-¶-Xnsâ cl-ky-§-fpw aäpw hnh-cn-¨Xv AÛp-X-t¯m-
Sp-IqSn tI«p-\n-¶-h-\mWv Rm³. GXm-bmepw sska¬-I-½o-j³ t_mws_-bn I¸-en-d-§nb s^{_p-hcn 3þmw XobXn R§-fn (X-e-tÈcn anjy³ sslkvIqÄ hnZymÀ°n-IfnÂ) Hcp henb hn`mKw Ahsc _ln-jvI-cn-¨p. AhÀ B hnhcw Adntªm CÃtbm Fs¶m¶pw R§Ä¡p t\mt¡--Xn-Ãm-bn-cp-¶p. at©cn cma-¿À ]d-ª-Xp-t]m-se-sbÃmw R§Ä {]hÀ¯n-¨p.
ssk-a¬ I½o-j³Imsc t]mþ-t]m-þ-t]mþ F¶p IS-¸p-d¯p sN¶p \n¶p AXyp-¨-¯n R§Ä Iq¡n-hn-fn-¨p. t_mws_-bn A¶p I¸-en-d-§nb I½o-j³ImÀ AXp tIt«m Ft´m? R§-tfmSp ]d-ª-Xp-t]mse R§Ä sNbvXp. B kw`-h-t¯mSp IqSn-bmWv tZio-b-t_m[w A¦p-cn-¨-sX¶p ]d-bmw.
1930\p tijw tZiob {]Øm-\-§-fnÂ\n¶p at©cn cma-¿À amdn-\n-¶p-sh-¦nepw At±lw A¶p Xe-tÈcn IS-¸p-d-¯p-h¨p F¶n A¦p-cn-¸n¨ B tZio-b-t_m[w Fs¶ ]n¶o-sS-hn-sS-sbÃmw F¯n-¨p-sh¶p Btem-Nn-¡p-t¼mÄ ckw tXm¶m-Xn-cn-¡p-¶n-Ã.
1928þ tabv H-Sp-hn-emWv ]¿-¶q-cnÂh¨p 4þmw tIcf kwØm\ cmjv{Sob kt½-f\w tNÀ¶n-cp-¶-Xv. B kt½-f-\-¯nsâ A²y-£³ A¡m-e¯v AJn-te´ym tIm¬{KÊv I½n-än-bpsS P\-d sk{I-«-dn-bm-bn-cp¶ ]Þnäv Ph-lÀem s\lvdp Bbn-cp-¶p. kzmK-X-kw-Lm-²y-£-\m-bn-cp-¶Xv {ioam³ sI.Sn. I½m-c³ \¼ym-cp-am-bn-cp¶p B kt½-f\w tIm¬{K-Ênsâ e£yw ]qÀ®-kzm-X-{´y-am-sW¶v {]Jym-]n-¡-W-sa¶v C´y³ \mj-\ tIm¬{K-Ên-t\m-S-`yÀ°n-¨p. {]ta-bs¯ sI. am[-h-\mbÀ, sI. tIf-¸³, ]n. cmap-®n-ta-t\m³, IpdqÀ \¼q-Xn-cn-¸m-Sv, kn. Ip«³\m-bÀ F¶n-hÀ A\p-Iq-en-¡p-Ibpw at©cn cma-¿À, bp. tKm]m-e-ta-t\m³, ]n. ANyp-X³ F¶-hÀ FXnÀ¡p-Ibpw sNbvXp. Hcp ]s£ tIm¬{K-Ênsâ e£yw ]qÀ®-kzm-X-{´y-am-sW¶v BZy-ambn {]Jym-]n¨ tIm¬{KÊv kt½-f-\hpw AXp-X-s¶-bm-bn-cn-¡Ww: AXns\ XpSÀ¶v 1929-þ emtlmÀ \K-c-¯nÂh¨p tNÀ¶ C´y³\m-j-\ tIm¬-{KÊv AXnsâ e£yw ]qÀ®-kzm-X-{´y-am-sW¶v {]Jym-]n-¡p-Ibpw sNbvXp. B sImÃ-¯n Xs¶-bmWv kÀ, Fw. hntiz-iz-c-¿-bpsS A²y-£-X-bn Xncp-h-\-´-]p-c¯v sh¨v Z£n-tW-´y³ \m«p-cm-Py-{]-Pm-k-t½-f\w tNÀ¶-Xv. Xncp-hn-Xmw-Iq-dn kzmX-{´y-k-a-c-¯nsâ apt¶m-Sn-bmbn \S¶ Hcp kt½-f-\-sa¶ \ne-bn B Z£n-tW-´y³ \m«p-cm-Py-{]Pm kt½-f-\-¯n\v {]tXy-IXbpw {][m\ ]¦pap-v.
Rm³ ^n^vXv t^man-em-bn-cp-¶-t¸mÄ knIvkvXv t^man Idp¯v apJw apgp-h³ hkq-cn-¡-e-bpÅ Hcp hnZymÀ°n H¸w ]Tn-¨n-cp-¶p. B Ip«n ]Tn-¸nÂ, hnti-jn¨v IW-¡n anSp-¡-\m-bn-cp-¶p. At\ym\yw ]cn-N-b-an-Ãm-bn-cp-¶p-sh-¦nepw B Ip«n-sb-t¸mse IW-¡n anSp-¡-\m-hWsa-¶pÅ B{Klw F¶n Dfhm-bn. B sImÃw B Ip«n Fkv.F-kv.-FÂ.-kn. ]co-£-bv¡n-cn-¡p-Ibpw 100-þ 99 amÀ¡v t\Sp-Ibpw sNbvXp.
B Ip«n-bmWv BZyw tIm¬{K-Êp-Im-c-\mbpw ]n¶oSv I½yq-Wn-Ìp-Im-c-\mbpw `hn-¨n«v Ct¸mÄ tIc-f-¯nse amÀInÌp I½yq-WnÌp ]mÀ«n-bpsS P\-d sk{I-«-dn-bm-bn-cn-¡p¶ kJmhv kn.-F-¨v. IWm-c³ (CXp Fgp-Xn-I-gn-ª-Xn-\p-ti-j-amWv kJmhv \ncym-X-\m-b-Xv) kJmhv F.-sI. tKm]m-e³ anjy³ sslkvIqÄ hnZymÀ°n-bm-bn-cp-¶p-sh-¦nepw Rm³ ]Tn-¡p¶ Ime¯v At±lw ]Tn¯w Ah-km-\n-¸n¨p Ign-ªn-cp-¶p. ]n¶oSp hfsc sImÃ-§Ä¡p-tijw At±-lhpw Rm\pw Hcp Xnc-sª-Sp-¸n Fw.-]n. amcm-bn-¯o-cp-Ibpw UÂln-bn F¯p-Ibpw sNbvXn-«p-v. ]e Ime-L-«-§-fn-embn anjy³ sslkvIqÄ hnZymÀ°n-I-fm-bn-cp¶ thsd cp-t]ÀIqSn BZys¯ temI-vk-`-bn AwK-§-fm-bn-cp-¶p. tIc-f-¯nse {]kn² tIm¬{KÊv t\Xmhpw kÀtÆm-Zb t\Xm-hp-am-bn-cp¶ sI. tIf-¸\pw sdbnÂsh sXmgn-emfn t\Xmhpw I½yqWnÌp t\Xm-hp-amb A\-´³ \¼ym-cp-am-bn-cp¶p AhÀ. kzX{´ C´y-bpsS BZys¯ Xnc-sª-Sp¯ ]mÀe-saânÂ. A§s\ Xe-tÈcn anjy³ sslkvIq-fnse ]qÀÆ hnZymÀ°n-I-fn \mep t]cp-m-bn-cp-¶p-sh-¶p-ÅXv B kvIqfns\ kw_-Ôn-¨n-S-t¯mfw A`n-am-\-I-c-atÃ? kvIqÄ \ne-sIm-Åp¶ Xe-tÈcn \ntbm-PI aÞ-es¯ Rm\pw, ASp¯ I®qÀ \ntbm-P-I-a-Þ-es¯ F.-sI. -tKm-]m-e\pw {]Xn-\n-[o-I-cn-¨-t¸mÄ tIf-¸³ s]m¶m-\n-tb-bpw, A\-´³ \¼ymÀ a{Zm-Ênse XrÈn-\m-]-Ån-tb-bp-amWv {]Xn-\n-[o-I-cn-¨n-cp-¶-Xv.
1930-þ \S¶ Fkv.-F-kv.-FÂ.-kn. ]co-£bv¡v Rm³ Ccn-¡p-Ibpw {]i-kvX-amb \ne-bnÂXs¶ Pbn-¡p-Ibpw sNbvXp. B sImÃw anjy³ sslkvIq-fnÂ\n¶v Fkv.-F-kv-FÂ.-kn. ]co£ ]mÊmb 12 Ip«n-I-fn Gähpw IqSp-X amÀ¡p- In«n-bXv F\n-¡m-bn-cp-¶p. 1930-þ-emWv Rm³ BZy-ambn Hcp ]»n¡v ]co-£bv¡p t]mb-Xv. B sImÃw Xs¶-bm-bn-cp-¶p-htÃm alm-ßm-Km-Ôn-bpsS t\Xr-Xz-¯n D¸v \nb-a-ew-L\w Bcw-`n-¨-Xpw. 1930 G{]n 12-þmw Xob-Xn-bmWv D¸p \nb-a-ew-L\w \S-¯p-hm³ alm-ßPn k_Àa-Xn-bnÂ\n¶v bm{XXncn-¨-Xv. 6þmw XobXn apX "amXr-`qa-n Zn\-]-{X-ambn ]pd-¯n-d-§p-Ibpw sNbvXn-cp-¶p. AXn-\p-ap¼v BgvN-bn aq¶p-X-h-W-am{Xw ]pd-¯p-h¶ B ]{Xw Ct¸mÄ Znh-khpw hmbn-¡m-sa-¶p-ÅXn-\m Rm³ AXy´w kt´m-jn-¨p. "amXr-`qan'sb lrZ-bw-K-a-ambn A`n-\-µn-¡p-Ibpw sNbvXp.
A§ns\ KmÔn-Pnbpw [À½-`-S-·mcpw ImÂ\-S-bmbn ZÞn-bn-te¡v bm{X-Xn-cn-¨-Xp-ap-X Rm³ \nXyhpw "amXr-`qan' hmbn-¡m-dp-m-bn-cp-¶p. KmÔn-Pnbpw [À½-`-S-·mcpw \S¶p \S¶p IS¯o-c-¯pÅ ZÞn-bn-se-¯n. AXmWv B[p-\n-I-`m-c-X-¯nse Ipcp-t£-{Xw. Ahn-sS-h-¨mWv `mc-X-¯nsâ `mK-t[bw \nÀ®-bn-¡p-hm³ t]mIp-¶-Xv. KmÔn-Pn-bpsS B ZÞn-bm{Xbn Hcp tIc-fo-b-\pw-IqsS Ds¶p tI«n-cp-¶p. AXm-cm-sW¶v F\n¡p \nÝ-b-ap-m-bn-cp-¶nÃ. ]n¶oSv At\-I-am-p-IÄ¡-¸p-d¯p C´y-bpsS ]mÀesaân AwK-am-b-t¸m-gmWv Rm³ At±-ls¯ I-Xv. At±-lhpw Hcp ]mÀesaâw-K-am-bn-cp-¶p. KmÔn-Pn-bmWv At±-ls¯ tIm¬-{KÊv {]hÀ¯-\-§Ä¡p-thn UÂln-bn-te-¡-b-¨-sX¶p tI«n-«p-v. AhnsS hf-sc-¡mew {]hÀ¯n¨ At±lw UÂln {]tZiv tIm¬{Kkv I½nän-bpsS {]kn-Uâm-bn-cp-¶n-«p-v. UÂln dqd \ntbm-P-I-a-Þ-e-¯nÂ\n¶v aÕ-cn-¨n-«mWv At±lw ]mÀen-saâw-K-am-b-Xv. s\¿m-än³I-c-bv¡-Sp¯p P\n-¨p-h-fÀ¶ {io. IrjvW³ \mb-cmWv UÂln-bn \n¶pÅ \mev Fw.-]n.-am-cn Hcm-sf¶p I-t¸mÄ F\n¡p AÛp-Xhpw kt´m-jhpw tXm¶n. R§Ä ]n¶oSp kplr-¯p-¡-fm-bn. ssh¡w kXy-{K-l-¯n ]¦p-h-ln¨ [oc-\mb {io. kn. Ip«³\m-b-cpsS ktlm-Z-c-\mWv {io. IrjvW³\mbÀ.
k_Àa-Xn-bnÂ\n¶v bm{X-Xn-cn-¡p-¶-Xn\v ap¼v KmÔnPn ssht{km-bn¡p Hcp Fgp-¯-b-¨n-cp-¶p. KmÔn-Pn-bpsS B{i-a-¯nÂXs¶ B Ime¯v Xma-kn-¡p-I-bm-bn-cp¶ sdPn-t\mÄUv ssdt\mÄUvkv F¶ Cw¥o-jp-Im-csâ ssIbn-emWv B Fgp¯p sImSp-¯n-cp-¶-Xv. At±-lhpw KmÔn-Pn-bpsS ]p{X-\mb tZhZmkv KmÔn-bpw-IqsS UÂln¡p t]msb-¦nepw AhÀ¡p ssh-t{km-bnsb ImWp-hm³ km[n-¨n-Ã. ssht{km-bn-bpsS sk{I-«-dnsb B I¯v GÂ]n-¨n-«mWv AhÀ Xncn-¨p-t]m-¶-Xv. GXm\pw Znh-k-§Ä¡p-Ån I¯n-\pÅ adp-]Sn e`n-¨p. "Rm³ `£-W-¯n\v thn tIW-t]-£n-¨p. IÃmWv F\n¡p ]Icw In«n--b-Xv. _e-{]-tbm-K-¯nsâ `mj am{Xta Cw¥ojv cmjv{S-¯n\v a\-Ên-em-hp-I-bp-Åq. ssht{km-bn-bpsS adp-]Sn Fs¶ AÛp-X-s¸-Sp-¯p-¶n-Ã. \½psS cmPy¯v C¶v A\p-`-h-s¸-Sp¶ GI kam-[m-\w XS-hp-ap-dn-bpsS kam-[m-\-am-Wv. h¼n-s¨mcp X-S-hp-ap-dn-bmWv C¶v C´y apgp-t¡. AXn-\m Cu ({_n-«ojv: \nb-as¯ Rm³ kÀÆYm \ncm-I-cn-¡p-I-bpw, kzX{´ hmbp-hns\ XS-ªp-\nÀ¯n Hcp cmjv{S-¯nsâ lrZ-bs¯ hoÀ¸p-ap-«n-¡p¶ Cu \nÀºÔnXk-am-[m-\s¯ `RvPn-t¡-Xv Fsâ ]cn-]m-h-\-IÀ¯-hy-ambn Icp-Xp-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p.') F¶mWv B I¯v I-t¸mÄ KmÔnPn ]d-ª-Xv.
amÀ¨v 12-þmw XobXn bp²w XpS-§p-I-bm-bn. AsX-{X-Imew \op-\n¡p-sa¶p BÀ¡pw ]d-bp-hm³ h¿. KmÔn-Pnbpw At±-l-¯nsâ IqsS \nb-a-ew-L\w \S-¯p-hm³ Hcp-§n-]p-d-s¸-«n-«pÅ [À½-kw-Lhpw k_Àa-Xn-bnÂ\n¶p bm{XXncn-¨p. Znh-tk\ 12 apX 15 hsc \mgnI \S-¶p-sIm-mWv AhÀ k-©-cn-¡p-¶-Xv. D¸p-hm-äp-¶-Xn-\pÅ ]n¨f ]m{X-§fpw \qÂ\qÂ]n-\pÅ ]cp¯n¯ncn-Ifpw AXym-hiyw th hkv{X-§fpw Hmtcm-cp-¯-cp-tSbpw I¿n-ep-v. F¬]-¯n-\mev ]mZ-Nm-cn-I-fmWv A¶p KmÔn-Pn-bp-sS-IqsS Dm-bn-cp-¶-Xv. 200 \mgn-I-tbmfw \S-¶n-«mWv AhÀ ZÞn-I-S-¸p-d-s¯-¯n-b-Xv. 24 Znh-ks¯ ]cy-S-\-¯n\v tijw G{]n 5þmw Xob-Xn-bmWv AhÀ AhnsS sN¶-Xv. ]nsä-Zn-hkw cmhnse Bdv aWn¡v At±lw Aºm-kvXbm-_vPn-bpsS ]p{Xn-bpsS Npa-en ]nSn-¨p-sImv kap-{Z-Xo-c-s¯-¯n. kv\m\m-
\-´-cw, At\-Im-bncw IWvT-§-fn \n¶p-bÀ¶ Pb-hn-fn-IÄ¡n-S-bn IS¡-c-bn Nn¶n-¨n-X-dn-¡n-S-¶n-cp¶ D¸p-X-cn-IÄ s]dp-¡n-sb-Sp-¯-t¸mÄ IqsS-bp-m-bn-cp¶ ktcm-Pn-\n-tZhn At±-ls¯ "\nb-a-`-RvPI³' F¶p AÀ°-KÀ`-ambn hnfn-¨p. B kw`hw A¶p AhnsS IqSn-bn-cp-¶-h-scbpw ]ns¶ AXn-s\-¡p-dn¨v tI«-dn-ª-h-scbpw tImcn-¯-cn-¸n-¨p.
AXn\ptijw AhnsS IqSn-bn-cp¶htcm-Smbn KmÔn D¸p-\n-baw ewLn-¡p-hm³ C\n-ap-X BÀ¡pw kzmX-{´y-ap-s¶pw B kzmX{´yw A\p-`-hn-¡p-hm³ B{K-ln-¡p-¶-hÀ AXn¶p thn Ht«sd IjvS\-jvS§Ä A\p-`-hn-t¡-n-h-cp-sa¶pw AXp kw_Ôn¨v sN¿p¶ {]hÀ¯n-I-sfÃmw ]c-ky-am-bn-«m-bn-cn-¡-W-sa¶pw ]d-ªp. kv{XoI-tfm-Smbn Cu \nb-a-ew-L-\{]Øm-\-¯n ]s¦-Sp-¡p-hm\pw A§ns\ cmPy-¯nsâ kzmX-{´y-k-¼m-Z-\-]-cn-{i-a-¯n ]¦m-fn-I-fm-Ip-hm\pw At±lw Bh-iy-s¸-«p. KmÔn-Pn-bpsS t\Xr-Xz-¯n A¶p Bcw-`n¨ \nb-a-ew-L-\-{]-Øm-\-t¯m-Sp-Iq-Sn-bmWv C´y³ kzmX-{´y-k-a-c-¯n ]s¦-Sp-¡p-hm³ h\n-X-IÄ ap¶n-«n-d-§n-b-Xv. {ioa-Xn-amÀ ktcm-Pn-\o-tZ-hn, IkvXqÀ_m-Km-Ôn, Ia-em-tZhn NtXm-]m-²ym-b, Ia-em-s\lvdp, kptN-Xm-Ir-]-em-\n, AcpWm Bk-^men XpS-§n-b-hÀ AhÀ¡v AXn\pth t\XrXzw sImSp-¡p-Ibpw sNbvXp.
ZÞn-bnepw [cm-k-\-bnepw thZm-c-Wy-¯nepw aäpw D¸p-\n-b-a-ew-L\w \S-¶p-sIm-n-cp-¶-t¸m-gmWv tIc-f-¯n tIf-¸sâ t\Xr-Xz-¯n Hcp kXy-{K-l-PmY tImgn-t¡m-«p-\n¶p ImÂ\-S-bmbn ]¿-¶q-cn-te¡p bm{X-Xn-cn-¨-Xv. D¸p-\n-b-a-ew-L-\-¯nepw alm-ß-Pn-bpsS t\Xr-Xz-¯n-epÅ [À½-k-a-c-¯nepw Bth-i-`-cn-X-\mb Rm³ tIf-¸sâ PmY Xe-tÈ-cn-bn-se-¯p-¶Xp Im¯ncn¡p-I-bm-bn-cp-¶p. FÂ. Fkv. {]`p-hnsâ ho«n-emWv PmY-h-cn-I. Ahn-sS-bmWv A¶v AhÀ hn{i-an-¡p-¶-Xv Fs¶Ãmw a\-Ên-em-¡nb Rm³ Ahn-sS-sN¶p Im¯n-cp-¶p. Xe-tÈ-cn-bnse A¶s¯ tIm¬{KÊv t\Xmhv FÂ.-Fkv {]`p-hm-bn-cp-¶p. tIf-¸\pw Iq«p-Imcpw sImSnbpw ]nSn¨p JZÀ k©n-Ifpw Igp-¯nÂXq¡n tImWn Ib-dp-¶Xv Bth-i-`-cn-X-\mbn Rm³ t\m¡n-\n-¶p. tIf-¸³ ap¼nepw hmf-n-bÀ Iym]vS³ sI.-Sn. Ipªn-cm-a³\-¼ymÀ apt«m-f-sa-¯p¶ JZÀ tXmÀ¯p-app-Sp¯p henb Hcp sImSnbpw Npa¶p ]nd-In-ep-am-bn-«mWv \S-¶p-h-¶-Xv.
tIc-f-¯nse BZys¯ I½yq-WnÌv a{´n-k-`-bn AwK-am-bn-cp¶ sI.-]n.-tKm-]m-e\pw A¶v PmY-bn-ep-m-bn-cp-¶p. PmYmw-K-§-sf-sbÃmw AÛp-X-t¯mSpw BZ-c-thm-Spw-Iq-Sn-bmWv Rm³ t\m¡n \n¶-Xv. ]Xn-\m-dm-bn-cp¶p Fsâ A¶-s¯- hbÊv. ]nsä-Zn-hkw cmhnse Rm³ sImSp-h-Å-n¸m-e-¯n-\-Sp¯p PmY hcp-¶Xpw Im¯n-cn-¸m-bn. Xe-tÈ-cn-bnÂ\n¶v I®q-cn-te-¡pÅ bm{X-bn sImSp-h-Ån-¸mew IS-¶n-«m-WtÃm PmY t]mIp-¶-Xn F\n¡p A`n-am\w tXm¶n. Fsâ P·-tZ-i-amb s\«q-cns\ Xe-tÈ-cn-bnÂ\n¶p amän-\n-dp-¯p¶ ]me-amWv sImSp-h-Ån-¸m-ew. ]mew IS-¶m cp ^Àtem-MvZqcw PmY s\«q-cn Nhn-«n-s¡m-mWv [À½-S-t¯¡p IS-¡pI F¶p-Å-Xnepw F\n¡p A`n-am\w tXm¶n-bn-cp¶p C´y³ kzmX-{´y-¯n-\p-thn t]mcm-Sp-hm³ t]mIp¶ [À½-`-S-·mÀ Fsâ \m«n¡q-Sn-bm-WtÃm t]mIp-¶-Xv. Ah-cn F{X-t]À Xncn-¨p-h-cp-sa¶v Bcp Ip? `b-`àn _lp-am-\-§-tfm-Sp-IqSn PmY ]mew IS-¶p-t]m-Ip-¶Xp Rm³ I®n-a-bv¡msX t\m¡n-\n-¶p. tIf-¸\pw PmYmw-K-§Ä¡pw R-§Ä Pbv hnfn-¨p. A§ns\ PmY ]¿-¶q-cns\ e£y-am¡n \S-¶p -sIm--¡-c-bn-se-¯n.
1933 G{]n amkw 13-þmw XobXn ]¿-¶q-cnÂh¨p AhÀ \nbaw ewLn-¨p. sabv 12-þmw XobXn tImgn-t¡m-«p -h¨v D¸p-\n-b-a-ew-L\w \S-¶p. {ioam-·mÀ apl-½Zv A_vZp dln-am³, ]n. IrjvW-]nÅ F¶n-hÀ AXn-I-Tn-\-ambn aÀ±n-¡-s¸-«p. A_vZp dln-am³ kmtl-_nsâ Igp-¯v em-¯n-IÄ¡n-S-bn sh¨-aÀ¯n. At±-l-¯nsâ I®p-IÄ Xpdn-¨p-t]m-bn. Ah-scÃmw AdÌp sN¿-s¸-«p. ]ns¶ Ipsd \mfp-IÄ Rm³ D¸p-\n-b-a-ew-L-\-¯n Xs¶-bm-bn-cp-¶p. As¶m¶pw Xe-tÈ-cn-bn D¸p \nb-a-ew-L-\-ap-m-bn-cp-¶n-Ã. A§ns\ Ccn-¡p-t¼m-gmWv I®q-cn \nb-a-ew-L-\-ap-s¶p a\-Ên-em-¡n-b-Xv.
s\«qcnÂ\n¶p I®q-cn-te¡v
I-®q-cn t]mIp-hm³ I¿n Imip-m-bn-cp-¶n-Ã. ho«n hnhcw ]d-bp-hm³ ]mSn-Ã. Ipªn- A-\-´-¡p-dp¸pw Rm\pw Hcp ¹m\n-«p. s\«q-cnÂ\n¶p I®q-cn-te¡pw Ahn-sS-\n¶p Xncn¨p s\«q-cn-te¡pw \S-¡p-I. B \S-¯-¯nsâ {]bm-k-s¯-¡p-dn-s¨m¶pw A¶p t\m«-ap-m-bn-cp-¶n-Ã. tIf-¸\pw Iq«p-ImÀ¡pw tImgn-t¡m-«p-\n¶p ]¿-¶q-cn-temfw \S¶p t]mIm-sa-¦n s\«q-cn \n¶p I®q-cn-te¡p t]mIp-¶-XmtWm A{X henb {]bmkw? s\«q-cn \n¶p I®q-cn-te-¡pÅ Zqcw 12 ssaem-Wv. R§Ä I®q-cn-te¡pw Ahn-sS-\n¶p aS-¡-bm-{X-bn FS-¡m-Sp-h-scbpw \S-s¶-¯n. FS-¡mSv sdbnÂsh-tÌ-jsâ ASp-s¯-¯p--t¼m-tgbv¡p kabw cm{Xn ]¯p-a-Wn-bm-bn-cp-¶p. At¸m-gpv Aѳ Ft¶bpw Xnc¡n sasà \S¶p hcp-¶p. I®q-cn t]m-bn-cp-¶p-sh¶ÃmsX FhnsS s]sb-s¶m¶pw AÑ-t\mSp ]d-bp-hm³ F\n¡p ss[cy-ap-m-bn-cp-¶n-Ã. F¦nepw Aѳ B Imcyw \Ã-t]mse Duln-¨n-cp-¶p. A[n-I-sam¶pw kwkm-cn-¡msX R§Ä ho«n Xncn-s¨-¯n. Ipªn A\-´-¡p-dp¸v At±-l-¯nsâ ho«n-te-¡p-t]m-bn. ]n¶o-SmWv AÑsâ {]l-cm-Zn-I-jmbw th-Xn-tesd Rm³ IpSn-t¡-n-h-¶-Xv.
GXm\pw Znh-k-§Ä Ign-ª-t¸mÄ Xe-tÈ-cn-bn D¸p-\n-b-a-ew-L\w \S-¡p-hm³ t]mIp-¶p-s¶p a\-Ên-em-bn. Xmsg-¡m-«p-a-\-bv¡Â lco-iz-c³ Xncp-ap-¼nsâ t\Xr-Xz-¯n-emWv AXp \S-¡p-hm³ t]mIp-¶-sX¶pw Rm³ [cn-¨n-cp-¶p. ]¿-¶q-cn-¶-¸p-d¯v Xmsg-¡m-«p-a\ F¶ t]cn Hcp henb {_mÒWKrl-aps¶pw AhnsS D®nIr-jvW³ Xncp-ap-¼v, lco-iz-c³ Xncp-ap-¼v, kp{_-Ò-Wy³ Xncp-ap¼v F¶n-§s\ aq¶p Xncp-ap-¼-·m-cp-s¶pw AhÀ aq¶p-t]cpw tIm¬{K-Êp-Im-cm-bn \nb-a-ew-L-\-¯n-\n-d-§n-bn-cn-¡p-I-bm-sW¶pw tI«-t¸mÄ F\n¡p BÝ-cyhpw BËm-Zhpw Df-hm-bn. Ah-cn lco-iz-c-\mWv D¸p-\n-baw ewLn-¡p-hm³ Xe-tÈ-cn¡p hcp-¶-Xv. \nÝ-bn¨ Xob-Xn-¡p-Xs¶ lco-iz-c³ Xn-cp-ap¼pw k¶-²-`-S-·mcpw Xe-tÈ-cn-bnse BkmZv IS-¸p-d-s¯-¯n. kXy{Klw ImWp-hm³ Im¯n-cp-¶-h-cpsS Iq«-¯n Rm\p-ap-m-bn-cp-¶p. lco-iz-c\pw Iq«p-Imcpw a¬I-e-§fp-ambn ISen-en-d§n D¸pshÅw tImcn-sb-Sp-¯v, IS-¸p-d¯p ASp-¸p-Iq-«n, AXn XoI-¯n¨v shÅw Ipdp-¡p-hm³ XpS-§n. shÅw Ipdp-¡n, Ipdp¡n HSp-hn a¬I-e-§Ä am{Xw Ah-ti-jn-¨p. AXnsâ DÅn shfp¯ Hcp km[\w ]mS-t]mse InS-¡p-¶p-m-bn-cp-¶p. B km[\w Npc-n-sb-Sp¯p IS-em-Ên C«p s]mXnªp Hcp ]m¡-äm-¡n-h-¨p. A§ns\ D¸p-shÅw Ipdp-¡nb ]m{X-§-fn-epÅ Ds¸Ãmw s]mXnªp ]m¡-äp-I-fm-¡n-sh-¨p. ]ns¶ s]mXp-tbm-K-am-bn. s]mXp-tbm-Ks¯ A`n-ap-Jo-I-cn¨p lco-iz-c³ {]kw-Kn-¨p. {]kw-K-¯n-\p-tijw kXym-{K-ln-IÄ X¿m-dm-¡nb D¸p- teew hnfn-¡p-hm³ XpS-§n. "kzmX{´y D¸v' þ "kzmX{´y D¸v' þ "kzcm-Py- D¸v' F¶v Xsâ I®p-IÄ Dcp-«n-s¡mv lco-iz-c³ teew hnfn¨ B hnfnbpw \nÂ]pw Fsâ a\-Ên ]¨-]n-Sn¨p \n¡p-¶p. lco-iz-c-s\-¡p-dn¨v F\n¡p aXn¸pw _lp-am-\hpw tXm¶n. (1941 se BKÌp hn¹-h-¯n lco-iz-c\pw Rm\pw Aen]qcw Pbn-en-ep-m-bn-cp-¶p. A¶p R§Ä kvt\ln-X-·m-cm-bn-cp¶p C¶-t±-l-an-Ã.) A¶p Btcbpw AdÌp sNbvXn-Ã. AXn-¶p-tijw Hcp tLmj-bm-{X-bmbn D¸p-m-¡nb ]m{X-§fpw Xe-bn sh¨p-sImv kXym-{K-ln-IÄ ap¼nepw Hcp henb P\-¡q«w ]n¼n-ep-ambn `Pm-dnÂIqSn ap{Zm-hm-Iy-§fpw Pb-hn-fn-I-fp-ambn R§Ä \S-¶p-t]m-bn. ]ntä-Zn-hkw {io.
FÂ.-F-kv. {]`p-hnsâ t\Xr-Xz-¯n-emWp \nb-a-ew-L\w \S-¶-Xv. A¶p Rm\pw \nb-a-ew-L-\-¯n ]s¦-Sp-¯p. Hcp a¬-N«n Rm\pw ssI¡-em¡n D¸p-shÅw Ipdp-¡p-hm³ XpS-§n. AXn-¶p-tijw a¬N-«nbpw Xe-bnÂsh¨p ap{Zm-hm-Iy-§Ä apg¡n tLmj-bm-{X-bmbn \K-c-{]-Z-£nWw \S-¯n. Ht¶m, ctm Znh-k-§Ä¡p--tijw \nb-a-ew-L\w \S-¯n-b-Xn\p FÂ.-F-kv. {]`p-hns\ Ad-Ìp-sN-bvXp. t]meo-Êp-Im-cpsS IW-¡nÂs¸-Sp-hm³ am{Xw {]m[m-\ytam {]mbtam CÃm-Xn-cp¶ Fs¶ Ad-Ìp-sN-bvXn-Ã. FÂ.-F-kv. {]`p-hns\ Hgn¨p thsd Btcbpw Ad-Ìp-sN-bvXn-cp-¶n-Ã. At±-ls¯ t]meo-kp-ImÀ t]meokvtÌj-\n sImp-t]m-bn-«p-s-¶-dnªp R§-sf-Ãm-hcpw Xe-tÈcn t]meokv tÌjsâ Npänepw \S¶p ap{Zm-hm-Iy-§Ä apg-¡n. Hcp hymg-h-«-¯n-\p-tijw Fs¶bpw Ad-Ìp-sNbvXp AtX t]meokvtÌ-j-\nÂs¡mp sN¶-t¸mÄ A¶pw hnZymÀ°n-IÄ tLmj-bm-{X-bmbn t]meokvtÌ-jsâ Npäpw \S¶p ap{Zm-hm-Iy-§Ä hn-fn¨p {]I-S\w \S-¯p-¶p-m-bn-cp-¶p. ]Xn-\mev sImÃ-§Ä¡p-ap¼v FÂ.-F-kv. {]`p \n¶n-cp¶ Øe-¯mWv Rm\n-t¸mÄ \n¡p-¶-sX¶p Rmt\mÀ¯p. A¶p FÂ.-F-kv. {]`p kzX-{´-\mbn Xe-tÈ-cn-bn Dm-bn-cp-¶p-sh-¦nepw Gsd-\m-fp-IÄ Ign-bp-¶-Xn-\p-ap¼v {_n-«ojv KhÀsaânsâ Hcp sUsä\yp XS-hp-Im-c-\mbn At±-ls¯ Aa-cm-hXn Pbn-en-te¡p sImp-t]m-Ip-I-bm-Wp-m-b-Xv. tcmKm-Xp-c-\mb At±-ls¯ hn«-b-¨p-sh-¦nepw Rm³ Pbn-en-em-bn-cp-¶-t¸mÄ B [oc-\mb ]S-bmfn \m«n Xncn-s¨¯n A[n-I-\mÄ Ign-bp-¶-Xn\pap¼p A´y-izmkw hen-¨p.
\nb-a-ew-L\w \S-¶p-sIm-n-cn-¡p-t¼m-gmWv F\n¡p tImtf-Pn tNtc-n-h-¶-Xv. XetÈcn Kh¬saâv {_®³ tImtf-Pn Rm³ Pq\n-bÀ CâÀao-Un-bäv ¢mÊn ]Tn-¨p-sIm-n-cp¶ Ah-k-c-¯n-emWv {io. kmap-hÂBtdms\ Ad-Ìp-sN-bvXXpw tIkv hnNm-c-Wbv¡p Xe-tÈ-cn¡p sImp-h-¶-Xpw. A¶v At±lw ]m¸n-\n-tÈ-cn-bnse Hcp henb Xp-Wn-an-Ãnsâ DS-a-bm-bn-cp-¶p. anÃp-S-abpw sXmgn-em-fn-Ifpw X½n C¶pÅ _Ô-am-bn-cp-¶nà A¶p-m-bn-cp-¶-Xv. anÃp-Sa X§-fpsS c£n-Xmhpw sXmgn-em-fn-IÄ At±-l-¯nsâ B{in-X-·m-cp-am-bn-cp-¶p. t]msc-¦n tIm¬{K-Êp-ambn _Ô-s¸-Sp-hm³ B{K-l-an-Ãm-Xn-cp¶ apX-em-fn-am-cnÂ\n¶p BZy-ambn HcmÄ cmPy-tk-h-\-¯n-¶n-d-§n-h¶ ImgvN-bmWp kmap-hÂBtdm-\n IqsS sXmgn-em-fn-Ifpw \m«p-Imcpw I-Xv.
Xe-tÈ-cn-bn tIkv hnNm-c-W-bp-s-¶-dnª sXmgn-em-fn-IÄ ]m¸n-\n-tÈ-cn-bnÂ\n¶p ImÂ\-S-bmbn XetÈ-cn¡p Xncn-¨p. ]Xn-s\-t«mfw ssa \S-¶mWv AhÀ Xe-tÈ-cn-bn F¯n-b-Xv. XpIvSn-km-bn-¸nsâ tImS-Xn-bn-emWv tIkv. tImS-Xn-¡p-ap-¼n ssaXm-\-am-Wv. AXn-\-¸p-d-¯mWv XetÈ-cn-bnse kp{]-kn-²-amb "HmhÀ s_dokv t^mfn'bpw IS-epw. t^mfn-bpsS Iogn Ingp-¡mw-Xq-¡-ambn InS-¡p¶ ]md-s¡-«p-Ifpw AXn-\-¸p-d¯p IS-ep-am-Wv.- sXmgnem-fn-Ifpw _lp-P\§-fp-ambn Ht«sd BfpIÄ ssaXm\n-bn-epw- ]cnkc-§-fn-epw- h¶p \nd-ªp. Hcp tai-ta tkmUm-Ip-¸n-IÄ \nc-¯n-h¨p HcmÄ ssaXm-\n-bn I¨-hSw \S-¯p-¶p-m-bn-cp¶p. tIkv hnNm-cW \S¯n tImSXn hn[n {]kvXm-hn-¨p. {io. kmap-h Btdm¬ in£n-¡-s¸-«p. At±-ls¯ t]meokv th\n-te¡p Ib-äp-hm³ t]mIp-t¼mÄ ssaXm-\n-bn-se¯n Im¯n-cp¶ sXmgn-em-fn-I-fpsS t]cn HcmÄ At±-l-¯n\p lmcmÀ¸Ww \S-¯p-hm³thn ame-bp-ambn apt¶m-«p-h-¶p.
in£n-¡-s¸« XS-hp-]p-Ån¡p ame-bn-Sp-hm³ Bscbpw A\p-h-Zn-¨p-Iq-sS¶ \ne-bn-em-bn-cp¶p t]meo-kv. ame-bn-Sp-hm-\pÅ ]cn-{i-as¯ t]meokv XS-ªp. Npcp-§n-b-tXm-Xn AhnsS Hcp D´pw XÅpw \S-¶p. t]meo-Êp-ImÀ em¯n-IÄ Npg-än. Bfp-IÄ HmSp-hm³ XpS-
§n. AXn-\n-S-bn tkmUm-Ip-¸n-IÄ \nd-¨p-sh¨ tai X«n Xmsg hoWp. tkmUm-Ip--¸n-IÄ s]m«n-s¯-d-¨p. shSn-h¸v \S-¡p-I-bm-sW¶v Bfp-IÄ sXän-²-cn-¨p. Ft§m-t«s¡-¶n-ÃmsX Bfp-IÄ \mep `mK-t¯¡pw HmSn-¯p-S-§n. ]ecpw sN¶v IS-en NmSn. C{X-bp-am-b-t¸mÄ CsXÃmw Ip-\n¶ Hcp sIm¦Wn {_mÒ-W\p Fs´-¦nepw sN¿msX \nhÀ¯n-bn-söp h¶p. At±lw D¨-¯n hnfn-¨p-]-d-ªp. "_cp-t¼m _c«v' F¶n«p kzcw-Xmgv¯n \mep-]mSpw Hcp t\m¡p-t\m¡n sasÃ. "\cn-am³ Io Pbv' F¶p hnfn-¨p-]-dªp Øew hn«p. sIm¦-Wn-amsc Ah-cpsS ss[cy-¡p-dhv Nqn aäp-Å-hÀ ]cn-l-kn-¡m-dp-v. Xe-tÈ-cn-bnse tZio-b-hm-Zn-I-fn AhÀ ap¼-·m-cm-bn-cp-¶p. {]tXy-In¨p Ah-cpsS CS-bn-epÅ FÂ.-F-kv. {]`p tIm¬{K-Ênsâ t\Xm-hm-bn-cp-¶-Xp-sIm-v. AXp-sIm-mWv hcp-t¼mse hcs« F¶ AÀ°-¯n ip²n-bn-Ãm¯ ae-bm-f-¯n "_cpw-t]m _c«v' F¶t±lw D¨-¯n BÀ¯p-hn-fn-¨-Xv. At±-l-¯nsâ ss[cy-an-ÃmbvabpsS kqN-\-bmWv ]ns¶ sasÃ-bpÅ "\cn-am³ Io Pbv' F¶ hnfn. A¶p \cn-am³ hfsc {]i-kvXn-bpÅ tIm¬{KÊv t\Xm-¡-·m-cn-sem-cm-fm-bn-cp-¶p. t]msc-¦n At±lw Xe-tÈ-cn-bn h¶p {]kw-Kn-¨p-t]m-bn«v \mfp-IÄ A[n-I-am-bn-cp¶n-Ã. A¶s¯ em¯n-NmÀÖn\pw shSn-sh-bv]n-\pw-tijw "_cpw-t¼m _c«v \cn-am³ Io Pbv' F¶ ap{Zm-hmIyw hnfn Xe-tÈ-cn-bn ]e-t¸mgpw tIÄ¡m-dp-Å-Xm-bn-cp-¶p. Cu kw`hw \S-¡p-t¼mÄ tImS-Xn-bnÂ\n¶p Hcp hnfn-¸m-S-Ise \ne-sIm-Åp¶ tImtf-Pnsâ sKbn-än-I-sfÃmw \Ã-t]mse _Ôn-¨n-cp-¶p. D¨bv¡p tImtfPv hn«p ]pd-¯n-d-§n-b-t¸m-gmWv R§Ä Cu hnh-c-§Ä Adn-ª-Xv. ssaXm-\¯v sN¶p t\m¡n. tkmUm-¡p-¸n-I-fpsS DS-ª-¡-j-W-§Äs¡mp tImS-Xn-bpsS ap³--hiw apgp-h³ \nd-ªn-cp-¶p.
Xmen-kw-`hw
B CS-bv¡mWv kp{]-kn-²-amb "Xmen-kw-`hw' Xe-tÈ-cn-bn \S-¶-Xv. \nb-a-ew-L-\-{]-Øm-\-¯n ]s¦-Sp-¡p¶-Xn¶v {ioaXn Ia-em-{]-`p-hns\({io. FÂ.-F-kv. {]`p-hnsâ `mcy)bpw aäp Nne kv{XoI-sfbpw Xe-tÈ-cn-bnÂsh¨v AdÌv sNbvXp. {]kn² `mjm-]-Þn-X-\m-bn-cp¶ tij-Kn-cn-{]-`p-hnsâ ]p{Xn-bm-bn-cp¶p AhÀ. Ahsc tIkv
hnNm-c-Wbv¡p tImS-Xn-bn lmP-cm-¡n. A¶s¯ PUvPn Xe-tÈ-cn-bn k_vI-e-IvSdpw H¶mw-¢mÊv aPn-kvt{Säp-am-bn-cp¶ Un. U»yq tUmUvsh F¶ Hcp sF.-kn. FÊv.-Im-c³ kmbn-¸m-bn-cp-¶p. {]Xn-I-fmcpw tIkv hmZn-¨n-cp-¶n-Ã. PUvPn AhÀ¡p in£-bmbn Bdp-am-ks¯ XShpw Bbncw Ddp-¸nI ]ngbpw hn[n-¨p. AhÀ ]ng-sIm-Sp-¯n-Ã. ]ng Ah-cnÂ\n¶p hkq-em-¡p-hm-\pÅ {ia-ambn ]n¶o-Sv. AXn-¶n-S-bn-emWv tUmUvsh kmbv¸v {ioaXn Ia-em-{]-`p-hnsâ Igp-¯nepw ssIbnepw aäp-ap-m-bn-cp¶ kzÀ®¯nsâ B`-c-W-§Ä I-Xv. AXv Agn¨v ]ng hkq-em-¡p-hm³ kmbv¸v IÂ]n-¨p. Bcpw AXp sN¿p-¶-Xmbn kmbv¸v In-Ã. At±lw Hcp t]meo-kp-Im-cs\ hnfn¨v {ioaXn Ia-em-{]-`p-hnsâ Igp-¯n-epÅ kzÀ®m-`-cWw Agn-s¨-Sp-¡p-hm³ IÂ]n-¨p. Imcyw C{X-bp-am-b-t¸mÄ {ioaXn {]`p-hn-sâ-IqsS Ad-Ìn-en-cp¶ {ioaXn tKmhn-µ³\-¼ymÀ Ah-cpsS ASp-¯p-sN¶v Xmen Agn-¨p-sIm-Sp-¯p. A§ns\ X¡mew tUmUvsh kmbv¸nsâ A`n-am\w c£n-¡-s¸-Sp-Ibpw A[n-Imcw \S-¯-s¸-Sp-Ibpw sNbvXp. ]s£ AXv "Xmen-kw-`-h-¯nsâ' Ah-km-\-s¯-bà Bcw-`-s¯-bmWv Ipdn-¨-Xv.
lnµp-kv{Xo-bpsS awK-ey-kq{Xw Adp-s¯-Sp-¸n-¨-Xn¶p {_n«o-jp-K-hÀs½-ân\v adp-]Sn ]d-tb \ne-bn-te¡p B kw`hw hfÀ¶p. {io. hn. ]n. \mcm-b--W³ \¼ymÀ A¶v aZn-cmin \nb-a-\nÀ½m-W-k-`-bnÂ- AwKambn-cp-¶p. At±lw \nb-a-k-`-bn B {]iv\w D¶-bn-¨p. Z£n-tW-´y-bnse kp{]-kn-²-\mb tIm¬{KÊv t\Xmhpw AXy-Öze hmÜn-bp-am-bn-cp¶ {io. Fkv. kXy-aqÀ¯n tI{µ-\n-b-a-\nÀ½m-W-k-`-bn B {]iv\w sImp-sN-¶p.
"Xmen-kw-`hw' C´y apgp-h³ apg-¡-§-fp--m-¡n. Imcyw AhnsS Ah-km-\n-¨n-Ã. {_n«o-jpv ]mÀe-saânepw lnµp-kv{Xo-bpsS awK-ey-kq{Xw Agn-s¨-Sp-¯-Xnsâ {]Xym-Lm-X-§Ä apg§n tI«p. Unþ-U-»yq. tUmUvsh Xncn-¨p-hn-fn-¡-s¸-«p. awK-ey-kq-{X-¯nsâ ta·tbm aX-]-c-amb {]m[m-\ytam a\-Ên-em-¡m³ Ign-bm-Xn-cp¶ sNdp-¸-¡m-c-\mb sF.-kn.-Fkv sh-Å-¡m-c\p ]än-t¸mb Hc-a-fn. awK-ey-kq-{X-¯n\p bmYm-Øn-X-I-cmb lnµp-¡Ä IÂ]n¨p ImWm-dpÅ al-Xz-¯n\p henb hne-sbm¶pw sImSp-¡m-Xn-cp¶ FÂ. Fkv. {]`p B kw`-h-¯nsâ cmjv{Sob {]m[m-\y-¯n AXoh kwXr-]vX-\m-sW¶p
teJ-I-t\mSp ]n¶o-sSm-cn-¡Â ]d-ªn-«p-v.
hS-Ic kt½-f\w
AXn-¶p-tijw D¸p-\n-b-a-ew-L-\-{]-Øm\w KmÔn-þ-CÀÆn³ kÔn-¡p-tijw \nÀ¯n-sh-bv¡-s¸-«p. tIm¬{KÊnsâ {i² hntZi hkv{X-_-ln-jv¡-c-W-§-fnepw aZy-hÀÖ-\-{]-t£m-`-W-§-fn-ep-am-bn, aZy-jm-¸p-I-fp-tSbpw hntZ-i-h-kv{X-jm-¸p-I-fp-sSbpw ap¼n [À½-`-S-·mÀ AWn-\n-c-¶p-\n¶p ]n¡-änwMv \S-¯n-s¡m-n-cp-¶p.
A-Xn-\n-S-bn-emWv 6þmw tIc-f-kw-Øm\ cmjv{Sob (tIm¬-{K-Êv) kt½-f\w hS-I-c-bnÂsh¨p \S-¯p-hm³ Xocp-am-\n-¡-s¸-«-Xv. kt½-f-\-¯n\p t]mIp-hm³ Rm³ Xocp-am-\n-¨p. B Xocp-am\w \S-¸n hcp-t¯ Imcy-¯n Nne Icp-\o-¡-§Ä Bcw-`n-¨p. hS-I-c-bnÂ\n¶p Xe-tÈ-cn-bnÂ-h¶p ]Tn-¡p¶ Fsâ Hcp kvt\ln-X-\m-bn-cp¶p Ipªn-i-¦-c³\-¼ymÀ. At±l-hp-ambn IqSn-bm-tem-Nn¨p AXn-¶p-th ]cn-]m-Sn-IÄ R§Ä Bkq-{XWw sNbvXp. hS-I-c-]-«-W-¯nsâ sX¡p-In-gt¡ AXnÀ¯n-bn InS-¶n-cp¶ Hcp s\¸m-S-am-bn-cp¶p kt½-f-\-Ø-ew. Ahn-sS-bmWv kwØm-\-cm-jv{So-bkt-½-f\w \S-¯p-hm-\pÅ henb ]´Â sI«n-bp-bÀ¯n-bn-cp-¶-Xv. kt½-f-\-Ø-e-¯nsâ t]À "\mcm-b-W-\-KÀ' F¶m-bn-cp-¶p. 1921-þ \S¶ ae-_mÀe-l-f-bn ]s¦-Sp-¯p-sh¶ Ipä-¯n-t·Â {_n«ojp cmPm-hn-s\-Xnsc bp²w sNbvXp-sh-¶pÅ Btcm-]Ww sh¨p-sI«n Poh-]-cy´w XS-hp-in£ A\p-`-hn-¡p¶ {io. Fw.-]n. \mcm-b-W-ta-t\msâ t]cmWv kt½-f-\-\-K-c-¯n¶p sImSp-¯-sX¶p ]n¶o-Sm-sW-\n¡p a\-Ên-em-b-Xv. At±lw A¶p Ft§m Pbn-en InS-¡p-I-bm-sW¶ Hcp t_m[ta F\n-¡p-m-bn-cp-¶p-Åq. PbnÂ]p-Ån-bpsS hkv{X-§Ä AWnªpsImpÅ At±-l-¯nsâ Hcp henb Nn{Xw kt½-f\]--´-ensâ Hcp XqWn Xq§p-¶p-m-bn-cp-¶p. [oc-\mb B tZim-`n-am-\n-sb-¡p-dn-¨p tImcn-¯-cn-¸n-¡p¶ Nn´-I-fm-sW-¶n-ep-bÀ¶-Xv. A©m-dp-sIm-Ã-§Ä¡p-tijw Rm³ a{Zmkv {InkvXy³ tImtf-Pn hnZymÀ°n-bm-bn-cp-¶-t¸m-gmWv At±-ls¯ Pbn-enÂ\n¶p hn«-b-¨-Xv. A¶s¯ R§-fpsS tImtfPv {]n³kn-¸mÄ tUmIvSÀ F.-Pn. t^m¤v F¶ shÅ-¡m-c\p {io. Fw.-]n. \mcm-b-W-ta-t\m-s\-¡p-dn¨p henb aXn¸pw At±-l-¯n-t\mSp kvt\l-hp-am-bn-cp-¶-Xp-sImp
shÃq-cnÂ\n¶p hntam-Nn-X-\mbn ]pd-¯n-d-§nb DSs\ At±lw aZn-cm-in-bn hcn-Ibpw tUmIvSÀ tlm¤-nsâbpw anÊnÊv tlm¤n-sâbpw AXn-Yn-I-fmbn At±lhpw `mcybpw Xma-kn-¡p-Ibpw sNbvXn-«p-v. tUmIvSÀ tlm¤nsâ _w¥m-hnÂsh¨p At±-ls¯ t\cn-«p-Im-Wp-hm³ CS-h-¶Xpw At±-l-¯nsâ IqsS Ccp¶p Ahn-sS-h¨p Nmb IpSn-¨Xpw F\n¡v Pohn-X-¯nse Hcp alm-`m-Ky-ambn A¶p tXm¶n-bn-cp-¶p. ]n¶oSv \m«nÂh¨p At±-l-t¯m-sSm¸w Hcp s]mXp-tbm-K-¯n {]mkw-Kn-I-\mbn kw_-Ôn-¡p-hm\pw F\n-s¡m-c-h-kcw e`n-¡p-I-bp-m-bn.
"Fw.-]n. \mcm-b-W-ta-t\m³ Fhn-sS?' F¶m-bn-cp¶p At±-l-¯nsâ Nn{X-¯nsâ NphsS Fgp-Xn-bn-cp-¶-Xv. asämcp Nn{Xhpw A¶v AhnsS k¶n-ln-X-cmb FÃm-h-cp-tSbpw {i² BIÀjn-¡p-¶p-m-bn-cp-¶p. Hcp Xoh-n-ap-dn-bpsS Nn{X-am-bn-cp¶p AXv. apdn-bnÂ\n¶p a\p-jy-i-h-§Ä Hs¶m-¶mbn t¹ävt^m-an-tebv¡p XÅn-bn-Sp-¶-Xnsâ Nn{Xw. AXnsâ Nph-«n "1921-þse ac-W-h-nsb ad-¡mtam' F¶m-bn-cp¶p Fgp-Xn-bn-cp-¶-Xv. F´mWp Cu ac-W-hn? At\z-jn-¨mWv Rm³ B hnhcw a\-Ên-em-¡n-b-Xv. el-f-¡m-sc¶p ap{Z-Ip-¯nb Ht«sd am¸n-f-amsc t]meoÊpw ]«m-fhpw IqSn ]nSn-IqSn XncqÀ¡p sImp-h-¶p. Ahn-sS-h¨v Hcp KpUvkvhm-K-Wn Ah-sc-sbÃmw Ip¯n-\n-d-¨v, hmXn-ep-I-sf-Ãmw- _-Ôn-¨p. hmK¬ Xoh-n-bn LSn-¸n¨v, hn-hn-«p. Fcn-s]mcn k©m-cw-sIm am¸n-f-amÀ IpSn-¡p-hm³ shÅ-¯n-\p-thn BÀ¯p-hn-fn-¨p. hn Fhn-tSbpw \nÀ¯n-bn-Ã. tImb-¼-¯q-cn-se¯n el-f-¡msc ]pd-¯n-d-¡p-hm³ thn hn Xpd-¶-t¸mÄ AXn-en-«-S-¨n-cp¶ sXm®q-dp-t]-cn ]¯n-cp-]Xp t]scm-gn¨p _m¡n-bpÅhscÃmw acn-¨p-I-gn-ªn-cp-¶p. Adp-]-¯n-\m-ep-t]-cmWv A¶p ac-W-a-S-ª-Xv. acWsh{]mfw sImp At\ym\yw ISn-¨pw, ImÀ¶pw, càwIpSn¨pw hnbÀ¸p-\-¡nbpw sImm-W-hÀ ac-W--a-S-ª-Xv. AXp-sIm-mWv "1921-þse ac-W-h-nsb ad-¡mtam' F¶p Nn{X-¯n\p NphsS Fgp-Xn-h-¨n-«p-Å-Xv. 1921 \hw-_À 30-þmw Xob-Xn-bmWv Ip{]-kn-²-amb B hmK¬{Sm-PUn Dm-b-Xv.
tZiv {]n-b-sk³Kp]vX
tZiv {]nb-sk³Kp-]vX-bm-bn-cp¶p A¶s¯ {][m\ kt½-f-\-¯nse A²y-£³. At±lw A¶p I¡¯m tImÀ¸-td-j³ tab-dm-bn-cp-¶p. hnZymÀ°n tIm¬{K-Ênsâ A²y-£³ t_mws_-bnse {]kn² A`n-`m-j-I\pw tIm¬{KÊv t\Xm-hp-am-bn-cp¶ sI.-F-^v. \cn-am³. At±lw A¶p t_mws_ tab-dp-am-bn-cp¶p. asämcp kt½-f-\m-²y-£³ B{Ô-tI-kcn Sn. {]Im-iv, bp. tKm]m-e-ta-t\m³, apl-½Zv A_vZp-d-ln-am³, sI. tIf-¸³, sI. am[-h³\m-bÀ, F¨v. a©p-\m-Y-dm-hp, F¶n-§s\ tIc-f-¯n AXn-¶p-Ån t]À tI«n-cp¶ FÃm t\Xm-¡-·mcpw {]hÀ¯-I-·mcpw kt½-f-\-¯n-ep-m-bn-cp-¶p.
sk³Kp-]vX-bpsS A²y-£-{]-kwKw kt½-f-\s¯ tImcn-¯-cn-¸n-¨p. kacw Ah-km-\n-¨n-«n-söpw IqSp-X ià-amb ka-c-¯n\p X¿m-dm-Iphm-\p-amWv At±lw ]d-ª-Xv, A{Xbpw Kw`o-chpw KwKm-{]-hmlwt]mse Ip¯n Hen-¨-Xp-amb Hcp hmKvhnemkw Rm³ AXn-\p-ap¼p tI«n-cp-¶n-Ã. tIm¬{K-Ên F\n-¡p-m-bn-cp¶ hnizmkw H¶p-IqSn Du«n Dd-¸n-¡p-hm³ At±-l-¯nsâ B DÖze {]`m-jWw k-lm-bn-¨p.
hS-I-c-k-t½-f\w Ign-ª-Xn-¶p-tijw At±lw Xe-tÈ-cn-bnepw h¶p {]kw-Kn-¨p. ssaXm-\-¯n-¶-Sp¯v kn\n-am-\-S-¯m-dp-m-bn-cp¶ Hcp lmfn h¨m-bn-cp¶p {]kw-Kw. tIm¬{K-Ên\p ^p-m-¡p-hm³thn {]kw-K-¯n¶p Sn¡-äp-sh-¨n-cp-¶p. B k{¼-Zm-b-t¯mSp F\n¡p FXnÀ¸p-m-bn-cp-¶p-sh-¦nepw sk³Kp-]vX-bpsS Xe-tÈcn {]kwKw tIÄ¡m-Xn-cn-¡p-hm³ \nhr-¯n-bn-Ãm-Xn-cp-¶-Xp-sImp c-W-sIm-Sp-¯p. Rm\pw Hcp Sn¡äp hm§n-bn-«mWv tlmfn IS-¶-Xv. knwl-KÀÖ-\w-t]m-epÅ A-t±-l-¯nsâ B {]kwKw hfsc \mfp-IÄ Fsâ Nn-´-Isf aYn-¨p-sIm-n-cp-¶p.
kzman B\-µvXoÀ°v
B Ime-¯mWv Rm³ cmjv{S-`m-j-bmb lnµn ]Tn-¡p-hm³ XpS-§n-b-Xv. thZm-c-Wy-¯nÂsh¨p cmP-tKm-]m-em-Nm-cn-bpsS t\Xr-Xz-¯n \S¶ D¸p-\n-b-a-ew-L-\-{]-Øm-\-¯n ]s¦-Sp¯p kztZ-i-amb Xe-tÈ-cn-bn Xncn-s¨-¯nb kzman B\µvXoÀ°v (A-\-´-tj-Wm-bn) tIm¬{KÊv B^o-ÊnÂsh¨v lnµn ¢mÊv \S-¯p-¶p-m-bn-cp-¶p. Xe-tÈcn Xpd-ap-Js¯ Hcp-bÀ¶ Kh¬saâp-tZym-K-Øsâ aI\pw Fw. F. _ncp-Z-[m-cn-bp-amb A\-´-tj-Wmbn AXn-\p-ap-¼p-Xs¶ {io\m-cm-b-W-in-jy-\mbn k\ymkw kzoI-cn-¨p-I-gn-ªn-cp-¶p. k\ymkn \S-¯p¶ ¢mÊn Rm\pw Hcp hnZymÀ°n-bmbn tNÀ¶p. At±lw lnµn-bnepw Xan-gnepw ae-bm-f-¯n-ep-apÅ Ht«sd tZio-b-Km-\-§Ä R§sf ]Tn-¸n-¨p.
"Qm DuwNm ctl lamcm
hnPbo hniz Xnc¦m ]ymcm.'
F¶p XpS§n lnµn-bn-epÅ ]Xm-Im-h-µ-\hpw
"t]mcm t]mcm \mfn \mfnÂ
ZqcZqcapbc-s«.
`mc-Xjvam-tZ-hn-bpsS Xr¸-Xm-I-IÄ.'
F¶p XpS-§p¶ alm-Ihn hÅ-t¯m-fnsâ ]Xm-Im-Km\hpw Rm³ BZyw tI«Xpw ]Tn-¨Xpw AhnsS h¨m-bn-cp-¶p. kzman-bpsS t\Xr-Xz-¯n "hm\-c-tk\' F¶ t]cn Hcp _me-kwLw {]hÀ¯n-¨p-sIm-n-cp-¶p. Ah-cpsS tPmen-IÄ tIm¬{KÊv s]mXp-tbm-K-§Ä \S-¡p-¶n-S¯p Im¡n-\n-d-¯n-epÅ tjm«vkpw jÀ«pw [cn¨p lmP-cm-hp-I-sb-¶p-Å-Xm-Wv. B hm\-c-tk-\-bnse AwK-§-f-[nIw t]cpw kzman-bpsS k-apZmb-¯nÂ-s¸« sIm¦nWn {_mÒ-W-cm-bn-cp-¶p. sIm¦n-Wn-IÄ Iq«w tNÀ¶v ASp-¯-Sp¯ hoSp-I-fn ]mÀ¯n-cp-¶-Xp-sImv Ahsc kwL-Sn-¸n-¡p-hm³ Ffp-¸-am-bn-cp-¶p. tIm¬{K-Ên-s\-¸-änbpw KmÔn-Pn-sb-¸-änbpw cmjv{So-b-kw-`-h-§-sf-¡p-dn¨pw kzmanPn A¶p R§-sfbpw hm\-c-tk-\-tbbpw ]Tn-¸n-¨p-sIm-n-cp-¶p. kp{]-kn² lcn-P-\-tk-h-I-\mbn C¶v tIc-f-¡-c-bn-e-dn-b-s¸-Sp¶ kzman B\-µ-XoÀ°v Xs¶-bmWp R-§-fpsS A¶s¯ kzman.
s\lvdp-hns\ ImWm³
]Þnäv Ph-lÀemÂs\-lvdphpw At±-l-¯nsâ `mcy Iaem s\lvdphpw aIÄ Cµn-c-bpw-IqSn tImgn-t¡mSv kµÀin-¡p-hm³ t]mIp-¶p-sh-¶pÅ hmÀ¯ ]{X-§-fn h¶p. tIm¬{K-Ênsâ kap-¶X t\Xm-¡-·m-cn-sem-cmfpw tam¯n-em s\lvdp-hnsâ aI\pw bph-`m-c-X-¯nsâ lrZ-b-¯p-Sn-¸p-amb B alms\ ImWm-Xn-cn-¡p-hm-s\m-¡p-I-bn-Ã. F¶m ImWp-¶-sX-§s\? At±lw hcp-¶Xv tImgn-t¡m-«m-Wv. Xe-tÈ-cn-¡-Ã. XetÈcn t]mepÅ sNdnb Øe-§-fn-sem¶pw At±lw hcn-I-bn-Ã. tImgn-t¡m-t«¡p Xe-tÈ-cn-bnÂ\n¶v \mÂ]-¯n-aq¶p \mgnI Zqc-ap-v. Ahn-tS¡v t]mtI-Xv Xoh-n-bn-em-Wv. AhnsS t]mbm FhnsS Xma-kn¡pw? ho«n ]d-bmsX F-§ns\ t]mIpw? hn-¡q-en-¡pÅ ]Ww Bcp Xcpw? ]ns¶ `£-W-¯n\p Imip tht? \me©p Znh-k-§Ä Rm³ Xe-]p-I-ªm-tem-Nn-¨p.
GÀWÌv ssa¡Ä A¶p CâÀao-Un-bäv ]co-£-bn tXmäp cmjv{So-b-{]-hÀ¯-\-§-fpsS NqSn lmen-f-In-\n¡p-I-bm-bn-cp-¶p. At±lw Fsâ kplr¯pw t\Xm-hp-am-Wv. R§Ä ASp¯ hoSp-I-fn Xma-kn-¡p-¶-h-cp-am-Wv. "s\lvdp' F¶mWv At±-ls¯ Xam-i-bm¡n ]ecpw hnfn-¡m-dv.
s\«q-cnse s\lvdphpw Rm\pw-IqSn Nne ]²-Xn-IÄ Btem-Nn-¨p-sh-¨p. At±lw ]e-Ipdn tImgn-t¡m«v t]mbn-«pÅ Bfm-Wv. tImgn-t¡ms« {]-[m-\-Ø-e-§-sfÃmw At±--l-¯n-\-dn-bmw. Sn¡-äp-IÄ taSn-¡m³ I¿n Imin-sÃ-¦n th. B]-¯p-I-sfm-¶pw-Iq-SmsX At±lw Fs¶ sImp-t]m-Im-sa¶v Gäp. Fsâ sNe-hp-I-sfÃmw GÀWÌp hln-¡m-sa-t¶-än-«p-s¶pw F\n¡v tImgn-t¡mSv ImWp-hm³ AXn-bmb taml-ap-s¶pw ]dªp ho«nÂ\n¶p Hcp hn[-¯n A\p-hmZw hm§n. Hmtcm Ddp-¸nI R-§-fpsS I¿n-ep-m-bn-cp-¶p. henb anSp-¡-·m-sc-t¸mse GÀWÌpw Rm\pw Xoh-n-bn¡-bdn tImgn-t¡m-t«¡p bm{X Xncn-¨p. aq¶mw ¢mÊn-emWv R§Ä Ib-dn-b-Xv. aäp ¢mÊp-IÄ Dst¶m CsÃt¶m F\n¡v t_m²y-ap-m-bn-cp-¶n-Ã. GÀW-Ìns\ Rm³ A£-cw-{]Xn A\p-k-cn-¨-Xp-sImv Sn¡äp ]cn-tim-[-I³am-cpsS ]nSn-bnÂs¸-SmsX tImgn-t¡m-s«-¯p-Ibpw tÌj-\nÂ\n¶p kq{X-¯n ]pd-¯p-I-S-¡p-Ibpw sNbvXp. s\lvdp-hnsâ BK-a-\-s¯-¡p-dn¨v At\z-jn-¨-t¸mÄ At±lw A¶v tImgn-t¡m-s«-¯p-¶n-söpw ]nsä--Zn-hkw am{Xsa hcn-I-bp-Åq-sh¶pw a\-Ên-em-bn.
cp cq]-bp-ambn tImgn-t¡m«v hn Cd-§nb R§sf´p sN¿pw? Ph-lÀemÂs\-lvdp-hns\ ImWmsX Xncn-¨p-t]m-Ip-hm-s\m-¡p-I-bn-Ã. t]msc-¦n tImgn-t¡m«v hsc Sn¡-än-ÃmsX h¶n«p s\lvdp-hns\ ImWmsX Xncn-¨p-t]m-tI-n-h-cnI F¶p-ÅXp HmÀ¡p-hm³ t]mepw h¿. ]«nWn thW-sa-¦n InS-¡mw. Fhn-sS-sb-¦nepw hoWp-d-§p-Ibpw sN¿mw. s\lvdp-hns\ ImWmsX Xe-tÈ-cn¡p aS-§p-I-bn-Ã. I¿nep-m-bn-cp¶ cp cq]m-bn \n¶p Npcp-§nb tXmXn At¶¡p Bh-iy-am-bn-cp¶ `£Ww Ign-¨p. R§Ä am\m-©n-d-bpsS ]S-hp-I-fn sN¶n-cp-¶p. B Ime¯p AhnsS SmtKmÀ ]mÀt¡m Imh¡mtcm Dm-bn-cp-¶n-Ã. Dd¡w h¶-t¸mÄ Ipf-¯nsâ ]S-hp-I-fn InS-¶p-d-§p-Ibpw sNbvXp. ]nsä-Zn-hkw DWÀ¶p Hcp-X-c-¯nÂ
tZl-ip-²n-sbÃmw hcp¯n s\lvdp-hn-s\-¡m-Wm³ sdbnÂth tÌj-\n-te¡p t]mbn. At¸mÄ ag-bp-m-bn-cp-¶p. R§Ä tÌj\p ]pd-¯p, s\lvdphpw Ip-Spw-_hpw ]pd-¯n-d-§p-¶Xpw Im¯n-cn-¸m-bn. Ht«sd Bfp-IÄ A§ns\ AhnsS Im¯p-\n¡p-¶p-m-bn-cp-¶p.
hn h¶p. Ph-lÀemÂs\-lvdphpw `mcy Ia-em-s\-lvdphpw sIm¨p-Ip-«n-bmb Cµn-c-bpw-IqSn ]pd-¯p-h-¶p. aq¶p-t]-scbpw R§Ä Ip. Ah-sc-Ãm-hcpw Hcp Imdn Ibdn Ccp-¶p. At¸m-tg¡p ag-bpsS ImTn\yw Ipdªn-cp¶p. tLmj-bm{X ]pd-s¸-«p. Imdnsâ aUvKm-Un Ib-dn\n¶ bp. tKm]m-e-ta-t\m³ P-\-¡q-«s¯ \nb-{´n-¡p-I-bm-bn-cp-¶p. ]Þnäv Ph-lÀem s\lvdphpw ssI Imdnsâ ]pd-¯n-«p-sImv Bfp-I-tfmSp t]mIp-hm\pw hgn-am-dn-s¡m-Sp-¡p-hm\pw At]-£n-¡p-I-bm-bn-cp-¶p. s]s«¶v F\n-s¡mcp `qtXm-Z-b-ap-m-bn. s\lvdp-hns\ Fsâ ssIsImv H¶p sXmS-Ww. At±lw Xsâ ssI Imdn¶p ]pd-¯n-Sp¶ X¡w-t\m¡n AXn-¶-Sps¯-¯n H¶p B ssI IS¶p ]nSn-¡-Ww. Rm³ BÄ¡q-«-¯nÂ\n¶p Bfp-Isf XÅn-amän Hcp-hn-[-¯n Imdn-¶-Sp-s¯-¯n. At±lw Bfp-I-tfmSp amdn-\n¡p-hm³ hopw I¿mwKyw ImWn-¡p-hm³thn ssI ]pd-¯n-«p. Rm³ sasà Bcpw {i²n-¡m¯ Xc-¯n B ssI H¶p IS-¶p-]n-Sn-¨p. DSs\ hnSp-Ibpw sNbvXp. tLmj-bm{X apt¶m«p \o§n. AsX-hn-sStbm sN¶v Ah-km-\n-¡p-Ibpw sNbvXp.
IrjvW-¸n-Å-bpsS ssk¡nÄ
s\lvdp-hnsâ A¶s¯ tImgn-t¡mSv kµÀi-\-¯n-\nSbnemWv B kw`-h-ap-m-b-Xv. tLmj-bm{X \o§n-s¡m-n-cp-¶-Xn-\n-S-bn s\lvdp sasà ImdnÂ-\n¶p ]pd-¯n-d-§n. Ipd-¨p-Zqcw tdmUnÂIqSn \S-¶p. ssk¡nÄ Dcp-«n-s¡mv Hcp kvt\ln-X³ tdmUn IqSn \S¡p-I-bm-bn-cp-¶p. s\lvdp Abm-tfmSv ssk¡nÄ tNmZn-¨p. AbmÄ sImSp-¡p-Ibpw sNbvXp. s\lvdp ssk¡n-fn Ibdn tImgn-t¡m«v \nc-¯nÂIqSn Hscmä Hm«w. ]mhw s\lvdp-hn-\ptm tImgn-t¡ms« \nc-¯p-I-f-dn-bp-¶p. Hcp tdmUp PwKvj³hsc At±lw ssk¡ntfmSn-¨n-cn-¡pw. ]ns¶ Cd§n ssk¡nfpw ]nSn-¨-hnsS \n¶p. ssk¡nÄ Bcp-tS-Xm-bn-cp-¶p-sht¶m? {io. ]n. IrjvW-¸n-Å-bp-tS-Xv. A¶v tIm¬{KÊv hmf-n-bdpw ]n¶oSv C´y³ I½yq-WnÌv ]mÀ«n-bpsS
tIc-f-imJm kwLm-S-I-\p-amb kJmhv ]n. IrjvW-]n-Å-bp-tS-Xv. At±lw s\lvdp-hnÂ\n-¶v ssk¡nÄ Gäp-hm-§n.
s\lvdphpw IpSpw-_hpw kntem¬ kµÀi-\mÀ°w sImf-¼n t]mbn-«mWv Ct¸mÄ tImgn-t¡m-s«-¯n-bn-cn-¡p-¶-Xv. kntem-WnÂ\n¶p hcp-¶-hgn AhÀ Xncp-h-\-´-]p-c¯pw t]mbn-cp-¶p. A¶p Xncp-hn-Xmw-Iq-dnse `c-Wm-[n-Imcn tkXp-e-£van-`mbv F¶v t]cpÅ doPâv alm-dmWn Bbn-cp-¶p. B]¡m-cn-bm-sW¶ AhÀ t\cs¯ tI«n-cp¶ Ph-lÀem s\lvdp tIm«-¡p-Ån IS-¶m B]-¯p-m-Ip-sa-¶-hÀ a\-Ên-em-¡n. tIm«-hm-Xn-ep-I-sfÃmw _Ôn-¨p. AhÀ ]«m-f-s¯-sIm-p-h-¶p. tIm«bv¡p Imh-en-cp-¯n. s\lvdp tIm«bv¡p ap¼n-se-¯n-b-t¸mÄ hmXn-ep-IÄ _-Ôn-¨n-cn-¡p-¶Xpw ]«mfw ImhÂ\n¡p-¶-Xp-amWv I-Xv.
At±-l-sam¶p Nncn-¨p. "Fsâ Cu kµÀi\w Hcp kzImcy kµÀi-\-am-Wv. cmjv{Sob {]m[m\yw Cu kµÀi-\-¯n-\p-m-bn-cp-¶p-sh-¦n Rm³ tIm«-bn IS-¡p-hm³ {ian-¡p-am-bn-cp-¶p. Hcp-]s£ AXn-\n-S-bn ASn-sImtm shSn-sImtm acn-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-am-bn-cp-¶p. AXn-Ãm-¯-Xp-sImv Rm³ thsd hgn¡p t]mhp-¶p.' F¶p ]d-ªpv At±lw tIm«-bn IS-¡p-hm³ {ian-¡msX thsd hgn-¡p-t]m-bn. AXn-\p-tijw XrÈq-cn \n¶mWv At±lw tImgn-t¡m-s«-¯n-bn-cn-¡p-¶-Xv. C¶v sshIp-t¶cw At±lw tImgn-t¡m«p {]kw-Kn-¡p-¶p-v. ]s£ B {]kwKw tIÄ¡p-hm³ R§Ä¡p Ign-bptam? F§ns\ I-gn-bp-hm-\mWv I¿n Ccn-¡p¶ Imsi-{X-bm-Wv. Bsfm-¶p¡v IjvSn¨v F«-W-tbmfw hcpw. {]kwKw Ign-ªm ]ns¶ Xe-tÈ-cn¡p hn-bn-Ã. am\m-©n-d-bpsS I¸-S-hp-IÄ Hcp Znhkw IqSn i¿m-X-e-am-¡p-hm³ R§Ä¡p \nhr-¯n-bn-Ã. a\-an-Ãm-a-\-tÊmsS R§Ä Xoh-n-bm-¸o--kn-tebv¡p Xncn-¨p. h¶-Xp-t]mse Sn¡-äp-I-fn-ÃmsX R§Ä Xe-tÈ-cn-bn-se-¯p-Ibpw B hnhcw Bcp-tSbpw {i²-bn s]Sp-hm-\-\p-h-Zn-¡msX R-§Ä tÌjsâ ]pd-¯p-I-S-¡p-Ibpw sNbvXp.
awK-em-]p-c-t¯¡v
Sn¡-än-ÃmsX tImgn-t¡m-«p-t]mbn Xncn-¨p-h¶ Imcyw A¯-c-¯n Hcp ]co-£-Ww-IqSn \S-¯p-hm³ F\n¡p henb t{]mÕm-
l\w \ÂIn. awK-em-]pcw (Mangalore) Rm³ In-«n-Ã. ImtW \K-c-am-sW¶p tI«n-«p-v. Chn-Sps¯ `mj-sbm-¶p-aà Ahn-sS, tIm¬{KÊv {]hÀ¯-\-§Ä sImSp-¼n-cn-sIm {]tZ-i-am-W-Xv. H¶-hn-Sw-h-sc-t]mbn Xncn-¨p-h-¶m-se´m? Fsâ kvt\ln-X³ lcn-Zm-kn-t\mSp Rm³ Imcyw ]d-ªp. awK-em-]p-c¯p Hcp sImÃw ]Tn-¨n-«pÅ BfmWv lcn-Zmkv. At±lw AXn¶p k½-Xn-¨p. ]ns¶ Ip-ª-\-´-¡p-dp¸pw IrjvW-]-Wn-¡-cpw, R§-fpsS t\Xm-hmbn lcn-Zm-kns\ R§Ä \nÝ-bn-¨p. Xe-tÈ-cn-bnÂ\n¶p A§s\ \mep hnZymÀ°n-IÄ Sn¡-äp-I-fn-ÃmsX Xoh-n-bn Ibdn hS-t¡m«p bm{X-Xn-cn-¨p. hn I®q-cn-se-¯n-\n-¶p. I®q-cn-sem-¶n-d§n \S¶p Im-se´m? sshIp-t¶-cs¯ hn¡p bm{X XpS-cp-Ibpw sN¿mw. lcn-Zm-knsâ t\Xr-Xz-¯n R§Ä hn Cd-§n. At±lw ImWn-¨p-X¶ hgn-I-fnÂIqSn t]mbn A]-I-S-§-sfm¶pw IqSmsX ]pd¯p IS-¶p. I®q-cnse t]mÀ¯p-Ko-Êp-tIm-«bpw IS-¸p-d-hp-saÃmw \S-¶p-t\m-¡n, R§Ä tÌj-\n-se¯n hopw Hcp hn-bn Ib-dn. A-©c-a-Wn-bm-b-t¸mÄ hn \o§n-¯p-S-§n. AXn\p ap¼p lcn-ZmÊv Hgn¨v aämcpw In-«n-Ãm¯ hgn-I-fnÂIq-Sn-bmWv hn HmSp-¶-Xv. ]mk©À hn-bm-b-Xp-sImv FÃm tÌj-\nepw \n¡p-¶p-v. hf]-«Ww ]me-¯n-t·Â hn Ib-dn-b-t¸mÄ R-§-sf-Ãm-hcpw AÛp-X-s¸-«p. AXv F{X henb Hcp ]mehpw AXnsâ Nph-«n F{X henb Hcp \Zn-bp-am-Wp-Å-Xv. "Cu ]pg Ip \n§Ä C{X AÛp-X-s¸-«m C\n t\{Xm-hXn IS-¡p-t¼mÄ \n§-fpsS AÛp-X-¯n-¶-Xn-cp-m-hp-I-bn-Ã-tÃm. Cu ]pg-bpsS aq¶n-c«n hen-¸-apÅ \Zn-bmWv DÅm-fn\pw awK-em-]p-c-¯n-¶p-an-S-bn-ep-Å-Xv.' R§-fpsS hnZ-Kv²-\mb t\Xm-hnsâ hm¡p-I-fm-W-h.
t\cw Ccp-«n. hn-bn-ep-m-bn-cp¶p Bfp-I-fpsS F®w Hmtcm tÌj-\n-se-¯p-t¼mgpw Ipd-ªp-sImtbncp-¶p. A§ns\ 71/2 aWn¡p R§Ä ]¿-¶q-cn-se-¯n. AhnsS F¯n-b-Xn-\p-ti-jta B hn AhnsS Ah-km-\n-¡p-I-bm-sW¶p a\-Ên-em-bp-Åq. B hn C\n awK-em-]p-c-t¯-¡n-Ã. FÃm-hcpw hn-bnÂ\n¶pw Cd-§n-¡-gn-ªp. R§fpw Cd-§n. Ft§m-«mWv \S-t¡--sX¶p \nÝ-b-an-Ã. hnZ-Kv²-\mb lcn-Zm-kn-\p-t]mepw ]¿-¶q-cn sshZ-Kv²y-an-Ã. R§Ä t\sc sXt¡m-t«¡p \S-¶p. kná-en-¶-Sp-s¯-¯n-b-t¸m-gpv Btcm
HcmÄ R§sf hnfn-¡p-¶p. sasà H¶p Xncn-ªp-t\m-¡n-b-t¸mÄ hnfn-¡p-¶Xp R§sf Xs¶ F¶p a\-Ên-em-bn. s\©n-Sn¸p XpS-§n. sasà sasà \S¶p tÌj³ t¹äp-t^m-d-¯n-se-¯n. tÌj³am-Ì-dpv R§tfmSp Sn¡äv tNmZn-¡p-¶p. R§Ä hn-¡p-h-¶-h-sc-söp lcn-Zmkv ]d-ªp. At±-l-amWv R§-fpsS t\Xm-hv. Hmtcm kµÀ`-¯n-\-\p-k-cn¨p ]d-tb--sXÃmw At±lw ]d-ªp-sIm-Åpw. "\n§Ä hn-bn \n¶p Cd-§p-¶Xp Rm³ ItÃm' F¶mbn tÌj³am-ÌÀ. "G, R§Ä hn-bn h¶nt« CÃ. shdpsX tÌj-\n h¶-Xm-Wv.' "Fhn-sS-bmWp \n§-fpsS hoSv' "AXm B hgn¡p A-t§m«p t]mI-Ww.' R§Ä s]mbvs¡m-n-cn--¡p¶ hgn Nqn R§Ä ]d-ªp. "F¶mepw ]d-bn³, F´m-Wm-Ø-e-¯nsâ t]cv' R§Ä¡ptm ]¿-¶q-cnse Øe-§-fpsS t]cp-I-f-dn-bp¶p? tÌj³am-ÌÀ Nncn-¨p. "t]ms« a¡sf \n§-fpsS hnZy-I-sfÃmw t]ms«, AhnsS ]pe-b-c-ÃmsX aämcpw Xma-kn-¡p-¶n-Ã. \n§-fm-sc-¦nepw ]pe-b-cm-sW¶p tXm¶p-¶p-an-Ã. \n§sf Im \à IpSpw-_-¯n P\n-¨-h-cm-sW¶p tXm¶p-¶p. AXp-sImv \n§Ä Ifhp ]dªp c£-s¸-Sp-hm³ t\m¡-m. \n§-tf-Xm-bmepw hn-¡p-h¶ \n§sf Rm³ hnSp-¶p. FÃm-hcpw JZÀ XpWn-I-fmWv [cn-¨n-cn-¡p-¶-Xpw. ]¿-¶qÀ SuWn-te¡p t]mtI-Xv Cu hgn-¡m-Wv. _Êp-I-sfÃmw t]mbv¡-gn-ª-Xp-sImv C\n \n§Ä Npcp-§n-bXv cp ssa \S-¡Ww F¶m \n§Ä¡p ]¿-¶qÀ _Pm-dn-se-¯mw. AhnsS kXy-{K-ln-I-fpsS B^o-Êp-v. C¶p-t]mbn Ip-fnbpw DuWpw Ignªv AhnsS t]mbn IqSpI.'
At±lw R§Ä¡p bm{Xm-\p-aXn \ÂIn. Cfn-`y-cmbn R§Ä tÌj³ hn«p. At±lw Nqn-¡m-«nb hgn-bnÂIqSn \S¶v ]¿-¶q-cn-se-¯n. kXy-{K-lm-{iaw Ip-]n-Sn-¨p. kXy-{K-l-¯nsâ hnh-c-§-sf-¡p-dn¨v kXy-{K-ln-I-tfmSv NÀ¨ sNbvXp. A¶v AhnsS InS-¶p-d-§n.
]ntä-Zn-hkw ]¿-¶q-cnÂ\n¶v hn-I-b-dp-hm³ R§Ä Hcp-§n-bn-Ã. tÌj³am-ÌÀ Ahn-sS-bp-m-Ipw. Sn¡-än-Ãm-sX-bmWv R§Ä hn-bn Ib--td--Xv. AXm-]-¯m-Wv. ASp¯ sdbnÂsh-tÌ-j³ Xr¡-cn-¸q-cm-Wv. AXp-hsc \S-¡p-I-X-s¶. A§s\ \me©p-\m-gnI \S¶p ]pgbpw tXmSp-saÃmw IS¶v R§Ä Xr¡-cn-¸q-cn-se-¯p-Ibpw
hn h¶-t¸mÄ AXn Ibdn Ccp¶v awK-em-]p-c-t¯bv¡v bm{X-bm-hp-Ibpw sNbvXp. Imª-§m«v Ignªv hn IS-tem-c-¯p-IqSn HmSp-hm³ XpS-§n. Xe-tÈ-cn¡pw a¿-gn-¡p-an-S-bn Ipd-¨p-Zqcw IS-en-¶-Sp-¯p-IqSn Xohn HmSp-¶Xp In-«p-s-¦nepw Imª-§m«v \n¶p H«p hf-sc-Zqcw IS¯o-c-¯p-Iq-Sn-Xs¶ hn-tbm-Sp-¶-Xn F\n¡p AÛpXw tXm¶n.
]pI-bne F§-s\-bp-m-Ip¶p F¶v R§Ä¡mÀ¡pw \nÝ-b-an-Ãm-bn-cp-¶p. I-mª§m«n-¶-Sp¯v ]pI-bne Irjn I-t¸m-gmWv ]pI-bne Hcp sNSn-bpsS Ce-I-fm-sW¶v a\-Ên-em-b-Xv. AXm hn ]Ån-¡-c-bn-se-¯n \n¡p¶p
t_¡ÂtIm«
Zqsc Ip¶n-t·Â Hcp tIm« ImWp-¶p-v. AXn-¶-¸p-d¯v IS-ense Ae-am-e-IÄ tIm«-a-Xn-ens\ XÃn-sa-Xn-¡p-¶p-v. B tIm«-bn H¶p-t]mbn \n¡p-hm³ Ign-ªn-cp-¶p-sh-¦nÂ. (]-¯n-cp-]Xp sImÃ-§Ä¡p-ti-jw ]e-X-hW Rm³ t_¡Â tIm«-bn t]mbn Xma-kn-¨n-«pv) AXm R§Ä Hcp henb ]pg IS-¡p-¶p. AXmWv N{µ-Kn-cn-¸p-g. Hcp Kpl-bnÂIqSn hn HmSp-I-bm-Wv. hn-bnse hnf-¡p-I-sfÃmw Fcn-bp-¶p-v. ]I-emWv hn HmSp-¶-sX-¦nepw S®-enÂIqSn HmSp-t¼mÄ Ccp-«m-bn-cn-¡p-sa-¶-Xp-sIm-mWv hnf-¡p-I-sf-cn-bp-¶-Xv. ImkÀt¡m-Sv, Ip¼-f, at©-izcw IS¶p R§Ä DÅm-fn-se-¯n.
awK-em-]pcw
Imäm-Sn-a-c-§-fpsS sImSpw-Im-Sp-I-fnÂIq-Sn-bmWv Hm«w. AXm hcp¶p t\{Xm-h-Xn. IS-ep-t]mse hnim-e-amb \Zn. \Zn-I-S¶p R§Ä awK-em-]pcw tÌj-\n-se-¯n. hn AhnsS \n¶p. sku¯v C´y³ sdbnÂsh-bnse B hgn-¡pÅ HSp-hn-es¯ tÌj-\mWv awK-em-]p-cw. aZn-cm-in-bnÂ\n¶p Bcw-`n¨ B ]mX awK-em-]p-c-s¯¯n Ah-km-\n-¡p-¶p. tÌj-\n \n¶pw kq{X-¯n ]pd¯p IS-¶p. lcn-Zm-Ênsâ t\Xr-Xz-¯n cmPva-l tlm«-en t]mbn Nmb IpSn-¨p. lcn-Zmkv ]Tn-¨n-cp-¶ kvIqfpw skâv Atem-jn-bkv tImtf-Ppw,
l¼³tIm-«bpw sImUn-bm s_bnbpw aäpw Iv AÛpXw Iqdnb I®p-I-fp-ambn R§Ä aS-§n. 6 aWn¡v awK-em-]pcw hnSp¶ Xoh-n-bn Ib-dn. ]¿-¶q-cn-se-¯p-t¼mÄ apdn-bpsS P\m-e-I-sfÃmw AS-¨p-]q«n R-§-sfm-fn-¨n-cp-¶p. kw`-h-§-sfm-¶pw-Iq-SmsX R§Ä Xe-tÈ-cnbnse¯n-sb¶p ]d-ªm aXnbtÃm?.
Kpcp-hm-bqÀ kXy-{Klw
tIc-f-¯nse t£{X-§-fn hf-sc-tbsd {]kn-²-amb H¶m-WtÃm Kpcp-hm-bqÀt£-{Xw. B t£{X-¯n AhÀ®À¡pw A[x-Ir-X-sc¶v hnf-n¡-s¸-«n-cp-¶-hÀ¡pw {]th-i-\-ap-m-bn-cp-¶n-Ã. KmÔn-Pn-bpsS t\Xr-Xz-¯n D¸p-\n-b-a-ew-L\w XpS-§nb ka-c-ap-d-I-fm-cw-`n-¨-t¸mÄ kmaq-lyhpw kmap-Zm-bn-I-hp-amb kzmX-{´y-¯n-\p-th-n-bpÅ ]cn-{i-a-§fpw Bcw-`n-¨p-sh¶p ]dbmw
Kpcp-hm-bqÀt£{Xw lnµp-¡-fmb FÃm-hÀ¡pwthn Xpd-¶p-sIm-Sp-¡-s¸-tS--Xm-sW-¶pw, AÃm-¯-]£w AXn-\p-thn Kpcp-hm-bqÀ kXym-{Klw \S-t¯--Xm-sW¶pw Hc-`n-{]mbw cmjv{Sob kmaqly {]hÀ¯-I-·m-cpsS CS-bnÂ\n¶v s]m´n-h-¶p. AXnsâ t\Xmhv {ioam³ sI. tIf-¸-\m-bn-cp-¶p. Cu A`n-{]m-b-¯n\v s]mXp-Pm-\m-\p-Iqeyw Dm-¡p-hm³ Hcp kwLw ae-_m-dnepw k©-cn-¨n-cp-¶p. {ioam³ a¶¯p ]ß-\m`-]n-Å-bpw, tUmIvSÀ cpÜnWn A½bpw, sI.-]n.-I-¿m-e-¡epw aäpw DÄs¸-«n-cp¶ B kwLw Xe-tÈ-cn-bnepw h¶p. Xncp-h-§m-«p-h¨v AhÀ Hcp tbmKw tNÀ¶p. B tbmK-¯n Rm\pw kw_-Ôn-¨n-cp-¶p. tbmK-¯n kw_-Ôn-¨n-cp-¶-h-cp-sS-sb-Ãm-h-cp-tSbpw A`n-{]mbw Kpcp-hm-bq-cn tIf-¸sâ t\Xr-Xz-¯n kXy-{Klw Bcw-`n-t¡--Xm-sW¶pw, AXn\v Xe-tÈ-cn-bnse B s]mXp-tbm-K-¯nsâ ]n³_-e-ap-m-bn-cn-¡p-sa-¶p-am-bn-cp-¶p. a¶¯p ]ß-\m-`-]n-Åbpw tUmIvSÀ cpÜnWn A½bpw aäpw B tbmK-¯n {]kw-Kn-¡p-Ibpw sNbvXn-cp-¶p.
1931 sk]vXw-_À amkw 25-þmw XobXn ae-_m-dn-se§pw Kpcp-hm-bqÀt£{X{]-th-i-\-Zn-\-ambn sImm-S-s¸-«p. t£{X-{]-th-i-\-¯n-\-\p-Iq-e-amb {]Nm-c-th-e-IÄ sImSpw-]ncn sIm-t¸mÄ Kpcp-hm-bq-cn tIf-¸sâ t\Xr-Xz-¯n kXy{Klw Bcw-`n-¨p. A¶s¯ Kpcp-hm-bqÀ kXy-{K-ln-I-fn F.sI tKm]m-e-\pw, ]n.-Ir-jvW-¸n-Åbpw aäp-ap-m-bn-cp-¶p. kXy-{K-ln-bmb IrjvW-]nÅ Kpcp-hm-bqÀ A¼-e-¯n Ibdn aWn-b-Sn¨v sXmgp-hm³ Bcw-`n-¨-t¸mÄ bmYm-Øn-Xn-I-amb A¼-e-hm-kn-Ifpw \mb-·mcpw At±-ls¯ s]mXnsc XÃp-I-bp-m-bn. F.-sI. tKm]m-e\pw ITn-\-amb aÀ±-\-§Ä Kpcp-hm-bqÀ kXym-{K-l-Im-e¯v A\p-`-hn-¨n-«p-v. kXy-{K-l-¯nsâ ^e-ambn
t£{Xw Xpd-¡p-hm³ t£{X-`m-c-hm-ln-bmb kmaq-Xn-cn-¸mSv Hcp-¡-an-söp h¶-t¸mÄ 1932 \hw-_Àamkw H¶mw XobXn {io. sI. tIf-¸³ Kpcp-hm-bqÀ t£{X-\-S-bv¡Âh¨v \ncm-lm-c-{h-X-am-cw-`n-¨p. AhÀ®À¡v Kpcp-hm-bqÀ t£{X¯n {]th-i\w A\p-h-Zn-¡m-¯-]£w Kpcp-hm-bqÀ \S-bnÂIn-S¶v \ncm-lm-c-a-\p-jvTn-¨p-sImv Xm³ Poh-XymKw sN¿p-¶-Xm-sW¶p {]Jym-]n-¨p-sIm-p-Å-Xm-bn-cp-¶p, {io tIf-¸sâ \ncm-lm-c-{h-Xw.
Znhkw Ign-bp-t´mdpw A´co-£-¯n\v NqSp-IqSn h¶p. F´mWv kw`-hn-¡p-hm³ t]mIp-¶-sX-¶-Xn P\-§Ä D¡-WvTm-`-cn-X-cm-bn. tIf-¸³ acn-¡p-sa-¶pÅXÃmsX t£{Xw Xpd-¡-s¸-Sp-I-bnÃm F¶-Xn kmaq-Xn-cn-¸m-Sn\v kwi-b-sam-¶p-ap-m-bn-Ã. \ncm-lm-c-{hXw ]Xn-aq¶p Znh-k-§-tfmfw \op-\n-¶p. AXn-¶n-S-bn-emWv D]-hmkw Ignª alm-ßm-KmÔn Kpcp-hm-bqÀ kXy-{K-l-k-a-c-¯n CS-s]-«Xpw tIf-¸-t\mSv \ncm-lm-c-{hXw Ah-km-\n-¸n-¡p-hm³ A`yÀ°n-¨-Xpw. Kpcp-hm-bqÀt£{Xw AhÀ®À¡p-thn Xpd¶p sImSp-¸n-¡p-¶-Xn-\pÅ D¯-c-hm-ZnXzw Xm³Xs¶ Gsä-Sp-¡p-¶-Xm-sW¶pw AXp-sImv tIf-¸³ Xsâ \ncm-lm-c-{hXw Ah-km-\n-¸n-¡-W-sa-¶p-apÅ KmÔn-Pn-bpsS A`yÀ°-\-sb-¯p-SÀ¶v {io. tIf-¸³ \n-cm-lm-c-{hXw Ah-km-\n-¸n-¡p-Ibpw sNbvXp. AXn-s\-Xp-SÀ¶v alm-ß-Pn-bpsS \nÀt±-i-{]-Imcw {ioaXn IkvXqÀ_m-Km-Ôn-bpw, {ioaXn DuÀ½n-fm-tZ-hnbpw (]-tc-X-\mb kn.-BÀ. Zmknsâ ktlm-Z-cn) ae-_m-dn Hcp ]cy-S\w \S-¯n. t£{X-{]-th-i-\-¯n\v A\p-Iq-e-amb Imem-h-Ø-bmWv ae-_m-dn-ep-Å-sX¶v Ah-cpsS ]cy-S-\-¯nsâ ^e-ambn t_m²y-s¸-«p. AXn-¶p-]p-dta Kpcp-hm-bqÀt£{Xw \ne-sIm-Åp¶ s]m¶m\n Xmeq-¡n alm-ß-Pn-bpsS \nÀt±-im-\p-k-cWw Hcp d^-dw \S-¯p-Ibpw, AXnsâ ^e-ambn _lp-`q-cn-]£w khÀ®cpw t£{X-{]-th-i-\-¯n\v A\p-Iq-en-I-fm-sW¶v t_m²y-s¸-Sp-Ibpw sNbvXn-cp-¶p.
kÀ. i¦-c³\m-bÀ
Hcp Znhkw tImtf-Pn sN¶-t¸mÄ Zn-hkw kÀ. kn. i¦-c³ \mbÀ Xe-tÈ-cn-bn hcp-¶p-s-¶-dn-ªp. anjy³ sslkvIq-fnÂsh¨p Hcp tbmKw tNcp-¶p-s¶pw B tbmK-¯n kÀ. kn.
i¦-c³\m-bÀ {]kw-Kn-¡p-¶-Xm-sW-¶p-amWv tI«-Xv. kÀ. tNmäqÀ i¦-c³\m-bÀ Hcp henb a\p-jy-\m-Wv.
Hcp Ime¯v At±lw C´y³ \mj-W- tIm¬{K-Ênsâ A²y-£-\m-bn-cp-¶p. \mfn-Xp-hsc tIm¬{KÊv A²y-£-·m-cm-bn-«p-Å-h-cn GI-\mb tIc-fo-b\pw At±-l-am-Wv. F¶m A¶v tIm¬-{KÊv A²y-£-\m-bn-cp¶ At±lw C¶v tIm¬{K-Ên-eptm? Csöp am{X-aà tIm¬{K-Ênsâ {]_-e-i-{Xp-¡-fn HcmÄIq-Sn-bm-Wv. C-Xn-\p-ap¼v At±lw ssh-t{km-bn-bpsS FIvkn-Iyq-«ohv Iu¬kn AwK-am-bn-cp-¶n-«p-v. due-¯v-B-IvSn {]Xn-tj-[n-¨n-«mWv At±lw B Øm\w cmPn-sh-¨-Xv. KmÔn-Pnsb ITn-\-ambn FXnÀ¯n-«p-v. "KmÔnbpw Acm-P-I-Xzhpw' F¶ t]cn Hcp ]pkvX-Iw-Xs¶ At±lw Fgp-Xn-bn-«p-v. tIm¬{KÊv KmÔn-Pn-bpsS t\XrXzw kzoI-cn¨p XpS-§n-b-tXm-Sp-IqSn i¦-c³\m-bÀ AXnÂ-\n¶p AI-ep-hm³ XpS-§n F¶p-thWw A\p-am-\n-¡p-hm³.
R-§-fpsS \mSp-ambn At±l-¯n\p Nne _Ô-§-sf-Ãm-ap-v. tIkcn th§-bn Ipªn-cm-a³\m-b-\m-cpsS aI\pw kp{]-kn² hnZym-`ymk hnN-£-W-\p-amb {io. Fw.F. Im³U¯v hnhmlw sNbvXn-«p-ÅXv kÀ. kn. i¦-c³\m-b-cpsS aI-sf-bm-Wv. Ah-cpsS aI-\mWv C´y-bpsS Ic-hn-`m-K-ssk-\ym-[n-]-t\m-S-Sp¯p \n¡p¶ taPÀ P\-d sI.-]n. Im³U¯v (Ip-ªn-cm-a³ ]mem«v Itm¯v) At±lw HIvtSm-_À amk-¯n ]ncn-bp-I-bm-Wv. (C-sX-gpXn Ign-ª-Xn-\p-ti-j-amWv At±lw ]ncn-ª-Xv.) Xe-tÈ-cn-¡-Sp-¯pÅ Fcp-h-«n-bnse Ad-¯n Itm¯v am[-h³-\-¼ym-cmWv ]mÝm-Xy-h¡-cn-¡-s¸« Fw.-F. Im³U¯v. At±-l-¯nsâ tPyjvT³ G.-kn. \mcm-b-W³ \¼ymÀ hen-sbmcp hn-¹-h-Im-cnbpw _Àen-\n C´y-bpsS {]Xn-]p-cp-j-\p-am-bn-cp-¶n-«p-v. PÀ½-\n-bn-em-bn-cp-¶-t¸mÄ lnä-ve-dpsS FXnÀ-¸n At±-lhpw -A-I-s¸-«n-cp-¶p. kzmX-{´y-k-a-c-¯n-\p-tijw At±lw HcpIpdn Xe-tÈcn kµÀin-¡p-Ibpw At±l-¯n\p R§-sfmcp kzoI-cWw sImSp-¡p-Ibpw sNbvXn-«p-v. B Ah-k-c-¯n A-t±-ls¯ Rm³ ]cn-N-b-s¸-Sp-Ibpw sNbvXn-«p-v.
A§ns\ a¦-c-bnse tNäqÀ Xd-hm-«n ]nd¶ B {]i-kvX-\mb ae-bm-fnsb H¶p ImWp-I-sb-¦nepw thW-sa-¶pÅ Hcp B{Klw
F\n-¡p-m-bn. Ct¸mÄ In-sÃ-¦n ]ns¶ At±-l-s¯-¡p-dn¨p tIÄ¡p-hm³ am{Xta Hcp-]s£ \nhr-¯n-bp-m-hp-I-bp-Åq. ]ntä-Zn-hkw Rm³ anjy³ sslkvIq-fnÂt]m-bn. At±lw hcp-¶Xpw Im¯n-cn-¸mbn; Ipd¨p sshIn-bn-«mWv At±lw F¯n-b-Xv. "Rm\n-t¸mÄ Xe-tÈ-cn¡p h-cp-¶Xv sNÀ¸p-f-tÈ-cn-bn \n¶m-Wv.' F¶p ]dªp sImmWv At±lw Xsâ {]kwKw Bcw-`n-¨-Xv. AXn-\p-ap¼p Rm³ ]S-¯n In-cp-¶-Xn-t\-¡mÄ Iptd-IqSn {]mbw-tXm-¶n-¡p¶ Hcp Kw`oc ]pcp-j-\m-bn-cp¶p At±-lw. Xe-tÈ-cn-bn-se-¯p-¶-Xn\p ap¼mbn a¿-gn-bn ]pXp-Xm-bp-m-¡nb ]mew At±-l-amWv DZvLm-S\w sNbvX-Xv. kÀ. kn. i¦-c³\m-bsc BZy-ambpw Ah-km-\-ambpw Rm³ IXv Xe-tÈcn anjy³ sslkvIq-fnse B tbmK-¯n h¨m-Wv. At±lw acn-¨-t¸mÄ Xe-tÈ-cn-bn tNÀ¶ Hc-\p-tim-N-\-tbm-K-¯n {]ta-b-a-h-X-cn-¸n-¨p-sImp F\n¡p {]kw-Kn-t¡--Xmbpw h¶p.
aqÀ-t¡m¯p Ipam-c³
{io. aqÀt¡m¯p Ipam-cs\ Rm³ ]e--t¸mgpw In-«p-v. At±lw Bcm-sW¶p F\n¡p Adn-bp-Ibpw sN¿p-am-bn-cp-¶p. hfsc shfp-¯v, AXn-kp-µ-c-\m-bn, I¿n Hcp hSn-bp-ambn At±lw ssaXm-\-¯nÂ-IqSn \S-¶p-t]m-Ip-¶Xv Rm³ ]e-t¸mgpw In-«p-v. Nne-t¸mÄ Xe-bn Idp¯ Hcp sXm¸n sh¨p-sImv shfp¯ Ij-n-bpÅ Xe H¶p At±lw ad-¨p-]n-Sn-¡pw.
A{]Xo£n-X-am-bn-«mWv At±-l-¯nsâ Hcp ss{]häv sk{I-«-dn-bmbn F\n¡p tPmen t\mt¡-n-h-¶-Xv. At±-l-¯nsâ ASp¯ Hcp _Ôphpw kplr-¯p-amb X¯-hm-kp-tZ-h³ F¶ Hcp kvt\ln-X³ F\n-¡p-m-bn-cp-¶p. At±lw Hcp Znhkw Ft¶mSp h¶p tNmZn-¡p-I-bmWv \n\¡p kmln-Xy-]-cn-j-¯n\p t]mI-W-sa-¶ptm? Ds-¦n X¿m-dm-bn-s¡m-Åp-I. ]cn-j-¯nsâ C¡p-dn-bs¯ A²y-£-·m-cn-sem-cm-fmb aqÀt¡m¯v Ipam-csâ ss{]häv sk{I-«-dn-sb¶ \ne-bn \ne-¼q-cn-te¡p t]mImw.' Fs¶ AXy´w kt´m-jn-¸n¨ Hcp hmÀ¯-bm-bn-cp¶p AXv. {io. aqÀt¡m-¯nsâ ss{]häv sk{I-«-dn-bmbn ]Xn-t\-tgm, ]Xn-s\t«m hb-ÊpÅ F\n¡p \ne-¼q-cn tNcp¶ kmln-Xy-]-cn-j-¯n kw_-Ôn-¡phms\mc-h-kcw In«p-I.
AXn-\p-ap¼p A[n-I-sam¶pw k©-cn-¨n-«n-Ãm¯ F\n¡p I¿nÂ\n¶v Hcp Imipw Nne-hn-SmsX Xoh-n-bnepw _Ên-ep-ambn \ne-¼q-cn-temfw t]mIp-hm³ km[n-¡p-I. hÅ-t¯mÄ, DÅqÀ XpS-§nb tIc-f-¯nse alm-I-hn-I-sfbpw h³InS kmln-Xy-Im-c-·m-scbpw ImWp-hm\pw Ah-cpsS {]kw-K-§Ä tIÄ¡p-hm\pw Ah-kcw In«p-I. {io. aqÀt¡m¯v Ipam-c-\p-ambn ]cn-N-b-s¸-Sp-hm³ km[n-¡p-I. Fs´Ãmw alm-`m-Ky-§-fmWv Hc-Sn¡p Fsâ Xe-bn h¶p-ho-W-Xv.
]ntä-Zn-h-kw-Xs¶ X¯ hmkp-tZ-hsâ IqsS Rm³ aqÀt¡m-¯nsâ ho«n sN¶p. `b-`-àn-tbm-Sp-Iq-Sn-bmWv Rm³ At±-l-¯nsâ ap¼n sN¶p-\n-¶-Xv. F¶nÂ\n¶p hà A]m-Ihpw h¶p At±lw Akw-Xr-]vX-\mbn \ne-¼q-cn-te¡p t]mIp-t¼mÄ Fs¶ Iq«p-I-bn-söp h¶mtem? At±lw Ft¶mSp tNmZn¨ tNmZy-§Äs¡Ãmw Rm³ adp-]Sn ]d-ªp. ]ntä-Zn-hkw At±-l-¯nsâ Cfb aI³ {io\n-hm-k-tâbpw AhnsSbpÅ N{µ-sâbpw IqsS Rm³ \ne-¼q-cn-te¡p t]mI-W-sa-¶pw, At±lw ]{Xm-[n-]Xyw hln-¡p¶ "kXy-hmZn' F¶ ]{X-¯nsâ kz´w teJ-Isâ \ne-bn-emWv Rm³ t]mIp-¶-sX¶pw At±lw ]d-ªp. tImgn-t¡m-«p-hsc Xoh-n-bnepw Ahn-sS-\n¶p \ne-¼q-cn-te¡p _Ên-ep-am-bn-«mWv R§Ä bm{X-sN-bvX-Xv. tImgn-t¡m-«p-sh¨p \ne-¼q-cn ]cn-j-¯n\p t]mIp¶ cp-t]sc IqsS Iq«n-¶p-In-«n. Ah-cn HcmÄ ASp-¯-Im-ew-hsc tImgn-t¡m«p "amXr-`q-an'-bpsS kz´w teJ-I-\m-bn-cp¶ Icp-Wm-I-c-ta-t\m\pw asäm¶p Fsâ Bß-kp-lr-¯mbn ]n¶oSv A\p-`-h-s¸« {io[-c-ta-t\m-\p-am-bn-cp-¶p.
\n-e-¼qÀ kmln-Xy-]-cn-j¯v
\ne-¼q-cnse am\-th-Z³ Xncp-apÂ]m-Snsâ Npa-X-e-bn-em-bn-cp¶p B sImÃw kmln-Xy-]-c-nj¯v \S-¶-Xv. At±lw ]cn-j-¯nsâ kzmK-X-kwLw A²y-£-\m-bn-cp-¶p. \mep alm-k-t½-f-\-§-fm-bn-«mWv ]cn-j¯v \S-¯p-hm³ Xocp-am-\n-¨n-cp-¶-Xv. H¶m-as¯ kt½f-\-¯nsâ A²y-£³ ]p¶-tÈ-cn-\¼n \oe-I-WvT-iÀ½, cm-a-t¯-Xn-tâXv alm-Ihn DÅqÀ Fkv. ]c-ta-izc A¿À, aq¶m-a-t¯-Xn-tâXv alm-Ihn hÅ-t¯mÄ \mcm-b-W-ta-t\m³, \mem-a-t¯-Xn-tâXv aqÀt¡m¯v Ipam-c³, AXn-\p-ap¼v \S¶ kt½-f-\-¯nsâ kzmK-X-kw-Lm-²y-£-
\m-bn-cp¶ cma-hÀ½ A¸³X-¼p-cm³ FÃm kt½f\§-fnepw ]s¦-Sp-¯n-cp-¶p. Xncp-apÂ]m-Snsâ tImhn-e-I-¯p-sh¨p Xs¶-bmWv kt½-f-\-§Ä \S-¶-Xv. R-§Ä¡p Xma-kn-¡p-hm³ Øew-In-«n. kt½-f-\m-²y-£-·m-cn Hcm-fmb aqÀt¡m¯v Ipam-csâ Bfp-I-sf-¶-\n-e-bn R§Ä¡p am\y-amb Øm\-§ÄXs¶ In«n-bn-cp-¶p.
Ipfn-¡p-hm³thn R§Ä \ne-¼q-cnse Nmen-bm-än Cd-§n. lm Fs´mcp kpJ-I-c-amb Ipfn Bbn-cp¶p AXv. Nmen-bmÀt]m-epÅ Hcmän R§-fmcpw AXn-\p-ap¼p Ipfn-¨n-cp-¶n-Ã. "CS¸Ån ]pg-bn Ccp-¼p-vþ Nmen-bm-än kzÀ®-ap-v.' F¶v ]ntä-Zn-hkw hÅ-t¯mÄ {]kw-Kn-¡p-¶-Xn-\n-S-bn ]d-ªn-cp-¶p. \ne-¼qÀ]p-g-bn kzÀ®w Acn-s¨-Sp-¡m-dp-s¶p Rm³ t\cs¯ a\-Ên-em-¡p-Ibpw sNbvXn-cp-¶p. R§Ä Bän Ipfn-¨p-sIm-n-cp-¶--t¸mÄ Hcp hr²³ A§-Ise Hcp Iu]o\w am{Xw [cn-¨p. Xsâ apv ASn¨p IgpIn DW-§p-hm³ C«n-cn-¡p-¶Xp Ip. GtXm Hcp ]g©³ {_mÒ-W-\m-W-bmÄ F¶p am{X-amWv At±-l-s¯¡p-dn¨p R§Ä At¸mÄ HmÀ¯-Xv. A¶v Nmen-bm-dnsâ aW-en DW-§p-hm-\n« appw DSp-¯p-sImp ]ntä-Zn-hkw B hr²-{_m-Ò-W³ A²y-£-th-Zn-bn Ibdn Ccn-¡p-¶Xp I-t¸m-gm-Wv, At±-l-amWv ]p¶-tÈcn \¼n \oe-I-WvT-iÀ½ F¶ t]cn Adn-b-s¸-Sp¶ alm-]-Þn-X\pw kmln-Xy-Im-c-\p-sa¶p R§Ä¡p a\-Ên-em-b-Xv. bmYm-Øn-Xn-I\pw Abn-¯-¯n hnizm-kn-bp-am-bn-cp¶ B kwkvIr-X-]-Þn-X-\mWv ]«m-¼n-bn kwkvIr-X-tIm-tfPv Øm]n-¨-Xpw \S-¯n-b-Xpw.
DÅq-cn-t\bpw hÅ-t¯m-fn-t\bpw Rm³ BZy-ambn ImWp-¶Xv \ne-¼q-cnÂsh-¨m-Wv. kmln-Xy-tem-I-¯n kp]-cn-Nn-X-cm-bn-cp¶ Ht«sd kmln-Xy-Im-c-·mÀ A¶v \ne-¼qÀ kt½-f-\-¯n-ep-m-bn-cp-¶p. ]pt¯-g¯v cma³ta-t\m³, N§-¼pg IrjvW-]n-Å, CS-¸Ån cmL-h³]nÅ (A-t±-l-¯nsâ Bß-lXy tIc-fs¯ thZ-\n-¸n-¨Xv GXm\pw sImÃ-§Ä¡p-ti-j-am-Wv) ]´fw sI.-]n. cma³]nÅ F¶n-h-cpsS t]cp-IÄ Rm³ C¶pw HmÀ-¡p-¶p.
{]kw-K-a-Õc¸co-£-bn ]s¦Sp¯p k½m\w t\Sn-b-h-cn Hcm-fm-bn-cp¶p C.-]n. tKm]m-e³. hÅ-t¯mÄ kZ-Ên Fgp-t¶äp \n¶p. "alm-kt` \a-kvImcw \a-kvImcw F¶p At±-l-¯nsâ kzX-
kn²amb ssien-bn hnfn-¨p-]dªXmWv hÅ-t¯m-fns\ HmÀ¡p-t¼m-sgÃmw Fsâ a\-Ên-te¡p XÅn-h-cp-¶-Xv. AXp-t]mse DÅqÀ kZ-Êns\ A`n-kw-t_m-[\ sN¿p-hm-\p-]-tbm-Kn¨ "am\y-a-lm-P-\-§sf' F¶ B ]Z-§-fpw, Hcp sNdnb Xpv IS-emÊv I¿n ]nSn-¨p-sImv lmkykmln-Xy-s¯-Ip-dn-¨m-sW¶p tXm¶p-¶p {io. ]pt¯-g¯v cma³ tat\m³ sNbvX kc-k-a-[p-c-amb sNdp-`m-jWhpw Fs¶ kt´m-j-s¸-Sp-¯n. Zqsc-\n¶p FÃm-h-tcbpw t\m¡n-Im-Wp-hm\pw AhÀ ]d-bp¶ Imcy-§-fn {][m-\-am-b-sXÃmw FgpXn FSp-¡p-hm\pw km[n-¨Xp Hcp henb alm-`m-Ky-am-bmWv Rm³ Icp-Xn-b-Xv.
dnt¸mÀ«p-IÄ
Xncn¨v Xe-tÈ-cn-bn-se-¯n-b-Xn-\p-tijw Rm³ FgpXn FSp-¯n-cp¶ dnt¸mÀ«v {io. aqÀt¡m-¯ns\ GÂ]n-¨p. At±lw AXn¶p s]mSn¸pw sXm§epwIq«n "kXy-hmZn'bn kz´w teJ-Isâ dnt¸mÀs«¶ \ne-bn {]kn-²-s¸-Sp-¯p-Ibpw sNbvXp. AXn\ptijw "Zkd' ImWp-hm³thn Rm³ ssakq-cn-te¡p t]mbn-cp-¶p. Xncn-¨p-h-¶p-sh-¶-dnªp aqÀt¡m¯v Fs¶ hnfn-¡p-hm³ Bf-b-¨p. Rm³ sN¶-t¸mÄ ssakqÀ "Zkd'sb¡p-dn¨p Hcp teJ\w FgpXn kXy-hm-Zn¡p sImSp-¡p-hm-\m-h-iy-s¸-«p. Rm\-§ns\ sNbvXp. NnÃd Nne Xncp-¯-ep-IÄ hcp¯n Fsâ t]À sh¨p B teJ\w "kXy-hmZn'bn {]kn-²-s¸-Sp¯n I-t¸mÄ F\n¡p-mb kt´m-j-¯n-¶-Xn-cp-m-bn-cp-¶n-Ã. Rm\pw Hcp kmln-Xy-Im-c-\m-Ip-hm³ t]mhp-I-bmWv Fs¶mcp tXm¶-emWv F\n-¡-t¸mÄ Dm-b-Xv.
aqÀt¡m¯pw Rm\p-am-bpÅ _Ôw A§ns\ kpZr-Vhpw sImgp-¸p-Å-Xp-ambn hfÀ¶p-sIm-n-cp-¶p. A¡m-e¯v auem\m ju¡-¯en Xe-tÈcn kµÀin-¨p. At±-lw "-ap-_m-d¡' F¶ t]cn Hcp sNdnb kvIqÄ DZvLm-S\w sN¿p-¶p-m-bn-cp-¶p. A¶v At±lw Xpd¶ B kvIqfmWv Ct¸mÄ "ap_m-d¡' sslkvIq-fm¡n DbÀ¯n-bn-«p-Å-Xv. {io. aqÀt¡m¯v B Ime¯v a{Zmkv sabn-ensâ Xe-tÈcn teJ-I-\m-bn-cp-¶p. At±lw kvIqÄ DZvLm-S-\-¯n\p t]mIp-¶n-söpw Rm\-t±-l-¯n-¶p-]-Icw t]mI-W-sa¶pw ]d-ªp. A§ns\ Rm³ t]mbn Cw¥o-jn dnt¸mÀs«-gpXn At±-l-¯n\p sImSp-¯p. B dnt¸mÀ«v kz´w teJ-Isâ t]cn a{Zmkv sabn-en {]kn-²-s¸-Sp-¯n-¡--t¸mgpw F\n¡p henb kt´m-j-ap-mbn.
Bbn-S-bv¡mWv Xe-tÈcn "bph-P-\-k-amPw' F¶ t]cn R§Ä Hcp kamPw XpS-§n-b-Xv. Npcp-§n-bXv BgvN-bn Hcp Xh-W-sb-¦nepw tbmKw tNcp-Ibpw Hmtcm hnj-b-s¯-¡p-dn¨p {]kw-K-§Ä \S-¯n-¡p-I-bp-am-bn-cp¶p bph-P-\-k-am-P-¯nsâ {][m\ ]cn-]m-Sn-IÄ. AXn¶p ]pdsa DÃm-k-bm-{X-Ifpw kmlkn-I-bm-{X-Ifpw kwL-Sn-¸n-¡epw R§-fpsS ]cn-]m-Sn-I-fnÂs¸«-Xm-bn-cp-¶p. A¯cw ]cn-]m-Sn-I-fpÅ Znh-k-§-fn tbmKw tNcp-¶Xp ]cn-]m-Sn-IÄ¡p-thn Xnc-sª-Sp-¡-s¸-Sp¶ Øe-§-fn h¨m-bn-cn-¡pw. Hcp Znhkw "[À½Sw Xpcp¯n'te¡p R§Ä Hcp kml-kn-I-bm-{Xbv¡p X¿m-dm-bn. IS-en-emWv [À½Sw Xpcp-¯v. A©-c-¡-n-¸pg cmbn ]ncnªp IS-en hogp¶Xn¶n-S-bn-epÅ Hcp Zzo]mWv [À½Sw. B Zzo]n-t\m-S-Sp¯p IS-en asämcp sIm¨p Zzo]p-v. sX§n³tXm-¸p-IÄ \nd-ªp-In-S-¡p¶ B sIm¨p Zzo]v Xe-tÈ-cn-bnÂ\n¶p t\m¡n-bm ImWmw. Ahn-tS-bv¡mWv R§Ä kml-kn-I-bm{X \nÝ-bn-¨n-cp-¶-Xv.
B Zzo]nsâ ssIh-i-¡m-c³ Fsâ AI¶ A½m-h-·m-cn Hcm-fm-sW¶ Hcp Al-¦m-chpw F\n-¡p-m-bn-cp-¶p. R§Ä [À½-S-¯p-sh¨p H¯ptNcp-Ibpw Ahn-sS-\n¶v Hcp tXmWn hmS-I-bvs¡-Sp¯v Zzo]n-te¡p bm{X-Xn-cn-¡p-Ibpw sNbvXp. Zzo]n-se¯n R§Ä tXmWnbn \n¶n-d-§n. X«p-X-«p-I-fmbn InS-¡p¶ sX§n³tXm-¸n-en-d§n R§Ä tatem«p tatem«p Ib-dn. tX§-IÄ \ne-¯p-hoWp InS-¡p-¶p-m-bn-cp-¶p. R§-f-ÃmsX thsd Bcpw Zzo]n-en-Ã. tX§ XÃn-s]m-fn¨v R§Ä `£n-¨p-Xp-S-§n. Bsc-¦nepw ImÂXs¶ AXn-se-´n-cn-¡p¶p? Zzo]nse sX§p-I-sfÃmw Fsâ A½m-h-·m-cn Hcm-fp-tS-XsÃ? A§ns\ Xn¶p-sIm-n-cn-¡p-¶-Xn-\n-S-bn Hcp hr²³ B Zzo]n {]Xy-£-s¸-Sp-I-bpw, ITn-\-amb tZzjy-t¯m-Sp-IqSn R§sf No¯-]-d-bp-hm³ XpS-§p-Ibpw sNbvXp. R§Ä CXn-IÀ-¯-hy-Xm-aqVcmbn angn-¨p-\n¶p. HmSn-t¸m-Ip-hm³ \nhr-¯n-bn-Ã. HSp-hn R§-fn-sem-cmÄ Rm\-t±-l-¯nsâ A\-´n-c-h-cn Hcm-fm-sW¶pw Rm\pw At±-lhpw X½n-epÅ _Ôw F§n-s\-bp-Å-Xm-sW¶pw ]dªp t_m²y-s¸-Sp-¯n-b-Xn-\p-ti-j-amWv At±lw
`Õ\w \nÀ¯n-b-Xv. At±-l-¯n\p Fs¶tbm F\n-¡-t±-l-s¯tbm t\cn«p Adn-bm-am-bn-cp-¶n-Ã. GtXm Nne Ip«n-IÄ tXmWn-bn Ibdn Xpcp¯nte¡p t]mIp-¶Xp I-t¸mÄ R§Ä tX§m tamjvSn¨p Xn¶m-Xn-cn-¡p-I-bn-sÃ-¶q-ln¨q R§sf ]n³Xp-SÀ¶p h¶-h-\m-bn-cp¶p B hr²³. Hcp Xc-¯n R§Ä Ahn-sS-\n¶p bm{X-Xn-cn-¨p. Hmtcm-cp-¯-cmbn hoSp-I-fn-se-¯n-t¨À-¶p.
asämcp Znhkw tXmWn-bn Xe-tÈ-cn-ap-X A©-c-¡-n-hsc k©-cn-¡p-hm-\mWv R§Ä Xocp-am-\n-¨-Xv. sImSp-hÅn ]me-¯n-\-Sp-¯p-\n-¶m-cw-`n¨p ]c-k-lm-bw-Iq-SmsX A©-c-¡-n-bn-se¯n Xncn-¨p-h-cn-I. AXm-bn-cp¶p ]cn-]m-Sn. tXmWn Xpg-bp-hm³ Bscbpw IqsS Iq«-cp-Xv. R§Ä Hmtcm-cp-¯cpw tXmWn Xpg-b-Ww. \mWp, ]¸p, `c-X³ XpS-§nb {]hÀ¯-I-scÃmw AXn\p X¿m-dm-bn-cp-¶p. A§ns\ Imes¯ R§Ä bm{X-Xn-cn-¨p. tXmWn Xpg-bp-hm³ \nÝ-b-an-Ãm-¯-h-cm-bn-cp-¶-Xp-sImp H«p-h-fsc ka-bw-sIm-mWv R§Ä A©-c-¡nbnse-¯n-b-Xv. sImSp-h-Ån-bnÂ\n¶v IS-ensâ Acp-]än [À½Sw ]pg-bn-epw, Ahn-sS-\n¶v [À½-Sw, ]me-bm-Sv, A-eqÀ, taeqÀ {]tZ-i-§sf CSw-h-¨p-sImv a½m-¡p-¶n-se-¯p-Ibpw Ahn-sS-h¨v henb ]pg-bn {]th-in¨v a¼-dw-hgn A©-c-¡-n-hsc Xpg-bp-I-bp-amWv R-§Ä sNbvX-Xv. AXn-\p-ap¼v In-«n-Ãm¯ ]e Øe-§fpw R§Ä Ip. {]IrXn kuµcyw Ic-I-hn-sªm-gp-Ip¶ ]pg-bpsS `o-I-c-§-fmb DÅ-d-I-fnÂIq-Sn-bpÅ bm{X R§Ä¡v ]pXnb Hc-\p-`-h-am-bn-cp-¶p.
I½yq-Wnkw
Xe-tÈcn bph-P-\-k-am-P-¯nsâ B`n-ap-Jy-¯n "I½yq-Wnkw' F¶ hnj-b-s¯-¡p-dn¨p Hcp {]kwKw sN¿m-sa¶v Nt{´m¯v Ipªn-cm-a³\m-bÀ Ft¶mSp Ct§m«p ]d-ªn-cp-¶p. "I½yq-Wnkw' F¶m-se-s´¶v F\n¡p \nÝ-b-ap-m-bn-cp-¶n-Ã. A¶p A[n-I-amÀ¡pw AXn-s\-¡p-dn¨v Adn-bp-am-bn-cp¶Xpan-Ã. Nt{´m¯p Ipªn-cm-a³\m-bÀ A¶v Adn-b-s¸-Sp¶ Hcp tIm¬-{K-Êp-Im-c-\m-bn-cp-¶p. D¸p-\n-baw Xe-tÈ-cn-bnÂh¨v ewLn-¨-t¸mÄ t]meo-Ênsâ I¿nÂ\n¶p t_m[w sISp-¶-Xp-hsc At±lw XÃp-sImn«p-v. At±-l-amWv R§-fpsS {]mkw-Kn-I³. A²y-£-\m-bn-cn-¡p-hm³ Hcmfp thWw.
Bscbpw In«n-bn-sÃ-¦n R-§-fn HcmÄXs¶ A²y-£-\m-bn-cn-¡pw. tdmUnÂIqSn t]mIp¶ Bfp-I-fn B²y£w hln-¡p-hm³ ]änb Bfp-tm-sb¶v ]cn-tim-[n-¡p-¶-Xn-\n-S-bn Imjm-b-h-kv{X-[m-cn-bmb HcmÄ Zqsc-\n¶p \S¶p h-cp-¶-Xmbn Ip. Rm³ At±-l-¯nsâ ASp-¯p-sN¶v R§Ä C¶v Hcp tbmKw \S-¯p-¶p-s¶pw B tbmK-¯n A²y-£-\m-bn-cn-¡mtam F¶p tNmZn-¨p. At±lw k-k-t´mjw R§-fpsS At]£ kzoI-cn-¨p. kzman-bpsS t]À F´m-sW¶p tNmZn-¨-t¸mÄ kzman [À½m-\-µ³ F¶v At±lw ]d-bp-Ibpw sNbvXp.
A§s\ kzman [À½m-\-µsâ A²y-£-X-bn Nt{´m¯v Ipªn-cm-a³\m-bÀ I½yq-Wn-k-s¯-¡p-dn¨v {]kw-Kn¨p. At±lw Fgp-Xn-s¡m-p-h¶ Hcp {]kwKw hmbn-¡p-I-bmWv A¶v sNbvXXv. A¶mWv I½yq-Wn-k-sa¶p ]dªm F´m-sW-¶-Xn-s\-¡p-dn¨v Rm³ BZy-ambn Fs´-¦nepw tI«-Xv. ]ns¶ Hcp Znhkw kn.-F-¨v. IWm-c³ \nco-iz-c-Xz-s¯-¡p-dn¨pw AXp-t]m-se-sbmcp {]kwKw sNbvXp. AhÀ-s¡Ãmw AXn\v Hcp Dt±-i-ap-m--bn-cp-¶p-sh¶v hfsc Ign-ª-Xn¶v tij-amWv F\n¡p a\-Ên-em-b-Xv. R§Ä¡p Hcp Dt±iw am{Xta Dm-bn-cp-¶p-Åq. BgvN-tXmdpw aoänw-Kp-IÄ \S-¡-Ww. Bsc-¦n-ep-sam-cmÄ {]kw-Kn-¡p-hm\pw thWw. ]ns¶ R-§-fn ]ecpw A¶p {]kw--Kn-¡pw. R§Ä¡p {]kwKw ]Tn-¡p-hm³ AXv \à Hcp If-cn-bp-am-Wv.
bph-P-\-k-amPw hmÀjnIw
Xe-tÈcn bph-P-\-k-am-P-¯nsâ H¶mw-hmÀjnIw sImm-Sp-hm-\pÅ Hcp-¡-§Ä R§Ä sNbvXp-Xp-S-§n. ]tc-X-\mb tZim-`n-am\n {io. sI. cma-Ir-jvW-]n-Å-bpsS hn[h {ioaXn _n. Ieym-Wn-b½ Xs¶-bm-bn-cp¶p At¸mgpw I®qÀ s{Sbn-\nwKv kvIqfnse slUvan-kv{S-kv. {ioam³ sI. cma-Ir-jvW-]nÅ \ncym-X-\mbXv I®q-cnÂsh-¨m-sW-¶pw, At±-l-¯nsâ `uXn-Im-h-injvSw A´y-hn-{iaw sImÅp-¶Xv I®q-cnse ]¿m-¼ew IS-¸p-d-¯m-sW¶pw R§Ä¡-dn-bm-am-bn-cp-¶p. Xe-tÈcn bph-P-\-k-am-P-¯nsâ {]hÀ¯-I-cmb R§Ä BZyw ]¿m-¼ew IS-¸p-d-¯p-t]mbn cma-Ir-jvW-]n--Å-bpsS ih-¡-Ãd kµÀin-¨p. A-hnsS R§-fpsS {]Wm-a-§Ä AÀ¸n-¨-Xn-\p-tijw
R-§Ä "hymg-h-«-kva-cW'IfpsS {KÙ-IÀ{Xn Xma-kn-¡p¶ _w¥m-hn-te¡p t]mbn Ahsc Ip. kt½-f-\-¯n\p h¶n-sÃ-¦nÂXs¶ cma-Ir-jvW-]n-Å-bpsS `mcy-bm-bn-cp¶ IÃym-Wn-b-½sb ImWp-hm\pw Ah-tcmSp kwkm-cn-¡p-hm\pw km[n-¨-Xn R§Ä AXy´w kt´m-jn-¨p.
`À-¯m-hnsâ ac-W-tijw Xm³ s]mXp-tbm-K-§-fn t]mIm-dn-söpw AXp-sImv Ahsc £Wn-¡p-hm³ R§Ä Xe-tÈ-cn-bnÂ\n¶p h¶-Xn AhÀ¡p \µn-bp-s-¦nepw R§sf \ncm-i-s¸-Sp-t¯-n-h-¶-Xn AhÀ¡p hyk-\-ap-s-¶p-amWv AhÀ R§-tfmSp ]dª-Xv. R§-fpsS kt½-f-\-¯n B²y£w hln-¡p-hm³ Ahsc In«m-Xn-cp-¶-Xn R§Ä¡p \ncm-i-bp-m-bn-cp-¶p-sh-¦nepw Ah-cpsS hm¡p-I-fn R§Ä¡p kt´m-j-am-Wp-m-b-Xv. A§n-s\-sb-¦nepw A-hsc ImWp-hm³ km[n-¨p-htÃm F¶ Hcp kt´m-jhpw At¸mÄ R§Ä¡p tXm¶n-bn-cp-¶p. cm-as¯ R§-fpsS t\m«-¸pÅn Ih-bn{Xn IS-¯-\mSv sI. am[-hn-b½ Bbn-cp-¶p. AhÀ "kzm`n-am\n' ]{Xm-[n-]À {io. F.-sI. Ipªn-Ir-jvW³ \¼ym-cpsS `mcy-bmbncp¶p. Ahsc Xnc¡n R§Ä Ipªn-Ir-jvW³\¼ym-cpsS ho«n-te¡p Xncn-¨p. cp-t]-tcbpw Ahn-sS-h-¨p-Xs¶ ImWp-Ibpw R§-fpsS CwKnXw Ahsc Adn-bn-¡p-Ibpw sNbvXp.
{ioaXn IS-¯-\m«p am[-hn-b-½bpw {io. F.sI. IpªnIrjvW³ \-¼ymcpw R§-fpsS £Ww kzoI-cn-¨p. IS-¯-\m«p am[-hn-b½ Fgp-Xnb "Xt¨mfn HtX-\³' F¶ ]pkvXIw B sImÃw Fkv.-F-kv.-FÂ.-kn¡p R§Ä¡p ]Tn-¡p-hm-\p-m-bn-cp-¶p. R§Ä¡p ]Tn-¡p-hm-\pÅ ]pkvXIw Fgp-Xn-b-h-sc-¯s¶ kt½-f-\-¯n B²y£w hln-¡p-hm³ R-§Ä¡p In«n F¶p-Å-Xn R§Ä kt´m-jn-¡p-Ibpw A`n-am-\n-¡p-Ibpw sNbvXp. R§Ä BZy-ambn sImm-Sp¶ Hcp hmÀjn-Im-tLm-j-hp-am-bn-cp¶p AXv. Xe-tÈcn anjy³ sslkvIqÄ lmfnÂsh-¨mWv kt½-f\w \S-¶-Xv. kt½-f-\-¯n {]kw-Kn-¡p-hm³ sI.-Fw. koXn-kmt-l_nt\bpw, sI.hn. am\³ Kpcp-¡-tfbpw R§Ä £Wn-¨p. sI.Fw. koXn-km-tl_v A¶v sImSp-§-Ãq-cn \n¶p Xe-tÈcnbnÂh¶p h¡o-embn t{]IvSokv sN¿p-I-bm-bn-cp-¶p. At±-l-¯nsâ {]kwKw Xe-tÈ-cn-bn AXn-\p-
Ån A[n-I-sam¶pw \S-¶n-cp-¶n-Ã. am\³ Kpcp-¡Ä Xe-tÈ-cn-¡m-c-\m-bn-cp-¶p-sh-¦nepw ]me-¡m-«p-\n¶p Øew-amäw In«n Xe-tÈcn tImtf-Pn h¶nt« Dm-bn-cp-¶p-Åq. R-§-fpsS B-²y-£bpw {]mkw-Kn-I-·mcpw [mcmfw Bfp-Isf R§-fpsS kt½-f-\-¯n-te-¡m-IÀjn-¨p. {]kw-K-§-sfÃmw sIt¦-a-am-hp-Ibpw sNbvXn-cp-¶p. kPo-h-km-lnXyw ]«n-Wnsb ]S-hm-fm¡n amäp¶p F¶m-bn-cp¶p am[-hn-b-½bpsS {]kw-K-s¯-¡p-dn¨p Hcp ]{Xw dnt¸mÀ«v sNbvXn-cp-¶-Xv. B kt½-f-\-t¯m-Sp-IqSn bph-P-\-k-am-P-s¯bpw AXnsâ {]hÀ¯-\-§-sfbpw Xe-tÈ-cn-bn-se-Ãm-hcpw {i²n-¡p-hm³ XpS-§n. AtXm-Sp-IqSn bph-P-\-k-am-P-¯nsâ sk{I-«-dn-bm-bn-cp¶ Fs¶-bpw
ka-kvX-tI-cf kmln-Xy-]-cn-j-¯nsâ ASp¯kt½-f\w Xe-tÈ-cn-bnÂsh-¨mWv \S-¡p-hm³ t]mIp-¶-Xv. {io. aqÀt¡m-¯p-Ip-am-c-\mWv AXnsâ {][m\ kq{X-[m-c³. kzmK-X-kw-Lm-²y-£-\mbn {io. hn. ]n. \mcm-b-W³\-¼ym-sc-bmWv Xocp-am-\n-¨-Xv. {ioam-·mÀ Fw. ]n. Zmtam-Z-c³, ap«p-§Â Ipam-c³ F¶n-hÀ sk{I-«-dn-am-cp-am-bn-cp-¶p. hf-n-bÀ Iym]vä-\mbn Fs¶-bmWv Xnc--sª-Sp-¯-Xv. Xe-tÈ-cn-bnse kmln-Xy-]-cn-j-¯n\v Nne khn-ti-j-X-I-sfÃmw thW-sa¶v aqÀt¡m-¯n\v \nÀ_-Ô-ap-m-bn-cp-¶p. At±-l-¯nsâ taÂt\m-«-¯nepw \nb-{´-W-¯n-ep-amWv kt½-f-\-§Ä \S-¡p-hm³ t]mIp-¶-Xv. lnµp, apÉow, {InkvXy³, kv{Xo F¶n-hÀs¡-Ãmw A²y-£-]Zw \ÂI-W-sa-¶p-Å-Xm-bn-cp¶p khn-ti-j-X-I-fn {][m-\-amb H¶v. A§ns\ Xocp-am-\n-¡-s¸-«-h-cn \mep-t]À IS-¯-\m«p i¦-c-hÀ½-cm-Pm, ae-bmf at\m-ca ]{Xm-[n-]À sI.-kn. ama³ am¸nf apÉo-§-fpsS Hcp {][m\ t\Xmhpw kp{]-kn² {]mkw-Kn-I-\p-am-bn-cp¶ sI.-Fw. koXnkmtl-_v, anÊnkv Ip«³\m-bÀ F¶n-h-cm-bn-cp-¶p. alm-Ihn DÅqÀ BZym-h-km\w kt½-f-\-§-fn kw_-Ôn-¨n-cp-¶p. Fw.-BÀ.-\m-bÀ (k-RvP-b³) hS-¡pw-IqÀ cmP-cm-P-hÀ½ cmPm, hS-t¡-¸m«v \mcm-b-W³ \mbÀ, tPmk^v ap-tÈ-cn, iqc-\m«v Ipª³]n-Å, F.-Un. lcn-iÀ½ XpS§n Ht«sd kmln-Xy-Im-c-·mÀ Xe-tÈcn kt½-f-\-¯n kw_-Ôn-¨n-cp-¶p. Xe-tÈcn Su¬lm-fnÂsh¨mWv kmln-Xy-]-cn-j-¯nsâ kt½-f-\-§Ä \S--¶p-sIm-n-cp-¶-Xv.
bph-P-\-k-t½-f\w
AtX Ah-k-c-¯nÂXs¶ kmln-Xy-]-cn-j-¯nt\mSpÅ aÕ-c-sa¶ \ne-bn Hcp bph-P-\-km-ln-Xy-k-t½-f\w anjy³ sslkvIq-fn sh¨p {io. sI.-Sn. N´p-\-¼ym-cpsS taÂt\m-«-¯nepw \nb-{´-W-¯nepw \S-¡p-¶p-m-bn-cp-¶p. aqÀt¡m-¯p-Ip-am-c\pw sI.-Sn. N´p-\-¼ymcpw X½n ]e cwK-§-fnepw \S-¯m-dpÅ aÕ-c-§-fn Gähpw {][m-\-amb Hcp aÕcam-bn-cp¶p A¶p Xe-tÈ-cn-bn Ac-t§-dn-b-Xv. sI.Sn. N´p-\-¼ym-cpsS Iym¼n alm-Ihn hÅ-t¯mÄ \mcm-b-
W-ta-t\m³, kzman Bcy-`-S³, ]n. tIi-h-tZhv XpS-§n-b-h-cm-Wp-m-bn-cp-¶-Xv.
kzman Bcy-`-Ssâ {]kwKw tIÄ¡p-hm³ F\n-¡-Xn-bmb B{K-l-ap-m-bn-cp-¶-Xp-sImv Rm³ Hfn-¨p-t]mbn Ipd-¨p-t\cw B {]kwKw tI«n-cp-¶p. hÅ-t¯mÄ alm-I-hn-bpsS "aKvZ-e\ adn-b'-s¯-¡p-dn-¨mWv At±-l-a-t¸mÄ {]kw-Kn-¨n-cp-¶-Xv. {io. ]n. tIi-htZhnsâ Xe-tÈcn {]kwKw Ncn{Xw krjvSn¨ H¶m-bn-cp-¶p. Xp©¯v cmam-\p-P³ Fgp-¯-Ñ\v tImS-Xn-I-fnse ]I-À¸v Kpa-kvX-·m-sc-¡mÄ henb hne-sbm¶pw Xm³ IÂ]n-¡p-¶n-söpw cm-am-bWhpw alm-`m-c-X-hpw, Xp¸ÂtIm-fm-¼n-I-fm-sW¶pw Ah Nps«-cn-¡-s¸-tS--Xm-sW¶pw aäpw, At±lw Ahn-sS-sh¨p {]-kw-Kn-¨p.
AXn-s\-Xp-SÀ¶v sN§-fmbn F¶ Øe-¯p-sh¨v cmam-b-W-hpw, alm-`m-c-Xhpw Np«p-I-cn-¡-s¸-Sp-Ibpw sNbvXp. {io. Fw.-BÀ. \mbÀ (k-RvP-b³) tIi-h-tZ-hn-s\-Xn-cmbn iàn-bmb Hcp {]t£m-]w Xs¶ Bcw-`n-¡p-I-bp-m-bn. tI-i-h-tZ-hns\ {]kn-²n-bn-te-¡p-bÀ¯nb BZy kw`-h-§-fn H¶m-bn-cp¶p AXv.
hÀ²-Iyhpw bph-Xzhpw X½n-epÅ aÕ-c-sa¶pw bmYm-kvXn-Xn-I-Xzhpw DÂ]-Xn-jvWp-Xzhpw X½n-epÅ aÕ-c-sa¶pw aäpw B aÕ-c-s¯-¡p-dn¨v ]ecpw ]d-bp-Ibpw [cn-¨p-h-im-hp-Ibpw sNbvXn-cp-¶p-sh-¦nepw bYmÀ°-¯n aqÀt¡m-¯p-Ip-am-c\pw N´p-\-¼ymcpw X½n-epÅ Hcp hyàn-a-Õ-c-sa-¶-Xn Ihnªv B aÕ-c-¯n thsd H¶p-ap-m-bn-cp-¶n-Ã. ka-kvX-tI-cf kmln-Xy-]-cn-j-¯nsâ Xe-tÈcn kt½-f-\-¯n-\p-tijw bph-P-\-km-ln-Xy-¯nsâ asämcp kt½-f\w a«-¶q-cnÂsh¨p \S-¶p-sh-¶-ÃmsX ]ns¶ kt½-f-\-§--sfm-¶p-ap-m-bn-cp-¶n-Ã. a«-¶qÀ kt½-f\w \S¶-Xp-Xs¶ sI.-Sn. N´p-\-¼ym-cpsS ASp¯ kvt\ln-X-\m-bn-cp¶ a«-¶qÀ ]n.-Fw. a[p-kqX-\³ X-§-fpsS kwc-£-W-¯nepw \nb-{´-W-¯n-ep-am-bn-cp-¶p. I½yq-Wn-k-¯nsâ Xnc-¸p-d-¸m-Smbn bph-P-\-k-t½-f-\s¯ t\m¡n-¡--h-cn a[p-kq-X-\³ X§fpw kn.-F-¨v. IWm-c\pw X½n a«-¶q-cnÂsh¨v Gäp-ap-«n-b-t¸mÄ [mc-W-IÄ¡p amä-ap-m-bn. \n§-fpsS tkzÑm-[n-]-Xyhpw lnäve-dn-khpw ChnsS \S-¯p-hm³ A\p-h-Zn-¡p-I-bn-söp kn.-F-¨v. IWm-c³ a[p-kq-X\³ X§-tfm-Sp-Xs¶ a«-¶qÀ kt½-f-\-¯nÂsh¨p
D¨-¯n hnfn¨p ]dªp. kt½-f-\-¯n \n¶p IWm-c³ Cd-§n-t¸m-bn. a«-¶qÀ bP-am-\-t\mSp IbÀ¯p kwkm-cn-¨-h³ FhnsS F¶p X§fpsS A\p-bm-bn-IÄ At\z-jWw XpS-§p-t¼m-tgbv¡p IWm-c³ a«-¶q-cnÂ\n¶p _Êp-I-bdn Xe-tÈ-cn¡p t]mbn-cp-¶p. Asæn AhnsS A¶p F´p kw`-hn-¡p-am-bn-cp-¶p-sh¶p C¶p ]d-bp-hm³ {]bm-k-am-Wv. A¶p P·n-Xz-¯nepw ^yqU-en-k-¯nepw ap§n ab-§nb a«-¶q-cn I½yq-Wn-k-¯nsâ _lnÀkv^p-c-W-§Ä hf-sc-sbm¶pw ^en-¡p-am-bn-cp-¶n-Ã.
\ap-¡n\n Xe-tÈcn kt½f-\-§-fn-te-¡p-Xs¶ aS-§p-I. bph-P-\-§-fp-tSsX¶p sIm«n-tLm-jn-¡-s¸« bph-P-\-k-t½-f-\-¯n ]Sp-In-g-h-·mÀ ]g-©³ A-`n-{]m-b-§Ä {]I-Sn-¸n-¡p-Ibpw X\n bmYm-Øn-Xn-I-sa¶p ap{Z-b-Sn-¡-s¸« ka-kvX-tI-cf kmln-Xy-]-cn-j-¯n DÂ]Xn-jvWp-Xz-¯nsâ XoÖzm-e-IÄ I¯n Db-cp-Ibpw sNbvXXp HmÀ½bn IpXn-¨p-h-cp-¶p. kmln-Xy-]-cn-j¯v kt½-f\w DZvLmS\w sNbvXXv Nnd-¡Â cma-hÀ½ henb X¼p-cm-\m-bn-cp-¶p. BZy-k-t½-f-\-¯n A²y£\m-bn-cp¶ IS-¯-\mSv i-¦-c-hÀ½-cm-Pmhpw {]mkw-Kn-I-\m-bn-cp¶ aW-´e \ne-I-WvT³ aqÊXpw X½n Hcp Dc-k \S-¶p. ko-Xn-km-tl_v Ad_n ae-bm-fs¯¡pdn-¨mWv At±-l-¯nsâ A²y£ {]kw-K-¯n {][m-\-ambpw ]d-ªn-cp-¶-Xv.
{ioaXn IÃym-Wn-¡p-«n- A-½-bpsS (an-Ênkv Ip«³\m-bÀ) {]kwKw XnI¨pw Hcp hn¹-h-{]-kw-K-am-bn-cp-¶p. alm-Ihn DÅq-cnsâ kpZoÀL-amb Hcp {]kwKw \S-¶p-sIm-n-cn-¡p-¶-Xn-\n-S-bn tbmK-¯n AkzmØyw A\p-`-h-s¸-«-t¸mÄ alm-Ihn H¶p sNmSn-¨p. hÅt¯mÄ B kt½-f-\-¯n F¯n-t\m-¡n-bn-sÃ-¦nepw bph-P-\-km-ln-Xy-k-t½-f-\-¯nsâ BZytbmK-¯n B²y£w h-ln-¨Xt±l-am-bn-cp-¶p. A§ns\ t\m¡p-t¼mÄ ]cn-j¯v D-Åq-cn-tâXpw bph-P-\-km-ln-Xy-k-t½-f\w hÅ-t¯m-fn-tâ-Xp-am-bn-cp-¶p-sh¶pw ]d-bmw.
Xncp-hn-Xmw-Iq-dnse `c-W-]-cn-jvIm-c-§-fn AXr-]vX-cm-bn-¯oÀ¶ Cug-hÀ, {InkvXym-\n-IÄ, apÉow-IÄ F¶n-hÀ H¯p-tNÀ¶v {ioam³. {io. tIi-hsâ t\Xr-Xz-¯n \nhÀ¯-\-{]-t£m`w Bcw-`n-¨Xv 1983-þ GXmp Cu Ime-¯mbncp¶p.
BZys¯ {]kwKw
A¡m-e¯v Btcm-Ky-hm-cm-tLm-j-§Ä hnZym-e-b-§-fnÂsh¨p \S-¯p¶ Hcp ]Xn-hp-m-bn-cp-¶p. A§ns\ taeq-cnse Hcp Fensaâdn kvIqfnÂsh¨p \S-¯p-hm³ \nÝ-bn-¡-s¸« Btcm-Ky-hm-c-¯n Hcp {]kwKw sN¿p-hm³ Rm³ £Wn-¡-s¸-«p. BZy-ambn £Wn-¡-s¸« Hcp kZ-Ên {]mkw-Kn-I-\mbn Rm³ kw_-Ôn¨ tbmK-am-bn-cp¶p AXv. hfsc X¿m-sd-Sp-¸p-I-tfm-Sp-Iq-Sn-bmWv Rm³ t]mb-Xv. A²y-£-t\bpw Ft¶bpw tbmK-¯n¶p sImp-t]m-Ip-hm³ Hcp PSp¡ hn h¶n-cp-¶p. IrX-P-R-Xm-{]-I-S\w \S-¯p-t¼mÄ Fsâ Igp-¯n-epw Hcp ame sImn-«p. Fsâ P·-km-^eyw h¶-Xp-t]m-se-bm-sW-\n¡v A¶p tXm¶n-b-Xv. Hcp {]mkw-Kn-I-s\-¶pÅ \ne-bn F\n-¡m-Zy-ambn In«nb AwKo-Im-c-am-bn-cp¶p AXv. Fs¶ BZy-ambn £Wn-¡p-hm³ h¶ B amÌsd Rm³ Hcn-¡epw ad-¡p-I-bn-Ã. AXn-s\-¯p-SÀ¶v ]e tbmK-§-fnepw AXn-\p-tijw Rm³ t]m-hp-Ibpw {]kw-Kn-¡p-Ibpw sNbvXn-«p-v. B Ime-L-«-¯n 1934 tabv amk-¯n-emWv tIm¬{KÊv tkmjy-enÌv ]mÀ«n tIc-f-¯n DS-se--Sp-¯Xv.
a«-¶qÀ kt½-f\w
Xe-tÈ-cn-bnÂsh¨p Bcw-`n¨ bph-P-\-km-ln-Xy-k-t½-f-\-¯nsâ cmw-hmÀjnIw a«¶qcnÂsh¨v \S-¯p-hm³ Xocp-am-\n-¡-s¸«p. {ioaXn ]mÀÆXn s\·-\n-aw-K-ew, N-§--¼pg IrjvW-]n-Å, F³.-]n. Zmtam-Z-c³ F¶n-§s\ ]ecpw AXn kw_-Ôn-¡m-sa¶p k½-Xn-¡p-Ibpw sNbvXn-cp-¶p. kt½-f-\-¯n¶p t]mIp-hm³ Rm³ Xocpam\n¨p. Fsâ I¿n At¸m-tg¡p kz´-ambn Hcp ]pXnb ssk¡nfp-m-bn-cp-¶-Xp-sImp a«-¶q-cn-temfw ssk¡-nfn t]mIm-sa¶psh¨p. A§ns\ Xe-tÈ-cn-bnÂ\n¶p 17 ssa ssk¡Ä Nhp«n
Rm³ a«-¶q-cn-se-¯n. {ioaXn ]mÀÆXn s\·-\o-aw-K-ew, N§-¼pg IrjvW-]nÅ F¶n-h-sc-sbÃmw ]cn-N-b-s¸-«p. B kt½-f-\-¯nÂsh-¨m-bn-cp¶p a«-¶qÀ a[p-kq-X\³ X§sf kn.-F-¨v. IWm-c³ FXn-À¯Xpw ØnXn-K-Xn-IÄ h-j-fm-hp-¶-Xn-\p-ap¼p At±lw Øew-hn-«p-t]m-b-Xpw. kt½-f\w Ign-ª-t¸mÄ aäp cp kvt\ln-X-·m-scm-¶n¨p ssk¡-fn Ing-¡³ {]tZ-i-§-fnÂIqSn Hcp k©m-c-]-cn-]m-Sn¡p Rm\n-d-§n. a«-¶q-cnÂ\n¶p ]¯p-\m-gnI AI-se-bpÅ Ccn-«n-bn-te-¡mWv BZyw t]mbXv. AhnsS sN¶-t¸mÄ AXn-a-t\m-l-c-amb Hcp ]pg-bpv Ccn-«n-bneqsS Hgp-Ip-¶p. I-t¸mÄ Ipfn-¡-W-sa¶p tXm¶n. Rm\pw IqsS Dm-bn-cp¶ cp-t]-cpw-IqSn ]pg-bn-en-d§n Ipfn XpS-§n.
Ccn-«n-]p-g-bnse Ipfn
Ipfn-¡p-t¼mÄ \o´-W-sa¶p tXm-¶n. Bdp \o´n IS-¡p-hm³ R§-sfm-cp-§n. ]Ip-Xn-bn-tesd \o´n R§Ä t]mbn-cn-¡-Ww. AXn-\p-Ån-se-\n¡p `b-am-bn. A¡-c-]n-Sn-¡m³ km[n-¡msX t]mbmtem? Rm³ aS§n \o´p-hm³ XpS-§n. A¡cbnse-¯p-¶-Xn-t\-¡mÄ Zqcw aS§n \o´n-bmse C¡-sc-sb-¯p-I-bp-Åq. I¿pw Imepw XfÀ¶p XpS-§n. Fsâ bm{X Ccn-«n-]p-g-bn Ah-km-\n-¡p-hm³ t]mIp-I-bm-sW¶p tXm¶n. s]s«¶v Ft´m I¿n XS-ªp. AXv ]nSn¨pw sImv Rms\m¶v shÅ-¯n IqSn hen-ªp. At¸mÄ Imep-IÄ \new-sXm-Sp-¶p-s¶p t_m²y-am-bn. Hcp apfw-Im-Snsâ I¼v ]pg-bn Ipsd-Zqcw hsc F¯n shÅ-¯n Ip¯n-\n¡p-¶p-m-bn-cp-¶p. AXn-em-bn-cp¶p Fsâ ssI sN¶p X«n-b-Xv. AXv AhnsS CÃm-bn-cp-¶p-sh-¦n Fsâ icocw hf]-«-W-t¯mfw Hcp-]s£ H-gpIn \S-t¡-n-h-cp-am-bn-cp-¶p. CsX-gp-Xp-hm³ Rm\p-mhp-Ibpw sN¿p-am-bn-cp-¶n-Ã.
ate-dnbm
Ccn-«n-bnÂ\n¶v t]cm-hq-cn-te-¡pw, Ahn-sS-\n¶v s\Spw-s]m-bn-en-te¡pw R§Ä ssk¡n-tfm-Sn¨p t]mbn. s\Spw-s]m-bn-en \n¶v 23 \mgnI ssk¡nÄ Nhn-«n-bmWv R§Ä Xe-tÈ-cn-bn-se-¯n-b-Xv. \me©p Znh-k-§Ä¡p-Ån F\n¡p ate-dnbm _m[n-¨p. A¡m-
e¯v a«-¶qÀ, Ccn«n, t]cm-hqÀ, s\Spw-s]m-bn F¶o Øe-§-fn-seÃmw ate-dnbm Dm-bn-cp-¶p. ae-¼-\n-bnÂ\n¶p Hcp c£bpw In«msX Rm³ IjvS-s¸-Sp-I-bm-bn-cp-¶p. ]e acp-¶p-Ifpw Ign-¨p-t\m-¡n. \me©pZnh-k-§Ä ]\n \n¶p-I-gn-ªm ]ns¶bpw ]\n hcpw.
A§s\ \me©p amk-§Ä Rm³ ]\n-]n-Sn¨p InS-¶p. B Im-e-L-«-¯n-\p-Ån cp {][m\ kw`-h-§-fp-m-bn. H¶v tIcfm tkmjy-enÌp ]mÀ«n-bpsS cmw-k-t½-f\w 1930-þ Xe-tÈcn Su¬ lm-fnÂsh¨p _m_p k¼qÀ®m-\-µsâ (]n-¶oSv D¯À{]-tZiv apJy-a-{´nbpw cmP-Øm³ K-hÀ®-cp-am-bn-cp¶ At±-lw) A²y-£-X-bn \S-¶-XmWv. asäm¶v {ioam³ F. sI. tKm]m-e-sâ-bpw, Nt{´m¯v Ipªn-cm-a³\m-b-cp-tSbpw t\Xr-Xz-¯n (AXv tIm¬{KÊv tkmjy-enÌp ]mÀ«n-bpsS t\Xr-Xz-¯n-em-bn-cp-¶n-Ã) 1936 Pqembv amk-¯n I®q-cnÂ\n¶v Hcp ImÂ\-S-PmY aZn-cm-in-hsc \S-¶p-t]m-b-Xp-am-bn-cp-¶p. Cu cp kw`-h-§-fnepw ]s¦-Sp-¡p-hm³ km[n-¡msX h¶-Xn F\n¡p henb \ncm-i-tXm-¶n. A§ns\ ]\nbpw ]nSn¨v ho«n Xs¶ Ign-bp-t¼m-gmWv "Bä-{_n³' F¶v Hcp PÀ½³Kp-fnI Ign-¡p-hm-\n-S-h-¶-Xv. GXm\pw Znh-k-§Ä¡p-Ån Fsâ ae-¼\n Fs¶ hn«p-t]m-bn. A{Xbpw \mÄ thsdmcp tcmK-¯nepw Rm\n-Xp-hsc In-S-t¡n h¶n-«n-Ã.
_olmÀ `qI¼w
_olm-dn AXn-`-b-¦-c-amb Hcp `qI-¼-ap-m-bn. \mi-\-jvS-§Ä¡v I¿pw IW-¡p-ap-m-bn-cp-¶n-Ã. Bfp-I-fpw, ]ip-¡fpw F{X-bmWv `qI-¼-¯nsâ ^e-ambn acn-¨p-t]m-b-sX¶Xn-s\-¡p-dn¨p IW¡p ]d-bpI {]bm-k-am-bn-cp-¶p. C´ysb BI-am\w ]nSn¨p Ipep¡nb Hcp kw`-h-am-bn-cp¶p AXv. _m_p cmtP-{µ-{]-kmZv Hcp Zpcn-X-\n-hm-c-W-\n[n Bcw-`n-¨p. C´ym-ssh-t{km-bnbpw _olm-dnse Zpcn-X-§-fpsS t]cn Hcp ^p ]ncn-¨p-Xp-S-§n. Xe-tÈ-cn-bnepw cmtP-{µ-_m-_p-hnsâ B`n-ap-Jy-¯n-epÅ ^p ]ncn-hn-\p-thn Hcp I½nän cq]o-I-cn-¡p-hm³ IS-¸p-d¯p Hcp tbmKw hnfn¨pIq«n-bn-cp-¶p. tbmK-¯nÂsh¨v {io. In\m¯n \mcm-b-W³ A²y-£-\m-bpw, {ioam³ Fw.]n. Zmtam-Z-c³, Nt{´m¯v Ipªn-cm-a³ \mbÀ XpS-§nb Ipsd B-fp-IÄ sa¼Àam-cmbpw Hcp I½nän cq]o-I-cn-¨p. B I½n-än-bnÂ
Hcp AwK-ambn Fsâ t]cpw {io. Fw.-]n. Zmtam-Z-c³ \nÀt±-in-¨p. At¸mÄ Xm³ Bcm-sW¶pw aäpw I½-nän-bpsS A²y-£-\mbn \nÀt±-in-¡-s¸-«n-cp¶ In\m-¯n-tbmSp Zmtam-Z-c³ ]d-ªp-sIm-Sp-¡p-¶-Xmbn F\n¡p ImWm-am-bn-cp-¶p. A¶p cq]o-I-cn¨ I½n-än-bn Gähpw {]mbw Ipd-hpÅ sa¼À Rm\m-bn-cp-¶p.
Rm³ Häbv-¡p-t]mbn ]W-¸n-cnhp \S-¯n-¯p-S-§n. lbÀ Fen-saâdn kvIqfp-I-fnepw sslkvIq-fp-I-fn-epw -t]mbn Ip«n-I-tfmSp {]kw-Kn-¨n-«mWv Rm³ ]Ww ]ncn-¸n-¨-Xv. alm-Ihn hÅ-t¯mÄ A¡m-e¯v _olm-dnse `qI-¼-s¯-¡p-dn-s¨-gp-Xnb Ihn-X-bn \n¶pÅ D²-c-Wn-I-tfm-Sp-Iq-Sn-bm-bn-cp¶p Fsâ {]kw-K-§Ä. ]Xn-\©pw Ccp-]Xpw cp] hoXw Rm³ A§ns\ Hmtcm kvIqfnÂ\n¶pw ]ncnhp \S-¯n, I½n-änsb IW¡p t_m[n-¸n¨p XpS-§n-b-t¸mÄ Fs¶ I½n-än-bnse aäpÅ AwK-§Ä IW-¡n-se-Sp-¯p-Xp-S-§n.
Hcp \mSIw \S¯n Ipsd ]Ww tiJ-cn-¡p-hm³ I½nän Xocp-am-\n-¨p. A§ns\ Su¬lm-fnÂsh¨p R§Ä Hcp \mSIw \S-¯n. aqÆm-bn-c-t¯mfw cq]m ]n-cn-ªp-In-«n. B cq]m tI{µ-I-½-nän¡p Ab¨p sImSp-¡p-Ibpw sN-bvXp. _olmÀ Zpcn-X-\n-hm-c-W-I-½n-än-¡pthn Rm³ A\p-jvTn¨ tkh-\-§Ä Fs¶ Xe-tÈ-cn-bnse s]mXp-Imcy {]hÀ¯-I-·m-cn Hcm-fm¡n DbÀ¯n. Fs¶ s]mXp-cw-K¯v BZy-ambn \m«p-ImÀ IXpw _olmÀ Zpcn-X-\n-hm-c-W-I-½n-än-bnÂIqsS Bbn-cp-¶p. Fs¶ kw_-Ôn¨p ]d-bp-I-bm-sW-¦n cmjv{Sob aÞ-e-¯nepw kmaqly aÞ-e-¯nepw Rm³ Fsâ t\Xm-hns\ Is-¯n-bXv _olmÀ Zpcn-X-\n-hm-c-W-{]-hÀ¯-\-§-fn IqSn-bm-bn-cp-¶p. Fsâ cmjv{So-b-þ-km-aqly Pohn-X-§sf hf-sc-¡mew \nb-{´n-¡p-Ibpw AXn¶p t\XrXzw \ÂIp-Ibpw sNbvXn-cp¶ In\m¯n \mcm-b-Ws\ Rm³ ASp¯p ]cn-N-bn-¡p-hm³ XpS-§n-bXpw At±lw Fs¶ kvt\ln-¡p-hm³ XpS-§n-bXpw B Ime-L-«-¯n-em-bn-cp-¶p. B _Ô-¯n\p AXn-sâ-Xmb KpW-§fpw tZmj-§-fp-ap-m-bn-cp-¶p--sh-¦nepw Fsâ s]mXp-Po-hnXw Icp-¸n-Sn-¨Xv B hS-hr-£s¯ Npän-¸-än-bm-bn-cp-¶p-sh¶p IrX-Ú-Xm-]qÀÆw kvacn-t¡-n-bn-cn-¡p-¶p.
In\m¯n \mcm-b-Wsâ t\Xr-Xz-an-Ãm-Xn-cp¶ s]mXp-{]-Øm-\-§
sfm-¶pw-Xs¶ A¶p Xe-tÈ-cn-bn-ep-m-bn-cp-¶n-Ã. B kqcy-\p-Npäpw Ah-c-h-cpsS {`a-W-]-Y-§-fn k©-cn-¨p-sIm-n-cp¶ tKmf-§-fm-bn-cp¶p Fw.-]n. Zmtam-Z-c³, htS-c-tKm-]m-e³, C.-sI. _m¸p-«n, kn.-F-¨v. Ipªn-cm-a³ \¼ymÀ, Iqtem-¯pw-In _me³, kn.-F-¨v.sI. \¼ymÀ, Fw.-F.-sI. \¼ymÀ, sI. `mkvI-c³ (C-t¸mÄ tIcf sslt¡mÀ«v PUvPn) F¶n-hcpw Rm\pw aäp ]e-cpw. Ipd-¨p-Im-es¯ {]hÀ¯-\-§Ä¡ptijw In\m¯n tIm¬{KÊv F¶ t]cn-emWv aäpÅ tIm¬{KÊpImÀ¡n-S-bnepw tIm¬{K-Ên\p ]pd-¯p-Å-hÀ¡n-S-bnepw R§Ä Adn-b-s¸-«n-cp-¶-Xv. GsX-¦nepw Hcp {]hÀ¯\w In\m¯n tIm¬{K-Ênsâ D¯-c-hm-Zn-Xz-¯n-emWv \S-¡p-hm³ t]mIp-¶-sX¶p tI«m AXnsâ Kmw-`o-cy-s¯-¡p-dn-¨pw, ta·-sb-¡p-dn¨pw BtcmSpw ]ns¶ H¶pw ]d-tb--Xm-bn-«p-m-bn-cp-¶n-Ã.
A§ns\ GXmp ImÂ\q-äm-p-Imew Xe-tÈ-cn¡pw Hcp-hn-[-¯n ae-_m-dn\pw XymK-]qÀ®-hpw, t¢i-]qÀ®-hp-amb t\XrXzw \ÂIn-sImp hncm-Pn¨ Hcp alm-]p-cp-j-\m-bn-cp¶p In\m¯n \mcm-b-W³.
AXn\nS-bn Rm³ CâÀao-Un-bäv ]co£ ]mÊm-hp-I-bpw, A¶p Xe-tÈcn tImtf-Pn _n.-F. ¢mÊp-IÄ CÃm-Xn-cp-¶-Xp-sImpw D-]-cn-]-T-\mÀ°w a{Zm-Ên-te¡p bm{X-Xn-cn-¡p-Ibpw sNbvXp. a{Zmkv {InkvXy³ tImtf-Pn-em-bn-cp¶p _n.-F.¡v tNcp-hm³ Rm³ At]£ kaÀ¸n-¨n-cp-¶-Xv. A¶p tImtfPv C¶pÅ Xmw_-c-¯n-em-bn-cp-¶n-Ã. a{ZmÊv sslt¡m-S-Xn-bpsS FXnÀ`m-K¯p InS-¶n-cp¶ Hcp Iq«w sI«n-S-§-fn-emWv A¶v {InkvXy³ tImtfPv \S-¶n-cp-¶-Xv. tImtfPv {]n³kn-¸mÄ A¶v Pohn-¨n-cp¶ kp{]-kn² XXz-Nn-´-I-cn-sem-cm-fm-bn-cp¶ tUm: F.-Pn.-tlmÀ¤v Bbn-cp-¶p. s{]m^-kÀ t_mbnUv, dh-dâv amIv\n¡v tImÄ, dh-dâv amIvs^-bnÂ, s{]m^-kÀ tImÀen XpS§n kvtIm«n-jp-Imcpw Cw¥o-jp-Im-cp-amb Ipsd s{]m^-kÀamcpw C´ym-¡m-cmb aäp-Nne s{]m^-kÀam-cp-am-Wv R§-fpsS A²ym-]-I-hr-µ§fn-ep-m-bn-cp-¶-Xv. s{]m^-kÀ tPmjz F¶ Hcp ae-bmfn s{]m^-kdpw A¶p A¡q-«-¯n-ep-m-bn-cp-¶p.
{InkvXy³ tImtf-Pn¶v ]e hnZymÀ°n tlmÌ-ep-IÄ Dm-bn-cp-¶-Xn "sIbn¯v\ÊvlmÄ' F¶ tlmÌ-en-emWv Rm³ Xma-kn-¨-Xv. {InkvXy³ tImtf-Pn ]Tn¨ cp sImÃhpw Fsâ Pohn-X-¯nse {][m-\-s¸« Hcp Ime-L-«-ambn Rm³ IW-¡m-¡p-¶p. Ahn-sS-h-¨mWv `mhn-Po-hn-X-¯n-\m-h-iy-amb Ht«sd ]cn-io-e-\-§Ä t\Sp-hm³ F\n¡p km[n-¨-Xv. AhnsS A²ym-]-I-·mcpw hnZymÀ°n-I-fp-am-bpÅ _Ôw asä§pw ImWm¯ Xc-¯n-ep-Å-Xm-bn-cp-¶p. s{]m^-kÀamÀ, hnti-jn¨pw shÅ-¡m-cmb s{]m^-kÀamÀ tImtfPv hnZymÀ°n-I-fmb R§-tfmSv kz´w Ip«n-I-tfm-sS¶ \ne-bn-emWv s]cp-am-dn-bn-cp-¶-Xv. tlmÌ-en Xma-kn-¡p¶ Ip«n-I-fn-emÀs¡-¦nepw tcmKw h¶m {]n³kn-¸m-fnsâ `mcy-bm-bn-cp¶ anÊn-kv. tlmÀ¤v AhnsS F¯n Ahsc ip{iq-jn-¡p-am-bn-cp-¶p. Zmcn{Zyw sImv t¢i-§-f-\p-`-hn-¡p¶ Ip«n-Isf tXSn-]n-Sn¨v AhÀ [\-k-lmbw sN¿p-am-bn-cp-¶p. shÅ-¡m-cnepw hfsc \à Bfp-I-fp-s¶v F\n-¡mZyw a\-Ên-em-bXv Rm³ {InkvXy³tIm-tfPv hnZymÀ°n-bm-b-Xn-\p-ti-j-am-Wv. "ae-bmf at\m-ca'bpsS ]{Xm-[n-]À {io. sI.-Fw. sNdn-bm³ {InkvXy³tIm-tf-Pn As¶mcp eIvN-dm-bn-cp-¶p.
Pq\n-bÀ _n.F.bv¡v ]Tn-¨p-sIm-n-cp-¶-t¸m-gmWv Rm³ tImtfPv bqWn-b³ sk{I-«-dn-bmbn Xnc-sª-Sp-¡-s¸-«-Xv. AXp-sImv aZn-cmin \K-c-¯n A¶p-m-bn-cp¶ {][m-\n-I-fn ]e-tcbpw t]mbn ImWp-hm\pw tImtf-Pn-te¡p £Wn-¡p-hm\pw F\n-¡-¡m-e¯v Ah-kcw In«n-bn-cp-¶p. ]n¶oSv kzX{´ C´y-bpsS cm-as¯ {]kn-Uâm-bn-cp¶ tUm: Fkv. cm[m-Ir-jvW-t\bpw, B{Ôm kÀÆ-I-em-ime sshkv Nm³k-eÀ Bbn-cp¶ tUm: kn.-BÀ. sdUvVn, tI{µ-\n-b-a-\nÀ½mW k`-bn tIm¬{KÊv ]mÀ«n-bpsS D]-t\-Xm-hm-bn-cp¶ {io. FÊv. kXy-aqÀ¯n. ssht{km-bn-bpsS FIvkn-Iyq-«ohv Iu¬kn AwK-am-bn-cp¶ kÀ. BÀ¡m«v cma-kzman apX-en-bmÀ, a{Zmkv apJy-a-{´n-bm-bn-cp¶ tUmIvSÀ ]n. kpº-cm-b³ XpS-§n-b-h-scÃmw B Xc-¯nÂs]-Sp-¶-h-cm-bn-cp-¶p. Ah-cn ]ecpw tImtf-Pn hcn-Ibpw {]kw-K-§Ä sN¿p-Ibpw sNbvXn-«p-v. tUm: cm[m-Ir-jvW\v tImtf-Pn A¡pdn hcp-hm³ kuI-cy-s¸-«n-sÃ-¦nepw tUm: tlmÀ¤n-t\mSv X\n-¡pÅ Aku-I-cy-s¯-¡p-dn¨v {]tXyIw ]d-b-W-sa¶v Ft¶m-S-t±lw ]d-ªn-cp-¶p. apI-fn Rm³ tNÀ¯n-cn-¡p¶ t]cp-Im-scÃmw a{Zmkv {InkvXy³tI-tf-Pnse ]qÀÆ-hn-ZymÀ°n-I-fm-bn-cp-¶p.
{InkvXy³tImtf-Pn Rm³ ]Tn-¨p-sIm-n-cp¶ Ime¯v C´ybpsS alm-·m-cmb t\Xm-¡-fn ]ecpw a{Zmkv kµÀin-¡p-Ibpw Ah-cp-sS-sbÃmw {]kw-K-§Ä tIÄ¡p-hm³ F\n-¡-h-kcw In«p-Ibpw sNbvXn-cp-¶p. hniz-a-lm-Ihn hco-{µ-\m-Y-Sm-tKmÀ, {ioaXn ktcm-Pn\n \mbn-Up, tI{µ-\n-b-a-\nÀ½m-W-k-`-bnse tIm¬-{KÊv ]mÀ«n-bpsS t\Xm-hm-bn-cp¶ `qem-`mbv tZim-bn, tIm¬{KÊv A²y£\m-bn-cp¶ {io. FÊv. {io\n-hmk A¿-¦À, tUm: B\n-_-kâv, ssdäv HmW-d-_nÄ {io\n-hm-k-imkv{Xn F¶n-§s\ H«-\-h-[n-t]À B ]«n-I-bnÂs¸Sp-¶p.
alm-Ihn cho-{µ-\m-Y-Sm-tKmÀ
alm-Ihn cho-{µ-\m-Y-Sm-tKm-dnsâ HSp-hn-es¯ a{Zmkv kµÀi-\-am-bn-cp¶p AsX-s¶-\n¡p tXm¶p-¶p. At±lw a{Zm-ÊnÂ- h¶v {ioaXn B\n-_-kân-sâbpw Ah-cpsS t\Xr-Xz-¯n-epÅ {_Ò-hn-Zym-kw-L-¯n-sâbpw AXn-Yn-bmbn Ipd¨p Znh-k-§Ä AU-bm-dn Xma-kn-¨p. B Ime¯v aZn-cm-in-\-K-c-¯n At±lw ]s¦-Sp¯ Ht«sd ]cn-]m-Sn-I-fp-m-bn-cp-¶p. alm-Ihn SmtKm-dnsâ {]`m-j-W-
§-fpw, \mS-I-§fpw dkn-tä-j³kpw A-h-bnÂs¸-Sp-¶p. a{Zm-Ênse hnZymÀ°n-I-fpsS hI At±-l-¯n-s\mcp kzoI-c-Whpw ]W-¡ngn kaÀ¸-Whpw Dm-bn-cp-¶p.
]W-¡ngn kaÀ¸n-¡p-hm³ hnZymÀ°n-IÄ Xnc-sª-Sp-¯n-cp-¶-Xv, {ioaXn A½p kzman-\m-Ysâ ]p{Xnbpw A¶v saUn-¡Â tImtfPv hnZymÀ°n-\n-bpw, ]n¶oSv e^v{Sv\âv tIW e£van F¶ t]cn C´y-sb§pw kp{]-kn-²-bpw, t\XmPn kp`mjv N{µ-t_m-knsâ A\p-bm-bn-bp-amb anÊv. e£van kzman-\mY-s\-bm-bn-cp¶p. Iq«-¯n Hcp hmf-n-b-dmbn Rm\p-ap-m-bn-cp-¶p. alm-I-hn¡v Ingn kaÀ¸n-¡p-hm³ thn hnZymÀ-°n-IÄ H¯p-Iq-Sn-bXp tdmbvt]« tIm¬{KÊv lukn-\p- k-ao-]-apÅ "anUvev' Xntb-ä-dn-em-bn-cp¶p. Ingn kaÀ¸-Whpw alm-I-hn-bpsS {]`m-j-Whpw kz´w Ihn-X-bnÂ\n-¶pÅ D²-c-W-§fpw Ign-ª-Xn-\p-tijw tbmKw Ah-km-\n-¨p. hmÀ²-Iyw-sImv t\sc \S-¡p-hm³ Bhm-Xn-cp¶ alm-Ihn tÌPnÂ\n¶p Xmtgm-s«-bv¡n-d-§p-hm³ apt¶m«p \o§n. ]c-k-lm-bw-Iq-SmsX Xmtgm-«n-d-§p-hm³ km²y-a-söp tXm¶n-b-t¸mÄ At±lw Xsâ ssI \o«n. ASp-¯p-Xs¶ \n¶n-cp¶ Rm³ Fsâ ssIsIm--t±-ls¯ ]nSn¨v tImWn-bn-d-§p-hm³ klm-bn-¨p. Atlm- a-lm-Ihn cho-{µ-\m-Y-Sm-tKm-dns\ ssI ]nSn-¨n-d-¡p-hm³ klm-bn-¨p-sh-¶pÅ _lp-aXn F\n-¡m-WtÃm In«n-bXv F¶pÅ Nn´ Fs¶ A`n-am-\-]p-f-In-X-\m-¡n.
ktcm-Pn-\n- \m-bnUp
{ioaXn ktcm-Pn-\n- \m-bn-Up-hnsâ a{Zmkv k-µÀi-\-§-fn-sem¶p Fsâ hnZymÀ°nPohn-X-Im-e-¯mWv Dm-b-Xv. tKmJse lmfn sh¨v lnam-e-b-¯nÂ\n-¶pÅ KwKm-{]-hm-l-s¯-t¸mse Ah-cpsS kmln-Xo-{]-hmlw ]c-s¶m-gp-Ip-I-bm-bn-cp-¶p. AXn-\n-S-bn Bcpw ImWmsX Rm³ sasà t¹ävt^man F¯n-t¨-cp-Ibpw Ah-cpsS ]nd-In \n¶p-sImv {]kwKw {i²n-¡p-Ibpw sNbvXp-sIm-n-cp-¶p. {]kwKw Ah-km-\n-¸n¨v AhÀ Itk-e-bn Ccp-¶-t¸mÄ Itk-c-bv¡-Sp-¯p-\n-¶n-cp¶ Fsâ ssI Ah-cpsS ]pd-hp-ambn H¶p-c-kn-sb¶p ]d-bmw.
A§s\ _n.-F. hnZymÀ°n-bm-bn-cp¶ F\n¡v A¶v `mc-X-¯n Pohn-¨n-cp¶ alm-·m-cnepw al-Xn-I-fnepw \mep-t]sc ssIsImp
sXmSp-hm-\pÅ `mKyw kn²n-¨n-cp-¶p-sh¶v Rm³ A`n-am-\n-¡m-dpm-bn-cp-¶p. hgn-{I-a-¯n Ph-lÀem s\lvdp, alm-ßm-Km-Ôn, alm-Ihn cho-{µ-\m-Y-Sm-tKmÀ, ktcmPn-\n-\m-bnUp F¶-nh-cm-bn-cp¶p AhÀ.
{io\n-hm-k- imkv{Xn
ssdäv HmW-d-_nÄ hn. FÊv. {io\n-hm-k- imkv{Xn As¶mcp Znhkw aZn-cm-in-bn {]kw-Kn-¡p-¶p-s¶p R-§-f-dn-ªp. At±-l-¯nsâ Cw¥ojv {]kwKw AXy-Ûp-X-I-c-am-sW¶pw Cw¥ojv `mj Cw¥o-jp-Im-sc-¡mÄ `wKn-bmbn ssIImcyw sN¿p-hm³ Ign-hpÅ Bfm-W-t±-l-sa¶pw R§Ä t\cs¯ tI«n-cp-¶p. "knÂhÀS-§vSvimkv{Xn' (sh-Ån-\m-¡pÅ imkv{Xn) F¶m-Ws{X At±-l-s¯-¡p-dn¨v Cw-¥ojpImÀ ]d-bp-I. A§n-s\-bpÅ imkv{Xnsb H¶p ImWp-hm\pw At±-l-¯nsâ {]kwKw tIÄ¡p-hm\pw km[n-¡p-I-sb-¶p-ÅXv Hc-]qÀÆ _lp-a-Xn-bm-W-tÃm. AXpw a{Zm-ÊnÂ\n-¶-ÃmsX asä-hn-sS-\n¶pw km[n-¡m-hp-¶-X-Ã. A§n-s\-bmWv {io\n-hm-k-im-kv{Xn-bpsS {]kwKw tIÄ¡p-hm³ R§Ä t]mb-Xv. AXp-tI«v Ign-ª-t¸mÄ Cw¥o-jp-Im-cn Gähpw hmNm-e-s\-¡mÄ hmNm-e-ambn {]kw-Kn-¡p-hm³ Ign-bp¶ BÄX-s¶-bmWv shÅn-\m-¡pÅ imkv{Xn-sb¶p R§Ä¡p t_m²y-am-bn. AXn-\p-ap¼v {io\n-hm-k-imkv{Xn `mc-X-tk-hm-kw-L-¯nsâ A²y-£-\m-bn-cp-¶p. AXn-\p-tijw At±lw A®m-asse kÀÆ-I-em-im-e-bpsS sshkv Nm³k-e-dp-am-bn-cp-¶p. anX-hm-Zn-I-fmb cmjv{Sob Nn´-I-·m-cn Hcm-fm-bn-cp-¶p. {ioam³ imkv{Xn, {InkvXy³ tImtf-Pn hnZymÀ°n-bm-bn-cp¶ Ime¯v At±-l-¯n\v A®m-asse kÀ-Æ-I-em-im-e-bn-te¡v Rm³ Hsc-gp-¯-b-¨n-cp-¶p. A¯-c-¯n-sem-sc-gp¯v asämcp kÀ-Æ-I-em-im-e-bn-te¡v Ab-bv¡p-¶Xp icn-b-söp Fsâ {]n³kn-¸m-fm-bn-cp¶ tUm: tlmÀ¤v Fs¶ hnfn-¨p-]-tZ-in¨ Imcyhpw Rm³ ChnsS Xpd-¶p-]-d-b-s«. A®m-asse kÀÆ-I-em-im-e-bnÂsh¨v \S-¯p-hm-\p-t±-in¨ {]kw-K-a-Õ-c-¯n R§-fpsS tImtf-Pnse bqWn-bsâ Xocp-am-\-§-sf-¡p-dn-¨m-bn-cp¶p Rm\-t±-l-¯n-s\-gp-Xn-bn-cp-¶-Xv.
sXc-sª-Sp¸v
ko\n-bÀ _n.-F. ¢mÊn Rm³ ]Tn-¡p¶ Ime-¯mWv tI{µ
\n-b-a-k-`-bn-te-¡pÅ sXc-sª-Sp-¸p-IÄ \S-¶-Xv. a{ZmÊv knän \ntbm-P-I-a-Þ-e-¯nÂ-\n¶v Hcmsf \nb-a-k-`-bn-tebv¡p sXc-sª-Sp-t¡--Xp-m-bn-cp-¶p. {io. FÊv. kXy-aqÀ¯nbpw kÀ BÀ¡m«v cma-kzman apX-en-bmcpw X½n-em-bn-cp¶p At¸mÄ aÕ-cw. kXy-aqÀ¯n tIm¬{K-Ên-tâbpw cma-kzman apX-en-bmÀ PÌnkv ]mÀ«n-bp-sSbpw Øm\mÀ°n-I-fm-bn-cp-¶p. cp-t]cpw {InkvXy³ tImtf-Pnse ]qÀÆ-hn-ZymÀ°n-I-fp-am-bn-cp-¶p.
s]mXp-P-\-§-fpsS ]n´pW A¡m-e¯v {]tXy-In¨pw tIm¬{K-Ên-\m-bn-cp-¶p-sh¶v ]d-tb--Xn-Ã-tÃm. tImtfPv hnZymÀ°n-I-fm-bn-cp¶ R§fpw sXc-sª-Sp¸p {]hÀ¯-\-§-fn Ign-bp-¶{X ]¦v hln-¨n-cp-¶p. cp Øm\mÀ°n-I-sfbpw tImtf-Pn-te¡v £Wn-¨p. R§Ä {]kw-Kn-¸n-¡p-Ibpw sNbvXn-cp-¶p. kXy-aqÀ¯n-bpsS sXc-sª-Sp-¸p-hn-Pbw R§Ä BËm-Z-]qÀÆw sImm-Sp-Ibpw sNbvXp.
tImtfPv bqWn-b³ {]kn-Uv
Rm³ Pq\n-bÀ _n.-F.¡p ]Tn-¡p¶ Imew hsc tImtfPv bqWn-b³ sNbÀam³ s{]m^-ÊÀam-cn Hcmfpw sk{I-«dn hnZymÀ°n-I-fnÂ\n¶v sXc-sª-Sp-¡-s¸-Sp¶ Hcmfpw F¶p-Å-Xm-bn-cp¶p ]Xn-hv. F¶m Rm³ ko\n-bÀ _n.-F.¡p F¯n-b-t¸mÄ B ]Xn-hn\v amäw h¶p. bqWn-b³ sNbÀam\pw sk{I-«-dnbpw sXc-sª-Sp-¡-s¸-Sp¶ hnZymÀ°nI-fm-bn-cn-¡W-sa¶ \ne At¸m-tgbv¡pw h¶p Ign-ªn-cp-¶p. A§s\ tImtfPv bqWn-b-\p-I-fn-tebv¡v sXc-sª-Sp-¸p \S-¶p. AXp-hsc bqWnb³ sk{I-«-dn-bm-bn-cp¶ Fs¶-Xs¶ ASp¯ sImÃ-t¯¡p bqWn-b³ {]kn-U-m-bpw sXc-sª-Sp-¯p.
¦mNm-cn-sb¶ Hcp Xangv hnZymÀ°n-bm-bn-cp¶p Fsâ FXn-cm-fn. XnI¨pw bmZr-Ñn-I-am-sW-¦nepw B sImÃw a{ZmÊv {]kn-U³kn tImtf-Pnepw Iyq³ta-cokv tImtf-Pnepw bqWn-b³ {]kn-Up-am-cmbn sXc-sª-Sp-¡-s¸« hnZymÀ-°n-IÄ Xe-tÈ-cn-¡m-cm-bn-cp-¶p. {ioam³ aqÀt¡m¯p Ipam-csâ cm-as¯ ]p{X³ aqÀt¡m¯p cmap-®nsb {]kn-U³kn tImtf-Pn-epw, ]tc-X-\mb {ioaXn Iuk-eysb Iyq³ta-cokv tImtf-Pnepw sXc-sª-Sp-¡-s¸-«p.
`qem-`mbv {]kw-Kn¨ tbmKw
bqWn-th-gvknän bqWn-bsâ B`n-apJy-¯n tI{µ-\n-b-a-\nÀ½m-W-k-`-bnse tIm¬{Kkv t\Xm-hmb `qem-`mbv tZim-bn-bpsS Hcp {]kwKw GÀ¸mSp sNbvXn-«p-m-bn-cp-¶p. {InkvXy³ tImtf-Pn-epÅ B³UÀk¬ lmfm-bn-cp¶p {]kw-K-Ø-ew. lmfn HgnªpInS-¶n-cp¶ Itk-c-I-fn Nne-Xn Rm\pw Fsâ kvt\ln-X-·m-cn Nnecpw sN¶n-cp-¶p. Ipd¨p Ign-ª-t¸mÄ ]ss¨-b-¸mk tImtf-Pnse Hcp s{]m^-kÀ Ahn-sS-h¶v R§-tfmSv Fgp-t¶Â¡p-hm³ BÚm-]n-¨p. Rm³ {InkvXy³ tImtfPv bqWn-b³ sNbÀam-\m-sW¶v Fsâ kplr-¯p-¡Ä s{]m^-Ê-tdmSp ]d-ªp-sh-¦nepw At±-l-aXp kzoI-cn-¡msX R§Ä Ahn-sS-\n¶v Fgp-t¶äp t]mI-W-sa¶v \nÀ_Ôw ]nSn-¨p. R-§-fpsS kw`m-j-W-§Ä B lmfn IqSn-bn-cp-¶-h-scÃmw {i²n-¡p-¶p-m-bn-cp-¶p. \nhr-¯n-bn-söp I-t¸mÄ Fsâ kvt\ln-X-·m-cn hn¹-h-t_m[w IqSp-X-ep-m-bn-cp¶ {io the-¸³]nÅ Fgp-t¶äv \n¶v ]ss¨-b-¸mkv tImtf-Pnse Hcp s{]m^-kÀ {InkvXy³tIm-tfPv bqWn-b³ sNbÀams\ A]-am-\n-¨n-cn-¡p-I-bm-sW¶pw AXp-sImv {InkvXy³ tImtf-Pnse hnZymÀ°n-I-sfÃmw tbmK-¯n \n¶p Cd-§-W-sa¶pw ]d-ªp. {InkvXy³tIm-tfPv hnZymÀ°n-I-sfÃmw Cd§n ]pd-¯p-t]m-bn. {io `qem-`mbv tZim-bn-tbmSv A¶-hnsS {]kw-Kn-¡-cp-sX¶v At]-£n-¡-W-sa¶pw ]dªv lmfn \ns¶mcp hm¡u«v \S-¯n. Rm\pw {InkvXy³tIm-tfPv hnZymÀ°n-Ifpw {ioam³ the-¸s\ ]n´p-SÀ¶v lmfnÂ\n¶v ]pd-¯n-d-§n. `qem-`m-bn-bpsS hchpw Im¯n-cn-¸m-bn.
tbmK-¯n {]kw-Kn-¡p-hm³thn `qem-`mbv tZimbn BÂUÀk¬ lmfnsâ Ihm-S-¯n-se-¯n-b-t¸mÄ the-¸³ At±-ls¯ kao-]n-¡p-Ibpw Imcy-§Ä ]d-bp-Ibpw sNbvXp. GXm-bmepw R-§-fpsS B tIÊn `qem-`m-bnsb R§Ä a²y-Ø-\m-¡n. At±lw R§-sf-sbÃmw £Wn¨v lmfn-\p-Ån-te¡v IS-¡p-Ibpw Ahn-sS-h-¨-t±lw DÖz-e-am-sbmcp {]kwKw sN¿p-Ibpw sNbvXp. B {]kw-K-¯n A¶s¯ B kw`-hs¯¡pdn¨pw At±lw ]d-ªp.
alm-ßm-KmÔn a{Zm-knÂ
Z£n-W-`m-cX lnµn {]Nm-c-k-`-bpsS hmÀjn-I-k-t½-f-\-¯nÂ
]s¦-Sp-¡p-hm\pw `mc-Xob kmln-Xy-]-cn-j-¯n kw_-Ôn-¡p-hm-\pw-thn alm-ßm-KmÔn At¸mÄ aZn-cm-in-bn h¶n-cp-¶p. At±lw Xma-kn-¨n-cp-¶Xv lnµn{]Nm-c-k-`-bpsS sI«n-S-§-fn H¶n-em-bn-cp-¶p. \me-©p-Zn-h-k-§Ä At±lw AhnsS Xma-kn-¨n-cp-¶p.
B Znh-k-§-fn-seÃmw sIbn-¯v\Êv lmfnÂ\n¶p As©«p ssaep-IÄ ssk¡nÄ Nhn«n Fsâ kvt\ln-X³ Ipam-c-ta-t\m\pw Rm\pw KmÔn-Pnsb ImWp-hm\pw tbmK-§-fn kw_-Ôn-¡p-hm\pw XymK-cm-P-\-K-dp-hsc t]mIm-dp-m-bn-cp-¶p. cm{Xn hfsc sshIn ssk¡n-fnÂXs¶ R§Ä tlm-Ì-en-te¡p aS-§p-Ibpw sN¿pw. alm-ßm-Km-Ôn-tbbpw At±-l-¯nsâ ss{]häv sk{I-«-dn-bm-bn-cp¶ alm-tZh tZim-bn-sbbpw Znh-khpw ImWp-hm³ R§Ä¡-§s\ kµÀ`w e`n-¨n-cp-¶p. HcpZnhkw kt½-f-\-¯n kw_-Ôn-¡p-hm³thn alm-ßPn lmfn-te--¡p-h-¶p. At±-l-¯nsâ sNcp¸v lmfn\p shfn-bn hmXn-en-\-Sp¯v At±lw h¨p. AhnsS InS-¡p¶ sNcp-¸p-IÄ alm-ß-Pn-bp-tS-Xm-sW-¶-dn-bmsX tbmK-¯n kw_-Ôn-¡p-hm-s\-¯n-bn-cp¶ aäp ]ecpw Ah-c-h-cpsS sNcp-¸p-IÄ Ahn-sS-Xs¶ sh¨p. GXm\pw ka-b-¯n-\p-Ån B Øew sNcp-¸p-IÄ sImp \nd-ªp. tbmKw Ah-km-\n¨v alm-ßPn ]pd-¯n-d§n Xsâ sNcp-¸p-IÄ FSp-¡p-hm³thn AXp h¨n-cp¶ Øe-t¯¡p At±lw H¶p t\m¡n. AhnsS sNcp-¸p-I-fpsS Hcp Iq¼m-c-amWp I-Xv. AXnÂ-\n¶p At±-l-¯nsâ sNcp-¸p-IÄ Ip-]n-Sn-¡m³ A{X Ffp-¸-am-bn-cp-¶n-Ã. Ipsd-t\cw Xsâ sNcp-¸p-IÄ¡p-thn Xo{h-amb ]cn-tim-[\ \S-¯n-b-tijw am{Xta Xsâ-sX¶p tXm¶nb sNcp-¸p-IÄ At±-l-¯n\v ssI¡-em-¡p-hm³ Ign-ªp-Åq. £am-io-e-s\-¶pw, kl-\-aqÀ¯n-sb¶pw \msS§pw {]kn-²n-s¸-«n-cp¶ alm-ßPn A£-a-\m-hp-¶ptmsb¶p F\n-¡-t¸mÄ kwibw tXm¶p-¶p-m-bn-cp-¶p. alm-tZh tZim-bn-tbmSp F\n¡p kl-Xm]w tXm¶n-bXpw At¸m-gm-bn-cp-¶p.
Xmw_cw ^v
{InkvXy³tImtfPv Xmw_-c-t¯bv¡p amäp-hm-\pÅ Hcp-¡-§Â \S-¶p-sIm-n-cn-¡p-I-bm-bn-cp-¶p. ]e sI«n-S-§fpw AhnsS DbÀ¶p-sIm-n-cn-¡p-¶p. R§-fn ]ecpw ]e kµÀ`-§-fn-embn Xmw_-
c¯p t]mIp-Ibpw Ahn-Ss¯ {]hr-¯n-IÄ ImWp-Ibpw sNbvXn-«p-v. Hcp Znhkw R§Äs¡mcp `qtXm-Z-b-ap-m-bn. Xmw_cw ^n-\p-thn ae-bm-fn-IÄ¡p F´p-sImp Hcp {]l-k\w Ifn-¨p-IqSm. A§ns\ sN¿p-¶-Xn\p cp-t±-i-§-fp-v.
a-e-bmfn hnZymÀ°n-I-fpsS hI-bmbn A®m-s\-s¡mp Bhp-¶-hn-[-¯n F¶--h®w Xmw_cw ^n-\p-thn Fs´-¦nepw sN¿pI F¶p-Å-sXm-¶pw, asäm¶p \½psS CS-bn-epÅ Iem-Im-c-·mÀ¡p tÌ-Pn Ibdn A`n-\-bn-¡m-s\m-c-h-k-c-ap-m-¡n-s¡m-Sp-¡p -I, tIi-h-\p-®n-\m-bÀ ae-bm-f-¯n "Aѳ {]kvXm-hn-¨p-t]mÂ' F¶ t]cn Hcp {]l-k-\-sa-gp-Xn, Ipam-c-ta-t\m³, hmkp--tZ-h-ta-t\m³, Nmt¡m, tPmÀÖv, amXyp XpS-§nbhtcm-sSm¸w Rm\pw {]l-k-\-¯n thjw-sI-«p-hm³ X¿m-sd-Sp-¯p. tIi-h-\p-®n-\m-bÀ At¸m-gbv¡p {InkvXy³tImtf-PnÂ\n¶p Fw.-F. ]mÊm-bn-¡-gn-ªn-cp-¶p. tImtf-Pn [mcmfw kplr-¯p-Ifpw kvt\l-k-¼-¶-cmb s{]m^-ÊÀam-cp-ap-Å-Xp-sImv an¡-hmdpw At±lw A¶p tlmÌ-ep-I-fnÂXs¶ Ign-ªp-Iq-Sp-¶-h-\m-bn-cp-¶p. t]msc-¦n tImtf-Pnsâ Hcp A`yp-Z-b-Imw-£n-bp-am-bn-cp-¶p. At±-l-amWv s{]m^-kÀ taIvsjbn-ensâ klm-b-t¯m-Sp-IqSn "ssata-K-kn\n'epw ]n¶o-Sv, a{Zmkv sabn-enepw AXn-¶p-tijw I¡-¯-bnse "sÌbnävkvam\n'epw kl-]-{Xm-[n-]-cm-bn-cp-¶-Xpw, bp²w XpS-§n-b-t¸mÄ ]-«m-f-¯n D¶-X-Øm-\-§-fn-en-cn-¡p-Ibpw HSp-hn- C´y-bpsS kzmX-{´y-e-_v[n-¡p-tijw sImdn-b-bnÂsh¨p ssa\n ap«n hoc-arXyp hcn-¡p-Ibpw sNbvX tIW D®n-\m-bÀ. At±lw Fgp-Xnb {]l-k-\-¯nsâ Ub-d-IvScpw At±lwXs¶-bm-bn-cp-¶p.
F\n¡p In«nb thjw Hcp IWn-bm-¸-Wn-¡-cp-tS-Xm-bn-cp-¶p. "]{´-m akPw kX-´-Kp-cphpw imÀ±qe hn{Io-UnXw' F¶p sNmÃn-s¡mp tPymXnjw ]dª IWn-bm-¸-Wn-¡sc Ipsd-¡mew ae-bm-fn-IÄ HmÀ¯n-cp-¶p. thjhpw tIa-am-bn-cp-¶p-sh-¶m-bn-cp¶p dnt¸mÀ«v. AXy´w hnP-b-{]-Z-ambn R§Ä \S-¯nb B {]l-k\w tImtfPv ^n-tebv¡v Ipsd ]Ww kw`m-h\ sN¿p-hm³ ae-bmfn hnZymÀ°n-Isf klm-bn-¨p-sh-¶p-Å-Xn {]n³kn-¸mfpw s{]m^kÀamcpw R§sf A`n-\-µn-¨n-cp-¶p. tImtfPv hn«-Xn-¶p-tijw
Hcp Ipdn tIW D®n-\m-bsc Rm³ In-cp-¶p. A¶t±lw UÂln-bn Uns^³kv kÀÆo-kkv BwUvt^mÀkkv C³s^Àta-j³ B^o-k-dm-bn-cp-¶p. UÂln-bn At±-l-¯nsâ ho«nÂh¨p Rm³ At±-ls¯ ImWp-t¼mÄ kp{]-kn² tIc-fob ImÀ«q-Wn-Ìmb i¦-dp-ambn At±lw kwkm-cn-¨p-sIm-n-cn-¡p-I-bm-bn-cp-¶p.
cp Znh-k-§Ä¡p-tijw hopw At±-ls¯ UÂln-bnse Gtdm-t{Um-anÂh¨p F\n¡p bmZr-Ýn-I-ambn ImtW--n-h-¶p. Imivao-cn ]mIn-Øm³ B{I-aWw Bcw-`n-¨p-Ignª-XpsImv A¶p At±lw Imivao-cn-te¡p t]mIp-hm³ thn hnam-\-¯m-h-f-¯n-se-¯n-b-Xm-bn-cp-¶p. A¶s¯ B Iq-Sn-¡mgvN R§Ä X½n-epÅ HSp-hn-es¯ IqSn-¡m-gvN-bp-am-bn-cp-¶p.
amXr-`q-an-bpsS a{Zmkv teJ-I³
a{Zm-Ên hnZymÀ°n-bm-bn-cp¶ Ime¯v amXr-`q-an-bpsS a{ZmÊv teJ-I³ Rm\m-bn-cp-¶p. A¶v i¼-f-sam-¶p-ap-m-bn-cp-¶n-sÃ-¦nepw Hcp tIm¸n "amXr-`qan' teJ-I-\-b¨p sImSp-¡p-sa-¶pÅ Hcp sa¨-ap-m-bn-cp-¶p. ]n¶oSv teJ-I\p amkw-tXmdpw Ccp-]-¯n-b-©p-cq]m {]Xn-^-ehpw In«n-bn-cp-¶p. A¡m-e¯v Hcp Znhkw {io sambm-c¯v i¦-c³ Fs¶ ImWp-hm³thn a{Zm-Ên h-cn-Ibpw At±lw FgpXn {]kn-²-s¸-Sp-¯n-bn-cp¶ C´y³ \mj-W tIm¬{KÊv F¶ ]pkvX-I-¯nsâ Ccp-]-¯n-b©-p tIm¸n-IÄ Fs¶ GÂ-]n-¡p-Ibpw sNbvXp.
tIc-f-¯nse kp{]-kn-²-\mb Hcp cmjv{So-b-t\-Xmhpw Fgp-¯p-Im-c-\p-amb {io sab-c¯p i¦-c³ Fgp-Xnb tIm¬{K-Ênsâ Ncn{Xw hnä-gn-¡p¶ Imcy-¯n At±lw A\p-`-hn-t¡-n-h¶ t¢i-§-fp-tS-bpw, IjvS-¸m-Sp-I-fp-tSbpw cq]w B kw`-h-¯nÂ\n¶v hyà-am-Ip-¶p--tÃm. A¡m-e¯v a{ZmÊv temtIm-tf-PnÂh¨v ae-bm-f-¯n Hcp CâÀtIm-fPn-bäv {]kw-K-a-Õcw \S-¶n-cp-¶p. B aÕ-c-¯n ]s¦-Sp¯ F\n-¡m-bn-cp¶p H¶mw k½m\w In«n-b-Xv. _n.-G. ]co£ Ign-ª-Xn-\p-tijw Rm³ \m«n-tebv¡p Xncn-¨p.
BZys¯ teJ\w
a{Zm-Ên ]Tn-¨p-sIm-n-cp¶ Ime¯v "Xnn-h-\-'¯n¶Sp¯pÅ "Pn©n-t¡m«'bnte¡v Hcp s{]m^-k-dpsS t\Xr-Xz-¯n R§Ä Hcp DÃm-k-bm{X \S-¯n-bn-cp-¶p. \m«n F¯n-b-Xn-\p-tijw Pn©n-t¡m« AYhm Z£n-tW-´y-bnse "alm-`n¯n' F¶ t]cn Rm³ Hcp teJ-\-sa-gpXn amXr-`qan BgvN-¸-Xn-¸n-te-¡-b-¨p. AXp {]kn-²-s¸-Sp-¯p-sa-¶pÅ hnizm-k-sam¶pw F\n-¡p-m-bn-cp-¶n-Ã.
cp-aq¶p amk-§Ä Ign-ª-t¸mÄ BgvN-¸-Xn-¸nse hnj-b-hn-h-c-§Ä Zn\-¸-Xn-¸n {]kn-²-s¸-Sp-¯n-b-t¸m-gpv "Pn©n-t¡m«' s\-«qÀ ]n. Zmtam-Z-c³ F¶ Hcp teJ\w AXn-ep-s¶v ImWp-¶p. DS-s\-t]mbn BgvN-¸-Xn-s¸m¶p hne-bv-¡p-hm§n Rm³ DÕm-l-t¯mSpw A`n-am-\-t¯m-Spw-IqSn B teJ\w hmbn-¨p-XoÀ¯p. Fsâ kvt\ln-X-·m-cn NneÀ¡v hmbn-¡p-hm³ sImSp-¡p-Ibpw sNbvXp. AXn-s\-Xp-SÀ¶v "hmn-hmjv' F¶ t]cn asämcp teJ\w Fgp-Xp-Ibpw sNbvXp. A§ns\ ]e Xh-W-I-fn-embn Fsâ ]e teJ-\-§fpw "amXr-`qan' {]kn-²-s¸-Sp-¯n.
t£{X-{]-th-i\w
1936þ \hw-_À amk-¯n-emWv Ncn-{X-{]-kn-²-amb Xncp-hn-Xmw-IqÀ t£{X-{]-th-i\ hnfw-_-c-ap-m-b-Xv. Xncp-hn-Xmw-Iq-dnse FÃm t£{X-§-fpw lnµp-¡-fm-b-hÀs¡Ãmw thn Xpd¶p sImSp-¡-s¸-«p. C´ybn CZw-{]-Y-am-bn-«mWv Hcp cmP-Io-b-hn-fw-_-cw-aqew t£{X-{]-th-i\w AhÀ®À¡pw lcn-P-\-§Ä¡pw e`y-am-b-Xv.
sXc-sª-Sp¸v
1937-þ C´y-bn-e-t§m-f-an-t§mfw sXc-sª-Sp¸p \S¶ Ime-L-«-am-bn-cp-¶p. \nb-a-\nÀ½mWk`-bn {]th-in-¡p-hm³ tIm¬-{KÊv Xocp-am-\n-¡p-Ibpw AX-\p-k-cn¨v tIm¬{KÊv Øm\mÀ°n-Isf sXc-sª-Sp-¡p-hm³ thp¶ ]cn-{i-a-§-fm-cw-`n-¡p-Ibpw sNbvXp. A¶v ae-_mÀ, a{Zmkv kwØm-\-¯nsâ `mK-am-bn-cp-¶-tÃm. aZn-cmin \nb-a-\nÀ½m-W-k-`-bn-te¡v tIm«-bw-þ-h-b-\mSv Xmeq-¡p-I-fnÂ\n¶v Hcp {]Xn-\n-[nsb sXc-sª-Sp-t¡--Xp-m-bn-cp-¶p.
tIcf kwØm\ tIm¬{KÊv I½nän ae-_m-dnsâ hnhn[ \ntbm-P-I-a-Þ-e-§-fn-te¡v Øm\mÀ°n-I-fpsS t]cp-IÄ £Wn-¨p. tIm«-bw-þ-h-b-\mSv \ntbm-P-I-a-Þ-e-¯n cpt]À Øm\mÀ°n-Xz-¯n\v At]-£-IÄ sImSp-¯n-cp-¶p. Ah-cn-sem¶v {io. Fw.-]n. Zmtam-Z-c\pw asäm¶v _mcn-ÌÀ F.-sI. ]nÅ-bp-am-bn-cp-¶p. Ch-cn Bsc-bmWp Øm\mÀ°n-bmbn \nÀt¯--sX¶v Xocp-am-\n-¡p-hm³ {io. Pn. cma-N-{µ³ (C-t¸mÄ AJn-te-´ym-JmZn I½o-j³ sNbÀam³) Xe-tÈ-cn-bn-se-¯n. {io. In\m¯n \mcm-b-W\pw Rm\pw R§-fpsS aäp kplr-¯p-¡fpw {io. Fw.-]n. Zmtam-Z-csâ Øm\mÀ°n-Xz-¯n\v A\p-Iq-en-I-fm-bn-cp-¶p. R§Ä {io. Pn. cma-N-{µsâ ap¼n lmP-cm-hp-Ibpw tIm«-bw-þ-h-b-\mSv \ntbm-P-I-a-Þ-e-¯n {io. F.-sI. ]nÅ-tb-¡mÄ hnP-b-km-²yX {io. Zmtam-Z-c-\m-sW¶v ]d-bp-Ibpw sNbvXp.
{io. F.-sI. ]nÅ Xncp-hn-Xmw-Iq-dnÂ\n¶v tIm«-bw-þ-h-b-\mSv \ntbm-P-I-a-Þ-e-¯n h¶p-\n¡p¶ Bfp-Ifpw {io. Fw.-]n. Zmtam-Z-c³ B \ntbm-P-I-a-Þ-e-¯nÂX-s¶-bpÅ Bfp-am-sW-¶m-bn-cp¶p R§Ä¡-t±-l-t¯mSv sN¿p-hm-\p-m-bn-cp¶ asämcp \ymb-hm-Zw.
HSp-hn Fw.-]n. Zmtam-Z-c³Xs¶ tIm¬-{KÊv Øm\mÀ°n-bmbn Xocp-am-\n-¡-s¸-«p. At±-ls¯ FXnÀ¡p-hm-\p-m-bn-cp-¶Xv ]o¸nÄkv ]mÀ«n (]n¯mw]pcw alm-cm-Pm-hnsâ ]mÀ«n)-bpsS Øm\mÀ°n-sb-¶-\n-e-bn cwK-¯n-d-§nb {io. sImäym¯v IrjvW\pam-bn-cp-¶p. {io. sIäym¯v IrjvW³ h¡o Xo¿-cpsS {]kn-²-t\-Xm-hm-bn-cp-¶p. ]tc-X-\mb sIäym¯v cmap-®n-h-¡o-ensâ aI\pw AXn-\p-ap¼v aZn-cmin \nba-\nÀ½m-W-k-`-bn AwK-am-bn-cp-¶n-«pÅ Bfp-amWv At±-lw. AXn-\p-ap¼v At±lw Xe-tÈcn ap\n-kn-¸Â sNbÀam-\p-ambncp¶n-«p-v. At±-ls¯ FXnÀ¡pI F¶p-h-¨m AXv AXy´w kml-k-]qÀ®-amb Hsc-XnÀ¸m-sW¶p am{Xsa AXns\ Bfp-IÄ IW-¡m-¡p-am-bn-cp-¶p-Åq.
tIm¬{KÊv Øm\mÀ°n-bmbn {]Jym-]n-¡-s¸« Zmtam-Z-c-\p-thn sNdp-¸-¡m-cmb R§-sfÃmw cwK-¯n-d-§n. Xnc-sª-Sp¸p {]N-c-W-th-ebpsS aqÀ²-\y-Z-i-bn {io. `qem-`mbv tZimbn {]Nm-c-th-e-¡p-thn Xe-tÈ-cn-bn-se-¯n. Xe-tÈcn ssaXm-\n-bn tNÀ¶ AXn-Kw-`o-c-amb sXcsªSp¸p alm-k-t½-f-\-¯n {io. sImäym¯v
IrjvWs\ ]cm-P-b-s¸-Sp-t¯--Xnsâ Bh-iy-I-X-sb-¡p-dn¨v At±lw DÖz-e-ambn {]kw-Kn-¨pw Fgp-¯-dn-bm-hp-¶-hÀ¡p-am{Xw thm«-h-Imiw kn²n¨ BZys¯ sXc-sª-Sp-¸m-bn-cp¶p AXv. A§s\ Fgp¯dnbm-hp-¶-hÀ¡v thm«-h-Imiw sImSp-¸n-¨Xv Xm\m-sW¶p sImäym¯ IrjvW³ Ah-Im-i-s¸-Sp-¶ps¶v Hcp Btcm-]Ww A¶v At±-l-¯nsâ t]cn-ep-m-bn-cp-¶p. tem¯n-b³ {]`p-hp-ambn Xm³ \S-¯nb kw`m-j-W-s¯-¡p-dn¨pw `qem-`mbv tZimbn Xsâ {]kw-K-¯n ]cm-aÀ-in-¡p-Ibpw A§s\ sImäym¯v IrjvW\pw Fgp-¯-dn-bm-hp-¶-hÀ¡pÅ thm«-h-Im-ihpw X½n bmsXmcp _Ô-hp-an-söv At±lw kaÀ°n-¡p-Ibpw sNbvXp. AXyp{Kamb hmNm-e-X-tbmsS At±lw C¥o-jn sNbvX {]kwKw AtX hmNm-e-X-tbm-Sp-Iq-Sn-Xs¶ {io. Fw.-]n. Zmtam-Z-c³ ae-bm-f-¯n XÀÖn-a-sN-bvX-Xv. A¶s¯ B sXc-sª-Sp-¸p-tbm-K-¯nsâ Hcp khn-ti-j-X-bm-bn-cp-¶p.
sXc-sª-Sp¸p Ign-bp-Ibpw tIm¬{KÊv Øm\mÀ-°n-bmb {io. Fw.-]n. Zmtam-Z-c³ h¼n¨ `qcn-]-£-t¯m-Sp-IqSn tIm«-bw-þ-h-b-\mSv \ntbm-P-I-a-Þ-e-¯nÂ\n¶v aZn-cmin \nb-a-\nÀ½m-W-k-`-bn-te¡v sXcsªSp¡s¸-Sp-Ibpw sNbvXp. aZn-cmin \nb-a-\nÀ½m-W-k-`-bnse tIm¬{KÊv t\Xm-hmbn A¶p sXc-sª-Sp-¡-s¸-«n-cp-¶Xv {io. kn. cmP-tKm-]m-em-Nm-cn-bm-bn-cp-¶p. At±-l-¯nsâ a{´n-k-`-bn ae-bmfn a{´n-bm-bn-cp-¶Xv tImS-Xn-þ-P-bn a{´n {io. tIm§m-Sn cma³ta-t\m-\p-am-bn-cp-¶p. a{´n-k` cq]o-I-cn-¨-Xn-\p-tijw BZys¯ \nb-a-\nÀ½m-W-k-`-bn kw_Ôn-¡p-hm³thn {io. Fw.-]n. Zmtam-Z-c\pw aäpw aZn-cm-in¡p t]mbn.
aqÀt¡m-¯p-Ip-am-csâ jjvTn-]qÀ¯n
{io aqÀt¡m-¯p-Ip-am-csâ jjvTn-]qÀ¯n BtLmjw B Ime-¯mWp \S-¶-Xv. BtLm-j-]-cn-]m--Sn-IÄ kwL-Sn-¸n-¡p-hm\pw AXn-¶m-h-iy-amb ]Ww tiJ-cn-¡p-hm\pw thn Hcp I½nän cq]o-I-cn-¡-s¸-«p. Xe-tÈcn Su¬-lm-fnÂh¨p jjvTn-]qÀ¯n alm-k-t½-f\w tNcp-hm\pw B kt½-f-\-¯n almIhn DÅqÀ Fkv. ]c-ta-iz-c-¿sc A²y-£-\mbn £Wn-¡p-hm\pw Xocp-am-\n-¨p. alm-Ihn DÅqÀ hopw Xe-tÈ-cn¡p hcn-Ibpw jjvTn-]qÀ¯n kt½-f-\-¯nÂ
B²y£w hln-¡p-Ibpw sNbvXp. At±-l-¯nsâ B²y-£-{]-kw-K-¯n {io aqÀt¡m¯pIpam-c³ "[À½-¯n\v DS-hmfpw A[À½-¯n\v CSn-hmfp'amsW¶v ]d-bp-I-bp-m-bn.
{io aqÀt¡m-¯p-Ip-am-csâ kc-k-k-¼qÀ®-amb a--dp-]Sn {]kw-K-t¯m-Sp-Iq-Sn-bmWv BtLm-j-]-cn-]m-Sn-IÄ Ah-km-\n-¨-Xv. jjvTn]qÀ¯n BtLm-j-§-fpsS hnP-b-I-c-amb ]cn-k-am-]vXn-¡p-thn ]cn-{i-an-¨-h-cn-sem-cm-fm-bn-cp¶p _n.-G.-]-co-£-bv¡n-cp-¶p At¸mÄ \m«n Xncn-s¨-¯n-bn-cp¶ Rm\pw. AXn-\p-Ån Hcp sNdnb kmln-Xy-Im-c-\m-sW-¶pÅ AwKo-Im-chpw Rm³ t\Sn-¡--gn-ªn-cp-¶p.
aZn-cm-in-bn-ep-tZym-K-¯n-en-cp¶ F\n¡v Xe-tÈ-cn-bnse cmjv{So-b-¯nÂ-\n¶v Hgn-ªp-\n¡p-hm-\m-Wn-S-h-¶-Xv. A¶v DtZym-K-¯n-en-cp-¶n-sÃ-¦n Rm³ Hcp-]s£ tIm¬{KÊv tkmjy-en-Ìp-Im-c\pw ]n¶o-sSmcp I½yq-Wn-Ìp-Im-c\pw Bbn-¯o-cp-am-bn-cp-¶p. aZn-cminbnepw Rm³ shdpsXbncp-¶nÃ. B ImeL«¯n-emWv sN§-¶q-cn shSn-h-bv]p-\S¶-Xv. Xncp-hn-Xmw-Iq-dn {io. kn.-]n. cma-kzman A¿Às¡-Xn-cmbn iàn-bmb {]t£m`w Bª-Sn-¡p-I-bm-bn-cp-¶p. B {]t£m-`-§Ä¡n-S-bn-emWv sN§-¶q-cn shSn-h-bv]p-m-b-Xv. B shSn-h-bv]ns\ {]Xn-tj-[n-t¡--Xm-h-iy-am-sW-¶v R§-fn NneÀ¡p tXm¶n. AXn-\p-thn "s\bv]n-bÀ ]mÀ¡nÂ' R§-sfmcp tbmKw hnfn-¨p. tbmK-¯n A¶p B²y£w hln-¨Xv ssh¡w kXym-{K-l-¯n ]s¦-Sp-¯n-cp¶ Bfpw Xe-tÈ-cn-bnÂ-\n¶v a{Zmkv \nb-\nÀ½m-W-k-`-bn-te¡v aÕ-cn-¡p-hm³ B{K-ln-¨n-cp¶ Bfp-amb _mcn-ÌÀ F.-sI. ]nÅ-bm-bn-cp-¶p. At±-lw A¶v a{ZmÊv sslt¡m-S-Xn-bn {]mIvSokv sN¿p¶ Ime-am-bn-cp-¶p. sN§-¶q-cnÂ\-S¶ shSn-h-bv]n-s\-¡p-dn-¨pÅ {]tabw Ah-X-cn-¸n-¨Xv Rm\m-bn-cp-¶p.
"sN§-¶q-cn Nn¶n-Nn-X-dnb sNt©m
cbnÂ\n¶v Bbn-c-am-bn-c-am-fp-IÄ
DbnÀs¯-gp-t¶äv kn.-]n. cma-kzman A¿-tcmSv {]Xn-Imcw sN¿p-sa¶m-bn-cp¶p' Rm\¶p {]kw-Kn-¨-Xv. a{Zmkv Kh¬saân DtZym-K-Ø-\m-bn-cp-¶p-sh-¦nepw Fsâ ae-bm-f-¯n-epÅ {]kw-K-s¯-¡p-dn¨v Fsâ tae-[n-Im-cn-I-fmcpw Adn-bp-I-bn-sÃ-¶mWv Rm³ Icp-Xn-b-Xv. AYhm Adn-bp-I-bm-sW-¦nÂXs¶ Fsâ DtZymKw t]mhp-I-b-tÃ-bp-Åq-sh-¶mWp Rm³ hnNm-cn-¨-Xv. At¸m-tgbv¡p ka-c-¯nsâ Ae-IÄ Fs¶ Ae-«p-hm³ XpS-§n-bn-cp-¶p.
aZn-cmin tIc-f-k-amPw
AXn-\p-ap-¼m-bn-«p-Xs¶ "aZn-cm-in-bnse ae-bm-fn-IÄ' F¶ t]cn amXr-`q-an'-bn Rms\mcp teJ\w Fgp-Xn-bn-cp-¶p. B teJ-\-¯n aZn-cm-in-bnse ae-bm-fn-IÄ¡p kPo-h-amb Hcp kwL-S-\-bn-söpw A§-s\-sbm-¶p-m-t¡-Xv AXym-h-iy-am-sW¶pw ]d-ªn-cp-¶p. AXp hm-
bn¨ aZn-cm-in-a-e-bm-fn-I-fn ]ecpw Fs¶ kao-]n-¡p-Ibpw A§s\ Hcp kwL-S\ Dm-t¡--Im-cy-s¯-¡p-dn¨v R§Ä Btem-Nn-¡p-Ibpw sNbvXn-cp-¶p. B L«-¯n-emWv sN§-¶q-cnse shSnhbv]ns\ {]Xn-tj-[n-¡p-hm³ thn t\¸n-bÀ]mÀ¡n tbmKw tNÀ¶n-cp-¶-Xv. B tbmK-¯n ]mÊm-¡nb {]ta-b-§-fn H¶v aZn-cm-in-bnse ae-bm-fn-IÄ¡p aZn-cmin tIc-f-k-am-P-sa¶ t]cn Hcp kamPw cq]o-I-cn-¡-W-sa-¶m-bn-cp¶p AXn-s\-¯p-SÀ¶v tdmb-t]-«-bn tNÀ¶ Hcp ae-bm-fn-tbm-K-¯nÂsh¨p aZn-cmin tIc-f-k-amPw cq]o-I-cn-¡p-Ibpw AXnsâ {]kn-U-mbn {io. ]n. tIm¶-t\bpw sk{I-«-dn-am-cmbn Fs¶bpw {io. sI. ]ß-\m-`³\m-b-scbpw sXc-sª-Sp-¡p-Ibpw sNbvXp.
tIc-f-k-am-P-¯nsâ DZvLm-S\w A`q-X-]qÀÆ-amb DÕm-l-t¯m-Sp-Iq-Sn-bmWv aZn-cm-in-bn -\-S-¶-Xv. kÀ. Fw.-kn.Sn. ap¯¿ sN«n-bmÀ lmfn {io. A½p-kzm-an-\m-Ysâ A²y-£-X-bn \S¶ tbmK-¯nÂh¨v A¶p a{Zmkv Kh¬saân tImS-Xn-þ-P-bn Imcy-a-{´n-bm-bn-cp¶ {io. tImt§m-«n cma³ tat\m-\mWv kamPw DZvLm-S\w sNbvX-Xv. {ioam-·mÀ apl-½Zv A_vZp-d-ln-am³, Fw.-]n. Zmtam-Z-c³, BÀ cmL-h-ta-t\m³ F¶n-hÀ A¶s¯ {]mkw-Kn-I-·m-cm-bn-cp-¶p. Rm\mWv kzmK-X-{]-kwKw \nÀÆ-ln-¨-Xv. DZvLm-S-\-¯n-\p-tijw kamPw kPo-h-ambn {]hÀ¯n-¡m³ XpS-§n. A¡m-e-¯mWv ae-_mÀ Sw_nÄ F³{Sn-_n (Temple Entry Bill) (ae-_mÀ t£{X{]th-i-\-_nÂ) F¶ t]cn Hcp _n aZn-cmin \nb-a-\nÀ½m-W-k-`-bn Ah-X-cn-¸n-¡-s¸-«-Xv. B _nÃns\ kw_-Ôn¨v ae-bm-fn-I-tfmSv Hcp {]kwKw sN¿p-hm³ apJy-a-{´n-bmbncp¶ {io. kn. cmP-tKm-]m-em-Nm-cn-tbmSv R§Ä At]-£n-¨p. At±lw R§-fpsS At]£ kzoI-cn-¡p-Ibpw tIcf kam-P-¯nÂh¶v _nÃnse hyh-Ø-IÄ hni-Zo-I-cn-¨p-sImv Hcp {]kwKw sN¿p-Ibpw sNbvXp. At±-ls¯ kzm-KXw sNbvXp-sImv Rm³ A¶p sNbvX {]kw-K-¯n _nÃns\ kw_-Ôn¨v P\-§Ä¡p-m-bn-cp¶ Nne kwi-b-§Ä FSp-¯p-]-d-bp-Ibpw Ah XoÀ¯p-X-cp-hm³ cmP-tKm-]m-em-Nm-cn-tbm-S-t]-£n-¡p-Ibpw sNbvXn-cp-¶p. At±lw AXp-{]-Imcw Rm\p-¶-bn¨ {]iv\-§-tfm-tcm-¶n\pw icn-bmb kam-[m-\-§Ä ]d-bp-Ibpw, _nÃnse hyh-Ø-IÄ hni-Zo-I-cn-¡p-Ibpw sNbvXn-cp-¶p.
AXn-¶p-tijw tIc-f-k-amPw DuÀÖn-X-ambn {]hÀ¯n-¡p-Ibpw
aZn-cm-in--bnse ae-bm-fn-I-fn KWy-amb Hcp hn`m-K-¯nsâ ]n´p-W-bmÀÖn-¡p-Ibpw sNbvXp. AXn-\n-S-bn tUm: kn.-BÀ. Ir-jvW-]nÅ kam-P-¯n XmÂ]cyw ImWn-¡p-hm³ XpS-§p-Ibpw AXnsâ {]hÀ¯-\-¯n kPo-h-ambn ]¦p-h-ln-¡p-Ibpw sNbvXp. aZn-cmin tIc-f-k-amPw cq]o-I-cn-¨-Xp-X-s¶, tIc-f-¯nse cmjv{So-b-kw-`-h-§-fn XmÂ]cyw {]ZÀin-¸n-¡p-hm\pw cmjv{So-b-Im-cy-§Ä¡p-thn aZn-cm-in-\-K-c-¯nse ae-bm-fn-Isf kwL-Sn-¸n-¡p-hm-\pw -th-n-bm-Wv. F¶m CS-¡m-e¯v AXnsâ t\Xr-Xz-¯n NneÀ¡v cmjv{So-b-Im-cy-§sf tIcfkam-P-¯nsâ {]hÀ¯-\-§fnÂ\n¶v Hgn¨p-\nÀ¯-W-sa¶v A-`n-{]mbw Dm-hp-Ibpw tIc-f-k-am-P-¯n henb hmZ-{]-Xn-hm-Z-§Ä \S-¡p-Ibpw sNbvXp. AXn-s\-¯p-SÀ¶pw, aäp-Nne Imc-W-§ÄsImpw kam-P-¯n-sâ kPo-h-amb {]hÀ¯-\-§-fnÂ\n¶v Rm\-¡m-e¯p amdn-\n¡p-Ibpw tIc-fo-b-cmb sXmgn-em-fn-I-fpsS CS-bn {]hÀ¯n-¡p-hm-\m-cw-`n-¡p-Ibpw sNbvXp.
tIcf hÀt¡gvkv s^U-td-j³
tlm«Â sXmgn-em-fn-I-sf-bmWv R§Ä kwL-Sn-¸n-¡p-hm³ {ian-¨-Xv. tIcf sXmgn-emfn s^U-td-jsâ B`n-ap-Jy-¯n-em-bn-cp¶p ]n¶o-Sp-mb R§-fpsS {]hÀ¯-\-§Ä. tlm«Â sXmgn-em-fn-IÄ¡p cm{Xn H³]-Xp-a-Wn¡p tijta {]hÀ¯\ kuI-cy-apÅq F¶-Xp-sImv sXmgn-em-fn-tbm-K-§Ä Bcw-`n-¡p-¶-Xp-Xs¶ cm{Xn ]¯p-a-Wn¡p tij-am-bn-cn-¡pw. {io. C.-Fw. i¦-c³\-¼q-Xn-cn-¸m-Sv, F.-sI. tKm]m-e³, sI. Zmtam-Z-c³ XpS-§nb ]e t\Xm-¡-·mcpw A¯cw tbmK-§-fn kw_-Ôn-¨n-«p-Å-h-cm-Wv. A¡m-e¯v {io. F.-sI.-tKm-]m-e³ Hfn-hn-em-bn-cp-¶p. At±-l-¯n\v t_mws_-bnÂ\n¶v sImfw-_n-te¡v t]mtI--Xp-m-bn-cp¶p. At±lw hcp-¶-hn-hcw Fs¶ t\cs¯ Adn-bn-¨-Xnsâ ^e-ambn Rm\-t±-ls¯ a{Zm-Ên h¨p kzoI-cn-¡p-Ibpw cp-aq¶p Znh-k-§Ä Fsâ IqsS Xma-kn-¸n-¨-Xn-¶p-tijw kntem-Wn-te¡p t]mIp-hm³ At±-ls¯ hn-I-b-än Ab-bv¡p-Ibpw sNbvXp.
hÅ-t¯mÄ jjvTn]qÀ¯n
Hcp Znhkw aZn-cm-in-bn-se-¯nb {io. Fw.-sI. cmPm alm-Ihn hÅ-t¯m-fnsâ jjvTn-]qÀ¯n aZn-cm-in-bnÂh¨p BtLm-jn-t¡--
Xn-s\-¡p-dn¨p R§-fp-ambn kwkm-cn-¨p. B kw`m-j-W-§-fpsS ^e-ambn aZn-cm-in-bn Hcp hÅ-t¯mÄ jjvTn-]qÀ¯n BtLm-j-I--½nän cq]o-I-cn-¡-s¸-«p. {io. sI. Ip«n-Ir-jvW-ta-t\m³ {]kn-Uâpw {io. Un. F¨v. \¼q-Xn-cn-¸mSpw Rm\pw Imcy-ZÀin-am-cp-am-bn-«mWv I½nän cq]o-I-cn-¨n-cp-¶-Xv. I½n-än-¡p-thn Rm³ sNdp-Xp-cp-¯n-bn-te¡p t]mtI--Xm-sW¶pw Ahn-sS-h¨p sImm-S-s¸-Sp¶ jjvTn-]qÀ¯n BtLm-j-§-fn ]s¦-Sp-t¡--Xm-sW¶pw aZn-cm-in-bnÂh¨p sImm-Sp-hm³ t]mIp¶ jjvTn-]qÀ¯n-bn kw_-Ôn-¡p-hm³ alm-Ihn hÅ-t¯m-fn-t\bpw tIcf Iem-a-Þ-e-¯nse {]kn² \À¯-I-·m-tcbpw £Wn-t¡--Xm-sW¶pw Xocp-am-\n-¡-s¸-«p. A§ns\ Rm³ sNdp-Xp-cp-¯n¡p t]mhp-Ibpw AhnSps¯ tIcf Iem-a-Þ-e-¯nÂh¨p \S-¯-s¸« jjvTn-]qÀ¯n BtLm-j-§-fn ]s¦-Sp-¡p-Ibpw sNbvXp. hniz-hn-JymXn t\Sn-¡-gnª `mc-Xob \À¯-I-\mb DZ-b-i-¦dpw kl-\À¯-Inbpw At¸mÄ sNdp-Xp-cp-¯n-bn-ep-m-bn-cp-¶p. asämcp Xc-¯nÂIqSn sNdp-Xp-cp¯n kµÀi\w F¶n XmÂ]-cy-ap-f-hm-¡n-b-Xm-Wv. Fsâ \m«p-Im-cn-bmb Hcp s]¬Ip-«n-bmWv jjvTn-]qÀ¯n BtLm-j-§-tfm-S-\p-_-Ôn¨v sNdp-Xp-cp-¯n-bn Ac-t§-dp¶ imIp-´fw \mS-I-¯nse iIp-´-f-bmbn A`n-\-bn-¡p-¶-sX-¶p-Å-Xm-bn-cp¶p AXv. B Ip«n-bpsS Iem-]-c-amb {]hÀ¯-\-§-fn amÀ¤-ZÀin-bm-bn-cp-¶Xp Rm\m-bn-cp-¶p. Xriq-cnÂh¨p {io cma-hÀ½ A¸³X-¼p-cmsâ t\Xr-Xz-¯n \S-¶n-cp¶ "`qX-cm-bÀ' F¶ kn\n-a-bn IYm-\m-bn-I-bmbn A`n-\-bn-¡p-hm³thn sXc-sª-Sp-¡-s¸-«-h-fm-bn-cp¶p e£van F¶p t]cmb B Ip«n. Ahsf BZy-ambn Iem-tem-I-¯n-te¡p {]th-in-¸n-¡p-hm-\p-Õm-ln-¨Xp Rm\m-bn-cp-¶p. kn\na \S-¡msX h¶-t¸mÄ AhÄ ho«n-te¡p Xncn¨pt]mbn.
At¸m-gmWv alm-Ihn hÅ-t¯m-fnsâ jjvTn-]qÀ¯n BtLm-j-§Ä \S-¯p-hm³ Xocp-am-\-§-sf-Sp-¯-Xv. AtXm-S-\p-_-Ôn¨p \S-¯p¶ \mS-I-¯n A`n-\-bn-¡p-hm³thn Iem-a-Þew {]Xn-\n-[n-IÄ Ahsf kao-]n-¡p-Ibpw AhÄ B £Ww kzoI-cn-¡p-Ibpw sNbvXp. B \mSIw Rm³ Iem-a-Þ-e-¯nÂh¨p Ip. Ah-fpsS A`n-\bw hfsc \¶m-bn-cp-¶-Xp-sImv alm-Ihn hÅ-t¯mÄ AhÄ¡v Hcp IoÀ¯n-ap{Z k½m\n-¡p-Ibpw Ahsf \r¯-I-em-]-cn-io-e-\-¯n-\p-thn Iem-a-Þ-e-¯n-e-b-¡p-hm³ Fsâ klmbw tXSp-Ibpw sNbvXp. hÅ-t¯m-fn-t\bpw am[-h³, B\-µ-in-hdmw XpS-
§n-b-h-scbpw aZn-cm-inbnte¡p hcp-hm³ £Wn-¡p-Ibpw £Ww AhÀ kzoI-cn-¡p-Ibpw sNbvXp.
aZn-cm-in¡p aS-§p-¶-Xn-\p-ap¼p Rm³ \m«n-te¡p t]mIp-hm-\p-t±-in-¨-Xp-sImv FsâIqsS Ipam-cn-e-£van-tbbpw Ah-cpsS ktlm-Z-c³ _me-tam-l-\-t\bpw \m«n-te-¡-b-¡p-Ibpw sNbvXp. aZn-cm-in-bnÂh¨v hÅ-t¯m-fnsâ jjvTn-]qÀ¯n Kw-`o-c-amb tXmXn ]n¶oSv R§Ä sImm-Sp-Ibpw sNbvXp. hÅ-t¯mfpw Iem-Im-c-·mcpw a{ZmÊn hcn-Ibpw sNbvXn-cp-¶p.
a{´n cma³ta-t\msâ \ncymWw
a{Zmkv Kh¬saân tImS-Xn-þ-P-bn Imcy-a-{´n-bm-bn-cp¶ tIm§m-«n cma³ta-t\m³ B Ime--L-«-¯n s]s«¶p \ncym-X-\m-hp-Ibpw At±-l-¯n-¶p-]-Icw a{´n-k-`-bn-sem-cw-K-ambn {io. kn.-sP. hÀ¡n {]th-in-¡p-Ibpw sNbvXp. ]tc-X-\mb {io. cma³ta-t\msâ kvamc-ImÀ°w aZn-cm-in-bn cma³ta-t\m³ kvamc-I-I-½nän F¶ t]cn R§-sfmcp I½-nän-bp-m-¡n. B I½n-än-bpsS {]kn-Uv e^väv\âv tIW sI.-Pn. ]Þm-ebpw Imcy-ZÀin-amÀ {io. ]md-¡p-f-§c tKmhn-µ-ta-t\m\pw (]n-¶oSv kp{]ow-tIm-SXn PUvPn Bbn-cp¶ BÄ) Rm\p-am-bn-cp-¶p. {io cma³ta-t\msâ \ncymWw tIc-fo-bÀ¡p s]mXp-hnepw aZn-cmin ae-bm-fn-IÄ¡p {]tXy-I-ambpw Hcp henb \jvS-am-bn-cp-¶p. AXp-sIm-mWv At±-l-¯nsâ kvacW aZn-cm-in-bn \ne-\nÀ¯-W-sa-¶pÅ B{Klw aZn-cm-in-bnse ae-bm-fn-IÄ¡p-m-bn-cp-¶-Xv. ]s£ Ipd¨p amks¯ {]hÀ¯-\-§Ä¡p-tijw ]d-b-¯¡ XpI-sbm¶pw ]ncn-s¨-Sp-¡p-hm³ km[n-¡msX I½nän AXnsâ {]hÀ¯\w Ah-km-\n-¸n-¡p-I-bm-Wp-m-b-Xv.
Xe-tÈ-cn-bnse ]uc-a-lm-k-t½-f\w
Xe-tÈ-cn-bnse "lnµp' teJ-I-\m-bn-cp¶ {io. sF.-sI. Fgp-¯-Ñ\p Xe-tÈ-cn-bnÂsh¨v Hcp ]uc-a-lm-k-t½-f\w \S-¯-W-sa¶ Hc-`n-{]m-b-ap-m-bn. a{Zm-kn-em-bn-cp¶ Fs¶ At±lw hnh-c-a-dn-bn-¡p-Ibpw B kt½-f-\-¯n B²y£w hln-¡p-hm\pw kt½-f\w DZvLm-S\w sN¿p-hm\pw, cp am\y-·msc aZn-cm-in-bnÂ\n¶v Xe-tÈ-cn¡p sImp-h-cp-hm³ At]-£n-¡p-Ibpw sNbvXp.
A§s\ a{Zm-Ên Ipd¨p ]cn-{i-an-¨-Xn-\p-tijw {io Fgp-¯-Ñsâ CjvSm-\p-k-cWw cp am\y-·mÀ Xe-tÈ-cn-bn-temfw k©-cn-¡p-hm³ X¿m-dm-hp-Ibpw sNbvXp. Ahcnsem-cmÄ ]n-¶oSv a{ZmÊv Kh¬saânsâ apJya{´n-bm-bn-cp¶ Bfpw, A¡m-e¯v cmw\mSv Unkv{SnIv t_mÀUv {]kn-Upw Fw.-FÂ.-F.- Sn.hn.F³. \mbÀ, kn.-sI. tKmhn-µ³ \mbÀ Fw.-FÂ.-F. bp-am-bn-cp¶ {io. ]n.FÊv. Ipam-c-kzm-an-cm-Pbpw asäm-cmÄ A¶v a{ZmÊv tImÀ¸-td-j³ tabdpw ePn-tÉ-äohv Iu¬kn sa¼-dp-amb {io. sI. sh¦n-S-kzm-an-\m-bn-Uphpw (]n-¶oSv At±-lhpw a{´n-bm-bn-cp-¶n-«p-v) Bbn-cp-¶p.
1939 Pq¬ 18-þmw XobXn Xe-tÈcn Su¬lm-fnÂ-h¨v {io. sI. sh¦n-S-kzm-an-\m-bnUp Fw.-FÂ.-kn.-bpsS A²y-£-X-bn \S¶ Xe-tÈcn ]uc-k-t½-f\w {io. ]n.FÊv. Ipam-c-kzm-an-cmPm Fw.-FÂ.-F. BWv DZvLm-S\w sNbvX-Xv. AhÀ cp-t]cpw Cw¥o-jnÂsNbvX {]kw-K-§Ä ]cn-`m-j-s¸-Sp-¯n-bXv Rm\m-bn-cp-¶p. BZy-am-bn-«mWv Cw¥o-jn-epÅ {]kw-K-§Ä s]mXp-th-Zn-bnÂh¨v ]-cn-`m-j-s¸-Sp-¯p¶ Npa-Xe Rmt\-sä-Sp¯Xv. A¶v kmam\yw t`Z-am-bn-«p-Xs¶ B tPmen \nÀÆln-¡p-hm³ F\n¡p km[n-¨p. A¶p In«nb ]cn-io-e\w ]e-h«w BhÀ¯n-¡p-hm³ ]n¶oSpw Ah-k-c-§Ä In«n.
]Þnäv Ph-lÀemÂs\lvdp-hn-tâXv DÄs¸sS Ht«sd alm-·m-cpsS {]kw-K-§Ä ]n¶oSv ]cn-`m-j-s¸-Sp-¯p-hm³ F\n-¡-h-kcw e`n-¨n-«p-v. Hcp \à ]cn-`m-j-I-s\¶ t]cpw AXn-\n-S-bn F\n-¡p-m-bn-«p-v. Xe-tÈcn ]uc-k-t½-f-\-¯nsâ {][m\ {]-hÀ¯-I³ {io. sF.-sI. Fgp-¯-Ñ\pw Rm\pw Xs¶-bm-bn-cp-¶p. F¶n-cp-¶mepw B kt½-f-\-¯nsâ `mc-hm-ln-I-fn {ioam-·mÀ FÂ.-F-kv. {]`p, Fw.-]n. Zmtam-Z-c³ Fw.-FÂ.-F., sI.]n. cmLh³\m-bÀ, Fw.-F³. \mbÀ, kn.-F-¨v.-sI. \¼ymÀ, ta¡p-¶¯v Ipªn-Ir-jvW³\m-bÀ F¶n-h-scÃmw DÄs¸-«n-cp-¶p. hfsc hn-P-b-{]-Z-ambn \S¶ B kt½-f-\-¯n-\p-tijw thsdbpw H¶p cp tbmK-§-fn R§-fpsS A-¶s¯ AXn-Yn-IÄ ]s¦-Sp-¯n-cp-¶p. a{´n-am-sc-¶pÅ \ne-bn ]n¶oSv Xe-tÈcn kµÀin-¨-t¸mÄ AhÀ BZyw Xe-tÈcn kµÀin¨ B kµÀ`s¯ Ah-cn-cp-hcpw A\p-kva-cn-¨n-cp-¶p.
Xe-tÈ-cn-bnse ]uc-a-lm-k-t½-f-\-¯n-\p-tijw Rm³ hopw aZn-cm-in-¡p-t]m-bn.
sI. Ipam-c-ta-t\m³ Fsâ Hcp Bß-kp-lr-¯m-bn-cp-¶p. Rm³ A`n-{]m-b-s¸-Sp¶ FÃm ]cn-]m-Sn-IÄ¡pw At±-l-¯nsâ ]n´p-Wbpw ]n³_-ehpw F\n¡p e`n-¡m-dp-v. Hcp Znhkw t\cw shfp-¯-t¸mÄ ITn-\-amb ag s]¿p-I-bm-bn-cp-¶p. C¶s¯ ag apgp-h³ IpS-bn-ÃmsX sImÅp-hm³ X¿m-dp-tm-sb¶p Rm³ tNmZn-¨-t¸mÄ Ds-¶-t±lw ]d-ªp. A§ns\ R§Ä Xma-kØe¯p-\n¶p ]pd-s¸-Sp-Ibpw IpS-bn-ÃmsX A¶p sshIp-t¶cw hsc s]bvX ag apgp-h\pw \\-ªp-sImv FKvaqÀ, ]cip-hm-¡w, InÂt]m-¡v, hymkÀ¸m-Sn, s]c-_qÀ apX-emb Øe-§-fn-seÃmw ImÂ\-S-bmbn Xs¶ \S-¶p-Npän Xncn-¨p-t]m-cp-Ibpw sNbvXp.
thsdmcp Znhkw sshIp-t¶cw R-§Ä \S-¡p-hm³ Cd-§n-b-Xm-bn-cp-¶p. \S-¶p-\-S¶v ]q\-aen ssltdm-Un-se-¯n. AhnsS F¯n-b-t¸mÄ C¶p aS-§msX \S-¶m-se´m F¶p Rm³ Ipam-c-ta-t\m-t\mSp tNmZn-¨p. bmsXmcp hntcm-[-hp-anÃ. ]q\aen hsc \S-¡p-hm³ X¿m-dp-s-¦n \ap-¡-t§m«p t]mImw. Ahn-sS-bpÅ k_v-C³kvs]-IvSsd F\n¡p ]cn-N-b-ap-v (Ip-am-c-ta-t\msâ Aѳ {io. Ip«n-i-¦-c-¸-Wn-¡À kÀ¡nÄ C³kvs]-IvS-dm-bn-cp-¶-Xp-sImp Ipam-c-ta-t\m\v Ipsd k_v-C³kvs]-IvSÀamsc ]cn-N-b-ap-v) AhnsS \ap-¡n¶v InS-¶p-d-§mw. A§ns\ R§Ä cp-t]cpw ]q\-a-ensb e£y-am¡n \S¶p XpS-§n. ]q\-a-en¡v aZn-cm-in-bnÂ\n¶p ]¯p-\m-gn-I-bmWp Zqc-sa-¶m-bn-cp¶p R§-fpsS HmÀ½. F¶m AXp ]Xn-aq¶p \mgn-I-bp-s¶p \S-¶-t¸m-gmWp a\-Ên-em-b-Xv. t\c-an-cp-«n-b-t¸mÄ, R§Ä cp ae-bm-fn-bp-hm-¡Ä ]q\-aen ssltdm-UnÂIq-sS-¯s¶ \S-¡p-I-bm-bn-cp-¶p.
a{Zmkv \Kcw Ign-ªm Bfn-Ãm¯ \m«p-¼p-d-am-Wv. Bcp-an-ÃmsX R§Ä cp-t]À am{X-ambn ae-bmfw ]dªp-sImv ]q\-a-en-¡p-t]mb B bm{X `b-t¯m-Sp-Iq-Sn-b-ÃmsX C¶pw HmÀ¡p-hm³ km[n-¡p-¶n-Ã. Ipäm-¡p-än-cp-«n \S-¶p-sIm-mWv R-§Ä Hcp PwKvj-\n-se-¯n-b-Xv. Ft§m-«mWp t]mtI--sX¶p F§ns\ Adn-bp-hm-\mWv? Hcp ssINq-n-¸-eI Ahn-sS-bp-s-¶p-tXm-¶n. AXn-t·Â hen-ªp-I-bdn ssIsIm--£-c-§Ä X¸n-t\m-¡n. skâv tXmakv
aun-te¡v F¶m-sW-gp-Xn-bn-cn-¡p-¶-Xv. atä hgn ]q\-a-en-bv¡pw. A{Xbpw \S¶v AhnsS F¯n-b-t¸mÄ cm{Xn ]Xn-s\m-¶-c-bm-bn-cp-¶p. B ka-b¯v sNs¶-§ns\ k_v-C³kvs]-IvSsd hnfn-¡pw. At±-ls¯ hnfn-t¡-s¶p R-§Ä Xocp-am-\n-¨p. Hcp sSân kn\na Ifn-¡p-¶p-v. Sn¡-äp-IÄ hm§n R§Ä sSân-\p-Ån IS-¶p.
kn\na Ign-ª-t¸mÄ aWn H¶-c-bm-bn. C\nbpw kabw _m¡n-bp-v. F§n-s\bmWXp sNe-h-gn-¡p-I. Ahn-sS-\n¶p R§Ä bm{X-Xn-cn-¨p. ssINq-n-¸e-I-bv¡-Sp¯v Xncn-s¨¯n skâv tXmakv aun-te¡v bm{X-bm-bn. ag-s]bvX ]mS-§-fn shÅw \ndªv tdmU-cp-In h¶p X«p¶ i_vZw R§Ä tIÄ¡p-¶p-m-bn-cp-¶p. A§ns\ \S¶p Ipsd-Zqcw F¯n-b-t¸mÄ {Kmao-W-cmb kv{Xo ]pcp-j-·mÀ Iq«w-tNÀ¶v \S¶p t]mIp-¶Xp Ip. R§fpw H¯p-IqSn Ah-cp-ambn kw`m-jWw \S-¯n-s¡mp apt¶m«p \o§n. AhÀ ]¨-¡-dn-IÄ hn¡p-hm³th-n aZn-cm-in-bn-te¡p t]mIp¶ {Kmao-W-cm-Wv. A§ns\ F«p-\m-gnI hopw \S¶p R§Ä skâv tXmakv au-n-se-¯n. Imev A\-¡p-hm³ h¿m-bn-cp-¶p.
skâv tXmakv auv
skâv tXmakv aun-epÅ Ip¶nÂI-bdn AhnsS InS-¶p. skâv tXmakv auv `mc-X-¯nse {In-kvXym-\n-IÄs¡Ãmw hfsc {][m-\-amb Hcp Øe-am-Wv. {InkvXo-b-N-cn-{X-¯n kp{]-[m-\-amb Hc-²ymbw Ah-km-\n-¨-X-hn-sS-bm-sW-¶pÅXn C´ym-N-cn-{X-¯nepw skâv tXmakv aun\p {]m[m-\y-ap-v. {InkvXp-tZ-hsâ ]{´p At¸m-kvX-e-·m-cn Hcm-fm-bn-cp¶p skâv tXma-kv. {InkvXp-a-X-{]-Nm-c-WmÀ°w At±lw C´y-bn sImSp-§-Ãq-cn I¸-en-d§n tIc-f-¯n {InkvXp-hnsâ kphn-ti-j-§Ä {]N-cn-¸n-¡p-Ibpw ]Ån-IÄ Øm]n-¡p-Ibpw sNbvX-Xn-\p-tijw At±lw a{Zm-kn-se-¯p-Ibpw a{Zm-knse ssaem-¸q-cnÂh¨v aX-{`m-´-cmb i{Xp-¡Ä At±-ls¯ hmfp-sImp sh«p-Ibpw sNbvXp. ssaem-¸q-cnse B Øe-¯n\v sk³tXmw F¶mWv Ct¸mÄ ]d-bp-¶-Xv.
sht«-täm-Snb skâv tXmakv enän auv F¶ Øe-s¯¯n AhnsS acn-¨phogpI-bm-Wp-m-b-Xv. At±-l-¯nsâ ihw ad-hp-
sNbvX Øe-amWv skâv tXmakv auv. aun-epÅ B Ip¶n t]mÀ¨p-Ko-kp-Imtcm atäm ]WnX Hcp ]-Ån-bp-v. B ]Ån \n¡p-¶n-S-¯mWv skâv tXma-Ênsâ ih-i-cocw ad-hp-sN-bvXn-«p-Å-sX¶p hniz-kn-¡-s¸-Sp-¶p. {InkvXp-tZ-hs\ Ipcn-in-te-äp-hm³ in£n-¡-s¸-Sp-¶Xp apX Ipcnipw Npa-¶-t±lw t]mIp-¶Xpw HSp-hn Ipcn-in-te-ä-s¸-Sp-¶-Xp-hscbpw DÅ kw`-h-§Ä Nn{Xo-I-cn-¡-s¸-Sp¶ sIm¯p-]-Wn-IÄ Ip¶nsâ Nph-«nÂ\n¶v apI-fn-se-¯p-¶-Xp-h-scbpw ImWm-hp-¶-Xm-Wv. t\cw shfp¯p H³]-Xp-a-Wn-bm-b-Xn-\p-ti-j-amWv skâv tXmakv aunÂ\n¶v Ce-Iv{SnIv {Sbn-\n IbdnbmWv R§Ä a{Zm-kn-te¡p bm{X-Xn-cn-¨-Xv.
alm-_-en-]p-c-t¯¡v
asämcp Znhkw ssk¡n-fn alm-_-en-]p-c¯p t]mbn Xncn-¨p-h-cp-hm³ R§Ä ¹m\n-«p. cp ssk¡n-fp-I-fn-embn R§Ä cp-t]À aZn-cm-in-bnÂ\n¶p bm{X-Xn-cn-¨p. Nn¦³-t¸-«-bn R§-fpsS IqsS ]Tn¨ Hcp kvt\ln-X-\p-m-bn-cp-¶p. ]pd-s¸« Znhkw AhnsS X§m-sa-¶pÅ Dt±-i-t¯m-Sp-Iq-Sn-bmWv R§Ä bm{X-Xn-cn-¨-Xv. F¶m Imäv R§Ä¡p {]Xn-Iq-e-am-bn-cp-¶p. a{Zm-ÊnÂ\n¶v Nn¦Ât¸-«-bn-te¡v ap¸-¯©p \mgnI Zqcw am{X-ta-bp-Åq-sh-¦nepw Im-sä-Xn-cm-bn-cp-¶-Xp-sImv Ahn-sS-sb-¯n-t¨-cp-hm³ hf-sc-tbsd kabw R§Ä¡p-th-n-h-¶p. cm{Xn H³]-X-c-a-Wn-¡mWv R§Ä Nn¦Ât¸-«-bn-se-¯n-b-Xv. DSs\ kvt\ln-Xsâ hoSv At\z-jn-¡p-Ibpw ]¯p-a-Wn¡v ap¼mbn At±-l-¯nsâ ho«n-se-¯p-Ibpw sNbvXp. A¶-hnsS kpJ-ambn Xma-kn-¨p.
]£n-XoÀ°w
]ntä-Zn-hkw Ime¯v Ahn-sS-\n¶v bm{X-Xcn-¡p-Ibpw ]¯p-\m-gnI AI-e-¯pÅ ]£n-XoÀ°-¯n (Xn-cp-¡-en-Ipw) F¯n-t¨-cp-Ibpw sNbvXp. Xncp-¡-en-Ipw Hcp ]pWy-t£-{X-am-Wv. Xmsg Hcp alm-t£-{Xhpw AXn-\-Sp¯v Hcp henb Ip¶pw B Ip¶n-t·-semcp alm-t£-{XhpamWv Xncp-¡-en-¡p¯pÅXv. F¶m Xncp-¡-en-Ip¯nsâ {]m[m\yw AsXm-¶p-a-Ã. Xncp-¡-en-¡psa-¶m Xncp-¡-gp-¡pw BsW¶pw cp Igp-I-·mÀ \mÄtXmdpw Ahn-sS-
h¶v t£{X-¯nÂ\n¶v ]mbkw Ign-¨p-t]m-Ip-¶-Xp-sImv am{X-am-Wm-Ø-e-¯n¶p Cu t]cp-m-b-sX¶pw ]d-b-s¸-Sp-¶p.
ssk¡n-fp-IÄ Ip¶n-\p-Xm-sg-bpÅ Hcp IS-bn GÂ]n¨v R§Ä Ip¶nsâ a-bn Ib-dn. Ht«sd ]S-hp-IÄI-bdn Hcp Ncnhnse-¯n-b-t¸mÄ Ip¶n-\p-ap-I-fn-epÅ alm-t£{Xw ImWp-am-dm-bn. t£{X-¯n-¶-Sp¯v Hcp henb ]md-bp-v. B ]md-ta-en-cp¶p Hcp {_mÒ-W³ ]qP sN¿p-¶p-m-bn-cp-¶p. ]£nI-fpsS hchpw Im¯v Ht«sd Bfp-IÄ AhnsS k¶n-ln-X-cm-bn-«p-v. R§fpw Ah-cpsS Iq«-¯n t]mbn-\n-¶p. ]Xn-s\m-¶-c -a-Wn-tbm-S-Sp-¯-t¸mÄ BIm-i¯p hf-sc-Zq-c¯v Ft´m H¶p ]d-¡p-¶p-s¶p R§Ä¡p-tXm-¶v. AsXmcp ]£n-bm-sW¶pw AXp t£{X-¯n-te¡p ]d-¶p-h-cn-I-bm-sW¶pw ]n¶o-SmWp R§Ä¡p t_m²y-am-b-Xv.
Hcp Igp-I³ ]mdn-¸-d¶v ]md-ta h¶n-cp-¶p. \me©p an\n-«p-IÄ¡p-Ån asämcp Igp-I-\pw- IqSn Ahn-tS¡p ]d-¶p-h-¶p. {_mÒ-W³ Xsâ ]qP aXn-bm¡n Igp-I-·msc amSn-hn-fn-¨p. Ah ASp¯p hcn-Ibpw At±lw sImSp¯ ]mbkw At±-l-¯nsâ I¿nÂ\n¶pw ]m{X-¯nÂ\n¶p sIm¯n-¯n-¶p-Ibpw sNbvXp. hni-s¸Ãmw amdn-b-t¸mÄ Ipd-¨p-t\cw AhnsS hn{i-an¨p ]£n-IÄ ]mdn-¸-d¶p A{]-Xy-£-s¸-Sp-Ibpw sNbvXp. Cu ImgvN Xncp-¡-en-¡p¯v ]Xn-hp-Å-Xm-Wv. AhnsS R§Ä tI« sFXnlyw ]d-bp-I-bm-sW-¦n Cu cp Igp-I-·mÀ cp Ejn-am-cm-sW¶pw AhÀ Dd-§p-¶Xv Imin-bnepw DuWv Xncp-¡-en-¡p¯pw Ipfn cmta-iz-c-¯p-am-sW-¶m-Wv.
alm-_-en-]pcw
R§Ä Ip¶p hn«n-d§n alm-_-en-]p-c-t¯¡pÅ bm{X XpSÀ¶p. Imäv A\p-Iq-e-am-bn-cp-¶-Xp-sImv hfsc thKw R§Ä alm-_-en-]p-c-s¯-¯n. Ahn-Ss¯ inÂ]-I-em-ku-[-§Ä, ]mÞ-h-c-Y-§Ä, sh®-¡-Ãv, AÀÖp-\-X-]-Êv, IS¯o-c-t£-{Xw, ]pXn-bXpw ]g-b-Xp-amb sseäv lukp-IÄ F¶n-h-sbÃmw R§Ä \S¶p Ip. A¶-hn-sS-¯s¶ Xma-kn-¡p-hm\pw R§Ä Xocp-am-\n-¨p.
C¶-s¯-t¸mse Xma-k-ku-I-cy-§-sfm¶pw A¶v alm-_-en-]p-c-¯p-m-bn-cp-¶n-Ã. Hcp Xan-g¯n kv{Xo \S-¯n-bn-cp¶ Hcp im¸m-«p-
]p-c-bn-emWp R§Ä A¶p Xma-kn-¨-Xv. sNdnb Ce-IÄ hr¯m-Im-c-¯n Xp¶n-¡q-«nb Hcp henb Ce-bn ssIsImp tNmdp-hm-cn-bn-Sp-I-bmWv AhÀ sNbvX-Xv. ssIsImp tNmdp hmcn-bn-«-Xn R§Ä¡-Xr]vXnbpm-bn-cp¶psh¦nepw H¶pw ]d-bmsX R§Ä DuWp-I-gn-¨p. AXp Ahn-Sps¯ k{¼-Zm-b-am-Wv. ]ntä-Zn-hkw cmhnse Ahn-sS-\n¶v bm{X-Xn-cn-¨p. alm-_-en-]p-c-¯p-\n¶p aZn-cm-in¡p Hcp DuSp-h-gn-bp-s¶v R§Ä t\cs¯ tI«n-cp-¶p. B DuSp-h-gn¡p aS-§n-t¸m-Im-sa-¶mWv Xocp-am-\n-¨-Xv. A¶s¯ B DuSp-h-gn-bmWv C¶v aZn-cm-in-bnÂ\n¶v alm-_-en-]p-c-t¯¡pw I¸m-¡-t¯-¡p-apÅ Ing-¡³ Xoc-tdm-Uv.
F¶m A¶p tdmsU¶p ]d-b-¯¡ H¶n-Ãm-Xn-cp¶ B hgn-I-fn¡qSn R§Ä ssk¡nÄ Nhn«n Hcp hn[-¯n emänkv {_nUvPn-se-¯n. emänkv {_nUvPv Hcp ]gb ]me-am-Wv. _m¡nwKvlmw I\m-en-\p-ap-I-fn ]Wn-Xn-«pÅ Hcp ]mew. B ]mew At¸mÄ AS-¨n-cn-¡p-I-bm-bn-cp-¶p. AU-bm-dn-\-Sp-¯mWv ]me-ap-Å-Xv. B ]mew IS-¡p-hm³ km[n-¡p-I-bn-sÃ-¦n alm-_-en-]p-cw, Xncp-¡-en-¡pw, Nn¦Ât¸-«-hgn aZn-cm-inbnse¯p-hm³ Adp-]-Xn-tesd abn-ep-IÄ ssk¡nÄ Nhn-«-Ww. ]mew IS-¡p-hm-s\m-¡p-I-bm-sW-¦n A©p ssaep-IÄ Nhn«n R§Ä¡v a{Zm-Ên-se-¯mw. Hcp-X-c-¯n ssk¡nfpw Xe-bn-se-Sp¯v AS-¨p-]q-«nb ]mew R§Ä IS¶v A¡-c-]-än. AU-bm-dn-tem-fw-t]mbn {_Ò-hn-Zym-kw-L-¯nsâ (Theosaphical Society) tXm«-¯n IS¶v {]i-kvX-amb Ahn-Sps¯ Bepw-Np-h-«n R§Ä Ipsd-t\cw InS-¶p-d-§n. A¶p tUmIvSÀ B\n-_-kâv AhnsS tcmK-i-¿-bn InS-¡p-I-bm-bn-cp-¶p. A[n-Iw-\m-fp-IÄ Ign-bp-¶-Xn-\p-ap¼mbn AhÀ Cl-tem-I-hmkw shSn-ªp. sshIp-t¶-c-t¯m-Sp-IqSn R§Ä ssk¡n-fnÂXs¶ aZn-cm-in-bn-se-¯n-t¨-cp-Ibpw sNbvXp.
N§-¼p-gbpw Rm\pw
hÀ¤okv If-¯nepw Rm\pw Htc tImtf-Pn H¶n¨p ]Tn-¨-Xm-Wv. tImtfPvhn«v A[n-Iw-\mÄ sNÃp-¶-Xn-\p-ap-¼mbn Rm³ HcpIpdn Xncp-h-\-´-]p-c¯p t]mbn. hÀ¤okv If-¯n At¸mÄ Xncp-h-\-´-]p-c¯p ae-bmfw Fw.-F.bv¡p ]Tn-¡p-I-bm-bn-cp-¶p. Rm³ Ahn-sS-
sh¨p At±-ls¯¡p. At±-l-¯nsâ kl-]m-Tn-I-fn-sem-cm-fm-bn-cp¶p N§-¼pg IrjvW-]n-Å. R§Ä cp-t]-cpw-IqSn Hcp Znhkw N§-¼pg Xma-kn-¨n-cp¶ amfn-I-ap-dn-bnÂsN¶p At±-ls¯ Ip. Xmsg IS-Ifpw apI-fn Bfp-IÄ Xma-k-hp-apÅ Hcp apdn-bm-bn-cp¶p AXv. [mcmfw _oUn-IÄ A¶p AhnsS In-cp-¶p. Ipsd-t\cw shSn-]-dªp R§Ä Ign-¨p-Iq-«p-Ibpw sNbvXp. ]ntä-Zn-hkw Rm³ Hcp Nmb-¡-S-bn Ibdn Nmb IpSn-¡p-I-bm-bn-cp-¶p. A¶p Imes¯ ]{X-¯n C¶s¯ ]cn-]m-Sn-I-fn Hcp sNdnb hmÀ¯-bp-m-bn-cp-¶p. A¶p sshIp-t¶cw lnµn ]Tn-¸n-¡p-hm³thn tNcp¶ Hcp tbmK-¯n N§-¼pg IrjvW-]nÅ {]kw-Kn-¡p-¶p-s-¶m-bn-cp¶p B hmÀ¯. B hmÀ¯ hmbn¨ DSs\ Nmb-¡-S-¡m-c³ ]d-bp-I-bm-Wv. "FtSm tKmhnµm C¶p sshIp-t¶-cw........ Øe¯p Hcp s]mXp-tbm-K-ap-v. AXn {]kw-Kn-¡p-hm³ N§-¼pg IrjvW-]nÅ hcp-sa-¶mWv ImWp-¶-Xv. ChnsS A©c cq]m At§À¡p ]äp-v. {]kw-Kn-¡p-hm³ hcp-t¼mÄ B IW-¡p]pkvX-I-sa-Sp¯p A§p sNÃ-Ww. Nne-t¸mÄ Imip-In-«n-sb-¶p-hcpw!'
tIc-f-¯nse {]kn-²-\mb Hcp Ihn-sb-¡p-dn-¨mWp B Nmb-¡-S-¡m-c³ \mbÀ C§s\ ]d-bp-¶-Xv. C¶se Rm³ B alm-I-hnsb Ip kwkm-cn-¨-Xm-Wv. C{Xbpw Zb-\o-b-am-WtÃm B alm-I-hn-bpsS C¶s¯ \ne. Nmb-¡-S-¡m-c³ aoänwKv Øe-t¯¡p Bsf Abt¨m F¶p \nÝ-b-an-Ã. Nmb IpSn-¨-Xnsâ Imip-sIm-Sp¯p Rm³ eÖ-tbmSpw hyk-\-t¯m-Spw-IqSn IS-bnÂ\n¶p ]pd-¯n-d-§n. tIc-f-¯nsâ alm-I-hn-bmbn C¶p temIÀ am\n-¡p¶ N§-¼p-g-sb-¡p-dn¨p A¶p Nmb-¡-S-¡m-c-\p-m-bn-cp¶ aXn-¸n-t\-¡p-dn-t¨mÀ¡p-t¼mÄ F\n-¡n¶pw eÖ tXm¶p-¶p-v. CS-¸-Ån-bn At±lw A´y-hn-{iaw sImÅp¶ B ih¡-Ã-dbv¡p ap¼nÂsN¶p \n¶-t¸mgpw F\n¡p B Nmb-¡S HmÀ½-h-¶p.
aZn-cm-in-bn Rm³ cmjv{Sob {]hÀ¯-\-§-fn GÀs¸-«n-cp-s¶-¦nepw Fsâ {]hÀ¯-\-§-sf-¡p-dn¨p B^o-kntem Un¸mÀ«p-saântem bmsXmcp Bt£-]-§fpw Dm-bn-cp-¶n-Ã. Ah-cmcpw Fsâ {]hÀ¯-\-§-sf-¡p-dn¨v Adn-bp-Ibpw sNbvXn-cp-¶n-Ã. ]I DtZym-K-Ø\pw cm{Xn sXmgn-emfn {]hÀ¯-I-\p-sa¶ \ne-bmWv As¶-\n¡p Dm-bn-cp-¶-Xv. DtZym-K-am-sW-¦n F¶pw DtZymKw Dm-hp-I-bp-an-Ã. Hgnhp-h-cp¶ B^o-kp-I-fn XmÂIm-en-I-co-Xn-bn \nb-a\w In«p-Ibpw B Hgnhp XoÀ¶m ]ncn-¨p-hn-S-s¸-Sp-Ibpw sNbvXn-cp¶ Hcp Ah-Ø-bmWv BZy-Im-e-§-fn Dm-bn-cp-¶-Xv.
t]meokv I½o-j-W-dpsS B^o-kn-emWv BZyw tPmen sN¿p-hm-\m-cw-`n-¨-sX-¦nepw aZn-cmin \K-c-¯nse ]e B^o-kp-I-fnepw Rm³ AXn-\p-Ån tPmen t\m¡n-bn-«p-v. A§s\ aZn-cm-in-bn InÂt]m-¡n-epÅ Nn¯-tcm-Km-ip-]-{Xn-bn tPmen sN¿p-¶-Xn-\n-S-bn-emWv alm-ßm-KmÔn hyàn-k-Xy-{Klw Bcw-`n-¨-Xv. C´y³ kzmX-{´y-¯n-\p-thn kacw Bcw-`n-¡p-hm³ Rm\pw Im¯n-cn-¡p-I-bm-bn-cp-¶p. "_lp-P\ kacw DS-\Sn thW'sa¶pÅ ap{Zm-hmIyw Fsâ lrZ-b-¯nepw apg-§p-¶p-m-bn-cp-¶p-sh-¦nepw GsX-¦nepw Xc-¯n-epÅ Hcp kacw alm-ßPn Bcw-`n-¨-t¸mÄ Rm³ AXy´w k´p-jvS-\m-hp-I-bmWv sNbvX-Xv. hyàn-k-Xy-{K-l-¯n ]s¦-Sp-¡p-hm-\pÅ AXn-bmb B{K-l-t¯m-Sp-IqSn Rm\¶v tPmen-sbÃmw hns«-dnªv eohn-¶-t]-£n-¡p-I-t]mepw sN¿msX \m«n-te¡p bm{X-Xn-cn-¡p-hm-\m-Wp-t±-in-¨-Xv.
kp`mjv N{µ-t_mkv
tIm¬{KÊnÂ\n¶v sXän-¸n-cnªv t^mÀthUv t»m¡p Øm]n¨p Ign-ª-Xn-¶p-tijw kp`mjv N{µ-t_mkv a{Zm-kn h¶ Znhkw XneIvL«n At±-l-¯nsâ {]kwKw GÀ¸mSp sNbvXn-cp-¶p. AXn-Kw-`o-c-amb Hcp tbmK-am-bn-cp¶p A¶v {Sn¹n-t¡-bn IS-¸p-d-¯pÅ XneIvL«n tNÀ¶n-cp-¶-Xv. tIma-f-I-tf-_-c-\mb kp`m-jvN-{µ-t_mkv Kw`o-c-amb At±-l-¯nsâ {]kwKw \S-¯n-s¡m-n-cn-¡p-¶-Xn-\n-S-bn At±-lhpw tIm¬{K-Ênse aäp t\Xm-¡-·mcpw
X½n Dm-bn-cp¶ A`n-{]m-b- hn-Xym-k-§-sf-¡p-dn¨v ]cm-aÀin-¡p-I-bm-bn-cp-¶p. AXn-\n-S-bn-emWv HcmÄ Hcp sNdnb Xpp-I-S-emkv At±-l-¯nsâ ssI¿n sImSp-¯-Xv. B IS-em-Ênsâ DÅ-S¡w a\Ênem¡n-b-Xn-¶p-tijw kp`m-jvN-{µ-t_m-knsâ apJ¯v s]s«-s¶mcp `mh-t`-Z-ap-m-bn. At±-l-¯nsâ kzc-¯n\pw amäw-h-¶p.
"C\n A`n-{]m-b-hy-Xym-k-§Ä \mw ad-¡p-I. \man\n H¶n-¡p-I, {_n«³bp²w {]Jym-]n¨p Ign-ªn-cn-¡p-I-bm-Wv. {_n«s\ C´y-bnÂ\n¶v Xpcp-¯p-hm-\pÅ amÀ¤-§-sf-¡p-dn-¨mWv C\n \ap-¡m-tem-Nn-t¡--Xv. kÀZmÀ hÃ-`mbv ]t«-ens\ Ip Imcy-]-cn-]m-Sn-IÄ Xocp-am-\n-¡p-hm³ Rm³ UÂln¡p t]mhp-I-bm-Wv.' F¶p ]d-ªp-sImv At±lw {]kwKw Ah-km-\n-¸n-¡p-Ibpw A¶p-Xs¶ UÂln-bn-te¡v ]d-¶p-t]m-Ip-Ibpw sNbvXp.
UÂln-bn-se¯n aäp t\Xm-¡-·m-cp-ambn NÀ¨-IÄ \S-¯n-sb-¦nepw kp`mjv N{µ-t_m-kn\v Imcy-am-sbm¶pw t\Sp-hm³ Ign-ªn-Ã. Gsd Ign-bp-¶-Xn-\p-ap-¼-t±-ls¯ {_n«o-jp-ImÀ XS-§-en-em-¡n. A§s\ XS-§-en Ign-bp-t¼m-gmWp ]mdm-hp-Im-scbpw {_n«o-jp-Im-scbpw I_-fn-¸n-¨p-sImp C´y-\-XnÀ¯n-IÄ IS¶p At±-l-a-¸p-d-s¯-¯n-b-Xv. BZyw PÀ½-\n-bnepw ]n¶o-S-t±lw P¸m-\nepw t]mbn. sX¡p-In-g-¡-t\-jy-bn At±lw C´y³ \mj-W BÀan cq]o-I-cn-¨p. "BkmZv lnµv ^uPv' F¶-t±lw AXn\p t]cp sImSp-¯p. "Ntem Ntem UÂln Ntem' F¶p ap{Zm-hm-Iy-a-hÀ apg-¡n. "IZw IZw _Sm-bPm' F¶p ]mSn-sImhÀ apt¶-dn. _À½-bnÂIqSn aWn-¸q-cn IS-¶p. C´y-bpsS a®n kzX{´ C´y³]-XmI AhÀ DbÀ¯n. ]n¶o-Sm-W-hÀs¡mcp Xncn-¨Sn Dm-b-Xpw, P¸m³ Iog-S-§n-b-Xpw, kp`m-jvN-{µ-t_mkv Fs¶-t¶-¡p-ambn \ap¡p \jvS-s¸-Sp-hm³ CS-h-¶-Xpw.
bp²w Bcw-`n-¨p-I-gn-ªp. lnäve-dpsS PÀ½-\nbpw Ìmensâ djybpw IqsS t]mf-ns\ C-cp-h-i-¯p-\n¶pw B{I-an¨v ]¦n«p Ign-ªn-cn-¡p-I-bm-Wv. {^m³kpw {_n«-\pw -IqSn Hcp Kh¬saâv cq]o-I-cn¨v lnä-e-dpsS XÅn-¡-b-äs¯ XSp¯p \ndp-¯p-hm³ ]cn-{i-an-¡p-I-bm-Wv. 1989 sk]vXw-_À amk-¯n Bcw-`n¨ bp²w apdpIn hcp-I-bm-Wv. AXn-\n-S-bn tIm¬{K-Êp-ambn Hcp H¯p-XoÀ¸p-m-¡p-hm³ Nne ]cn-{i-a-§-sfÃmw \S-¶n-cp-¶p-sh-¦n-epw, Ah-sbm¶pw ^e-{]-Z-ambnÃ. alm-ß-Pn-bpsS t\Xr-Xz-¯n hyàn kXym-{Klw Bcw-`n-¡p-hm³ Xocp-am-\n¨p Ign-ªn-cn-¡p-¶p.
"Cu bp²-¯n Bsf--s¡mtm ]Ww-sImtm {_n«\p bmsXmcp klm-bhpw sN¿p-hm³ ]mSp-Å-XÃ' F¶ ap{Zm-hmIyw apg-¡nsImv kam-cw-`n¨ hy-àn-k-Xym-{Klw \m«nsâ \m\m`mK-§-fnepw \S-¶p-sIm-n-cn-¡p-I-bm-Wv. BZy-ambn kXym-{Klw A\p-jvTn-¡p-hm³ a-lm-ßPn Xnc-sª-Sp¯ BÄ BNm-cy-hn-t\m-_m-`sh Bbn-cp-¶p. -A-Xn-\p-ap¼v At±-l-s¯-¡p-dn¨v Bcpw-Xs¶ H¶pw tI«n-cp-¶n-Ã. F¶m C´y-bnse H¶m-as¯ kXy-{K-ln-bmbn KmÔnPn At±-l-s¯-bmWv Xnc-sª-Sp-¯-sX¶p h¶-t¸mÄ BNm-cy-hn-t\m-_m-`sh C´y-bnse§pw {]kn-²-\m-bn-¯oÀ¶p. cm-as¯ kXy-{Kln ]Þnäv Ph-lÀemÂs\lvdp Bbn-cp-¶p. C´y-bpsS hnhn[ `mK-§-fnÂ\n¶pw alm-ßPn kXym-{K-ln-Isf Xnc-sª-Sp-¡p-Ibpw AhÀ Hmtcm-cp-¯-cmbn kXy-{Klw A\p-jvTn-¡p-Ibpw sNbvXp.
B-Zy-amZyw ]e-tcbpw AdÌpsNbvXn-cp-¶p. F¦nepw ]n¶oSv ]e-tcbpw Ad-Ìp-sN-¿msX hnSp-I-bm-bn-cp-¶p. AdÌp sN¿m-Xn-cp-¶m XpSsc kXy-{Klw A\p-jvTn-¨p-sImv UÂln-bn-temfw \S-s¶-¯-W-sa-¶m-bn-cp¶p KmÔnPn kXy-{K-ln-IÄ¡p-thn h¨n-cp¶ \n_-Ô-\. tIc-f-¯nse BZys¯ kXy-{Kln {io. tIf-¸-\m-bn-cp-¶p. At±-ls¯ XpSÀ¶v ]ecpw kXy-{Klw A\p-jv-Tn-¨p. Xe-tÈ-cn-bnse BZys¯ kXy-{K-ln-bmbncp¶ {io. Fw.-]n. Zmtam-Z-c³ hb-e-f-¯p-sh¨v kXy{Klw A\p-jvTn-¡p-Ibpw AdÌp sN¿-s¸-Sp-Ibpw sNbvXp.
\m«n-se¯n Ipd¨pZnhk-§Ä hyàn kXy-{K-ln-I-fpsS KXn hnK-Xn-I-sfÃmw ]cn-tim-[n-¨-tijw kXy-{Klw A\p-jvTn-¡p-¶-Xn F\n¡p henb DÕm-l-sam¶pw tXm¶n-bn-Ã. hyàn-k-Xy-{Klw A\p-jvTn¨ Bfp-IÄ Xs¶ Ad-Ìp-sN-¿-s¸-SmsX \mSp-\osf k©-cn-¡p¶ Hcp \ne-bm-W-¶p-m-bn-cp-¶-Xv. {io. tIf-¸³ kXy-{K-l-a-\p-jvTn¨v PbnÂhmkw hcn¨v ]pd-¯p-h¶ Ime-am-W-Xv. At±lw hopw kXy-{Klw A\p-jvTn-¨p-sh-¦nepw At±-ls¯ Ad-Ìp-sN-¿p-I-bp-m-bn-Ã. Ad-Ìp-sN-¿msX t]mbm kXy-{K-ln-IÄ kXy-{K-l-hp-ambn UÂln-¡p-t\sc \S-¶p-sIm-Å-W-sa¶pw Fhn-sS-h¨pw Ad-Ìp-sN-¿m-¯-]£w UÂln-hsc \S-s¶-¯-W-sa-¶p-am-bn-cp¶p A¶s¯ hyh-Ø. {io. tIf-¸s\ tIm«bw Xmeq-¡n k©m-c-]-cn-]m-Sn-IÄ GÀs¸-Sp-¯p-hm\pw At±-ls¯ A\p-K-an-¡p-hm\pw {io. sF.-sI. Ipam-c\pw Rm-\p-amWv \ntbm-Kn-¡-s¸-«-Xv. R§-fpsS t\Xmhv {io. In\m¯n \mcm-b-W-\m-bn-cp-¶p. At±-l-¯nsâ ho«n F¯n-t¨À¶ {io. tIf-¸s\ R§Ä kzoI-cn-¡p-Ibpw, At±-l-¯nsâ bm{Xm-]-cn-]m-Sn-IÄ R§Ä Bkq-{XWw sNbvXv Xocp-am-\n-¡p-Ibpw sNbvXp.
BZy-ambn IXn-cq-cn-emWv R§Ä tbmKw tNcp-hm³ Xocp-am-\n-¨-Xv. {io. tIf-¸-\p-sam¯v R§Ä IXn-cq-cn-se-¯n. tbmK-Ø-e¯p sN¶-t¸mÄ Bcpw tbmK-¯n\v lmP-cp-m-bn-cp-¶n-Ã. IXn-cq-cnse Bfp-IÄ AXn-`o-cp-¡-fmtWm F¶p R§Ä kwi-bn-¨p. tIc-f-Km-Ôn-sb¶ t]cn kp{]-kn-²-\mb tIf-¸-s\-t]m-semcp t\Xmhv IXn-cq-cp-t]m-epÅ Hcp {]tZ-i¯p {]kw-Kn-¡p-hm-s\-¯n-bn«pw tbmK-¯n kw_-Ôn-¡p-hm³ Bfp-I-fn-ÃmsX t]mbXp F´p-sIm-m-sW¶p R§-f-Ûp-X-s¸-«p. At¸m-gmWp R§Ä¡v Imcyw a\-Ên-em-b-Xv. tIm¬{K-Ênsâ B`n-ap-Jy-¯n tIm¬{K-Êp-tkm-jy-en-Ìp-Im-cpw, ]n¶oSv I½yq-Wn-Ìp-Im-cp-amb Bfp-IÄ {]Xn-tj-[-Zn\w sImm-Sp-I-bpw, AXnsâ ^e-ambn Xe-tÈ-cn-bnepw samdm-g-bnepw a«-¶q-cnepw shSn-hbv]pw sIme-]m-X-I-§fpw \S-¡p-Ibpw sNbvX-Xnsâ t]cn tIm¬{KÊv F¶p tI«m Bfp-IÄ¡v t]Sn-bm-sW¶v a\-Ên-em-¡n-b-Xv At¸m-gm-bn-cp-¶p. Xe-tÈcn IS-¸p-d-¯p-h¨v cp-t]À shSnsImp acn-¨-Xpw, samdmgm s]mXp-tbm-K-¯nÂsh¨v t]meokv kºvC³kvs]-IvSÀ Ip«n-Ir-jvW-ta-t\m³ sIme-sN-¿-s¸-«-Xpw, a«-¶q-cnÂh¨v Hcp t]meo-kp-Im-c³ sIme-s¸-«-Xp-saÃmw ASp-¯p-\-S¶ kw`-h-§-fm-Wv.
B kw`-h-§sf XpSÀ¶v t]meo-Êp-ImÀ `oI-c-§-fmb aÀ±-\-§Ä Agn-¨p-hn-«n-cp-¶p. A¶s¯ kw`-h-§Ä \S-¶Xp apgph³ tIm¬-{K-Ênsâ B`n-ap-Jy-¯n-em-bn-cp-¶p. tIm¬{K-Ên cp-hn-`mKw Bfp-IÄ Ds¶pw Ah-cn-semcp hn`mKw B{I-acmlnXy¯nepw asäm-cp-hn-`mKw B{I-a-¯nepw hniz-kn-¡p-¶-h-cm-sW¶pw aäp-apÅ hyXym-k-§Ä km[m-c-W-¡mÀ¡p Adn-bp-am-bn-cp-¶n-Ã. A{I-a--{]-hÀ¯-\-§Ä¡v t\XrXzw sImSp-¯-Xnsâ t]cn A¶s¯ tIm¬{KÊv I½nän-IÄ ]ncn-¨p-hn-S-s¸-Sp-Ibpw AUvtlm¡v I½-nän-IÄ cq]o-I-cn-¡-s¸-Sp-Ibpw aäpw sNbvXn-cp¶p! "\µ-tKm-hn-µ-·m-cpsS `cWw' F¶p CS-Xp-]£ tIm¬{K-Êp-ImÀ B-t£-]n-¨n-cp¶ dmwIn-tjmÀem \µvtIm-fn-b-dpw, kn.-sI. tKmhn-µ³\m-bÀ, Fw.-]n.-tKm-hn-µ-ta-t\m³ F¶n-hcpw am{X-a-S-§p¶ AUvtlm¡v I½-nän-bmWv A¶v tIc-f-¯n tIm¬{KÊv sImp-\-S-¶n-cp-¶-Xv. F¶m Cu hkvXp-X-IÄ H¶pw Adn-bm-Xn-cp¶ {Kmao-W-cmb km[m-c-W-¡mÀ tIf¸sâ kXym-{Kl{]kwKw tIÄ¡p-hm³ h¶n-cp-¶n-Ã.
Bfn-Ãm¯ tbmKs¯ A`n-ap-Jo-I-cn¨v Rm³ D¨-¯n {]kw-Kn-¡p-hm³ XpS-§n. Ipd-¨p-t\cw ]d-ªp-Xp-S-§n-b-t¸mÄ hgn-t]m-Ip-¶-hcpw ASp-¯p-Å-h-cp-amb Ipd-¨m-fp-IÄ {]kwKw tIÄ¡p-hm³ h¶p-\n-¶p. Fsâ {]kw-K-¯n\v ]ncn-ap-dp-Inbt¸mÄ t{imXm-¡-fpsS F®hpw hÀ²n-¨p. kmam\yw Hcp s]mXp-tbm-K-¯n-\p-th Bfp-I-fm-sb¶p tXm¶n-b-t¸mÄ Rm³ {]kwKw aXn-bm-¡p-Ibpw {io. tIf-¸-t\mSv {]kw-Kn-¡p-hm-\-t]-£n-¡p-Ibpw sNbvXp. A§n-s\-bmWv {io. tIf-¸\v A¶v IXn-cq-cn Hcp kZÊv In«n-b-Xv. Cu k{¼-Zmbw aäp]e -Ø-e-§-fnepw R§Ä¡p BhÀ¯n-t¡--Xm-bn-h-¶p. A§s\ tIm«bw Xmeq-¡nse ]cy-S\w Ignªv {io. tIf-¸s\ R§Ä Nndbv¡Â Xmeq-¡n-te¡v IS-¯n-hn-«p. GXm\pw \mfp-IÄ Ign-ª-t¸mÄ {io. tImgn-¸p-d¯p am[-h³ta-t\msâbpw, {ioaXn Ip«n-am-fp- A-½-bp-sSbpw kXy-{K-l-am-bn. Pbn-enÂt]mbn Xncn-¨p-h¶p hopw kXy-{Klw A\p-jvTn¨ am[-h-ta-t\m-s\bpw Ip«n-am-fp-A-½-tbbpw ]n¶oSv AdÌp sN¿p-I-bp-m-bn-Ã. cp-t]cpw c-h-k-c-§-fn kXy-{K-l-a-\p-jvTn-¨-h-cm-bn-cp-¶p-sh-¦nepw Xe-tÈ-cn-bn-se-¯p-¶n-Xn-\p-ap-¼p-Xs¶ AhÀ H¶n¨p tNcp-Ibpw ]n¶oSv Hcp tbmK-¯nÂh-¨p-Xs¶ AhÀ kXy-{K-l-a-\p-jvTn-¡p-Ibpw bp²-hn-cp-²-{]-kw-K-§Ä \S-¯p-Ibpw sNbvXn-cp-¶p.
hyàn-k-Xy-{K-l-sa-¶m kXy-{K-l-a-\p-jvTn-¡p-hm³ KmÔn-Pn-bm Xnc-sª-Sp-¡-s¸-Sp¶ Bfp-IÄ am{Xw kXy-{Klw sN¿pI F¶p-Å-Xm-Wv. C´y-bn-epÅ {]hÀ¯-I-sc-sbÃmw KÔn-Pn¡-dn-bp-hm³ km²y-a-sÃ-¶p-Å-Xp-sImv {]mtZ-inI tIm¬{KÊv I½n-än-I-fmWv Ah-cpsS t]cp-IÄ KmÔn-Pn¡v Ab-¨p-sIm-n-cp-¶-Xv. A§s\ Fsâ t]cv KmÔn-Pn-s¡-¯n-¡p-hm-\pÅ ]cn-{i-a-¯n-teÀs¸-Sp-hm³ Rm\-t¸mÄ k¶-²-\m-bn-cp-¶n-Ã. t]msc-¦n t]cp-I-f-b¨v KmÔn-Pn-bpsS AwKo-Imcw t\Sn-bn-«p-Å-hÀt]mepw kXy-{K-l-a-\p-jvTn-¨m Ahsc AdÌp sN¿p-¶nà F¶pÅ \nebpw At¸m-tg¡v h¶p Ign-ªn-cp-¶p. kXy-{Klw \S-¯p-hm³ KmÔn-Pn-bm A\p-h-Zn-¡-s¸-«-h-cm-bn-cp-¶p. {io. tImgn-¸p-d¯p am[-h-ta-t\m-\pw, {ioaXn Ip«n-am-fp-A-½bpw. F¶m Ah-tc-t¸mepw cm-as¯ XhW AdÌp sNbn-cp-¶n-Ã. AhÀ¡p-thn {]kw-K-a-©-§Ä X¿m-dm-¡p-I-sb-¶-Xp-Xs¶ A¡m-e¯p hfsc sshj-ay-apÅ Hcp tPmen-bm-bn-cp-¶p.
"_lp-P-\-k-acw DS-\Sn thWw' F¶ ap{Zm-hmIyw apg¡n \S-¶n-cp¶ CS-Xp-]£ tIm¬{K-Êp-ImÀ¡p hyàn-k-Xy-{K-l-¯nsâ t\sc henb ]pÑ-am-bn-cp-¶p. t]msc-¦n sk-]vXw-_À 10-þmw XobXn Ah-cm-N-cn¨ {]Xn-tj-[-Zn-\-¯nsâ ^e-ambn Xe-tÈ-cn, samdm-g, a«-¶qÀ kw`-h-§-fp-apmbn. AXp-sIm-sÃmw kXy-{K-ln-IÄ hyàn-k-Xy-{Klw A\p-jvTn-¡p¶ Øe-§-fn AXp ImWp-hm-t\m, tIÄ¡p-hmt\m Bsf In«pI hnj-a-am-bn-cp-¶p. tIf-¸sâ tIm¬{KÊv {]N-c-W-bm-{X-bv¡p-thn R§Ä kzoI-cn¨ ]cn-]m-Sn-Xs¶ C¯-h-Wbpw kzoI-cn-¡p-hm³ Xocp-am-\n-¨p. B Imcy-¯n-\p-thn C¡p-dnbpw \nbp-à-cm-bXv {io. sF.sI. Ipam-c\pw, Rm\pw Xs¶-bm-bn-cp-¶p. B ]cy-S-\-¯n-\n-S-bn ]e A\p-`-h-§fpw R§Ä¡p-m-bn. tIm«bw Xmeq-¡nse (C-¶s¯ Xe-tÈcn Xmeq-¡v) ]e Øe-§-fnepw ImÂ\-S-bmbn k-©cn¨v s]mXptbmK-§Ä DÅn-S¯v s]mXp-tbm-K-§-fn-epw, Bfn-Ãm¯ Øe-§-fn bp²-hn-cp² ap{Zm-hm-Iy-§fpw apg-¡n-s¡mv k©-cn-¡pI F¶p-Å-Xm-bn-cp¶p kXy-{K-ln-I-fpsS ]cn-]m-Sn. A§ns\ Hcp Znhkw cmhnse F«-c-a-Wn-¡mWv hS-¡pw-¼mSv Imfn-bnse ]oSn-I-bv¡-Sp¯v R§Ä Ft¯n Ccp-¶-Xv.
tN¡pw-]m-e-¯n\Sp¯pÅ B Øew hf-sc-sbm¶pw P\-§Ä
IqSp-hm³ kuI-cy-apÅ Øe-am-bn-cp-¶n-Ã. F¶n-cn-¡nepw R§Ä \S¶p \S¶v A-hnsS F¯p-t¼m-tg¡v henb P\-¡q«w kXy-{K-ln-Isf {]Xo-£n-¨-hnsS Im¯p-\n¸p-m-bn-cp-¶p. A-h-cpsS B \nÂ]v R§sf AÂ]-sam¶p A¼-c-¸n-¡m-Xn-cp-¶n-Ã. CS-Xp-]-£-¡mÀ¡v ap³Xq-¡-apÅ Hcp {]tZ-i-hp-am-bn-cp¶p AXv. kXym-{K-l-a-\p-jvTn-¡p-hm³ Bh-iy-amb NS-§p-IÄ R§Ä \S-¯n-s¡m-n-cn-¡p-¶-Xn-\n-S-bn HcmÄ apt¶m-«p-h¶v kXy-{K-ln-I-tfmSp Nne tNmZy-§Ä tNmZn-¡p-hm³ XpS-§n. an¡ tNmZy-§Ä¡pw kap-Nn-X-amb adp-]-Sn-IÄ {io. am[-h-ta-t\m³ sImSp-¯p-sIm-p-an-cp-¶p. ]s£ adp-]-Sn-I-sfm¶pw t{im²m-¡sf Xr]vXn-s¸-Sp-¯n-b-a«p In-Ã. AXn-\n-S-bn tbmKw {]£p-_v[-am-hm³ XpS-§n-bn-cp-¶p. {]£p-_v[-X-bv¡nS \ÂIp-¶-h-tcm-Smbn Rms\t´m ]dªt¸mÄ "\osb-´n\p Ch-cpsS ]m¡pw-Xq¡n \S-¡p-¶p. \n\¡p R-§-fpsSIqsS IqSp-I-bsà \ÃXv' F¶-h-cn-emtcm hnfn-¨p-]-d-ªp. At¸m-gmWv F\n¡v Imcyw a\-Ên-em-b-Xv. kXy-{K-ln-IÄ¡v {]kw-Kn-¡p-hm³ cwK-kw-hn-[m\w sNbvXp-sImv Rm³ \S-¡p-¶-Xn AhÀ¡v FXnÀ¸p-s-¶pw, Rm³ Ah-cp-sS-IqsS \nÂt¡--h-\m-sW-¶-hÀ Icp-Xp-¶-sX¶pw F\n¡p a\-Ên-em-bn. AhnsS {]kw-K-§-sfm¶pw sN¿msX bp²-hn-cp² ap{Zm-hm-Iy-§Äam{Xw hnfn-¨p-]-d-ªp-sImv {io am[-h-ta-t\m\pw, {ioaXn Ip«n-am-fp-A-½bpw Øew hnSp-I-bm-Wp-m-b-Xv. Ah-cp-sS-IqsS R§-fn Nnecpw tbmK-Øew hn«p. ]ntä-Zn-hkw ]nW-dm-bn-bn-em-bn-cp¶p kXy-{K-lw. AXpw A¶v CS-Xp-]£ kt¦-X-§-fn-sem-¶m-bn-cp-¶p.
AhnsS R§sf-¯p-t¼m-tg¡v Hcp \à P\-¡q«w k¶n-ln-X-cm-bn-cp-¶p. s]mXp-tbmKw Bcw-`n-¡p-hm³ Rm³ tÌPn-t\m-S-Sp¯p sNÃp-t¼m-tgbv¡pw {io. aqÀt¡m¯p Ipªn-cm-a³ F¶ Hcp _oUn sXmgn-emfn tÌPnÂI-bdn {]kwKw sN¿p-hm³ XpS-§n. At±-l-¯nsâ {]kwKw Ah-km-\n-¡p-¶-Xp-hsc R§Ä AhnsS AS-§n-bn-cp-¶p. Xte-Zn-hkw h-S-¡pw-]mSv h¨v kXy{K-ln-I-tfmSv tNmZy-§Ä Xs¶-bmWv {]kwK-cq-]-¯n At±lw Ah-X-cn-¸n-¨-Xv. At±lw {]kwKw aXn-bm-¡n-b-Xn-\p-tijw Rm³ tÌ-Pn Ib-dp-Ibpw hyàn-k-Xy-{K-l-¯nsâ {]m[m-\y-s¯-¡p-dn¨pw XXz-§-sf-¡p-dn¨pw {]kw-Kn-¨p-sImv kXy-{K-l-a-\p-jvTn-¡p-hm³ {io. am[-h-ta-t\m-s\-bpw, {ioaXn Ip«n-amfp A½-tbbpw £Wn-¡p-Ibpw sNbvXp. Ah-cpsS
cp-t]-cp-tSbpw {]kw-K-§Ä Ign-ª-Xn-\p-tijw {io. aqÀt¡m¯p Ipªn-cm-a³ hopw tÌPn Ib-dp-Ibpw At±-l-¯nsâ cm-as¯ {]kwKw Bcw-`n-¡p-Ibpw sNbvXp. At¸m-tg¡v R§Ä tbmK-Øew hn«pIgn-ªn-cp-¶p. At±lw F´p-]-d-ªp-sh¶v R§Ä¡v \nÝ-b-an-Ã. Cu k{¼-Zm-b-¯n-epÅ Ae-«p-IÄ tIm«bw Xmeq-¡nse ]cy-S-\-¯n-\n-S-bn ]e Øe-§-fnÂh¨v R§Ä¡-\p-`-hn-t¡--Xmbn h¶n-«p-v. an¡-hmdpw FÃm tbmK-§fnepw k¶n-ln-X-cmbn tbmK-§sf Aew-t¦m-e-s¸-Sp-¯p¶ Imcy-¯n \nÀ±njvS ]cn-]mSn A\p-k-cn¨v {]hÀ¯n-¨n-cp-¶Xv {io. aqÀt¡m-¯p- Ip-ªn-cm-a³ Xs¶-bm-bn-cp-¶p.
]ntä-Zn-h-ks¯ R§-fpsS ]cn-]mSn s]c-f-tÈ-cn-bn-em-bn--cp-¶p. {io. F.sI. tKm]m-esâ P·-Ø-e-am-W-Xv. At±-l-¯nsâ A\p-bm-bn-IÄ¡v hf-sc-tbsd kzm[o-\-apÅ Hcp {]tZ-i-hp-am-bn-cp¶p AXv. Ahn-tSbpw s]mXp-tbm-K-§Ä \S-¯p-hm³ R§-sfm-cp-§n. Xte-Zn-hkw ]nW-dm-bn-bn Dm-b-Xp-t]msebpÅ Nne kw`-h-§Ä s]c-ftÈcn-bn-ep-ap-m-bn. ]t£ tNm-Zy-§Ä tNmZn-¡p-hm\pw {]kw-K-§Ä XS-Ê-s¸-Sp-¯p-hm\pw k¶-²-\m-bXv aqÀt¡m¯p Ipªn-cm-a-\m-bn-cp--¶n-Ã. atätXm Hcp kJm-hm-bn-cp-¶p.
kXy-{K-ln-I-tfm-sSm¸w \S¶v \S¶v R§-f-§s\ a«p-¶q-cn-se-¯n. a«-¶q-cnÂ\n¶v I®q-cn-te¡pÅ tdmUnÂIqsS R§Ä \S¯w XpS-cp-I-bm-Wv. Hcp hf-hn-se-¯n-b-t¸mÄ Hcp apÉow kv{Xo R§-fpsS ASp-s¯-¯p-Ibpw Ip«n-am-fp-A-½sb t\m¡n "AÃm R½sâ Ip«n-am-fp-A½ Atà CXv.' F¶p-]-dªp Ah-tcm-S-Sp-¡p-Ibpw sNbvXp. Ahcpw Ip«n-am-fp-A-½bpw Ipd-¨p-t\cw kulr-Z-kw-`m-jWw \S-¯p-¶Xv -I--t¸mÄ a«-¶q-cn-\-Sp-¯pÅ Cu am¸n-f-kv{Xosb Ip«n-am-fp-A-½bv¡v F§s\ Adn-bm-sa¶p R§-f-Ûp-X-s¸-Sp-I-bm-bn-cp-¶p. AXn-\n-S-bn Ip«n-am-fp-A½ am[-h-ta-t\m-t\mSv Hcp cq]m hm§n AhÀ¡p sImSp-¡p-¶Xpw R§Ä Ip. AhÀ ]ncnªpt]mb-t¸mÄ Ip«n-am-fp-A½ R§-tfmSp ]dªp. "Ahcpw Rm\pw H¶n¨v shÃqÀ Pbn-en-ep-m-bn-cp-¶-h-cm-Wv. AhÀ kXy-{Kln H¶p-am-bn-cp-¶n-sÃ-¦nepw F\n¡v Ah-scmcp Iq«p-Im-cn-bm-bn-cp-¶p. Ft´m Ipäw sNbvX-Xn\v XS-hp-in£ hn[n¡-s¸«v shÃqÀ Pbn-en h¶-h-cm-bn-cp¶p AhÀ. Pbn hntam-N-\-¯n-\p-tijw Rm-\n-¶mWv Ahsc
ImWp-¶-Xv.'
A¶v IqSm-fn-bn-temfw \S¶v R§Ä IqSm-fn-Xm-g¯p ho«n Ip-ªn-¡-½m-c³ \¼ymÀ AhÀI-fpsS AXn-Yn-I-fmbn Xma-kn-¨p. ]ntä-Zn-hkw I®q-cn-se¯n kXy-{K-ln-Isf Nnd-bv¡Â Xmeq¡v tIm¬{KÊv `mc-hm-ln-I-fpsS I¿n-te¸n-¨-Xn-\p-tijw R-§Ä Xe-tÈ-cn¡p aS-§n.
hyàn kXy-{Kl ]cn-]m-Sn-I-fn Rm³ ]s¦-Sp-¯n-cp-¶p-sh-¦nepw B ]cn-]m-Sn-I-fn F\n-¡m-h-iy-am-bn-cp¶ {]tNm-Z-\tam DÕm-ltam Ip-In-«p-hm³ km[n-¡m-sX-t]m-bn. hf-sc-Imew Im¯n-cp-¶-Xn-\p-tijw KmÔnPn Bcw`n¨ Hcp ka-c-sa¶ \ne-bn-emWv F\n-¡-Xn-t\mSv BZyw B`n-apJyw Dm-bn-cp-¶-Xv. AXnsâ ^e-am-bn-«mWv aZn-cm-in-bn-ep-m-bn-cp¶ DtZymKw hen-s¨-dn-ªp-sImp Rm³ \m«n Xncn-s¨-¯n-bXv. Chn--sS-h¶v kXy-{K-ln-I-tfm-sSm¸w IqSn Ign-bp-Ibpw AhÀ¡p-th kuI-cy-§Ä sNbvXpsImSp-¡p-Ibpw sNbvX-Xp-sIm-sm¶pw F\n¡v B ka-c-]-cn-]m-Sn-bn th{X hnizmkw tXm¶n-bn-Ã.
Cu Ime-L-«-¯n-emWv {io. Fkv. sI. s]mä-¡m-Sp-ambn Rm³ ]cn-N-b-s¸-«-Xv. At±-l-¯nsâ sNdp-I-Y-IÄ amXr-`qan BgvN-¸-Xn-¸n A¡m-e¯v hcm-dp-m-bn-cp-¶-Xp-sImv At±-l-¯nsâ `mj-bnÂXs¶ ]d-bp-I-bm-sW-¦n amXr-`qan aptJ\ R§Ä ]cn-Nn-X-cm-bn-cp-¶p. ]s£, t\cn I-Xpw, ]cn-N-b-s¸-«Xpw Xe-tÈ-cn-bn {io. Fkv.-sI. _me-Ir-jvWsâ ho«n At±lw h¶-t¸m-gm-Wv. s]mä-¡m-«n\v Hcp kzoI-cWw sImSp-¡-W-sa¶v R§-fn NneÀ Btem-Nn-¡p-I-bp-m-bn. kzo-I-c-W-¯n B²y£w hln-¡p-hm³ Xe-tÈ-cn-bn A¡m-e¯p {]kn² A`n-`m-j-I-\m-bn-cp¶ sI.-Sn. N´p-\-¼ym-sc-bm-bn-cp¶p R§-fmZyw kao-]n-¨-Xv. At±lw AXn-s\m-cp-§n-bn-cp-¶n-söp am{X-aà {io. s]mä-¡m-«ns\ Hcp kmln-Xy-Im-c-\mbn At±lw IW-¡m-¡p-¶n-sÃ-¶p- Iq-Sn-bmWv A¶v R§-tfmSv ]d-ª-Xv. B kw`hw Fs¶ hfsc thZ-\-s¸-Sp-¯n. ]n¶oSv {io. Fw.-]n. Zmtam-Z-csâ A²y-£-X-bn-emWv Xe-tÈcn anjy³ sslkvIq-fnÂh¨v R§-sfmcp A`n-\-µ-\-tbmKw tNÀ¶-Xv. AXn-\p-ap¼v A¯-c-¯n-semcp tbmK-¯n {io. Fkv.-sI. s]mä-¡m-«n\v kw_-Ôn-t¡n h¶n-cp-¶n-Ã.
B tbmK-¯n Ihn-bmb hn.-]n.-sI, Sn. \mcm-b-W³ \¼ymÀ, ta¡p-¶¯p Ipªn-Ir-jvW³ \mbÀ XpS§n ]ecpw {]kw-Kn-¨p. kzmK-X-{]-kwKw \S-¯n-bXv Rm\m-bn-cp-¶p. A¶s¯ tbmK-t¯m-Sp-IqSn {io. Fkv.-sI. s]mä-¡mSpw Rm\pw hfsc ASp-¯p. GXm-smcp ktlm-Z-c-`mhw R§Ä X½n hfÀ¶p-h-¶p. At±lw Xe-tÈ-cn-bn Fsâ ho«n-epw, Rm\-t±-l-¯nsâ ho«n tImgn-t¡m«pw ]e-X-h-W-I-fn-embn Xma-kn-¡m-dp-m-bn-cp-¶p.
A§s\ Ccn-¡p-t¼m-gmWv tZio-b-hmcw kam-K-X-am-b-Xv. tIm«bw Xmeq-¡n tZio-b-hmcw BtLm-jn-¡p-hm³ s]mä-¡m-«ns\ R§Ä £Wn-¨p. Xe-tÈ-cn-bn-epw, Iq¯p-]-d-¼n-epw, a«-¶q-cn-epw, Ccn-«n-bnepw aäpw R§Ä tZio-b-hmcw BtLm-jn-¨n-«p-v. s]mä-¡m-«n\v Hcp henb kplr-XvaÞ-es¯ tIm«bw Xmeq-¡n t\Sn-s¡m-Sp-¡p-hm³ B kwcw`w klm-bn-¨n-«p-v. a«-¶q-cn tUmIvSÀ Fw.-sI. BNm-cn-bpsS AXn-Yn-I-fmbn R§Ä DuWp-I-gn-¨p-sIm-n-cn-¡p-t¼mÄ Hcp sImm«w hnf-¼n-bn-cp-¶p. AsX´p sImm-«-sa¶p HcmÄ tNmZn-¨-t¸mÄ AXmWv tZio-b-hm-c-sIm-m«w F¶mWv s]mä-¡m«v adp-]Sn ]d-ª-Xv. a«-¶q-cnÂ\n¶v R§Ä ]pc-fn-a-e-bn-tebv¡v Hcp kml-kn-I-bm-{Xbpw \S-¯n-bn-cp-¶p. ImÂ\-S-bmbn a«-¶q-cn \n¶v ]pd-s¸«v XnÃ-t¦-cn-bn-se¯n Ahn-sS-\n¶pw ]pc-fn-ae Ibdn lcn-¨-{µ³ tIm«-hsc t]mbn Xncn¨v XnÃ-t¦-cn-bn F¯n-bmWv R§Ä hn{i-an-¨-Xv. A§s\ tIm«bw Xmeq-¡nsâ ]e DÄ{]-tZ-i-§-fnepw, s]mä-¡m«pw Rm\pw A¶p k©-cn-¨n-cp-¶p. AXn-\p-tijw Hcp XhW R§Ä [À½Sw Xpcp-¯n-epw, asäm-cn-¡Â Ggp-a-e-bnepw t]mIp-Ibpw sNbvXp.
Bbn-S¡v Fsâ {i² BIÀjn¨ asämcp kw`-h-ap-m-bn. {io. kn.-hn. \mcm-b-W³\m-bÀ At±-l-¯nsâ tIc-f-I-fcn kwL-hp-ambn Hcp ]cy-S-\-¯n\v ]pd-s¸-Sp-hm-\p-t±-in-¡p-¶p-sh-¶pw, B ]cy-S-\-¯n kwL-¯nsâ sk{I-«-dn-bmbn {]hÀ¯n-¡p-hm³ km[n-¡ptam F¶pw Ft¶m-S-t\z-jn-¡p-I-bp-m-bn. \m«n-en-cp¶v apjnhp tXm¶n XpS-§nb F\n¡v B \nÀt±iw hfsc kzoIm-cy-am-bn. If-cn-¸-b-än\p {]Nmcw t\Sn-sIm-Sp-¡p-hm³ thn {io. kn.-hn. \mcm-b-W³\m-bÀ Hcp ]cy-S\w AXn-\p-ap¼p \S-¯n-bn-cp-¶p. kntem-Wn-temfw At±-l-a¶p t]mIp-Ibpw sNbvXn-cp-¶p. AXn-¶p-tijw cm-as¯ ]cy-S-\-¯n\v
At±lw Hcp-§p-I-bm-bn-cp-¶p. Xriq-cnÂ\n¶p ]cy-S\w XpS-§p-hm-\mWp R§Ä Xocp-am-\n-¨-Xv. A§ns\ Rm³ Xriq-cn-se¯n s{]m^-kÀ tPmk^v ap-tÈ-cnsb Ip. At±-l-¯nsâ klm-b-t¯m-Sp-IqSn Xriq-cnse ]uc-ap-Jy-cn ]e-cp-ambn Rm³ _Ôw ]peÀ¯n.
cma-hÀ½ Xntb-ä-dnÂh¨v tIcf If-cn-kw-L-¯nsâ Hcp {]ZÀi-\-]-cn-]mSn kmam\yw hn-P-b-{]-Z-am-bn-Xs¶ R§Ä¡p \S-¸n-em-¡p-hm³ km[n-¨p. Xriq-cnÂh¨p {]ZÀi\w I-h-cn {io. ]n.-Fw. A¸p Fs¶mcp am\y³ Dm-bn-cp-¶p. At±-l-¯n\p A¯-c-¯n-epÅ Ht¶m, ctm {]ZÀi-\-§Ä aW-¸p-d-¯p-h¨p \S-¯n-bm sImÅm-sa-s¶mcp tamlw Dm-bn. At±lw R§sf £Wn-¨p. Xfn-¡p-f¯p sImp-t]m-Ip-Ibpw R-§Ä¡p Xma-kn--¡p-hm³ kuI-cy-{]-Z-am-sbmcp sI«nSw AhnsS GÀs¸-Sp-¯n-¯-cn-Ibpw sNbvXp. tIcf Ifcnkw-L-¯nsâ hI-bmbn Xfn-¡p-f¯p \S-¡p-hm³ t]mIp¶ Ifcn A`ym-k-{]-ZÀi-\s¯¡pdn¨pw AXnsâ \Sp-\m-b-IXzw hln-¡p¶ {io \mcm-b-W³\m-b-sc-¡p-dn¨pw Kw`o-c-amb {]N-c-W-§Ä Xfn-¡p-f¯p \S-¯n-¡-gn-ªp.
{]ZÀi\ Znhkw {io\m-cm-b-W³\m-bÀ¡p Øe-s¯-¯n-t¨-cp-hm³ km[n-¡msX t]mbn. At±lw hcp-¶n-sÃ-¶-dn-ª-bp-Ss\ {]ZÀi\w ImWp-hm³ k¶n-ln-X-cm-bn-cp¶ Bfp-IÄ t£m`n-¨p-h-im-Ip-Ipbpw {]-ZÀi\w ImWp-hm³ hcp-¶-hÀ¡p Ccn¡p-hm³ X¿m-dm-¡nb Itk-c-IÄ XÃn-bp-S-¡p-Ibpw FSp-¯p-sIm-p-t]m-hp-Ibpw aäpw sNbvXp. A§ns\ A¶p {]ZÀi\w \S¶n-Ã. ]n¶o-sSmcp XhW AhnsS Hcp {]ZÀi\w \S¯n \m«p-ImÀ¡p-m-bn-cp¶ \ncmi Hcp Xc-¯n ]cn-l-cn-¡p-hm³ R§Ä¡p km[n¨p F¶p ]d-bmw. AXn-\p-tijw {io. sI.-hn. tImin (kn-\n-am-am-kn-I-bpsS ]{Xm-[n-]À) If-cn-¸-bäv tIm¬{SmIvSv FSp--¡p-Ibpw At±-l-¯nsâ klm-b-t¯m-Sp-IqSn sIm¨n-bn-epw, Xncp-hn-Xmw-Iq-dn-epw Ht«sd {]ZÀi-\-§Ä \S-¯p-Ibpw sNbvXp.
Fd-Wm-Ip-fw, ssh¡w, tIm«-bw, ]mem, sN§-¶qÀ, sImÃw, Xncp-h-\-´-]p-cw, amÀ¯mÞw F¶o Øe-§-fn-seÃmw R§Ä If-cn-b-`ym-k-{]-ZÀi-\-§Ä \S-¯n-bn-«p-v. ssh¡-¯p-h¨p \S-¯nb {]ZÀi-\-¯n\v {io. ssh¡w hmkp-tZ-h³\m-b-cpsS klmb kl-I-c-W-§-fp-m-bn-cp-¶p. sN§-¶q-cn ]¼-bm-än³I-c-bn-epÅ Hcp sI«n-S-¯nÂ
R§Ä GXm\pw \mfp-IÄ Xma-kn-¨n-cp-¶p. A¡m-e-¯mWv Fkv.F³.-Un.-]n.-bpsS hmÀjn-I-k-t½-f\w {io. kn.-hn. Ip-ªp-cm-asâ A²y-£-X-bn sN§-¶q-cnÂh¨p \S-¶-Xv. At±lw Fs¶bpw Fsâ IqsS kt½-f-\-¯n-s\-¯nb kwLmw-K-§-tfbpw kzmKXw sN¿p-Ibpw am\y-Øm-\-§-fn-en-cp-¯p-Ibpw sNbvXp. B kt½-f-\-¯nÂh-¨mWv {io. kn.-hn. Ip-ªp-cm-as\ Rm³ BZyw IXpw ]cn-N-b-s¸-«-Xpw. Ifcn-¸-b-änse GXm\pw Nne-bn-\-§Ä Fkv.-F³.-Un.-]n. kt½-f-\-¯n A¶p {]ZÀin-¸n-¡p-Ibpw Dm-bn.
Xncp-h-\-´-]p-c¯p ssX¡m-«pÅ Hcp `h-\-¯n GXm\pw Znh-k-§Ä R-§Ä Xma-kn-¡p-Ibpw A¶p Xncp-hn-Xmw-Iq-dn Znhm-\m-bn-cp¶ kÀ. kn.-]n. cma-kzman A¿-cpsS c£m-[n-Im-c-¯mepw km¶n-²y-¯nepw hnIvtSm-dnbm Pq_nen Su¬lm-fnÂh¨v hfsc hnP-b-{]-Z-amb Hcp {]ZÀi\w \S-¯p-Ibpw sNbvXn-cp-¶p. A¶p {]kwKw sNbvXXpw Hmtcm C\-§-sf-¡p-dn-¨pÅ hni-Zo-I-c-W-§Ä \ÂIn-bXpw Rm-\m-bn-cp-¶p. {]ZÀi\w kÀ. kn.-]n. cma-kzm-an-A-¿sc AXy-[nIw kt´m-jn-¸n-¨p. {]ZÀi-\m-\-´cw At±lw Fs¶ ASp-¯p-hn-fn-¡p-Ibpw A`n-\-µ\ kqN-I-ambn \qdp-cq]m tIcf If-cn-kw-L-¯n\v kw`m-h\ sN¿p-Ibpw sNbvXp. XpSÀ¶v At±lw sNbvX {]kw-K-¯n If-cn-¸-bäp {]ZÀi\w Xs¶ Ht«sd kt´m-jn-¸n-¡p-Ibpw AÛp-X-s¸-Sp-¯p-Ibpw sNbvXn-cn-¡p-¶p-sh¶pw Xncp-hn-Xmw-IqÀ kÀÆ-I-em-im-e-bn If-cn-¸-bäv Bcw-`n-¡p-hm³ ]äptam F¶p Xm³ Btem-Nn-¡p-¶-Xm-sW¶pw AXn-\p-thn hnfn-¨m ae-_m-dnÂ\n¶pw hopw Cu kplr¯p-¡Ä Xncp-h-\-´-]p-c-¯n\v htcn hcp-sa¶pw ]d-ªn-cp-¶p.
R§Ä Xncp-h-\-´-]p-c-¯p-m-bn-cp-¶-t¸m-gmWv {io. aqÀt¡m¯p Ipam-c³ \ncym-X-\m-b-Xv. At±-l-¯nsâ ac-W-hmÀ¯ Fs¶ H«-[nIw thZ-\n-¸n-¨p. kmln-Xy-¯n-en-W-§n-bpw, cmjv{So-b-¯n ]nW-§nbpw R-§Ä Ign-¨n-cp¶ \mfp-I-sf-¡p-dn¨p Rmt\mÀ¯p. kmln-Xy-tem-I-¯n Fs¶ ssI]n-Sn¨p Ib-än-bXv At±-l-am-Wv. cmjv{Sob cwK¯p At±-l-¯nsâ FXnÀ tI¼n-em-bn-cp¶p Rm³ \ne-bp-d-¸n-¨n-cp-¶-Xv. tcmKn-bmbn NnIn-ÕmÀ°w At±lw aZn-cm-in-bn-se-¯n-b-t¸mÄ Rm\-t±-ls¯ sN¶p In-cp-¶p. AÂ]w ]cn-`-h-t¯m-Sp-Iq-Sn-bmWv At±lw A¶p Ft¶mSp kwkm-cn-¨-Xv. AXn-s\-¡p-dn¨p
Rm\-t¸m-fmÀ¯p-t]m-bn. At±-l-amWv Ct¸mÄ \ncym-X-\m-bn-cn-¡p-¶-Xv. {io \mcm-b-W-Kp-cp-tZ-h-cpsS D¯-a-\mb Hcp injy³, alm-Ihn Ipam-c-\m-imsâ kl-{]-hÀ¯-I-\pw, AXyp-¯a kplr-¯p-am-bn-cp¶ am\y³, Fkv.F³.Un.-]n.-bp-sS-bpw, kmln-Xy-]-cn-j-¯n-tâbpw H¶n-e-[nIw Xh-Ws¯ A²y-£³, {io\m-cm-b-W-Kp-cp-tZ-h-cpsS Pohn-X-Im-e-¯p-Xs¶ At±-l-¯nsâ Hcp ]©-tem-l-{]-Xna Xe-tÈcn PK-¶m-Y-t£-{X-¯n Øm]n-¡p-hm³ thn ap³I-s¿-Sp¯p {]hÀ¯n-¨n-cp¶ BÄ F¶n-§s\ ]e \ne-I-fnepw {]i-kvX-\mb {io. aqÀ-t¡m-¯nsâ tZl-hn-tbmKw tIc-f-¯n-s\m-«msI kw`hn¨ Hcp alm-\-jvS-am-bn-cp-¶p.
Xncp-h-\-´-]p-c¯p Hc-\p-tim-N-\-tbmKw hnfn-¨p-Iq-t«-Xp At±-l-¯nsâ Hcp Ffnb injy-\mb Fsâ Npa-X-e-bm-sW¶p Rm³ Icp-Xn. ]{X--{]-hÀ¯-I-\mb {io. tUhnUpw Rm\pw IqSn alm-Ihn DÅqÀ Fkv. ]c-ta-iz-c-A-¿sc Ip. At±-l-a-ÃmsX B tbmK-¯n A²y£w hln-¡p-hm³ aäm-cmWp IqSp-X AÀl³? Xncp-h-\-´-]p-cs¯ ssh.-Fw.-kn.-F.-bnÂh¨v {io. aqÀ-t¡m-¯p-Ip-am-csâ \ncym-W-¯n A\ptim-Nn-¡p-hm³ Hcp tbmKw tNÀ¶p. alm-Ihn DÅqÀ Fkv. ]c-ta-iz-¿ÀXs¶ tbmK-¯n B²y£w hln-¨p. ]tc-X-s\-¡p-dn¨p kpZoÀL-ambn {]kw-Kn-¡p-hm³ B kµÀ`w Rm³ hn\n-tbm-Kn-¨p. {io. N§-¼pg IrjvW-]n-Åbpw {io. Pn. cma-N-{µ\pw aäpw A¶p B kZ-Ên k¶n-ln-X-cm-bn-cp-¶p. lmfn Bfp-IÄ \nd-ªp-I-hnª Hcp kZ-Êm-bn-cp¶p B A\p-tim-N-\-tbm-K-¯n Xncp-h-\-´-]p-c-¯p-m-bn-cp-¶-Xv.
Xncp-h-\-´-]p-c-¯p-\n¶p R§Ä t]mbXp amÀ¯m-Þ-t¯-¡m-bn-cp-¶p. amÀ¯m-Þ-¯n Hcp If-cn-¸-bäp {]-ZÀi\w \S-¯n-b-tijw \mKÀtIm-hn-en asäm¶p \S-¯p-hm³ kuI-cy-ap-tm-sb¶p t\m¡p-hm³ Rm\-t§m«pt]mbn. tIc-f-¯n A¶p \mKÀtIm-hn-temfw F¯nb F\n¡p Ahn-sS-\n¶p ]Xn-aq¶p ssaÂam{Xw AI-e-¯pÅ I\ym-Ip-amcn ImWp-hm³ km[n-¨n-Ã. ]{´p sImÃ-§Ä¡p-tijw am{Xta I\ym-Ip-amcn ImWp-hm³ ]n¶o-sS-\n¡p kµÀ`w e`n-¨p-Åq. \mKÀtIm-hn-en {]ZÀi\w \S-¯p-hm³ kuI-cy-s¸-SmsX Rm³ Xncp-h-\-´-]p-c-¯n¶p Xncn-¡p-Ibpw Ahn-sS-\n¶p \m«n-te¡p t]mhp-I-bpw sNbvXp.
A§ns\ tIcf If-cn-kw-L-hp-ambn F\n-¡p-m-bn-cp¶ _Ôw XmÂIm-en-I-am-sb-¦nepw Ah-km-\n-¨p. \m«nÂ\n¶p GXm\pw amk-§Ä Ignªp lnµp-Øm³ If-cn-kwLw F¶ t]cn Hcp kwLw cq]o-I-cn-¨p-sImv Rm³ tImb-¼-¯q-cn-te¡p t]mbn. tImb-¼-¯q-cnÂ\n¶pw Ip¶q-cn-te¡pw Ahn-sS-\n¶v Du«n-bn-te¡pw B kwLs¯ Rm³ \bn-¡p-I-bp-m-bn. Du«n-bn If-cn-¸-bäp {]ZÀi-\-§Ä \S-¯p-hm-\pÅ {]hÀ¯-\-§-fn-teÀs¸-«p-sIm-n-cp-¶-t¸m -gmWv BKÌv hn¹hw Bcw-`n-¨-Xv.
Bbn-c¯n sXmÅm-bn-c-¯n- \mÂ]-¯n-cv BK-Ìp-amkw F«mw-Xo-bXn t_mws_-bn tKmhm-en-bm-Sm¦v ssaXm-\¯p tNÀ¶ AJn-te´ym tIm¬{KÊv kt½-f-\-¯nÂh-¨mWv "Iznäv C´ym' {]tabw alm-ß-Pn-bpsS t\Xr-Xz-¯n ]mÊm-¡-s¸-«-Xv. AXn-s\-Xp-SÀ¶v AhnsS k¶n-ln-X-cm-bn-cp¶ tIm¬{KÊv t\Xm-¡-·m-cn {][m-\n-I-fm-bn-cp-¶-h-sc-sbÃmw AdÌp sNbvXp Pbn-ep-I-fn-te¡p sImp-t]m-bn. alm-ß-Pn-tb-bpw, IkvXqÀ_m-Km-Ôn-tbbpw alm-tZh tZim-bn-tbbpw ]q\-bn-epÅ BKm-Jm³ sIm«m-c-¯n-te¡pw auem-\u-þ-A-_vZpÄ-þ-I-emw-þ-B-km-Zv, ]Þnäv Ph-lÀemÂs\lvdp, kÀZmÀ hÃ-`mbv ]t«Â, ktcm-Pn-\n-\n-bn-Up, cmtP-{µ-{]-kmZv XpS-§nb aäpÅ t\Xm-¡-·msc ]q\-bnse bd-hmUm Pbn-en-te¡p-amWv ]ntä-Zn-hkw {_n«ojv Kh¬saâv sImp-t]m-b-Xv. A´y-k-a-c-sa¶v alm-ßPn hnti-jn-¸n¨ kzmX-{´y-k-acw A§ns\ Bcw`n-¨p-I-gn-ªn-cn-¡p-I-bmWv.
"_lp-P-\-k-acw DSs\ thWw' F¶v CS-Xp-]-£-¡mÀ t\cs¯ apd-hn-fn-Iq-«n-bn-cp¶ _lp-P-\-k-a-c-amWv Ct¸mÄ Bcw-`n-¨n-«p-Å-Xv. F¶m AXp Bcw-`n¨p Ign-bp-t¼m-tg¡p CS-Xp-]-£-¡mÀ F¶p Adn-b-s¸-«n-cp¶ I½yq-Wn-Ìp-Im-cmcpw B ka-c-¯n Dm-bn-cp-¶n-Ã. cmw-temI alm-bp-²-¯n djybpw {_n«\pw Hcp `mK-s¯-¯n-tNÀ¶-tXm-Sp-IqSn I½yq-Wn-Ìp-Imsc kw_-Ôn¨v km{am-Py-Xz-bp²w P\-Iob bp²-ambn (People's war) Ign-ªn-cp-¶p. AXp-sImv Iznäv C´ym-k-a-c-¯n ]s¦-Sp-¡p-hm³ Ah-cmcpw Dm-bn-cp-¶n-Ã.
AXn-\n-S-bn In\m¯n \mcm-b-Wsâ Hcp I¼n-bmWv F\n¡v Du«n-bn In«n-b-Xv. At¸mÄ Fsâ Øm\w \oe-Kn-cn-bn-e-söpw Ah-cp-sS-IqsS Xe-tÈ-cn-bn-em-sW-¶p-am-bn-cp¶p I¼n-bpsS kmcw. Bhp-¶{X thK-¯n Du«n-bn-ep-m-bn-cp¶ Fsâ ]cn-]m-Sn-I-f-h-km-\n-¸n¨p Xe-tÈ-cn¡p t]mIp-hm³ Rm³ Xocp-am-\n-¨p. AXn-\n-S-bn \ne-Kn-cn-bn-se-\n-¡p-mb cp-aq¶p kw`-h-§Ä hnh-cn-¡p-¶Xp ck-I-c-am-Ip-sa¶p Icp-Xp-¶p. Hcp-Zn-hkw cm{Xn H³]-Xp-a-Wn¡v \oe-Kn-cn-bnse Ip¶qÀ ]«-W-¯nÂ\n¶v aq¶p-\m-gnI AI-se-bpÅ "s¥â-bnÂ' Nmb-t¯m-«-¯nÂ\n¶v Ip¶q-cn-te¡v aS§n hcpw-hgn Du«n-þ-ta-«p-]m-fbw sabn³tdm-UnÂIqSn Rm³ Häbv¡p \S-¶p-h-cn-I-bm-bn-
cp-¶p. ImgvN-bn Hcp tIm¬{K-Êp-Im-c-\m-sW¶v {]Y-a-Zr-jvSn-bn Xs¶ BÀ¡pw tXm¶m-hp¶ coXn-bn-em-bn-cp¶p Fsâ hkv{X-[m-c-Ww. \oe-Kn-cn-bn A¡m-e¯pw AXn-\p-ap¼pw A¯-c-am-fp-Isf A]qÀÆ-amtb In-cp-¶p-Åq.
C´y-bnse shÅ-¡m-cpsS Cw¥-mb B PnÃ-bn A¯cw thj-¡msc Akm-[m-c-W-·m-sc-t¸mse km[m-cW Ime-¯p-t]mepw Bfp-IÄ Däp-t\m-¡p-¶-Xv F\n-¡p-Xs¶ A\p-`-h-s¸-«n-«p-v. I¼n-ap-dn-bpw, sdbn-ep-h-en-bpw, Xosh-bv]pw, shSn-shbv]pw \mSmsI \S-am-Sp¶ Akm-[m-c-W-Im-es¯ IY ]ns¶ ]d-tb--Xp-tm. Rm³ \S-¶p-sIm-n-cp¶ tdmUnsâ CS-Xp-hiw Db-c-ta-dnb ae-\n-c-Ifpw he-Xp-hiw tdmUnÂ\n¶v Dt±iw ]¯pap¸-XSn Xmsg-bmbn \oe-Kncn sdbnÂsh ]mXbpw AXn-\-¸pdw Bg-ta-dnb "sIm¡-Ifpw' (Ip-gn-IÄ) CS-Xn-§nb ImSp-I-fp-am-Wv. \oe-Kn-cn-bnse XWp-¸n-t\bpw H³]-Xp-a-Wn-bpsS Ccp«nt\bpw A[n-I-sam¶pw hne-h-bv¡msX ]«-W-¯nse sshZyp-X-sh-fn¨w Zqc-¯p-\n¶p ImWm-hp¶ B hf-hn F¯n-t¨-cp-hm-\pÅ [rXn-tbm-Sp- Iq-Sn-bm-bn-cp¶p Rm³ \S-¶n-cp-¶-Xv.
s]s«¶v h{I-K-Xn-bmbn t]mIp¶ B "LmÀ«v' tdmUnse hf-hp-Xn-cnªv FXn-cn Fsâ t\À¡p-h-cp¶ Hcp tamt«mÀ hml-\-¯nsâ shfn¨w Rm³ Ip. AXn-\p-ap¼v Hcp temdn Xmtgm«pw cp Imdp-IÄ tatem«pw t]mbn-cp-¶p. tamt«mÀ KXm-KXw B tdmUn hfsc km[m-c-W-amb-XpsImv Rm³ A-hsb A{X {i²n-¨n-cp-¶n-Ã. Ah Ft¶-bpw, Cu hml\w Fsâ GXm--Sp-s¯-¯n-b-t¸mÄ AXn-sâ- th-KX H¶p Ipd-bp-¶p-s-¶p-tXm-¶n. AsXmcp _Êm-bn-cp-¶p. s]s«¶v AXv Fsâ ap¼n \n¡p-I-bpw, cp-aq-¶p-t]À AXnÂ\n¶v NmSn Cd-§p-Ibpw sNbvXp. Cd-§n-b-hcpw _Ên-ep-Å-hcpw t]meo-kp-Im-cm-sW¶v F\n¡v F§-s\tbm a\-Ên-em-bn. _Êv \ndsb Bfp-I-fp-m-bn-cp-¶p. th{X shfn-¨-an-Ãm-Xn-cp-¶-Xp-sImv FÃm-h-tcbpw ImWp-hm\pw km[n-¨n-Ã.
NmSn Xmsg Cd-§n-b-h-cn-sem-cp-h³ X§Ä At\z-jn-¨p-\-S¶ Hcp ]pÅnsb ]nSn-In-«n-bm-ep-m-Im-hp¶ `mh-¯nepw kzc-¯nepw "Fhn-sS-\n¶p hcp¶q' F¶v Fs¶ t\m¡n Xan-gn Ae-dn. Ime-hpw, Øe-hpw, ka-b-hpw, F\n¡v FXn-tc-\n¡p¶ Bfp-Ifpw ]´n Asöp tXm¶n-b-Xp-sImv Ft¶mSp tNmZn-¡p¶ FÃm tNmZy-
§Ä¡pw icn-bmb adp-]Sn ]d-bp-hm³ Xs¶ Rm³ XoÀ¨-bm-¡n. "s¥âvbn-enÂ\n-¶v', "Ahn-sS-sb-´n-\p-t]m-bn'. "Fsâ kvt\ln-Xs\ ImWp-hm³' Rm³ Xan-gn Xs¶ adp-]Sn ]d-ªp. "Ct§m«v FhnsS t]mIp-¶p.' asäm-cp-¯³ tNmZn¨p. "Ip¶q-cn-te¡p' cm-a-¯-h\p Xangv \à \nÝ-b-an-söpw Ah³ Xan-g-\-söpw F\n¡v a\-Ên-em-bn."-s¥âvbnen BcmWp \nsâ kvt\ln-X³'? BZy--¯-h³ hopw tNmZn-¨p. Ah\v Xangv Adn-bm-sa-¦nepw Ah\pw Xan-g-\-sÃ-¶v F\n¡v a\-Ên-em-bn. ae-bm-fn-bm-bn-cn-¡p-sa¶v Rm³ Duln-¨p. B tXm«-¯nse kq{-]v an. tKmhn-µ³Ip-«n-ta-t\m-\mWv Fsâ kvt\ln-X³. kÀ. a¶-¯p-Ir-jvW³\m-b-cpsS aI³.' Rm³ henb t]cp-IÄ D]-tbm-Kn-¡p-hm³ Xocp-am-\n-¨p. ]s£ ]d-ª-sXÃmw kXy-am-bn-cp-¶p. "Ip¶q-cn Fhn-tS¡p t]mIp¶p' "A¸À Ip¶q-cn-te¡v, "A¸À Ip¶q-cn--se-hnsS?' Rm³ Fsâ Xma-k-Øew Fhn-sS-bm-sW¶v GXmv ]d-ªp-sIm-Sp-¯p. "Ducv GXm?' "ae-_mÀ', ae-_mÀ! \me-©m-fp-IÄ H¶mbn BÝ-cy-t¯m-Sp-IqSn tNmZn-¨p. B tNmZyw tI«m ae-_m-dp-Im-c-\m-hpI F¶p-ÅXp \oe-Kn-cn-bn Ipä-I-c-am-sW¶p tXm¶pw. "-AtX ae-_mÀ' Rm³ D¯cw ]d-ªp. "\n§Ä ChnsS F´n\p h¶p?' "ae-bm-f-¯n H-cp-h³ tNmZn¨p.' Ip¶qÀKtWjv Sm¡o-knÂh¨p \S-¯nb If-cn-¸-bäv {]ZÀi\w kw_-Ôn¨p h¶-Xm-Wv. Rm³ adp-]Sn ]d-ªp. "Hmtlm! \n§Ä If-cn-kwLw amt\-P-cm-WtÃ? "icn. cm{Xn Cu hgn-bn IqSn \S-¡-cp-Xv.' \n§sf I-t¸mÄ sdbn-ep-h-en-¡p-hm³ h¶-Xm-bn-cn-¡p-sa-¶mWv R§Ä hnNm-cn-¨-Xv. JZÀ DSp-¡p¶ A\y-\m-«p-Imsc {]tXy-In¨pw kwi-bn-¡pw. "icn t]mhn³' "ssdbnäv' Xmsg Cd-§n-b-hÀ _Ên Ib-dn. _Êv Xmtgm-t«¡v Dcp-fp-hm³ XpS-§n. B _Ên Fw.-F-kv.-]n. Bbn-cp-¶p. (a-e-_mÀ kvs]jy t]meo-kv) XÃpsImÅmsX c£-s¸-«-Xn kt´mjn-¨p-sImp Rm³ ]«Wwt\m¡n thKw \S-¶p.
asämcpZnhkw Ip¶qÀ _ÊvÌmân Ip¶q-cn \n¶v "sImf-sIms_' F¶p ]d-bp¶ Øe-t¯¡v t]mIp¶ Hcp _Ên Rm³ Ibdn Ccn-¡p-I-bm-bn-cp-¶p. \oe-Kncn t]meo-knsâ \oe bqWnt^mw [cn¨ Hcp t]meokpImc³ _Ên Ibdn Fsâ ASp-¯n-cp-¶p. H¶p cp \nan-j-§Ä¡p-Ån Ah³ Ft¶mSp Nne tNmZy-§Ä tNmZn-¡p-hm³ XpS-§n. A{i-²bpw, Ah-Úbpw kv^pcn-¡p¶ kzc-¯nepw a«nepw Rm³ Nne kam-[m-\-§Ä Hscmä hm¡p-I-fn adp-]Sn ]d-
ªp-sIm-n-cp-¶p.
Ip¶q-cnse aPn-kvt{S«v At¸mÄ AXnte IS-¶p-t]m-Ip-I-bm-bn-cp-¶p. F\n¡p ]cn-N-b-apÅ Hcp ae-bmfn DtZym-K-Ø-\m-bn-cp¶p At±-lw. Rm³ At±-l-¯n\v Hcp kemw-sIm-Sp-¯p. At±lw {]Xn-h-µ\w sN¿p-Ibpw sNbvXp. t]meo-kp-Im-c³ AXp-I-p. "aPn-kvt{S-«ns\ \n§Ä¡-dn-bm-tam?' Ah³ tNmZn-¨p. Dw. "FÊv.sF. `mkvI-c³ SuWn Dtm?' F¶p Rm³ Kuch-¯n t]meo-kp-Im-c-t\mSp tNmZn-¨p. H.-Sn. `mkvI-c³ Fsâ kl-]m-Tnbpw Ip¶q-cnse At¸m-gs¯ t]meokv k_v- C³-kvs]-IvS-dp-am-bn-cp-¶p. "Dp kmÀ' Ah³ adp-]Sn ]d-ªp. "\n§Ä R§-fpsS Un¸mÀ«p-saân-emtWm kÀ' Ah³ tNmZn-¨p. AsX F¶p thW-sa-¦n hymJym-\n-¡m-hp¶ Hcp kwÚ Rm³ Im«n. t]meo-kp-Im-c³ _ÊnÂ\n¶v Cd-§n-t¸m-bn. Rm³ Hcp kn.-sF.-Un. DtZym-K-Ø-\m-sW-¶pÅ hnizm-k-t¯m-Sp-Iq-Sn-bm-bn-cn-¡Ww Ah³ Cd-§n-t¸m-bn-«p-m-hp-I. A©p \nan-j-§Ä¡p-Ån Hcp I¸v Nmbbpw Hcp kn-Kc-äp-ambn Ah³ Fsâ ap¼n hopw {]Xy-£-\m-bn. Nmb ths¶p ]d-ªp-sh-¦nepw Fs´-¦nepw kzoI-cn-¡m-Xn-cn-¡p-¶Xp Ah\p hfsc \ncm-im-P-\-I-am-Ip-sa-¶p-Å-Xp-sImv knK-cäp Rm³ kzoI-cn-¨p. AtXm-sSm¸w _Êp \o§p-Ibpw sNbvXp.
cp aq¶p Znh-k-§Ä¡p-tijw Rm³ Du«n-bn-se-¯n. Fsâ-IqsS kn.-F-¨v.-sI. \¼ymcpw Dm-bn-cp-¶p. R§-fpsS JZÀh-kv{X-§Ä I®nÂs¸« DSs\ Hcp Idp¯ a\p-jy³ R§-fpsS ]n¶mse IqSn. t]mIp-¶n-S-s¯Ãmw Hcp \ng-se-¶-t]mse Ah-\p-ap-m-bn-cp-¶p. Ah³ Hcp kvs]jy {_m©p t]meo-kp-Im-c-\m-sW¶v a\-Ên-em-¡p-hm³ R§Ä¡v henb {]bm-k-sam-¶p-ap-m-bn-cp-¶n-Ã. R§-fpsS Hcp kvt\ln-X-\nÂ\n¶v R§sf kw_-Ôn¨v Nne-sXÃmw Adn-ª-Xn-\p-tijw Xsâ {i²bv¡p hnj-bo-`-hn-t¡ A]-I-S-¡m-cà R§-sf¶p kzbw kwXr-]vX-\m-bn-s«-¶-t]mse B ae-bmfo slUvtIm¬Ì-_nÄ R§sf hn«p-t]m-bn.
Du«n-bn \n¶v _Êp-amÀ¤w Rm³ tImgn-t¡m-t«¡p t]mbn. ]nsä-Zn-hkw _Êp-h-gn-Xs¶ Xe-tÈ-cn¡p bm{X-Xn-cn-¡p-Ibpw sNbvXp. Xe-tÈ-cn¡p t]mIp¶ _Ênsâ ap³ko-än-em-bn-cp¶p Rm³ Ccp-¶n-cp-¶-Xv. Fsâ-IqsS B koän ss{Uh-sdm-gn¨v thsdmcp Bfpw-IqsS
Dm-bn-cp-¶p. thjw-sImv ImgvN-bn Hcp t]meo-kp-Im-c-\m-sW¶v tXm¶n-¡p¶ Hcp Fw.-F-kv.-]n. DZym-K-Ø-\m-bn-cp¶p AXv. tImgn-t¡m-«p-\n¶v _Êv hnSp-¶-Xn\p ap¼p-Xs¶ C³kvs]-IvSÀ thj-[m-cn-bp-sSbpw Fsâbpw t\sc Bfp-I-fpsS {i² Xncn-bp-¶p-s¶v F\n¡p a\-Ên-em-bn.
tIm¬{K-Êp-Imsc "hI-¸Sn'bmbn Ad-Ìp-sN-¿p¶ Ime-am-bn-cp-¶-Xp-sIm-v, Fs¶ Ad-Ìp-sNbvXv Fhn-tSbvt¡m sImp-t]m-Ip-I-bmsW¶pÅ kwi-bw-sIm-m-bn-cp¶p Bfp-I-fpsS {i² R§-fp-sS-ta ]Xn-ª-Xv. Xe-tÈ-cn-bn F¯p-¶-Xp-hsc k¦Â]-¯n-semcp "AdÌv' kpJw A\p-`-hn-¡m-\pw, _Ô-\-Ø-\m-¡-s¸« Hcp tIm¬{K-Êp-Im-csâ `mKw A`n-\-bn-¡p-hm\pw Rm³ Xp\n-ªp.
Fsâ ]n¶nse koän JZÀ hkv{X-[m-cn-bmb Fsâ Hcp kvt\ln-X³ Ccn-¡p-¶p-m-bn-cp-¶p. sImbn-em--n-bn-epw, ]t¿m-fn-bn-epw, hS-I-c-bnepw _Êp \n¶-t¸mÄ NneÀ B kvt\ln-Xs\ kao-]n¨p kzIm-cy-ambn Ft´m At\z-jn-¡p-¶Xp Rm³ Ip. Fs¶ Ad-Ìp-sN-bvXp-sIm-p-t]m-Ip-I-bmtWm F¶mWv At\z-jn-¨n-cp-¶Xv F¶v kvt\ln-X-\nÂ\n¶v F\n¡p a\-Ên-em-bn. A¶s¯ B km¦Â]n-I-_-Ô\w Hcp bmYmÀ°y-am-b-\p-`-h-s¸-Sp-hm³ F\n¡v Hcp amkw am{Xta Im¯n-cn-t¡--Xmbn h¶p-Åq. Xe-tÈ-cn-bn-se-¯n-b-Xn-\p-tijw Iznäv C´ym {]Øm-\-¯n-te¡v Rm³ FSp¯p NmSp-I-bm-Wp-m-b-Xv.
AdÌv
Iznäv C´ym-k-a-c-¯n R§-fpsS t\Xmhv In\m¯n \mcm-b-W-\m-bn-cp-¶p. In\m-¯nsb Xe-tÈ-cn-bn-se-¯nb DSs\ Rm³ sN¶p Ip. BKÌp hn¹-h-¯nsâ ISpw-Nq-Sn At±-lhpw Iq«p-Imcpw {]hÀ¯n-¨p-sIm-n-cn-¡p-I-bm-Wv. t_mws_-bnÂ\n¶v Xe-tÈ-cn-bn-se-¯nb tUmIvSÀ sI.-_n. tat\m³, hn.-F. tIi-h³\m-bÀ, kn.-]n. i¦-c³\m-bÀ F¶n-h-cpsS {]hÀ¯-\-cwKw A¶v Xe-tÈ-cn-bn-em-bn-cp-¶p. kzX-{´-`m-cXw F¶ ]{X-¯nsâ {]kn²oIcWw A¶v In\m-¯n-bpsS t\Xr-Xz-¯n-em-bn-cp¶p \S-¶n-cp-¶-Xv. "kzX-{´-`m-cXw' A¨-Sn-¡p-hm-\pw, hnX-cWw sN¿m\pw s]tS-n-h¶ ]mSp-IÄ NnÃ-d-sbm-¶p-a-Ã. tIi-h³\m-b-cpw, i¦-c³\mbcpw In\m-¯n-bpsS B`n-ap-Jy-¯n Hcp
hosS-Sp¯p Xe-tÈ-cn-bn Xma-kn-¡p-I-bm-bn-cp-¶p. In\m-¯n-bpsS \nÀt±-i-{]-Imcw kzX-{´-`m-c-X-¯nsâ {]kn-²o-I-c-WmÀ°w {io. Fw.BÀ. \mbsc (k-RvP-b³) Rm\pw Hcp XhW sN¶p In-«p-v.
kRvPbs\ A¶p Rm³ ImWp-¶Xv cm-as¯ Xh-W-bm-bn-cp-¶p. AXn-\p-ap¼p In-cp-¶Xv At±-l-¯nsâ tImgn-t¡m-«pÅ ho«nÂsh-¨m-bn-cp-¶p. A¶v ka-c-sam-¶p-ap-m-bn-cp-¶n-Ã. C¶m-sW-¦n AXyp{K-amb "Iznäv C´ym' ka-cm¦-W-¯n h¨mWv Rm³ kRvP-bs\ ImWp-¶-Xv. I¼n-IÄ apdn-¡p-hm\pw sdbn-ep-IÄ \o¡w sN¿p-hm\pw, ]me-§Ä¡p Ubn-\m-saäp shbv¡p-hm\pw aäpw NneÀ Nne {]hÀ¯-\-§Ä \S-¯p-¶p-m-bn-cp-¶p.
'Do or Die' "{]hÀ¯n-¡pI AsÃ-¦n acn-¡pI' F¶pÅ KmÔn-Pn-bpsS A´y-im-k\w Hmtcm-cp-¯cpw Ah-c-h-cpsS bpàm-\p-k-cWw hymJym-\n-¡p-I-bm-Wv. {]tXyIw, {]tXyIw hn`m-K-§-fm-bn-«mWv R§Ä A¶v tPmen sNbvXn-cp-¶-Xv. HcmÄ sN¿p¶ {]hr¯n Fs´¶v asäm-cm-f-dn-sª-¶p-h-cn-I-bn-Ã. t\Xr-Xzhpw \nÀt±-ihpw Bh-iy-ambn hcp-t¼mÄ R§-fn-tem-tcm-cp-¯cpw In\m-¯nsb kao-]n¨v AXp t\Sp-Ibpw {]hÀ-¯-\-cw-K-§-fn-te¡v aS§n t]mhp-I-bp-amWv sNbvXn-cp-¶-Xv.
"Iznäv' C´ym kacw Bcw-`n-¨-tXm-Sp-IqSn Xe-tÈ-cn-bn \n¶v Fw.-]n. Zmtam-Z-c³, ]n. Ipªn-cm-a³, sI.]n. cmL-h³\m-bÀ F¶o t\Xm-¡-·msc Ad-Ìp-sNbvXv XS§-en shbv¡p-hm³thn Aa-cm-h-Xn-¡pw, shÃq-cn-te¡pw sImp-t]m-bn-cp-¶p. AXp-sImv ]n¶oSv \S¶ {]hÀ¯-\-§-fn-sem¶pw ]s¦-Sp-¡p-hm³ AhÀ¡p km[n-¨n-cp-¶n-Ã.
kn.-F-¨v.-sI. \¼ymcpw Rm\p-amWv Xmeq-¡nsâ an¡-`m-K§-fnepw kwL-S-\m-{]-hÀ¯-\-§Ä \S-¯p-hm³thn DuWpw, Dd-¡-hp-ap-t]-£n-¨p-sIm--e-ªp-Xn-cnªp \S-¶n-cp-¶-Xv. Iq«p-Im-c-\mbn Nne-t¸mÄ hn.-]n. Ipªn-cm-a-¡p-dp¸pw -R-§-fp-sS-IqsS Dm-Im-dp-m-bn-cp-¶p. ]n¶oSp tkmjy-en-Ìp-Im-cmbn cq]m-´-c-s¸« ]e kp-lr-¯p-¡fpw A¶p R-§-fp-sS-IqsS ka-c-¯n-\n-d-§p-hm³ X¿m-dn-Ãm-¯-h-cm-bn-cp-¶p. Hcp-Zn-hkw ]nW-dm-bn-bnse Hcp {]hÀ¯-I-tbm-K-¯n ]s¦-Sp¯p Xncn-¨p-h-cp-t¼mÄ hn.-]n. Ip-ªn-cm-a-¡p-dp-¸ns\
Hcp ]m¼p ISn-¨p. Hcp-hn-[-¯n R§Ä At±-l-t¯--bpw-sImv Fsâ ho«n-se-¯p-Ibpw Ahn-sS-h¨v hnj-_m[ amäp-Ibpw sNbvXp. Hcp-Ipdn XnÃ-t¦cn Awi-¯n {]hÀ¯-\-¯n-\p-t]mb R-§Ä¡v X§p-hm³ Øe-sam¶pw In«n-bn-Ã. Hgn-ªp-In-S¶ Hcp ]oSn-I-bpsS X«n³]p-d-¯p-I-bdn kn.-F-¨v.-sI. \¼ym-cpw, Rm\pw A¶s¯ cm{Xn Ign-¨p-Iq-«n.
kacw DuÀÖn-X-ambn \S-¶p-sIm-n-cn-¡p-¶-Xn-\n-S-bn ]pt¶m-ense s]«n-]m-e-¯n-\-Sn-bn Hcp t_mw_p s]m«p-Ibpw ]me-¯n\v Imcy-amb tISp kw`-hn-¡p-Ibpw sNbvXp. AXn-\n-S-bn Xe-tÈcn Xoh-n-bm-^o-knsâ Hcp `mK-¯n\v Xo ]nSn¨pw k_vtIm-S-Xn-bpsS aXn-en-Sn-¨p--sImv Hcp \mS³ t_mw_v s]m«n-s¯-dn-¨p. I¼n-k-tµ-i-§Ä HmSn-s¡m-n-cp-¶p. I¼n-IÄ Znh-kw-tXmdpw \jvS-s¸«p XpS-§n. C{X-sb-Ãm-am-b-t¸mÄ C\n thKw Pbn-en-te¡p t]mIp-¶-XmWv \ÃsX¶v R§Ä¡p tXm¶n. Pbn-en t]mIp-hm³ A½ Hcn-¡epw A\p-h-Zn-¡p-I-bn-Ã. AXn\p Rms\mcp hnZy Ip-]n-Sn-¨p.
"Ct¸mÄ Pbn-en t]mIp-I-bm-sW-¦n ctm, aqt¶m amk-§Ä¡p-Ån Xncn-¨p-h-cm-hp-¶-tX-bp-Åq. F¶m Ct¸mÄ t]mIm-¯-]£w henb tIÊp-I-fn Fs¶-s¸-Sp¯n Hcp-]s£ Xq¡n-sIm-s¶¶v hcm-hp-¶-Xp-am-Wv. AXp-sImv Fs¶ A\p-{K-ln¨v Pbn-en t]mIp-hm³ A\p-h-Zn-¡p-I-bmWv A½bv¡p \Ã-Xv.'
A§s\ Hcp-X-c-¯n A½-bpsS A\p-hm-Zhpw hm§n Rm³ {]kw-K-§Ä Bcw-`n-¨p. Icn-bm-«pÅ Hcp Ip¶n-t·Â Hcp tbmKw hnfn-¨p-Iq«n B tbmK-¯n Bth-i-]qÀÆw Rm³ {]kw-Kn-¨p. ]ntä-Zn-hkw Xpem-am-k-¯nse kw{I-a-am-bn-cp-¶p. B Znhkw sNm¢n-¡-Sp¯ I\-I-a-e-bn XoÀ°m-S-\-¯n-\mbn [mcm-f-am-fp-IÄ t]mIp¶ ]Xn-hp-v. Ahn-sS-bm-bn-cp¶p R§-fpsS A-¶s¯ {]kw-K-b-Úw. XoÀ°m-S-\-¯n\ph¶ Bfp-I-tfmSv "Iznäv' C´ym-k-a-c-s¯-¡p-dn¨v Rm³ D-Öze-ambn {]kw-Kn-¨p. {_n«ojv Kh¬saâns\ \ncm-I-cn-¡p-hm\pw Ah-cpsS \nb-a-§-sfÃmw ewLn-¡p-hm\pw Rm³ tbmK-¯nÂh¨v Bh-iy-s¸-«p. A¶s¯ {]kw-Khpw Ignªv cp-aq¶p Zn-hkw Fw.-]n. Zmtam-Z-csâ ho«n Rm³ Bcp-a-dn-bmsX Ign-¨p-Iq-«n. AXn-\n-S-bn Icn-bm-«pw, I\-I-a-e-bnepw Rm³ sNbvX {]kw-K-§-fn "cmPy-t{Zm-l-'ap-s¶pw AXp-sIm-ss¶ AdÌp sN¿p-hm³
hmdp ]pd-s¸-«n-«p-s¶pw Rm\-dn-ªp. AXn-\-Sp-¯-Zn-hkw Iq¯p-]-d-¼n-epÅ atdm-fn-L-«n Hcp ka-c-{]-N-c-W-tbmKw tNcp-hm³ GÀ¸m-Sp-sN-bvXn-cp-¶p. Fsâ t]cn Ad-Ìp-hm-dv D-m-bn-cp-¶-Xp-sImv t\m«o-kn Fsâ t]cp h¨n-cp-¶n-Ã. aäp-Nne t]cp-IÄ t\m«o-kn-ep-m-bn-cp-¶p. hb-e-f-¯p-\n¶v Bcpw ImWmsX Iq¯p-]-d-¼n-se-¯p-I-bpw, Iq¯p-]-d-¼nse s]mXp-tbm-K-¯n ka-c-{]-kw-Kw-sNbvXv t]meo-kn\p ]nSn-sIm-Sp-¡msX c£-s¸-Sp-Ibpw thWw. AXm-bn-cp¶p Fs¶ kw_-Ôn¨p A¶p-m-bn-cp¶ ]cn-]m-Sn.
hb-e-f-¯p-\n¶v Iq¯p-]-d-¼n-te¡v tdmUnÂIqSn t]mIp-I-bm-sW-¦n ]t¯mfw \mgnI Zqc-ap-v. tdmUnÂIqSn Adn-bp¶ Bfp-I-fpw, t]meokpw ImWmsX t]mIpI {]bm-k-hp-am-Wv. AXp-sImp CS-h-gn-bnÂIq-Sn-bpw, ]mS-§-fnÂIq-Snbpw \S-¶n-«mWv Rm³ Iq-¯p-]-d-¼n-se-¯n-b-Xv. At¸mÄ AhnsS tbmKw \S-¡p-I-bm-bn-cp-¶p. Rm³ t\sc tbmK-Ø-e-t¯-¡mWp t]mb-Xv. Fs¶ I-bp-Ss\ {]kwKw sNbvXp-sIm-n-cp¶ BÄ {]kwKw \ndp-¯p-Ibpw F\n-¡p-thn {]kw-K-a©w Hgn-ªp-X-cn-Ibpw sNbvXp. AXn-\p-ap¼v Fsâ Pohn-X-¯n Hcn-¡epw Rm³ sNbvXn-«n-Ãm-¯{X Kmw`o-cyt¯m-Sp-IqSn Hcp ka-c-{]-kwKw Rm³ sN¿p-Ibpw AXp Ign-ª-bp-Ss\ P-\-¡q-«-¯n-te¡v ad-bp-Ibpw sNbvXp. Rm³ tbmK-¯n {]kw-Kn-¡p-¶ps¶v a\-Ên-em-¡nb Iq¯p-]-d-¼nse t]meo-kp-ImÀ Fsâ ASp¯v \S-s¶-¯p-¶-Xn-\n-Sbv¡v Rm³ P\-¡q-«-¯n ad-ªp-I--gn--ªn-cp-¶p. Fs¶ A¶p Ad-Ìp-sN-¿p-hm³ t]meo-kp-ImÀ¡p Ign-ªn-Ã. CS-h-gn-I-fnÂIqSn \S¶v H¶-c-ssa AIse Xma-kn-¡p¶ Hcp kvt\ln-Xsâ ho«n Rm³ A¶v A`-bw-tX-Sn.
]ntä-Zn-hkw Xe-tÈ-cn-bn tNcp¶ tZio-b-hn-ZymÀ°n-IfpsS tbmK-¯nÂ-h¨v thW-sa-¦n Fs¶ Ad-Ìp-sN-bvXp-sIm-Ås« F¶m-bn-cp¶p R§Ä \nÝ-bn-¨n-cp-¶-Xv. A¶p-¨-tbm-Sp-IqSn Hfn-hn Rm³ ho«n-se-¯p-Ibpw A½-tb-bpw, AÑ-t\bpw Ip bm{Xm-\p-aXn tNmZn-¡p-Ibpw sNbvXp. A©p-a-Wn-tbm-Sp-IqSn Hcp IpXn-c-hn Fsâ ho«n-\-Sp¯v Rms\m-fn-hn-en-cp¶ Øe-s¯-¯n. apÉow-kv{Xo-IÄ bm{X-sN-¿p-I-bm-sW¶pw aäp-Å-hÀ¡p tXm¶-¯-¡-co-Xn-bn hn-bpsS IÀ«-\p-IÄ Xmgv¯n-bn«p (hn-cn-IÄ) Rm\pw Hcp kvt\ln-X\pw hn-bn Ibdn Ccp¶v Xe-tÈcn ]«-W-¯n-te¡v bm{X-bm-bn. hn sN¶p-
\n-¶Xv IS¸m-e-¯n-\-Sp-¯m-bn-cp-¶p. AhnsS R§Ä Cd§n ISÂXo-c-¯pÅ a¬Xn« ad-bm-¡n-sImv shÅ-¯n-\-Sp-¯p-IqsS \S¶p Ph-lÀL-«n-se-¯n.
AhnsS hnZymÀ°nI-fpsS Hcp s]mXp-tbmKw \S-¡p-I-bm-bn-cp-¶p. Rm\-Sp-s¯-¯n-b-tXm-Sp-IqSn tbmK-¯n {]kw-Kn¨psIm-n-cp¶ am\y³ {]kwKw \ndp-¯p-Ibpw sNbvXp. {_n-«ojp Kh¬saâns\ C´y-bnÂ\n¶v B«n-tbm-Sn-¡p-hm³ Blzm-\w-sN-bvXp-sImv Rms\sâ {]kwKw Bcw-`n-¨p. AXn-\n-S-bn Fs¶ AdÌp sN¿p-hm³ IS-¸p-d-¯p-h¶p Im¯n-cn-¡p-I-bm-bn-cp¶p t]meokv kÀ¡nÄ C³kvs]-IvS-dpw, kºv C³kvs]-IvSdpw tbmK-¯n-te¡v IS-¶p-h-cn-Ibpw Fs¶ AdÌp sN¿p-Ibpw sNbvXp. kt½-f-\-¯n kw_-Ôn-¨n-cp-¶-hÀ Pb-tLm-j-§-fpw, ap{Zm-hm-Iy-§fpw apg¡n Fs¶ A\p-K-an-¡p-hm³ XpS-§n. t]meo-kp-Im-cpsS hm\n Ibän Fs¶ AhÀ sImp-t]m-bXv t]meokv tÌj-\n-te-¡m-bn-cp-¶p. 1930-þ {ioam³ FÂ.-F-kv. {]`p \n¶n-cp¶ Øe¯v 1942 HIvtSm-_Àamkw 22-þmw XobXn Rm³ \n¡p-I-bm-Wv. hnZymÀ°n-I-fpw, s]mXp-P-\-§fpw ap{Zm-hm-Iy-§Ä apg-¡n-s¡mv t]meokv tÌj-\p-Npäpw tLmj-bm-{X-IÄ \bn-¡p-¶p. ]pd-¯pÅ hnZymÀ°n-Isf I-t¸mÄ Ncn{Xw BhÀ-¯n-¡p¶p F¶pÅ hkvXp-X-bmWv F\n-t¡mÀ½-h-¶-Xv. Bh-iy-apÅ `£-W-km-[-\-§Ä t]meo-kp-ImÀ sImp-h-¶p-X¶p Fsâ kplr-¯p-¡-fn ]ecpw t]meokv tÌj-\n h¶v Fs¶ Ip kwkm-cn-¨p. A§s\ A¶-h-cpsS Iq«-¯n kn.-F-¨v.-sI. \¼ym-cp-ap-m-bn-cp-¶p. At±lw t]mIp-hm³ ]pd-s¸-«-t¸mÄ \n§-fn-t¸mÄ t]mtI--Xn-söv t]meo-kp-ImÀ At±-l-t¯mSp ]d-ªp. AtXm-Sp-IqSn At±-lhpw Ad-Ìn-em-bn.
R§Ä¡p-th-p¶ kpJ-ku-I-cy-§Ä GÀs¸-Sp-¯p-hm³ In\m¯n \mcm-b-W³ A¶v t]meokv tÌj-\n-ep-m-bn-cp-¶p. AhnsS R§Ä¡p InS-¡p-hm³ At±-l-¯nsâ ho«nÂ\n¶v InS-¡-Ifpw F¯n-¨p-X-¶n-cp-¶p. ]ntä-Zn-hkw R§sf I®q-cnse k_vP-bn-en-te¡p sImp-t]m-bn. AhnsS F¯n-b-t¸m-gmWv Pbn PohnXw F´m-sW¶v R§Ä¡mZyw a\-Ên-em-b-Xv.
1930 apX tIm¬{KÊv {]hÀ¯-\-§fpsS ap¶-Wn-bn \n¶p
sImv tIm«bw Xmeq-¡ns\ am{X-aà H¶n-e-[nIw XhW tIc-f-s¯-X-s¶bpw ka-c-Ime¯v {]tXy-In¨pw \bn-¨n-«pÅ R§-fpsS [oc-t\-Xm-hmb FÂ.-F-kv. {]`p-hnsâ \ncymW hmÀ¯ Pbn-en-\pÅnÂ\n¶v R§Ä¡p tIÄt¡-n-h-¶n-«pÅ ZpxJ-hmÀ¯-I-fn ImTn-\y-ta-dnb H¶m-Wv. Fs¶ in£n-¡p-¶-Zn-hkw tImS-Xn-bnÂh-¨mWv Rm³ At±-ls¯ Ah-km-\-ambn I-Xv. 1943 P\p-h-cn-bn At±-ls¯ AdÌpsNbvXp XS-¦-en hbv¡p-hm³thn Aa-cm-h-Xn¡pw Ahn-sS-sh¨p tcmK-_m-[n-X-\m-b-t¸mÄ aZn-cmin P\-d Bip-]-{Xn-bnepw sImp-h-¶n-«p-s¶pw ]n¶oSp \ncp-]m-[n-I-ambn hn«-b-¨n-«p-s¶pw s^{_p-h-cn-bn At±lw tZl-hn-tbmKw sNbvXp-sh-¶p-apÅ hmÀ¯-I-sfÃmw {Ia-{]-Imcw R§Ä Pbn-en-\p-Ån tI«n-cp-¶p. FÂ.-F-kv. {]`p-hnsâ ]mh-\-kva-c-Wbv¡p ap³]n Xe-Ip-\n-¨p-sImp Rm³ XpS-c-s«.
Xe-tÈcn k_v Unhn-j-\ B^o-k-dpsS A¶s¯ Iym¼v I®qcnembn-cp-¶-Xp-sIm-mWv At±-l-¯nsâ ap³]msI R§sf lmP-cm-¡p-hm³thn I®q-cn sImp-t]m-b-Xv. A¶p-]-I apgp-h³ R§-fpsS kq£n-¸p-Im-cmb t]meo-kp-Im-cpw, C³kvs]-IvSdpw R§-tf-bpw-sIm-v tImS-Xn-bn h«w-Xn-cn-ªp. sshIp-t¶cw Ggp-a-Wn-hsc R§sf hnNm-cW sNt¿-n-bn-cp¶ \ymbm-[n-]³ Xe-tÈ-cn-bnÂ\n¶v I®q-cn-se-¯n-t¨À¶n-cp-¶n-Ã. Hcmsf AdÌp sNbvXp-I-gn-ªm C-cp-]-¯n-\mep aWn-¡q-dn-\p-Ån A[n-Im-c-Ø-\mb DtZym-K-Øsâ ap³]n lm-P-cm-¡-W-sa-¶mWv \nb-aw. Xte-Zn-hkw A©p-a-Wn¡v Fs¶ AdÌv sNbvXn-cp-¶p-sh-¦nepw Fkv.Un.Fw. I®q-cn-se-¯n-t¨À¶Xv Ggp-aWn Ign-ªn-«m-b-Xp-sImv AXn-\p-tijw am{X-amWv R§sf lmP-cm-¡n-b-Xv. R§-fpsS tIkp hnNm-cW 29-þmw Xob-Xn-hsc \o«n-bn-cn-¡p-¶p-sh-¶pw, AXp-hsc R§sf dnamâp sNbvXn-cn-¡p-¶p-sh¶pw PUvPn IÂ]n-¨p. A¶p cm{Xn R§Ä¡p cp-t]À¡pw I®qÀ k_vP-bn-en {]th-i\w In«n.
I®qÀ t¹äp-t^m-d-¯n awK-em-]p-c-¯p-\n-¶pÅ sabn hn-bpsS hchpw Im¯p R§Ä \n¡p-t¼mÄ, I®q-cn-sâbpw XZzmcm tIc-f-¯n-sâbpw Ncn-{X-¯n-te¡v Fsâ Nn´ Rm\-dn-bmsX ]mªp-t]m-bn. Nnd-bv¡Â Xmeq-¡nsâ Xe-Øm\ ]«-W-amWv I®qÀ. Nnd-bv¡Â Xmeq-¡n¶v B t]cp-m-¡n-¯oÀ¯ Nnd-bv¡Â F¶ {]tZ-iw, hf-sc-¡mew tIc-f-¯nse {]Xm-]-hm-·m-cm-bn-cp¶ cm--Pm-¡-·m-cpsS Ipe-§-fn-sem-¶mb tIme-¯n-cn-bpsS tImhn-e-I-apÅ {]tZ-i-am-Wv. shÅ-¡m-cpsS hc-thm-Sp-IqSn tIc-f-¯nse kzX-{´\pw {]Xm-]n-bp-amb Hcp cmPm-sh¶ \ne-bnÂ\n¶v {_n«o-jp-Im-cpsS Iogn-epÅ Hcp henb P·n F¶ \ne-bn-te¡v tIme-¯ncn cmP-hwiw Ct¶¡v A[x-]-Xn¨p t]mbn-cn-¡p-¶p. tIme"-¯ncn' I¯ptam F¶ kmaq-Xn-cn-bpsS tNm-Zy-¯n\v km"aqcn' Ip¯ptam F¶ tNmZyw adp-]-Sn-bmbn tIme-¯ncn sImSp-¯-Xmbn tIme-¯n-cnbpw kmaq-Xn-cnbpw X½n-ep-mb ]s¯ _p-²n-a-Õc ]co-£-I-sf-¸-änbpw aäpw ]d-ªp-tI-«n-«pÅ ]g-¦-Y-IÄ F\n-¡-t¸m-tfmÀ½-h-¶p. tIme-¯ncn tImhn-eIw As¶mcp hnZzÂk-ZÊpw IqSn-bm-bn-cp-¶p. Ahn-sSs-h-¨tà tIc-f-¯nsâ Hc-aq-ey-k-¼-¯mb B apc-fo-Km\wþIr-jvW-KmYþB A\p-Kr-lo-X-Km-b-I³-þ-sN-dp-tÈ-cnþ FgpXn apgp-an-¸n-¨-Xv.
B-Úbm tIme-`q-]ky
{]mÚ-tkym-Zb hÀ½Wx
IrXmbmw Ir-jvW-Km-Ym-bmw.
F¶v B "Xncp-ta\n' Xs¶ Fgp-Xn-sh-¨n-«p--tÃm. "D´p-´p-´m-fp´p' F¶pÅ aqfn-¸m-«ns\ XpSÀs¶-gp-Xo-«pÅ B Aar-X-Km-\-¯nsâ Hgp¡v A¶p-ap-X C¶p-hsc ssIc-fnsb B-\-µ-\nÀ²-cn-bn Bdm-Sn-¡p-¶n-tÃ. IrjvW-Km-Y-bpsS P\-\-Kr-l-amb Nnd-bv¡-te¡v Chn-sS-\n¶v ctm aqt¶m \mgn-Itb AI-e-ap-Åq.
sabnÂ-hn h¶p-\n-¶p. Fsâ Nn´ H¶-hnsS apdn-ªp. R§Ä hn-bn Ib-dn. tÌj-\n bm{X-¡m-cp-sSbpw hnÂ]-\-¡m-cp-sSbpw _l-f-a-§ns\ \S¡p¶p. hn Nqfw hnfn¡m³ XpS-§n. R§Ä I®qcp hnSp-I-bm-Wv. shÅ-¡mÀ¡v C´y-bn-te¡p hcp-hm-\pÅ hgn BZy-ambn sXfn-bn¨ shÅ-¡m-cmb t]mÀ¯p-Ko-kp-ImÀ¡v BZy-Im-
e¯p tIc-f-¡-c-bn-ep-m-bn-cp-¶ apJy-I-¨-hS tI{µ-§-fn-sem-¶m-bn-cp¶p I®qÀ. t]mÀ¯p-Ko-kp-Im-cp-ambn I®q-cn-¶p-m-bn-cp¶ _Ôw hnfn-¨p-]-d-bp¶ t]mÀ¯p-Ko-kp-Im-cpsS "G©tem' F¶ tIm« C¶pw IS-¸p-d¯p kpc-£n-X-ambn ØnXn-sN-¿p-¶p-v. \m«p-Im-cnÂ\n¶pw t]mÀ¯p-Ko-kp-Im-cnÂ\n¶pw ssIam-dn, I®qÀ C¶p {_n«o-jp-Im-cpsS ssIbn-em-Wv. I®q-cn-t\-bpw, tIc-f-t¯bpw `mc-X-s¯-¯-s¶bpw {_n«o-jp-Im-cpsS ]nSn-bnÂ\n¶pw hntam-Nn-¸n-¡p-hm-\pÅ alm-ß-Pn-bpsS alÂ{]-Øm-\-¯nse Hsc-fnb ]¦m-fn-sb¶ \ne-bn-emWp Rm\n-¡pdn I®q-cnÂ\n¶p hn Ibdn t]mIp-¶-Xv.
hn FS-¡mSp tÌj³ IS-¶p-t]m-Ip-I-bm-Wv. cp sImÃ-t¯¡v C\n ImWp-hm³ km[n-¡m¯ ImgvN-I-fmWv hn-bpsS P\-ep-I-fnÂIqSn Rm³ ]pd-¯p-Im-Wp-¶-Xv. "shÅp-h-¡-½m-c³' F¶ ]pkvX-I-¯n IYm-\m-b-Isâ P·-Ø-e-ambn hnh-cn-¡-s¸-«n-«pÅ N{µ-Kncn Ip¶p-I-fmWv Ing-¡p-`m-K¯p ImWp-¶-Xv. shÅp-h-¡-½m-c³ sslZ-cm-en-bpsS Imes¯ tIc-f-¯nse Gähpw {]i-kvX-\mb Hcp ]S-ho-c-\m-bn-cp-¶p. A`ym-k-Zr-V-amb Xsâ Km{Xw-sImv AÛp-X-I-c-amb ]eXpw At±lw km[n-¨n-«p-v. Hcp km[m-cW ]S-bm-fn-bpsS \ne-bnÂ\n¶p ssakqÀ ssk\y-¯nsâ kÀÆss-k\ym[n]-Øm-\-t¯¡v At±lw DbÀ¶p. At¸m-tgbv¡pw shÅp-h-¡-½m-c³ F¶ \mbÀ bphmhv sjbn¡v Bbm-kvJm³ F¶ t]tcm-Sp-IqSn Hcp apÉow bphm-hmbn amdn-bn-cp-¶p. ssakq-cnsâ Ncn-{X-¯nepw CuÌn-´ym-¡-¼-\n-¡m-cpsS dn¡m-Up-I-fnepw ImWp¶ Bbm-kvJm³ Cu shÅp-h-¡-½m-c-\-ÃmsX aäm-cp-a-Ã. hntZ-in-I-fmb CuÌn-´ym-I-¼-\n-¡m-tcmSv sslZ-cm-en¡p thnbpw XZzmcw \m«p-ImÀ¡p-th-nbpw At±lw ]e-t¸mgpw CS-tbn h¶n-«p-v. CuÌn-´ym-¡-¼-\n-¡m-cp-ambn Imcy-§-sfm-¯p-XoÀ¡p-hm³ At±lw ]e-Ipdn Ah-cpsS Xe-tÈ-cn-t¡m« kµÀin-¨n-«p-v. At±-l-¯nsâ {]m]vXnbpw hniz-kvX-Xbpw a\-Ên-em-¡nb sslZ-cmen At±-ls¯ ssakq-cnsâ "Nn¯ÂZpÀ¤v' kwØm-\-¯nse KhÀ®À ]Z-¯n-te-bv¡p-bÀ¯n-b-t¸mÄ BZy-ambn B ]Zhn At±lw \ncm-I-cn-¡p-I-bp-m-bn-«p-v.
Nnd-bv¡Â-þ-tIm-«bw Xmeq-¡p-I-fpsS AXn-cmbn Hgp-Ip¶ A©-c-¡-n-¸pg IS¶p hn [À½-S-s¯-¯n. Hcp \o Ime-t¯¡p R§-fpsS Xmeq¡p hnSp-hm³ Hcp {_n«o-jp-tIm-S-Xn-bpsS hn[n-bmÂ
\nÀº-Ôn-X-cm-bn-cn-¡p¶ R§Ä Ah-km-\-ambn R§-fpsS Xmeq-¡n-te¡p IS-¡p-I-bm-Wv. GXm\pw an\n-«p-IÄ¡p-Ån R§Ä¡p R§-fpsS Xmeq-¡n-s\bpw GXm\pw aWn-¡q-dp-IÄ¡p-Ån R§-fpsS PnÃ-tbbpw tIc-f-s¯-¯-s¶bpw hn«p-]n-cn-bm-Xn-cn-¡m³ \nhr-¯n-bn-Ã. hn [À½Sw ]pg IS-¡p-I-bm-Wv. Hcp-h-i¯p ISepw ]pgbpw kt½-fn-¡p¶ at\m-l-c-amb ImgvN. adp-`m-K¯p [À½-Ss¯ tNc-am³ Ip¶n-t·-epÅ tNc-am³tIm-«. tIcf¯nse HSp-hn-es¯ N{I-hÀ¯n-bm-bn-cp¶ tNc-am³ s]cp-am-fn¶p \mep Xe-Øm-\-§Ä D-m-bn-cp-¶-Xn H¶m-bn-cp¶p [À½-]-«Ww F¶ [À½-Sw. sImSp-§-ÃqÀ, sImÃw, ]´-em-bn-\n-sImÃw F¶n-h-bm-bn-cp¶p At±-l-¯n-\p-m-bn-cp¶ aäv aq¶p Xe-Øm-\-§Ä. Xoh-n-bm-¸o-kn¶v Ing-¡p-hiw ImWp¶ tNc-am³ Ip¶n-t·-emWv tNc-am³ s]cp-am-fpsS tIm«--bp-Å-Xv. Chn-sS-sh-¨mWv At±lw I¸Â Ibdn a¡-t¯¡p t]mbn-«p-Å-sX-¶mWv hniz-kn-¡-s¸-Sp-¶-Xv.
tNc-am³tIm-«-bv¡p-t\sc t\m¡p-t¼mÄ {_n-«o-jp-km-{am-Py-Xr-jvW-bpsS ap³]n C´y³ kzmX{´y {]iv\-sa-¶-Xp-t]mse hnZq-c-X-bpsS N{I-hm-f-¯n tIm« a§n a§n-s¡m-n-cn-¡p¶ ImgvN-bmWv Rm³ I-Xv. Hcp Imew, tIc-f-¯n-\p-m-bn-cp¶ cmjv{So-b-kzm-X{´y¯nsâ tIhew \in-¨p-t]m-bn-«n-Ãm¯ A]qÀÆ kvamc-I-§-fn-sem-¶mWv A\m-Y-amb B tNc-am³tIm-«. tIcfw `cn-¡p-hm³ Hcp hymg-h-«-¯n-sem-cn-¡Â Xnc-sª-Sp-¡-s¸-Sm-dpÅ s]cp-amÄ N{I-hÀ¯n-am-cn HSp-hn-es¯ Bfmb tNc-am³ s]cp-am-fpsS cmjv{So-b-N-cn-{Xhpw PohN-cn-{X-hp-ambn _Ô-s¸-«n-«pÅ Hcp tIm«-bmWv [À½-Ss¯ B CSn-ªp-s]m-fnª tIm«. C¶s¯ [À½-Sw, A¶p, tIc-f-¯nse {][m\ \K-c-§-fn-sem-¶mb [À½-]-«-W-am-bn-cp-¶p. A¶s¯ cmP-Iob sIm«mc Ah-in-jvS-§fmWv C¶p ImWp¶ B IÂIq-¼m-c-§Ä. A¶s¯ B cmP-[m-\n-bpsS C¶s¯ \ne-bn¡qSn A¶s¯ tIc-f-¯n-sâ C¶s¯ Cu ]X\w Ncn-{X-ZrjvSym \ap¡p ImWp-hm³ Ign-bpw. [À½-]-«-W-¯n-tâbpw tNc-am³tIm-«-bp-tSbpw ]X\w tNc-am-tâbpw tIc-f-hÀ½ ]g-Èn-cm-Pm-hn-sâbpw tIc-f-¯n \n¶p {_n«o-jp-Im-cpsS tIc-f-¯n-te-¡pÅ ]X-\-amWv Ipdn-¡p-¶-Xv. ]g-Èn-bnse cmP-knw-l-am-bn-cp¶ tIc-f-hÀ½ `cWw \S-¯nb Xmeq-¡n-emWv kzmX-{´-y¯nsâ t]cn Imcm-Kr-l-¯n-te¡p t]mIp¶ R§-sfbpw hln-¨p-sIm-v, {_n«ojv km{am-Py-Xz-XmÂ-
]cy kwc-£-I-\mb B Xohn F¯nbn-cn-¡p-¶-Xv.
kzmX-{´y-kw-c-£-W-¯n-\p-thn {_n«ojv knwl-t¯mSv [oc-[ocw t]mcm-Sp-Ibpw hniz-hn-{ipX cW-iq-c-\mb s\t¸m-fn-bs\ "hmÀ«eq' bp²¯nÂsh¨p ]n¶oSp ]cm-P-b-s¸-Sp¯n ka-cm-¦-W-¯n hnP-b-]-Xm-I-bp-bÀ¯nb hm«Àeq-ho-c-\mb hnÃn-§vS-s\-t¸mepw Xsâ AXy-Ûp-X-]-cm-{I-a-§Ä sIm-¼-c-¸n-¡p-I-bpw, ]cm-P-b-t¯-¡mÄ hoc-ar-Xyp-hmWv BZ-c-Wo-b-sa¶ F®-t¯m-sS, `mc-X-am-Xm-hnsâ kzX{´y _en-]o-T-¯n X¶-¯m³ Bß-_en AÀ¸n-¡p-Ibpw sNbvX tIc-f-hÀ½ ]g-Èn-cm-Pm-hnsâ kvac-Wbv¡p \tam-hm-I-a-cp-fmsX At±-l-¯nsâ Ncn{Xadn-bm-hp¶ GsXmcp kz-X-{´y-`-à-\mWv AXnse IS-¶p-t]m-Im³ km²y-am-hpI?
kvac-W-Ifpw Nn´-Ifpw Fsâ A´-cw-K-¯n Ae-b-Sn-¨p-b-cp-I-bm-Wv. hn Fsâ P·-tZ-i-amb s\-«q-cn¡q-Sn-bm-tWm-Sp-¶-Xv. kmbm-Ó-th-f-bn kvt\ln-X-·m-tcm-sSm¸w Rm³ Nne-t¸mÄ Dem-¯m-dpÅ IS-¸pdw AXm I®n-s\-Xnsc ImWp-¶p. F._n.-kn.-Un. F¶ Cw¥o-j-£-c-§Ä BZy-ambn ]Tn¨ anjy³ ]mT-ime ØnXn-sN-¿p¶ CÃn-¡p-¶mWv B ImWp¶ Ip¶v. AXn-\-¸p-d-¯mWv Rm³ "lcn{io' ]Tn¨ \ms«-gp-¯p-]-Ån. Rm³ P\n-¨p-hfÀ¶ hoSv B Ip¶n³Np-h-«n-em-Wv. BZys¯ Cw¥o-jp-þ-a-e-bmf \nL-p-hmb tUmIvSÀ slÀa³Kp-À«nsâ \nLp B PÀ½³ ]mXncn FgpXn ]qÀ¯n-bm-¡n-bXv B Ip¶-nt·Â ImWp¶ B at\m-l-c-amb _w¥m-hnÂsh-¨m-Wv. B ImWp¶ tdmUnÂIqSn H«p-Zqcw sN¶m "Ac-t§äv' ]d-s¼¶ Hcp ]d-¼n-se-¯mw. Ahn-sS-sh-¨m-Wt{X IY-I-fn-sb¶ Iem-hn-ti-j-¯nsâ BZys¯ {]tW-Xm-¡-fn Hcm-fmb tIm«-b¯v X¼p-cmsâ BZys¯ IY-I-fn-tbmKw BZy-ambn "Ac-t§dn'bXv. tIc-f-¯nsâ cmjv{So-bhpw kmln-Xy-]-chpw Iem-]-c-hp-amb Ncn-{X-§-fn {]i-kvXn-s¸« tIm«-bw, ]gÈn F¶o tImhn-e-I-§-fn-te¡pw B hgn t]mbm-se-¯m-hp-¶-Xm-Wv.
Ac-t§äp ]d-¼n \ns¶m-scm-¶c \mgn-I-t]m-bm s]m¶yw F¶ Hcp {]tZ-i-s¯-¯pw. tIc-f-¯nse Gähpw {]kn-²-\mb Hcp [oc-tbm-²m-hnsâ hoc-N-c-a-¯n\v km£yw \n¶ {]tZ-i-am-W-Xv. Xt¨mfn HtX-\³! tIc-fs¯ C¶pw tImcn-¯-cn-¸n-¡p¶ Hcp t]cm-W-Xv. kw`-h-_-lp-ehpw \mS-Io-b-hp-amb Hc-Xyp-Öze Pohn-X--¯nsâ
\mS-tIm-Nn-X-amb AdpXn A`n-\-bn-¨-h-km-\n-¸n-¨Xv s]m¶ys¯ t]mÀ¡-f-¯nÂsh-¨m-Wv. hnP-b-{io-em-fn-X-\mbn t]mÀ¡-f-¯nÂ\n¶p Xncn¨ HtX-\³, Bbp[w ]S-¡-f-¯nÂsh¨p ad-¶p-t]m-sb¶p HmÀ½-h-¶-bp-S-s\, _Ôp-P-\-§fpw kvt\ln-X-·mcpw XS-bp-¶-Xns\ Iq«m-¡msX Bbp-[-sa-Sp-¡p-hm³thn hopw "A¦-¡-fcn'bnte¡p Xncn-¡p-¶p. Bbp[w I¿n-em¡n Xncn-¨p-h-cpw-hgn NXn-b\pw \oN-\p-amb Np-§m-s¸m-bn DSp-¼³_-¸³ a¬a-Xn adªn-cp¶p aXn-en-ep-m-¡nb Zzmc-¯nÂIqsS HtX-\sâ t\À¡p Xsâ tXm¡nsâ D¶w ]nSn-¡p-¶p. shSn-s]m-«p-Ibpw HtX-\\v D G¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p. NXn-b-\mb _¸sâ IY Btcm AtXmsSm¸w Ign-¡p-¶p-s-¦nepw HtX-\\v ]änb apdnhv A]m-b-I-c-am-sW-¶p-Å-Xp-sImv, \m«p-Im-cpsS I®n-ep-®n-bmb HtX-\¶v ImWn-Isf I®o-cn-em-dm-Sn-¸n-¨p-sImp am{Xta Xsâ tijn¨ bm{X apgp-an-¸n-¡p-hm³ km[n-¨p-Åq. [n¡m-cn-I-fpsS aqjv¡p-I-f-S-¡n-bn-Xn-sâbpw \mSp-hm-gn-I-fpsS ZÀ¸w ian-¸n-¨-Xn-sâbpw am\n-\n-am-cpsS am\-tkm-Ãmkw hcp-¯n-b-Xn-sâbpw aäpw F{X-sb{X AÛp-X-I-Y-IÄ DÄs¡m-Åp-¶-XmWv s]men-bm-dmb Cu taml-\-Po-hnXw? ASÀ¡-f-¯n-te¡p hcp-t¼mÄ HtX-\³ NmSn¡-S¶psh¶p Xt¨m-fn-¸m-«p-I-fn ]d-bp¶ s]m¶yw-]p-g-bmWv \n«q-cnÂIqSn Hgp-Ip¶ Cu Ip¿m-en-¸pg
]pg-b-cnIn IqSn-t¸m-Ip¶ B sh«p-h-gn¡v R-§Ä "Ip¿m-en-¨nd'sb¶mWv ]d-bp-I, B ]mX-IÄ ImWp-t¼mÄ kvac-W-IÄ Fsâ Iuam-c-Im-e-¯n-te¡pw hnZymÀ°n Pohn-X-¯n-te¡pw ]mªp-sN-Ãp-I-bm-Wv. A¡m-es¯ kw_-Ôn-¡p¶ Fs´Ãmw kpIp-am-c-Nn-´-I-fmWv I®n-¶p-ap-¼n Ct¸mÄ ImWp¶ Cu {]tZ-i-§-fp-ambn H«n-¸n-Sn-¨n-«p-Å-Xv. Xe-tÈ-cn-bn-epÅ sslkvIq-fp-I-fn-te¡pw tImtf-Pn-te¡pw I¿n ]pkvX-I-§-fp-ambn Ht«sd hnZymÀ°n-\n-hn-ZymÀ°n-IÄ C¶pw B hgn \S¶p t]mIp-¶p-v. \me-©p-sIm-Ã-t¯m-fw, Hcp ]¯p-sImÃw ap¼v hsc, Rm\pw A§s\ t]mIm-dp-Å-h-cn Hcp-h-\m-bn-cp-¶p. Fsâ A¶s¯ B t]m¡pw C¶s¯ Cu t]m¡pw X½n Fs´m-c-´cw!
Cu ]pgbpw ]cn-k-c-§fpw ImgvN-bnÂ\n¶p adbp-hm³ t]mIp-t¼mÄ Fsâ Xe-bv¡-I¯v kvac-W-Ifpw Nn´-Ifpw Ip«n-¡-cWw ad-bp-I-bm-Wv. {]mb-]qÀ¯n-bm-b-Xn-\p-tijw Cu {]tZ-i¯v A[n-
I-sam¶pw Xma-kn-¡p-hm³ F\n¡p km[n-¨n-cp-¶n-Ã. Ct¸m-gn-Xm, Imcm-Kr-l-¯n-¶p-th-n, Cu at\m-l-c-{]-tZ-ihpw ]cn--k-c-§fpw hn«p Rm³ t]mhp-I-bm-Wv. Pbn-en-¶p-ÅnÂ\n¶p Btcm-Ky-t¯m-Sp-IqSn Xncn-¨p-h-cp-hm³ CS-h-¶m hopw ImWm-sa¶p a\km Fsâ {Kma-t¯mSp bm{X ]d-bp-t¼m-tg¡v hn Xe-tÈcn tÌj-\n F¯n. I®qÀ hn«-Xn-\p-tijw sabnÂhn BZy-ambn \n¡p-¶-X-hn-sS-bm-Wv. [mcmfw kvt\ln-X-·mÀ R-§sf ImWp-hm\pw bm{X-b-b-¡p-hm\pw tÌj-\n k¶n-ln-X-cm-bn-«p-m-bn-cp¶p! Ah-tcm-sSÃmw bm{X-]-dªp ]ncn-bp-t¼mÄ F\n¡p Htcsbmcp Nn´tb Dm-bn-cp-¶p-Åq. C´y³ kzmX{´yw! Bfp-Isf Bthiw sImÅn-¡p¶ alm-ßPn Fs´mcp ambm-a-\p-jy³. `mc-X-¯nsâ GsX-¦n-ep-samcp tImWn-en-cp¶p HcmwKyw Im«n-bm `mc-X-am-k-Iew, Btk-Xp-ln-am-New Cf-In-a-dn-bp-¶p. ]pcn-I-sam¶p Npfn-¨m `mcXw kvXw`n-¡p-¶p. `qan-bn Imsem-¶q-¶n-sh-¨m `qI-¼-ap-m-Ip-¶p. km{am-Py-§Ä \Sp-§p-¶p. At±-l-am-WtÃm `mc-X-¯nsâ t\Xm-hv. `mc-X-ta, \n\-¡-`n-am-\n¡mw! bpKm-´-c-§-fn k¼m-Zn¨p kzcq-]n¨ kpIr-Xw-sImt C¯cw t\XrXzw ssIh-cq.
CuÌn´ymI¼-\n-¡mÀ tIc-f-¯n BZy-ambn ssI¡-em-¡nb {]tZ-i-§-fn--sem-¶mWv Xe-tÈ-cn. ]g-Èn-cm-Pm-hn--t\mSpw sslZ-cm-en-tbmSpw aäpw bp²w sN¿p-hm³ I¼-\n-¡m-cpsS ]«mfw {][m-\-ambn A¶p Xe-tÈ-cn-t¡m-«-bn \n¶m-Ws{X t]mIm-dp-m-bn-cp-¶-Xv. shÅ-¡m-cpsS BK-a-\-¯n-\p-ti-j-apÅ tIc-f-¯nsâ Ncn-{X-¯n ]e Ncn-{X-kw-`-h-§fpw In-«pÅ Hcp ]«-W-amWv Xe-tÈ-cn. hn a¿-gn-bn-se-¯n. {_n«o-jp-ImÀ Xe-tÈ-cn-bn tIm«-sI«n Ah-cpsS Øm\w AhnsS Dd-¸n-¨-tXm-sSm¸w ]c-{´o-Êp-ImÀ Øm\-ap-d-¸n¨ Øe-amWv a¿-gn. sslZ-cm-en-bp-am-bp-mb ssakqÀ bp²-§-fn At±-l-¯n¶p klm-b-¯n-¶mbn ]c-{´o-Êp-ssk\yw t]mIm-dp-m-bn-cp-¶Xv a¿gn-bnÂ-\n-¶m-bn-cp-¶p. {_n«ojp-Imcpw ]c-{´o-Êp-Imcpw X½n C´y-bnÂsh-¨p-mb bp²-§-fn Xe-tÈ-cn-bnse {_n«o-jp-ssk-\yhpw a¿-gn-bnse ]c-{´o-Êp-ssk\yhpw X-½n ]eh«w Gäp-ap-t«n h¶n-«p-v.
hn IS-¯-\m-«n -Iq-Sn-bmWv HmSp-¶-Xv. CXp hoc-`q-an-bm-Wv. \nc-h[n tIc-fob hoc-·m-cpsS sNt©m-c-sImv Nph-¸n-¡-s¸-«-XmWv
Chn-Sps¯ sN½®v. Btcm-aÂtN-I-hÀ, ]mem-«p-tIm-a³, ]¿-¼Ån N´p, Btcm-a-ep-®n, X-t¨mfn HtX-\³ apX-emb At\Iw [oc-tbm-²m-¡Ä ]S-s]m-cp-Xn-¸-g-Inb \mSmWv IS-¯-\m-Sv. Acn-t§m-S-sc¶ {]-_-e\pw {]Xm-]n-bp-amb FXn-cm-fn-tbm-tS-äp-ap«n "]p¯-cn-b¦w' Pbn-¨-tijw, A]m-b-I-c-a-Ãm¯ apdn-hnÂ\n-¶p-mb cà-{]-hmlw aqe-apÅ £oWw amäp-hm³ a¨q-\-\mb N´p-hnsâ aSn-bn hn{i-an-¡p-hm³ InS-t¡, NXn-b-\mb N´p apdn-hm-bn ]gp-¸n¨ Ccp-¼p-tIm Ip¯n-¯n-cp-In-b-Xnsâ ^e-ambn tZl-hn-tbmKw sN¿-n-h¶ A¡m-es¯ AZzn-Xob ]S-ho-c-\m-bn-cp¶p Btcm-a tNI-hÀ. At±-l-¯nsâ ktlm-Z-cn-bm-bn-cp¶p Btcm-a-ep-®n-bmÀ¨. D®n-bmÀ¨-bpsS aI\pw Btcm-aÂt¨-I-h-cpsS acp-a-I-\p-amb Btcm-a-ep®n F¶ Ip«n Xsâ A½m-as\ NXn-¨p-sIm¶ IY-bmWv hS-¡³]m-«n-epÅ IY-I-fn Gä-hp-a-[nIw ]pf-tIm-ZvK-a-Im-cn-bmb IY A¶p Pohn-¨n-cn-¸pÅ tbm²m-¡-fn {]Ya-K-W-\o-b-\mb N´p-thmSv t]mcn\p ]pd-s¸« ]n©p-_m-e-\mb aIs\ tIc-f-¯nse B hoc-s¸¬a-Wn, B-tcm-a-ep-®n-bmÀ¨, bm{X-b-b-¡p¶Xv Cu hm¡p-I-fn-em-Wv.
t\cn«p sh«nacn-¨-sX-¦nÂ
hot«bv¡p \sÃmcp am\w-Xs¶
hocm-fn-¸«p hnXm-\-t¯msS
BÀ¯p-hn-fn¨p Rm³ sImp-t]mcpw
Hfn-hm-fp-sImp acn-¨-sX-¦nÂ
]t¨m-e-bn sI«n-h-en¡pw Rmt\.
aI\p acWw XoÀ¨-bmWv. FXn-cm-fn-bmb N´p A{X-ta henb Hc-`ym-knbpw ]cm-{I-an-bpamWv. A½bv¡p D¡WvT Hcp Imcy-¯nte DÅq. Xsâ Hma-\-a-I³, GI-k-´m-\w, A`n-am-\-t¯m-Sp-Iq-Sn, hotcm-Nn-X-amw-hn[w ac-W-a-S-b-W-sa-¶p-am-{Xw. {]Xn-Imcw sN-¿p-hm³ aIsâ ssI sh¼p-I-bm-Wv. ]p{X-hm-Õeyw ]p{Xs\ hne-¡p-hm³ amXm-hns\ t{]cn-¸n-¨p-sh-¦nepw AXp-sImp ^e-ap-m-bn-Ã. B hoc-am-Xm-hnsâ ]p{X-t\m-SpÅ At´ym-]-tZ-i-amWv taep-²-cn¨ hcn-I-fn-ep-Å-Xv. C¯cw hoc-am-Xm-¡-sf-bpw, hoc-k-tlm-Z-cn-am-tcbpw tIc-fta C\nbpw {]k-hn-¡p-I-bn-Ãtbm? A½-bp-tSbpw ap¯-Ñ-tâbpw A\p-{K-l-t¯mSpw BioÀÆm-Z-t¯m-Spw-IqSn ]S-bv¡p-t]mb Btcm-a-ep-®n, N´p-hns\ Pbn-¨p. N´p-hnsâ NXn \ndª Xe-sb-Sp¯p
]nÅÀ¡v "Imd' Ifn-¡p-hm-\n«p sImSp-¡p¶ IY H¶p-am{Xw aXn, hS-¡³]m-«p-I-fpsS ta·bv¡p aIpSw NmÀ¯p-hm³.
\mZm-]p-cw-tdmUpw IS¶p hn ]mbp-I-bm-Wv. \mZm-]pcw F¶ Øe-¯p-sh-¨mWv Btcm-a-ep-®n-bmÀ¨ [n¡m-cn-Ifpw sX½m-Sn-I-fp-amb At\Iw apjvTq-c-·m-tcmSv Hä-bv¡p-\n¶p ]S-s]m-cpXn Pbn-¨Xpw Ah-cpsS ZÀ¸w ian-¸n-¨-Xpw. s]®p-§Ät]mepw {]i-kvX-]-S-bm-fn-I-fm-bn-cp¶ A¶s¯ B hoc-tI-c-f-¯n \n¶p C¶s¯ Cu ]cm-[o-\-tI-cfw F{X A[x-]-Xn-¨p-t]m-bn-cn-¡p-¶-p. hn hS-I-c-bn-se-¯n. Xt¨mfn HtX-\sâ P\-\-Øew Cu Xoh-n-bm-¸o-knÂ\n¶v hf-sc--b-I-se-b-Ã. HtX-\sâ Ncn-{X-t¯mSp _Ô-s¸« temI-\mÀ¡m-hn-te¡pw Chn-sS-\n-¶mWv t]mtI--Xv.
hS-I-cbpw hn«v hn Ipän-bm-Sn-¸pg IS-¡p-I-bm-Wv. ]me-¯nsâ ]Sn-ªm-dp-`m-K¯p Zqsc ImWp¶ B Øe-¯mWv tIm«-bv¡Â Ipªm-en-a-c-bv¡mÀ Hcp Ime¯p Xma-kn-¨n-cp-¶-Xv. A¶v Cu {]tZiw Hcp \mhn-I-k-t¦-X-am-bn-cp-¶p. \nÀt±iw In«n-¡-gn-ªm an\n«p-IÄ¡p-Ån IS-en-en-d-§p-hm\pw t]mÀ¯p-Ko-kp-Im-tcmSv IS-enÂsh¨v t]mcm-Sp-hm\pw X¿m-dpÅ At\Iw ]t¯-am-cn-I-fpw, tXmWn-Ifpw X¿m-sd-Sp¯p \n¡m-dp-m-bn-cp-¶-X-hn-sS-bm-bn-cp-¶p. kmaq-Xncn cm-Pm-hnsâ \mhn-I-ssk-\ym-[n-]-·m-cm-bn-cp¶ tIm«-bv¡Â Ipªm-en-a-c-bv¡mÀamÀ ]e-h«w t]mÀ¯p-Ko-kp-Im-tcm-tS-äp-ap«n ]S-s]m-cp-Xo-«p-v. HSn-hn-es¯ Ipªm-en-a-c-bv¡msc kmaq-Xn-cn-Xs¶ kvt\l-`m-h-¯n t]mÀ¯p-Ko-kp-ImÀ¡v hn«p-sIm-Sp-¯p. AhÀ At±-ls¯ Hcp kvt\ln-X-s\-¶-\n-e-bn I¸-en tKmh-bn-te¡p sImp-t]m-Ip-Ibpw sNbvXp. tKmh-bn-se-¯n-b-t¸mÄ Ip-ªm-en-a-c-bv¡m-tcmSv t]mÀ¯p-Ko-kp-Im-cpsS ap¼n Iog-S-§p-hm³ AhÀ BÚm-]n-¨p. Bßm-`n-am-\nbpw ]ucp-j-{]-Xm-]-hm-\p-amb Ipªm-en-a-c-bv¡mÀ AXn-s\m-cp-§n-bn-Ã. tKmh-bnÂsh-¨-t±-ls¯ Xq¡ns¡m-Ãp-Ibpw sh«n-b-dp¯ At±-l-¯nsâ Xe kmaq-Xn-cn¡p ImgvN-bmbn tImgn-t¡m-t«¡p sImSp-¯-b-¡p-Ibpw sNbvXp. A{Xbpw \oN-ambn {]hÀ¯n¨ t]mÀ¯p-Ko-kp-Imsc ]n³Xp-SÀ¶p tIc-f-¡-c-bnse¯nb asämcp hntZ-i-i-àn-bmWv C¶p tIcfw `cn-¨p-sIm-n-cn-¡p¶ {_n«o-jp-ImÀ. Ahsc `mc-X-¯nÂ\n¶p ]pd-¯m-¡p-hm³ alm-ßPn Bcw-`n¨ Iznän-´ym-k-a-c-¯nsâ `mK-sa-¶pÅ \ne-bn-emWv Rm\n-t¸mÄ
Ipäym-Sn-¸pg IS¶p Pbn-en-te¡p t]mIp-¶-Xv. IS-¯-\m-«ns\ ]n¶n-«pw-sImv hn ]´-em-bn\n (sIm-bn-em-n) F¯n. "hmkvtIm-Un-Km-abpw ]d-¦n-I-fpsS hchpw' F¶ amIvan-ó F¶-h-cpsS tZi-`m-jm-]p-kvXIm-henbnse \memw ]mT-]p-kvX-I-¯nse B ]mTw F\n-t¡mÀ½-h-¶p.
Chn-sS-b-Sp¯v Im¸m-«p-I-S-¸p-d-¯mWv C´y-bn-te¡p I¸Â hgn-bmbn h¶ H¶m-as¯ shÅ-¡m-c³ H¶m-a-Xmbn Im-se-Sp-¯p-sh-¨-Xv. A¶s¯ B Imse-Sp-¯p-sh-¸nsâ A\-´-c-^-e-§-fm-bn-«mWv t]mÀ¯p-Ko-kp-Im-cpw, Cw¥o-jp-Im-cpw, ]c-{´o-Êp-Imcpw Hmtcm-cp-¯-cmbn ChnsS Imse-Sp-¯p-sh-bv¡p-hm³ XpS-§n-b-Xv. B ImÂsh-bv¸p-I-fpsS ^e-§-fmWv C¶p \mw A\p-`-hn-¡p¶ Zpc-´-Zp-cn-X-§Ä. `mc-Xob]mc-X{´y¯nsâ KW-]-Xn-ss¡-Ip-dn¨ kw`hw hmkvtIm-Un-Km-a-bpsS B BK-a-\-am-Wv. i]n-¡-s¸« B aplqÀ¯w B\-bn-¨n-«pÅ ]mc-X-{´ys¯ \nÀ½mÀÖ\w sN¿p-hm-\pÅ alm-ß-Pn-bpsS ]cn-{i-a-§-fn Hcp kzmX-{´y-`-S-s\¶ \ne-bn Fsâ ]¦p-h-ln-¡p-hm³ Rm³ sNbvX Hsc-fnb ]cn-{i-a--¯nsâ ^e-am-bn-«mWv Rm³ C¡pdn ]´-em-bn-\nbpw IS-¶p-t]m-Ip-¶-Xv. hn tImgn-t¡m-s«-¯n. Chn-sS-bmWv ISepw IS-¶p-h¶ shÅ-¡mÀ¡v BZy-ambn A`bw In«n-b-Xv. shÅ-¡msc kzmKXw sNbvX C´y-bnse BZys¯ cmPm-hmb kmaq-Xn-cn-bpsS Xe-Øm-\-am-Wn-Xv.
`mc-Xo-bÀ s]mXp-hnepw tIc-fo-bÀ {]tXy-In¨pw AXnYn k¡m-c-{]n-b-cm-W-tÃm. kmaq-Xncn A¶p \ÂInb BXn-Yy-¯nsâ ^e-ambn, At±-l-¯nsâ A¶s¯ AXn-Yn-I-fpsS hÀ¤-¡mÀ C¶p At±-l-¯n-sâbpw `c-Wm-[n-Im-cn-I-fm-bn. cmPm-hm-bn-cp¶ kmaq-Xncn {_n«o-jp-cm-Pm-hnsâ {]P-bm-bn.- km-aq-Xncn tImhn-e-I-¯p-m-bn-cp¶ ]s¯ ]Þn-X-k-ZÊpw Ahn-Ss¯ ]Xn-s\-«-c-¡-hn-Ifpw, FÃmw C¶p Nn´m-hn-j-b-§-fmbn Ah-ti-jn-¡p-¶p. tIc-f-¯nse Gähpw {]m_-ey-ta-dnb cmP-Iob iàn-bm-bn-cp¶ kmaq-Xncn C¶p -{_n-«o-jp-Im-cpsS shdpw Hcp kmam-´-\m-bn-¯oÀ¶n-cn-¡p-¶p.
^dq¡v! Sn¸p-kp¯-msâ tIc-f-¯nse Xe-Øm\w Hcp Ime¯p CXm-bn-cp-¶p-h-s{X. ^tdm-¡-_mZv F¶ t]cn Adn-b-s¸-«n-cp¶ Hcp ]«-Whpw AXns\ Npän-s¡m-smcp tIm«bpw A¶n-hnsS Dm-bn-cp-¶p. Sn¸p-kp¯msâ tIc-fm-{I-a-W-N-cn-{X-¯n ^tdm¡v
henb ]e ]¦p-Ifpw hln-¨n-«p-v. hn C-t¸mÄ IS-¶p-t]m-Ip-¶Xv Gd-\mSp Xmeq-¡n¡q-Sn-bm-Wv. AS-hp-Ifpw hnS-hp-Ifpw ]eXpw ]ng-¨p-t]m-bn-«p-s-¦n-epw, kzmX-{´y-¯nsâ t]cn Ht«sd IjvS-¸m-Sp-IÄ¡pw Iem-]-§Ä¡pw, 1921 se \nÊ-l-I-c-W-{]-Øm-\-Im-e-¯v, ae-_mÀ el-f-aqew hnt[-b-bmbn-«pÅ lX-`m-Ky-sb-¦nepw hocX Im«nb Xmeq-¡m-W-Xv. el-f-¡m-e¯p t]cp-tI« ]c-¸-\-§m-Sn. Xm-\qÀ F¶o Øe-§Ä IS¶p hn Xncq-cn F¯n.
"Iho-{µ-\m-cm-b-W-`-«-]m-Z-cmepw
ka-cm-[n-X-t\Xp iq{Z³
B \ms«-gp-¯-Ñ\p P·-`qhmw
Xp©³]-d-¼v, Chn-sS-bm-Wp-Å-Xv. ssIc-fn¡p kz´-amb Hc-£-c-am-ebpw hyà-amb Hcp `mjbpw Dm-¡n-s¡m-Sp¯ ae-bm-f-`m-j-bpsS ]nXm-hmb Xp-©¯m--Nm-cy-Kp-cp-tZ-hsc kvacn-¡msX Hcp ssIc-fn-`-à\v AXnse IS-¶p-t]m-hpI km²y-amtWm? ssIc-fn-bpsS B A`n-h-µy-]n-Xm-hnsâ tbmKy-Xm-\p-k-c-W-apÅ Hcp kvamcIw Xp©³]-d-¼nse aW-en s]m§n DbÀ¶p-Im-Wp-hm³ kzX-{´-`m-c-X-¯nsâ ]ptWym-Z-bw-hsc Hcp-]s£ \ap¡v Im¯n-cn-t¡--Xm-bn-h-t¶-¡mw. ]s£, kmc-an-Ã. Hmtcm ae-bm-fnbpw ae-bm-f-`m-j-bpw-Xs¶ At±-l-¯n-\pÅ kap-Nn-X-kvam-c-I-§-fm-Wv.
FS-¡fw (Xn-cp-\m-hm-b) Xoh-n-bm-¸o-kns\ KWy-am-¡msX hn HmSp-I-bm-Wv. Zqsc-¡m-Wp¶ B hnim-e-amb s\¸m-S-¯nsâ adp-`m-K-¯p-Iq-Sn-bmWv `mc-X-¸pg Hgp-Ip-¶-Xv. B {]tZ-i-¯nsâ Ncn-{X-s¯-¡p-dn-¨m-cm-W-[nIw HmÀ¡p-¶-Xv? Ncn{X{]kn-²-amb "Xncp-\m-hmb' Ahn-sS-bm-Wv. Xncp-\m-hmbm aW¸pdw hotcym-t¯-P-I-§-fmb F{X-sb{X ImgvN-IÄ¡p km£yw-h-ln-¨n-«pv? ]{´v sImÃ-§-fn Hcn-¡Â tIc-f-¯nse kIe cmPm-¡-·mcpw \mSp-hm-gn-Ifpw ssk\n-Icpw km[m-c-W-¡mcpw kÀÆ-hn-[m--Uw-_-c-§-tfm-Sp-IqSn BtLm-jn-¡m-dp-m-bn-cp¶ "amam¦ atlm-Õhw' F{X-Ipdn B aW¸pdw In-«p-v. tIc-f-¯nse F{X-sb{X cmPm-¡-·mÀ X½n-epÅ _e-]-cn-tim-[-\-Ifpw ]S--bm-fn-I-fpsS tZi-`àn {]-I-S-\-§fpw Ahn-sS-sh¨p \S-¶n-«p-v. aW¯-cn-I-fm amen\yw If-b-s¸« F{X-sb{X hoc-càw AXnse HgpIn `mc-X-¸p-g-bn ebn-¨n-«p-v. Xncp-\m-hm-b-bnse Hmtcm aW¯-cn¡pw Dm-hn-tÃ, Hmtcm hocIYIÄ
]d-bm³. ]{´-p-sIm--Ã-§-fn Hcn-¡Â tIc-f-¯nsâ cmjv{So-b-hpw, kmwkvIm-cn-I-hpw, ssk\n-I-hpw, kmap-Zm-bn-I-hp-amb Xe-Øm-\-am-Im-dpÅ Øe-atà AXv. kmaq-Xn-cn-¸m-Snsâ ]S-t¨-I-hÀs¡-X-n-cmbn N´p-®n-¸-Wn-¡À amdp-Im-«n, amäp-c¨p ac-W-a-Sª ambm-a-Wepw Chn-sS-¯-s¶-btà D-Å-Xv. tIc-f-km-ln-Xy-¯nsâ tIfo-cw-K-am-bn-cp¶ Cu {]tZiw C¶p "iq\y-Xbv¡p Ifn-¸m-s\m-cp-¡n-sh¨ Hcp If-'am-bn-cn-¡p-I-bm-Wv.
]«m-¼n, sjmÀ®qÀ, Hä-¸mew F¶o Øe-§sf ]n¶n«p hn e¡n-Sn-bn F¯n-\n-¶p. Xsâ Xp-Ÿm-«p-IÄsImv ssIc-fnsb XpÅn-¨mSn \r¯w-N-hn«n-¸n¨ Ip-©³\-¼ym-cpsS P·-Øew CXn-¶-Sp-¯m-Wv. Xncp--hn-ezm-a-e-bpw, InÅn-¡p-dn-Èn-aw-K-ehpw, Ie-¡-¯p-hoSpw Cu {]tZ-i-hp-ambn B alm-I-hn-¡p-m-bn-cp¶ _Ôw hnfn-¨p-]-d-bp-¶p.
"hnezm-New X¶n hmW-cp-fo-Sp¶
hnÃm-fn-ho-c-\mb {iocm-a-N-{µ-s\bpw
InÅn-¡p-dnÈn alm-tZ-h-t\bpw'
Adn-ªn-«n-Ãm¯ tIc-fo-bÀ C-¶m-cm-Wp-Å-Xv. Ip©-s\-¸än tI«Xpw ]Tn-¨-Xp-amb \nc-h[n cknIXzw \ndª IY-Ifpw sNmÃp-Ifpw H¶mbn akvXn-jv¡¯n¶p-Ån-te¡p Cc-¨p-I-b-dp-hm³ XpS-§n. At¼! At±lw Hcp temI alm-I-hn-bmbn Adn-b-s¸-Sm-Xn-cp-¶Xv tIc-f-¯nsâ ]cn[n tIhew CSp-§n-b-Xm-I-sIm-tÃ?
tX\-©o-Sn\ "KmY'bmsemcp alm³
Xmcm«n ap¼¼n-bþ
¶m\-µm-{ip-hn ap¡n asämcp almþ
[\y³ Infn-s¡m-©-emÂ
Zo\Xzw Ie-cmsX b\y kc-k³
XpÅn¨p X³ ]m«n-\mÂ
F¶p ssIc-fn-sb-¡p-dn¨v Bim³ ]d-ªn-«p-Å-Xv, KmYm IÀ¯m-hmb sNdp-tÈ-cn-tb-bpw, Infn-¸m«p IÀ¯m-hmb Xp©-s¯-gp-¯-Ñ-s\-bpw, XpÅÂIÀ¯m-hmb Ie-¡¯p Ip©³\-¼ym-scbpw Dt±-in-¨m-W-tÃm. Fsâ C¡p-dn-bs¯ Cu Xohn bm{Xm-hgn {Ia-¯nÂ
Cu aq¶p `mjm-I-hn-I-fp-sSbpw Poh-N-cn-{X-§-fp-ambn Gä-hp-a-[nIw _Ô-s¸-«n-«pÅ {]tZ-i-§-fn IqSn-bm-sW-t¶mÀ¯-t¸mÄ Hcp `mjm-`n-am-\n-sb¶ \nebv¡v F\n-s¡m-cm-\µw tXm¶n. hn He-h-t¡m-s«-¯n. CXn-¶-Sp-¯mWv ]me¡mSv.
sslZ-cn-sâbpw Sn¸p-hn-sâbpw IÀ®m-«nIv B{I-a-§-fn Ah-cpsS ssk\n-I-¯m-h-fhpw Xe-Øm-\-hpam-Im-dp-m-bn-cp¶ Hcp {]tZ-i-amWv ]me-¡m-Sv. ]me-¡ms« tIm«bv¡pw Hcp \o Ncn-{X-ap-v. hmf-bmÀIm«n--¶p-Ån-te¡p hn \pg-bp-hm³ XpS-§p-I-bm-Wv. tIc-f-t¯mSp bm{X-]-d-tb-p¶ Ah-km\ kµÀ`w. t\{Xm-h-Xn-¸p-g-ap-X I\ym-Ip-am-cn-hsc Fsâ a\-sÊmcp ]m¨n ]mªp. t]cmÀ, ]¼, s]cn-bmÀ F¶o ]pg-I-fpw, Ggn-a-e, ]pc-fn-a-e, Ac-§³ae, i_-cn-ae, thfn-ae apX-emb ae-I-fpw, sh¼-\m-Sv, AjvS-ap-Sn, Imbw--Ipfw apX-emb Imb-ep-I-fpw, Ime-Sn, ]g-Èn, Xncp-h«mÀ, XncqÀ, ssh¡w, hÀ-¡-e, sImSp-§-ÃqÀ, apX-emb {Kma-§-fpw, Xncp-h-\-´-]pcw, XriqÀ, Xe-tÈcn apX-emb ]«-W-§-fpw, sX§v, Ihp-§v, Ipcp-ap-f-Ip-hÅn apX-emb hr£-e-Xm-Zn-Ifpw Hcp sRmSn-bn-S-bv¡p-Ån Fsâ a\-ÊnÂIqsS ]mªp-t]m-bn. {ioi-¦-cm-Nm-cyÀ, Xp©-s¯-gp-¯-ѳ, tIc-f-h½ ]g-Èn-cm-P, Xt¨m-fn-H-tX-\³, Ip©³\-¼ymÀ, thep-¯-¼n, cm-Pm-tI-i-h-Zm-kv, amÀ¯m-Þ-hÀ½, {io\m-cm-b-W-Kp-cp, alm-Ihn Ipam-c-\m-im³ XpS-§nb BNm-cy-·m-sc-bpw, ]S-bm-fn-I-sf-bpw, Ihn-I-sf-bpw, kap-Zm-bnI ]cn-jv¡À¯m-¡-sfbpw {]k-hn¨ hoc-{]-kp-hmb tIc-f-t¯mSp lrZ-b-¯p-Sn-t¸m-Sp-IqSn bm{X-]-dªp R§Ä Xangv\m-«n-te¡p IS-¶p. ]ntä-Zn-hkw R§Ä _mw¥q-cnepw AXn-¶-Sp¯ Znhkw _Ãm-cn-bnepw F¯n. A¶p-cm{Xn t]meokv tem¡-¸n Ign-¨p-Iq-«p-Ibpw ]ntä Znhkw Ben-]pcw Pbn-en-te¡p t]meo-Êp-Im-cpsS AI-¼-Sn-tbm-Sp-Iq-Sn-bpÅ Hcp tLmj-bm{X ]pd-s¸-Sp-Ibpw sNbvXp. aq¶p-\m-gnI IS¶p R§Ä Ben-]pcw Pbn-ensâ ]Sn-bv¡-se-¯n. kwØm-\-¯nsâ aäp-]e `mK-§-fnÂ\n-¶p-ambn in£n-¡-s¸«p h¶n-«pÅ thsd \mÂ]-tXmfw cmjv{So-b-X-S-hp-Imcpw A¶p _Ãm-cn-ap-X R-§-fp-sS-IqsS Dm-bn-cp-¶p. R§Ä sKbn-än-se-¯p-t¼mÄ DÅnte¡pÅ {]th-i-\-¯n¶p ka-b-am-bn-cp-¶n-Ã.
R§-fpsSIqsS AI-¼-Sn-bmbn h¶ t]meo-Êp-ImÀ¡v R§sf C¯ncn _lp-am-\-ap-m-bn-cp-¶-Xp-sImv sKbn-än Dm-bn-cp¶ cp Itk-c-IÄ Nqn, AXn Ccn-¡-phm³ AhÀ R§-tfmSp ]d-ªp. Fsâ kvt\ln-X\pw Rm\pw Ahn-sS-bn-cn-¡p-Ibpw sNbvXp.
"Fgp-t¶-äp, t]m Ahn-Sp-¶v. Ccn-¡-hnsS \ne-¯v. CXp Pbn-em-Wv. F´m Adn-bnsÃ? Itk-c.'' Xan-gn Ah-Ú-tbm-Sp-Iq-Sn-bpÅ {Ip²n-X-amb Hcp kzcw R§-fpsS ]n¶nÂ\n¶v ImXp-I-fn ]Xn-ªp. Xncn-ªp-t\m-¡n-b-t¸mÄ B i_vZw R§-fp-sS-t\sc Bh-W-s¡® IpSn-¨m-ep-m-Ip-¶-Xp-t]m-epÅ Hcp apJ-¯nÂ\n¶v hen-s¨-dn-b-s¸-«-Xm-sW¶p a\-Ên-em-bn. AXnsâ DS-a-س Hc³]¯©p hbÊp {]mbw-sN¶ Im¡n bqWn-t^m-d-hpw, Ik-hp-sh¨ \oe Xe-s¡«pw [cn¨ Hcp XSn-b-\m-Wv. "dnkÀhv No^v hmÀUÀ' Pbn-en Abm-fpsS DtZym-K-t]-c-Xm-sW¶v ]n¶oSp a\-Ên-em-bn.
Itk-c-I-fnÂ\n¶v Fgp-t¶äv AbmÄ Nqn-¡m-Wn¨ Øe¯v \ne-¯n-cn-¡msX R§Ä Hcp XqWn-\-Sp¯p sN¶p \n¶p. R§-Ä \n¡p-¶Xv Pbn-ensâ ]Sn-¡-em-sW¶p Hcp sR«-tem-Sp-Iq-Sn-bmWv R-§Ä HmÀ½n-¸n-¡-s¸-«-Xv. GXp coXn-bn-epÅ s]cp-am-ä-amWv DÅnÂ\n¶v R§Ä¡p A\p-`-h-s¸-Sp-hm³ t]mIp-¶-sX-¶-Xnsâ Hcp kqN-\-bmWv sKbn-änÂ\n¶p In«n-b-Xv. Hcp Pbn-ep-tZym-KØsâ ap¼msI R§Ä B\-bn-¡-s¸-«p. R§-fpsS hkv{X-§-fpw, I¿n-epÅ aäp km[-\-§fpw GÂ]n-t¡-Xv At±-l-s¯-bm-Wv. At±lw AsXÃmw IW-¡n tNÀ¡p-Ibpw sNbvXp. sU]yq«n Pbn-eÀ F¶mWv B a\p-jysâ DtZym-K-t¸-cv. ]ucpjhpw, acym-Z-c-ln-X-hp-amb kzc-hpw, s]cp-am-ä-hp-amWv Ahn-sSbpw R§Ä¡v A\p-`-h-s¸-«-Xv. Hcp hmÀUÀ R§sf B]m-Z-NqUw ]cn-tim-[n-¨p. Ahsâ \mSyw Im {_n«ojv km{am-Py-Xz-¯nsâ \ne-\nÂ]n NÀ¨n-en-s\-¡mfpw XmÂ]cyw Ah-\m-sW¶p tXm¶n-t¸m-Ipw.
R§Ä¡p-thn Beo-]pcw Pbn-ensâ Ihm-S-§Ä Xpd-¡-s¸-«p. hnhn-[-§-fmb in£-IÄ¡p hn[n-¡-s¸-«-h-cmb R§Ä 45-þ-Hmfw cmjv{Sob XS-hp-ImÀ DÅn-te¡p IS-¶p. Rms\m¶p Xncn-ªp-t\m-¡n. Pbn-ensâ Ccp-¼p-I-hmSw R§-fpsS ]n¶n ASbp-I-bm-Wv. C\n AXv F\n-¡p-thn Xpd-¡-s¸-S-W-sa-¦n Fsâ cp-sIm-Ãs¯ in£m-hn[n Ign-b-Ww. AsÃ-¦n cmjv{So-b-ambn {][m-\-amb hà amä-§fpw Dm-I-Ww. F\n¡p cp-sImÃw Pohn-¡p-hm-\pÅ k¦p-Nn-X-hpw, c£m-c-ln-X-hp-amb Hcp sNdp-temIw Fsâ ap¼n-epw,
Rm³ Ct¸mÄ hn«p-I--gnª hnim-ehpw Xmc-X-tay\ kzX-{´-hp-amb Hcp henb `qtKmfw Xs¶ Fsâ ]n³]n-epw. Cu sNdnb temIs¯ hen-b-XnÂ\n¶v thÀXn-cn¨p \ndp-¯p-¶Xv Ce-Iv{SnIv I¼n-Ifpw, Ccp-¼p-ap-Åp-I-fp-apÅ I¼n-th-en-I-fp-am-Wv. ]pXnb temI-hp-ambn ]cn-Nbw k¼m-Zn-¡p-hm³ Fsâ I®p-Isf Rm³ \mep-]m-Sp-a-b-¨p. apdn-b³ Imep-d-bpw, _\n-b\pw [cn¨ XS-hp-Im-tc-bpw, Im¡n-bq-Wn-t^m-dhpw \oe-X-e-s¡«pw [cn¨ hmÀU-dp-am-sc-bp-a-ÃmsX aäm-scbpw ImWp-hm-\n-Ã. Hcp I«n-en-t·Â shÅ-¯p-Wn-bn s]mXnª Ft´m Hcp km[\w \mep XS-hp-ImÀIqSn Npa-¶p-sIm-p-h-cp-¶Xv Fsâ I®nÂs¸-«p. XpWn-bn s]mXnª km[\w Hcp a\p-jy-i-co-c-am-bn-cn-¡-W-sa-¶p-Xs¶ Rm³ XoÀ¨-s¸-Sp-¯n. bm{Xm-cw-`-¯n ihw IWn-Im-Wp-¶Xv \Ã-Xm-sW¶p Rm³ tI«n-«p-v. ChnsS Fsâ PbnÂbm-{X-bpsS Ah-km-\tam ih-ZÀi\w? acWw Pbnen Hcp \nXy-kw-`-htam? hmÀU-dp-am-cpsS XÃp-IÄsImpw aäpw Pbn-ep-I-fn XS-hp-ImÀ acn-¡m-dp-s¶pw aäpw ap¼p tI«n-«pÅ ]gw-I-Y-IÄ F\n-t¡mÀ½-h-¶p.
]s£ Rm³ ih-sa¶p hnNm-cn-¨Xv ih-am-bn-cp-¶n-Ã. XS-hp-ImÀ¡v `£n-¡p-hm-\pÅ tNmdv A¨n-en-«-Sn¨p \nc¯n XpWn-sIm-p-aq-Sn-s¡m-p-t]m-Ip¶ ImgvN-bm-bn-cp¶p Rm³ I-Xv. Pbn-en-\p-Ån Hmtcm XS-hp-Im-c\pw Hcp IrXy-amb Xq¡-¯n-emWv tNmdp sImSp-¡p-I. tKmX-¼p-sdm-«nbpw aäpw Dm-¡p-¶-Xp-t]m-epÅ A¨p-I-fn Hcp henb ssSw]o-knsâ BIr-Xn-bn A¨n-en-«-Sn-¨n-«mWv Pbn-ep-I-fn tNmdp In«p-I. Pbn-en C¯cw tNmdns\ "ap±' F¶mWv t]À ]d-bp-I. AXp F´p `mj-bm-sW-¶-dn-ªp-Iq-Sm.
R§Ä B\-bn-¡-s¸-«Xv tNmdpw, I-dn-Ifpw X¿m-dm-¡p¶ Hcp henb ^mIvS-dn-bn-te-¡m-Wv. Pbn-ense P\-d In¨-Wn (s]m-Xp-A-Sp-¡-f) tNmdpw, Idnbpw Dm-¡p¶ {]hr-¯n-bn A³]-tXmfw Bfp-IÄ _²-{i-²-cmbn Ccn-¡p-¶-XmWv R§Ä AhnsS I-Xv. R§-fn Hmtcm-cp-¯À¡pw Hmtcm "ap±'bpw IptdsÈ Idnbpw k¼m-Zn¨v R§Ä DuWp Ign-¨p. Ccp-¼p-]m-{X-¯n ]mIw sNbvX tNmdn-sâbpw, Idn-bp-tSbpw aWw R§Ä¡p Xosc lrZy-am-bn-Ã. Idn-bp-m-¡n-bn-cp-¶Xp \ap-¡mÀ¡pw ]nSn-¡m¯ coXn-bn-ep-am-bn-cp-¶p. Pbn-en km[m-c-W-bmbn XS-hp-ImÀ¡v sImSp-¡p¶ Idn¡v "_pkp'
F¶mWv t]À ]d-bp-I. tNmdpw, Idn-Ifpw BZy-Im-e-§-fn lrZy-§-fm-bn-cp-¶n-sÃ-¦nepw ]cn-N-bw-sIm-pw, KXy-´-c-an-Ãm-ª-Xp-sImpw {Ia-¯n Ah lrZy-§-fmbn tXm¶n.
DuWp-I-gn-ª-Xn-\p-tijw R-§-fpsS hkv{X-§-sfÃmw Agn¨p sImSp¯p Pbn-ep-Sp-¸p-IÄ [cn-¨p. Hmtcm-cp-¯À¡pw Cu cp apdn-b³ Imep-I-fpw, _\n-b-\pw, Iu]o-\-hpw, tXmÀ¯pw, sXm¸n-bp-amWv Pbn-enÂ\n¶v sImSp-¡p¶ hkv{X-§Ä. B \nan-jw-ap-X R§fpw Pbn-ense 2000-þ-t¯mfw hcp¶ P\-kw-Jy-bn ebn-¨p-I-gn-ªp. kv{XoIfpw sIm¨p-Ip-«n-I-fp-an-Ãm-¯, ]oSn-I-I-fpw, sXcp-hp-I-fp-an-Ãm-¯, B sNdp-{Km-a-¯nse ]uc-k-©-b-¯n R§fpw tNÀ¶p-I-gn-ªp. ]cn-N-b-¡m-cpw, ]cn-N-b-an-Ãm-¯-hcpw R§sf Xnc-¡n-h-¶p. Hcp t»m¡nÂ\n¶v asämcp t»m¡n-te¡v XS-hp-ImÀ IS-¶p-sN-Ãp-¶-Xns\ A[n-Ir-X-·mÀ A¡m-e¯v IÀi-\-ambn XSªn-cp-¶p.
Beo-]pcw Pbn-ense 1942-þse `b-¦-c-amb em¯n-NmÀÖv Ign-ªn«v H¶-c-am-kta Bbn-cp-¶p-Åq. ]{X-§Ä¡pw, Fgp-¯p-IÄ¡pw Pbn-en {]th-i-\-an-Ãm-Xn-cp-¶-Xp-sImv ]pd¯p \n¶p hcp¶ Hmtcm-cp-¯-tcbpw hÀ¯-am-\-§Ä¡p-thn A\-h[n Bfp-IÄ hf-ªp-Iq-SpI F¶p-ÅXv A¡m-e-§-fn ]Xn-hm-bn-cp-¶p.- R-§sf 15-þmw t»m¡n-emWv {]th-in-¸n-¨n-cp-¶-Xv. 15-þmw t»m¡n-tâbpw 16-þmw t»m¡n-tâbpw a²y-¯n Hcp sNdnb Hmhp-Nm-ep-IS¶v XS-hp-ImÀ¡v At§m-«p-an-t§m«pw t]mIp-hm³ ]mSn-sÃ-¶m-bn-cp¶p A¶s¯ \nÝ-bw. Cu cp t»m¡p-Ifpw X½n-epÅ AIew GXmv Hcp ap¸-Xp-hmc am{X-am-Wv. ]s£ cp cmPy-§-fnse Bfp-I-sf-t]m-se-bmWv Cu cp t»m¡p-I-fn-tebpw Bfp-IÄ Pbn \n-b-a-¯nsâ ap¼n-e-¡m-e¯v Pohn-¨n-cp-¶-Xv. a²y-¯n-epÅ Hmhp-Nm-en\v \nb-a-ZrjvSym Cw¥o-jvNm-\-en-sâ-tbm, ]m¼³ IS-en-Sp-¡n-tâtbm hoXn-bp-s¶v R§Ä¡¶p tXm¶n-bn-cp-¶p. hmÀU-·m-cpsS I®nÂs]-SmsX "IS IS¶p' Nne ae-bmfn l\p-am-·mÀ 16-þmw t»m¡n \n¶p 15-þte¡p h¶p, AXp-h-sc-bpÅ FÃm hÀ¯-am-\-§fpw (]-{X-§-fn-en-Ãm¯ hÀ¯-am-\-§-fpw) R§-fnÂ\n¶v tiJ-cn¨v t»m¡p-IÄtXmdpw hnX-cWw sN¿p-hm³thn ]pd-s¸-«p-t]m-bn. cp-aq¶p Znh-k-§Ä Ign-ª-t¸m-tg¡p R§-fn \n¶p ]pd-s¸-«-sX¶p ]d-b-s¸-Sp¶ ]e hÀ¯-am-\-§fpw ]e-hn-[-¯n Xcw-am-dn-bpw, Ae-t¦m-e-s¸-«pw, AXn-i-tbmàn
tNÀ¯pw P-bn-en {]N-cn-¡p-¶p-s¶v R§Ä¡p a\-Ên-em-bn. ]{X-§Ä A\p-h-Zn-¡m¯ Pbn-en-se-t]mse Inwh-Z-´n-IÄ¡p {]-Nmcw In«m-hp¶ Øe-§Ä thsd-bn-Ã.
BZys¯ Znhkw cm{Xn Rm³ kpJ-am-bp-d-§n. aq¶p-Zn-h-k-§-tfmfw bm{X-bnepw t]meokv tÌj-\n-ep-am-bn-cp-¶-Xp-sImv \s¶ £oWw tXm¶n-bn-cp-¶p. Ime¯p 4 aWn¡v ]e-hn-[-¯nepw ]e `mj-I-fnepw DÅ IoÀ¯-\-§fpw, tÇmI-§-fpw, Km\-§-fpw, i_vZ-§-fpw-tI«v Rm\p-d-¡-ap-WÀ¶p.- IÀ®m-S-I-¯n-epÅ cmjv{SobKm\w Hcp `mK¯v, htµ-am-Xcw asäm-cn-S-¯v, sXep-¦p-IoÀ¯\w thsdm-cn-S-¯v, Xan-gv]m«v C\n-sbm-cn-S-¯v. NneÀ Xe-Ip¯n Imep-bÀ¯p-¶p, aäp-Nn-eÀ thsd Nne A`ym-k-§Ä ImWn-¡p-¶p, NneÀ izmkw hen-¡p-¶p, NneÀ IqÀ¡w hen-¡p-¶p. I®p Xpd¶p t\m¡n-b-t¸mÄ I ImgvN-I-fm-Wn-h-sb-Ãmw. ]ecpw Pbn-en-tev¡p-h¶ BZy-Im-e-am-bn-cp-¶-Xp-sImv Btcm-Ky-¯n¶p Pbn Pohn-Xw-sImpw tIm«-sam¶pw ]än-bn-«n-Ãm-Xn-cp-¶-Xp--sImpw Ipsd Znh-k-§-tfmfw CsX-Ãm-a-§s\ \S-¶p. ]n¶oSp {ItaW Hmtcm¶pw Ipd-ªp-h-¶p. ]m«pw, IkÀ¯p-I-sfm¶pw A{X km[m-c-W-a-Ãm-Xm-bn. Fs¶-t¸m-ep-Å-hÀ¡v Dd-¡-¯n-\pÅ iey-§fpw \o§n-Xp-S-§n. cmhnse t\cw shfp-¡p-¶-Xn-\p-ap¼v hmÀUÀamÀ "ss^Â' "ss^Â' F¶ i_vZ-hp-ambn tem¡¸p Xpd-¡p-hm-s\-¯pw. \hw-_À amk-am-bn-cp-¶-Xp-sImv Ime¯p aªnÂIqSn I¿n em¯n-I-fp-ambn hmÀUÀamÀ AXn-cm-hnse \S-¶p-h-cp-¶Xp Im Hcp-Iq«w ivaim-\-`q-X-§-fm-W-h-sb¶p tXm¶pw. "ss^Â', "ss^Â' F¶ i_vZw tI«m XS-hp-Im-scÃmw Hmtcm hcn-bn \¶m-ep-t]-cmbn hcn-h-cn-bmbn Ccn-¡-Ww. XS-hp-Im-cpsS F®w t\m¡p-hm-\pw, cm{Xn-bn Bsc-¦nepw NmSn-t]m-bn-«ptm F¶p ]cn-tim-[n-¡p-hm-\p-apÅ Dt±-i-§-fmWv Cu "ss^Â' en\p-Å-Xv. Znhkw cmhn-tebpw, sshIp-t¶-chpw "ss^Â' Dv. Hcp Ipdn Hcp ]pXnb Pbn-eÀ At±-l-¯nsâ hI-bpÅ Hcp Pbn ]cn-jv¡-c-W-ambn D¨-bvs¡mcp ]pXp "ss^Â' thW-sa¶v IÂ]n-¨p. A§s\ ]n¶oSv Znh-k-¯n aq¶p "ss^Â' Bbn.
Beo-]p-c-¯nsâ Ncn{Xw
Hmtcm Znh-k-hp-sa-gp-t¶äp I¼n-th-en-¡-¸p-d¯v shfn-bn-te¡p
t\m¡n-bm _Ãm-cn-bnse Ncn-{X-{]-kn-²-amb aew-tIm-«-bmWv BZyw ImWp-I. Cu ae-bpw, tIm-«bpw _Ãmcn ]«-W-¯n-s\-¶-Xp-t]mse Beo]pcw Pbn-en\pw Hcp Imh¡m-c-\m-Wv. Pbn-ense hnc-f-amb Pohn-X-¯n \nÀPo-h-h-kvXp-¡-tfmSp-t]mepw Poh-\p-Å-h-tbm-sS-¶-t]mse kvt\lw tXm¶m-hp¶ kµÀ`-§-fp-s¶v ]Þnäv Ph-lÀemÂs\lvdp Xsâ Bß IY-bn-se-gp-Xn-bn-«p-v. _Ãm-cn-tIm-«-tbmSv A¯-c-¯n-epÅ Hcp kvt\lw F\n¡v BZyw apX¡p-Xs¶ tXm¶n-bn-cp-¶p. t»m¡p-IÄ¡p-Ån R§sf hebw sNbvXn--cp¶ Ccp-¼-gn-IÄ¡n-S-bnÂIqSn F{X-sb-¦nepw t\cw B Ncn-{X-k-´-Xn-bmb ae-t¦m-«-tbmSv hm¡p-I-fpsS klm-bw-Iq-SmsX Rm³ kw`m-jWw \S-¯n-bn-«p-v. B tIm« R§sf B\-µn-¸n-¡p-hm³thn BIÀj-Wo-b-§-fmb ]e tamSn-Ifpw Nne-t¸mÄ AWn-bm-dp-v. ]qÀ®-N-{µn-I-bn kKu-chw Xe-bp-bÀ¯n \n¡p¶ AXnsâ \nÂ]v I®p-IÄs¡m-cp-Õ-h-am-Wv. ag-s]-¿p¶ kµÀ`-§-fn B Ip¶pw tIm«bpw ]e-hn[ ]In-«p-Ifpw Im«m-dp-v. Nne-t¸mÄ AXnse IS-¶p-t]m-Ip¶ Nne taL-§-sf ]nSn¨v AXv Xe-bn NqSpw, AXv B\-µ-{]-Z-amb Hcp ImgvN-bm-Wv. aäp Nne-t¸mÄ kmc-\o-e-amb BIm-is¯ Aw_-c-am-bp-Sp-¯p-sImv hÀ®-¸-In-«pÅ Nne I-©p-I-§-sf-Sp¯p ]pX-¨p-sImp \n¡p-¶Xp ImWmw. _Ãmcn tIm«bv¡p al-¯mb Hcp Ncn-{X-ap-v. B aew-tIm-«-bpsS Ncn-{X-¯n-te¡v ]e-t¸mgpw AsXs¶ £Wn-¨n-«p-v. hn{ip-X-]-cm-{I-an-bmb sslZ-cm-en-bpsS Ncn-{X-hp-am-bn-«mWv Cu tIm« A[n-Ihpw _Ô-s¸-«n-«p-Å-Xv. ssakqÀ, alm-cm-jv{S, sslZ-cm-_m-Zv, {_n«ojv F¶o iàn-IÄ X½n-ep-mb ]e bp²-§-fnepw _Ãm-cn-tIm« h³]n¨ ]¦p-h-ln-¨n-«p-v. tIm« sslZ-cmen ]Wn-X-XmtWm F¶v \nÝ-b-an-Ã. ]s£ sslZ-cm-en-bpsS t]cp-ambn tIm«bv¡p ]pdsa Beo-]p-chpw _Ô-s¸-«m-Wn-cn-¡p-¶-Xv. Beo-]p-c-¯n-\m-t]cp h¶-Xp-Xs¶ sslZ-cm-en-bn \n¶m-W-s{X.
sslZ-cpsS Ime¯v At±-l-¯nsâ IpXn-cm-e-b-§-fmbn D]-tbm-Kn-¡-s¸« Øe-¯mWv Ct¸mÄ Beo-]pcw Pbn DÅ-sX¶v ]d-b-s¸-Sp-¶p. hnP-b-\-Kc km{amPyw Hu¶-Xy-¯nsâ ]c-a-Im-jvT-bn-se-¯n-bn-cp-¶-t¸mÄ, AXm-bXv kp{]-kn² hnP-b-\-Kc km{am-«m-bn-cp¶ IrjvW-tZ-h-cm-b-cpsS Ime-¯v, Cu {]tZiw At±-l-¯nsâ ssk\oI
Xmh-f-am-bn-cp-¶p-sh¶pw {]kvXm-h-ap-v. hnP-b-\-K-c-km-{am-Py-¯nsâ Xe-Øm-\-am-bn-cp¶ hnP-b-\-Kc alm-\-K-c-¯nsâ Ah-in-jvS-§Ä _Ãm-cn-bn \n¶pw ap¸-tXmfw \mgnI AI-se-bpÅ "lw]n' F¶ {Kma-¯nepw ]cn-k-c-§-fnepw Ct¸mgpw ImWmw. B alm-\-K-c-¯nsâ NpS-e-¡-f-amb lw]n-{Kmaw `mc-Xob Ncn-{X-¯n-epw, kwkvIm-c-¯nepw IpXp-In-I-fmb \nc-h[n kµÀi-I-·msc Znh-kw-tXmdpw BIÀjn-¡p-¶p-v. cp `mc-Xob km{am-«p-I-fm-bn-cp¶ IrjvW-tZ-h-cm-b-dp-tSbpw sslZ-cm-en-bp-sSbpw Ncn-{X-§-fp-ambn _Ô-s¸« Cu {]tZ-i¯v B[p-\n-I-`m-c-X-¯nse tZim-`n-am-\n-I-fmb kzmX-{´y`S·msc _Ô-\-¯n h¨n-cn-¡p¶ Imcm-Kr-l-amWv Ct¸mÄ ØnXn-sN-¿p-¶-sX¶ hmkvXhw hyk-\-t¯m-Sp- Iq-Sn-b-ÃmsX Hcp `mc-Xo-b\v kvacn-¡m-hp-¶-X-Ã.
C´y-bpsS H¶mw-kzm-X{´y kacw
C´ym-N-cn-{X-¯n in]m-bn-e-lf F¶ t]cn hnh-cn-bv¡-s¸-Sp¶ 1857-þse C´y-bnse H¶m-as¯ kzm-X-{´y-k-a-c-¯n-\p-tijw 1859þ apX Cu {]tZiw Hcp {_n«ojv ssk\nI kt¦-X-ambn D]-tbm-Kn-¡-s¸-«n-«p-v. Hcp kzX-{´-`m-c-Xob km{am-«m-bn-cp¶ IrjvW-tZ-h-cm-b-cpsS ssk\nI kt¦-Xw, hntZ-io-b-cmb {_n«o-jp-Im-cpsS ]«m-f-]m-f-b-am-bn. AXpw hoc-`m-c-X-¯nsâ Acp-a-k-´m-\-§-fm-bn-cp¶ Xm´n-bm-tXm-¸n, Qm³kn- dm-Wn e£vao-`mbv apX-em-b-h-cpsS kp[o-c-amb t\Xr-Xz-¯n \S¶ C´y³ kzmX-{´y-kac-s¯-t¸m-ep-Å, D{K-k-a-c-§Ä hopw Dm-Ip-¶-Xns\ XS-bp-hm-\pÅ ap³I-cp-X-ep-I-fm-bn«pw Beo-]p-cs¯ ]«m-f-]m-fbw Hcp Ime¯v `mc-Xm-`n-am-\-¯nsâ hnP-b-]-XmI Bbn-cp-¶p-sh-¦n C¶Xpw Ahn-Sps¯ Pbnepw `mc-Xob ASn-a-Xz-¯nsâ eÖm-`m-c-§-fm-Wv.
Beo-]pcw Pbn-em-bXv
Beo-]pcw Pbn-en-¶p-Xs¶ sNdp-sX-¦nepw kw`-h-_-lp-e-amb Hcp Ncn-{X-ap-v. t_mhÀbp²w \S-¡p-t¼mÄ {_n«o-jp-ImÀ U¨p-Imsc XS-hn sh¡p-hm-\mWv BZy-ambn Beo-]pcw Pbn Xpd-¶-Xv. Cu ]«m-f-¯m-h-f-¯nse FSp-¸p-IÄ ]n¶oSp XS-hp-ap-dn-I-fmbn D]-tbm-Kn-¨Xv 1914-þse H¶mw-tem-I-a-lm-bp-²-Im-e-¯m-Wv. A¶p
PÀ½³Im-cpsS klm-bn-I-fm-bn-cp¶ XpÀ¡n-Isf XS-hp-Im-cmbn ]nSn-¨-t¸mÄ Ah-sc-sbÃmw XS-hn-en-«n-cp-¶Xv Beo-]p-c-¯n-em-bn-cp-¶p. XpÀ¡n-I-fmb bp²-¯-S-hp-Imscbmbn-cp¶p ChnsS XS§-enÂh-¨-Xv. ]n¶oSp 1921-þse ae-_mÀ el-f-¡m-e-¯mWv Beo-]pcw Pbn `qtemI\-c-I-ambn XoÀ¶-Xv. el-f-bn XS-hp-Im-cmbn ]nSn¨ `qcn-]£w am¸n-f-am-tcbpw Poh-t\msS ad-hp-sN-bvXXv Beo-]p-c-¯m-Wv. 17,000(]-Xn-t\-gm-bn-cw)t¯mfw am¸n-f-amÀ Cu Pbn-en-ep-m-bn-cp-¶p-h-t{X. Ahsc N§-e-¡n«v Xf-¨n-cp¶ Ccp-¼p-Ip-än-IÄ C¶pw Beo-]pcw Pbn-ense t»m¡p-I-fn-epw, hcm-´-I-fn-epw, apä¯pw ImWp-hm-\p-v. apgp-h³ XS-hp-ImÀ¡pw InS-¡p-hm³ t»m¡p-I-fn Øe-an-Ãm-Xn-cp-¶-Xp-sImv shfn-bn sjÍp-IÄsI«n Ah-bn A\-h[n Bfp-Isf N§-e-bnÂsI«n _Ôn-¨n-cp-¶p-h-s{X. _Ãm-cn-bnse Cu Xo¨q-f-bn Bbn-c-am-bncw am¸n-f-amÀ hdp-¡-s¸-«n-«p-v. s]mcn-bp¶ aW-enÂ\n¶p s]m§nhcm-dpÅ am¸n-f-am-cpsS Zo\-tcm-Z-\-§Ä tIÄ¡p-hm³ lrZ-b-an-Ãm¯ Pbn-ep-tZym-K-Ø-·m-cpw, Poh-\n-Ãm¯ Ip¶p-Ifpw am{Xta Dm-bn-cp-¶pÅq A¡m-e¯v a\p-jy-Po-hnXw Xs¶ aSp-¯p-I-gnªv ac-W-a-Sª am¸n-f-am-cpsS kwJy hf-sc-bp-m-bn-cn-¡-Ww. a\p-jy-Xzs¯ shÃp-hn-fn-¨p-sImv a\p-jy\p a\p-jy-t\mSp sN¿m³ km[n-¡p-¶-sXÃmw am¸n-f-am-tcmSp sN¿-s¸-«n-«p-v. Pbn-en sh¨p acn¨ am¸n-f-amsc adhp sNbvXn-cn-¡p¶ Øew Hcp shfp-¯-`n-¯n-bm ad-bv¡-s¸« \ne-bn Beo-]pcw Pbn-ensâ Nne aqe-I-fnÂ\n¶p t\m¡n-bm ImWm-hp-¶-Xm-Wv. B Øew A¡m-e¯v B am¸n-f-amÀ¡p Pbn-en-s\-¡mÄ Imay-ambn tXm¶n-bn-cn-bv¡-Ww. am¸n-f-am-cpsS t{]X-§Ä B ivaim-\-`q-an-bn kt½-fn-bv¡m-dp-s-¦n Pbn-e-\p-`-h-§-sf-¡p-dn-¨m-tem-Nn-bv¡p-t¼mÄ Ahn-sS-\n¶v c£-s¸-«-tXmÀ¯p AhÀ BËm-Zw-sImp XnaÀ¡p-¶p-mhpw. R§-sf-¡p-dn¨v Ah-sc-´m-Wmthm hnNm-cn-¡p-I. Beo-]p-c-¯n t{]X-§Ä¡pÅ B "]mIn-Øm-\n' R§Ä Nn´m-hn-j-b-§-fm-Im-dptm? Bthm?
1930-þ alm-ßm-Km-Ôn-bpsS ZÞn-bm-{X-tbm-Sp-Iq-Sn-bm-cw-`n¨ \nb-a-ew-L-\-{]-Øm-\-Im-e-¯mWv Beo-]pcw Pbn tIm¬{K-Êp-ImÀ¡v H¶m-a-Xmbn kzmK-X-acpfn-b-Xv.tIcf-¯n \n¶p-Å Hcp [À½-`-S³ ]¿-¶pÀ kztZinbmb Ipªncm-a³ ASn-tbmSn Nc-a-KXn {]m]n-¨Xv
A¡m-e-¯-hn-sS-h-¨m-Wv. -A-Sn-tbm-Sn Ben]pcw Pbnemip]{Xn-bn Xsâ acWi-¿-bn InS-¡p-t¼mÄ At±l¯nsâ A½m-h³ acp-a-I\v tcmKw AXym-k-¶-am-sW-¶-dnªv Pbn-en ImWm³ h-¶p. Zqc¯p \n¶p-Xs¶ A½m-as\I acp-a-I³ A½m-a³ [cn-¨Xv JZÀ hkv{X-a-söp a\-Ên-em-¡nb DSs\ JZÀ [cn-¡msX Bcpw-Xs¶ ImWp-hm³ htc-s¶v tIm]n-jvT-\mbn ]dªp. A½m-a³ t]mIp-¶-Xp-hsc At±-l-t¯m-sSm-c-£-cw-t]mepw Dcn-bm-Sn-bn-Ã. ]ntä-Zn-hkw A½m-a³ JZÀ-h-kv{Xhpw [cn-¨p-sIm-mWv A\-´n-c-hs\ ImWp-hm³ h¶-Xv. ]¿-¶q-cnÂ\n¶v hn-¡q-enbpw Nne-hp-sNbvXv _p²n-ap-«p-Ifpw kln¨v ac-W-i-¿-bn InS-¡p¶ A\-´n-c-hs\ Hcp t\m¡p-Im-Wp-hm³ kvt\lm-Xn-tc-Iw-sImv [rXn-s¸-«p-h¶ amXp-e-t\mSv JZÀ [cn-¡m-Xn-cp-¶-Xp-sImv IS-¶p-t]m-Ip-hm³ Bh-iy-s¸« BZÀ-i-im-en-bmb B tIc-fo-b-bp-hmhv C´y³ kzmX-{´y-¯n-\p-thn Xsâ A´y-izm-k-aÀ¸n-¨Xv Beo-]p-cs¯ Cu _en-th-Zn-bn-em-Wv.
\nb-a-ew-L-\-{]-Øm\w Ah-km-\n-¨-tXm-Sp-IqSn Beo-]pcw Iym¼v Pbn ]q«p-I-bm-Wp-m-b-Xv. ]n¶oSv hop-aXp tIm¬{K-Êp-ImÀ¡p-thn Xpd-¶Xv 1940 se hyàn-k-Xy{K-l-t¯m-Sp-Iq-Sn-bm-Wv. A¡m-e¯v [mcmfw kXy{K-ln-I-fpw, I½yqWn-Ìp-Im-cpw, ChnsS XS-hp-Im-cm-bn-cp-¶n-«p-v. hyàn-k-Xy{K-l¯n\ptijw Cu Pbn ]q«n-bn-cp-¶n-Ã. 1942-þ Bcw-`n¨ "Iznäv C´ym' tZio-b-k-a-c-¯n aq¶p amk-§-fn Ihnª in£-bp-Å-h-sc-sbÃmw kwØm-\-¯nsâ \m\m-`m-K-§-fnÂ\n¶v Chn-tS-¡mWp sImp-h-¶-Xv. in£n¡-s¸« cmjv{Sob XS-hp-Imsc apgp-h\pw tI{µo-I-cn-¨-X-nhn-sS-bm-Wv. Hcp Ime¯v cm-bn-c-¯nÂ-]cw cmjv{So-b-¯-S-hp-ImÀ Chn-sS-bp-m-bn-cp-¶p. kacw kw_-Ôn¨v aq¶p amkw-ap-X Poh-]-cy-´w-h-sc-bpÅ hnhn[ in£-IÄ¡v hn[n¡s¸-«n-«p-Å-h-cm-W-hÀ.
]cn-k-c-§fpw Imem-h-Øbpw
Pbn-enÂ\n¶v ]pdt¯¡p t\m¡n-bm ImWm-hp-¶ {][m\ImgvN _Ãm-cn-t¡m-«-bpw, Ip¶p-am-sW¶p ]d-ªp-h-tÃm. F¶m tIm«-bpÅ Cu Ip¶n-\p-]p-d-sa, Pbn-ensâ Npäp-]m-Spw, AI-se-bmbn A\-h[n Ip¶p-I-fp-v. ]s£ Cu Ip¶p-I-sf-Ãmw-Xs¶ I®n\v B\-µ-t¯-¡mÄ I®n Ic-Sm-bn-«mWv A\p-
`-h-s¸-Sm-dv. {]Ir-Xn-ku-µcyw Hcp I®n-\p-t]m-ep-anà shdpw ]md¡q¼mc-§-fm-W-h-sb-Ãmw. ssZh-¯m Dt]-£n-¡-s¸« (God forsaken) Øe-sa¶v Cw¥o-jn ]d-b-s¸-Sm-dpÅ Øe-§-fn-sem-¶m-Wn-hn-S-sa¶p ]d-bmw. R§-fpsS Npäp-]mSpw I¼n-th-en-I-fp-v. then-bn-epÅ Nne I¼n-I-fnÂIqSn hnZyp-Xv{]-hm-l-ap-v. XS-hp-ImÀ hÃ-hcpw PbnÂNm-Sp-hm³ {ian-¡p-I-bm-sW-¦n I¼n-I-fnÂX«n sshZyp-Xo-I-cn-¡-s¸-Sp-hm-\pÅ Dt±-i-amWv Cu I¼n-IÄ¡p-Å-Xv. \mbv¡-fpw, BSp-Ifpw Nne-t¸mÄ Cu I¼n-I-fnÂX«n t]mb-Xnsâ ^e-ambn \ne-hn-fn-¨p-sImv ac-W-a-S-bp-¶Xv R-§Ä In-«p-v. I¼n-I-fpsS A¸p-d¯v dnkÀhv t]meo-kp-ImÀ tXm¡pw [cn¨v kZm-bvt¸mgpw ]mdmhp \S-¡p-¶Xp ImWmw. Pbn-ensâ ap¶n ]«m-f-]m-f-b-am-Wv. ]«m-f-¡m-cpsS Ihm-¯p-Ifpw ]cn-io-e-\-§fpw R§Ä¡v Pbn-en \n¶v ImWmw. bp²-k-lm-bn-I-fmb ]«m-f-¡mcpw bp²-hn-tcm-[n-I-fmb tIm¬{K-Êp-Imcpw X½n Beo-]p-c-¯n Hcp I¼n-th-en-bpsS AI-e-ta-bp-Åq.
hnNn-{X-amb Imem-h-Ø-bmWv s_Ãm-cn-¡p-Å-Xv. XWp-¸p-Im-es¯ XWp-¸pw, th\¡m-es¯ NqSpw s_Ãm-cn-bn Ak-l-\o-b-am-Wv. ag-¡mew Fs¶mcp Imew Chn-sS-bn-Ã. Ft¸m-sg-¦nepw Nne ag-s]-bvsX-¶p-h-cpw. Imem-hØ amdp-¶Xv A¡m-es¯ I½yq-Wn-Ìp-ImÀ \bw-am-dn-b-t]m-se-bm-Wv. C¶se Ie-i-emb XWp-¸p-m-bn-cp-¶p-sh-¦n C¶p Ie-i-emb NqSp-m-sb-¶p-h-cmw. HcpZnhkw I®p-Im-Wm³ h¿m-¯-co-Xn-bn aªp-ho-gp-¶p-s¶pw hcmw.
1943-þse Zo]m-hen R-§Ä¡v kvac-Wo-b-amb Hcp Zn\-am-Wv. A¶-s¯-t¸m-epÅ aª-v \o-e-Kncn ae-I-fpsS sImSp-ap-Sn-bmb tUmU-s_-«-bn Rms\m-cp-Ipdn In-«p-m-bn-cp¶XÃmsX asä-hn-sSbpw AXn-\p-ap¼p In-cp-¶n-Ã. ASp¯p \n¡p¶ Bfp-Isf Xncn-¨-dn-bp-hm³ km[n-¨n-cp-¶n-Ã. Ipd-¨p-Zqcw shÅ-s¯m-«n-bn \n¶p shÅw tImcn Ipfn-¨p-sIm-n-cp¶ Bfp-Isf Im AhÀ t{]X-temIhmkn-I-fmWv F¶v
Ihn-IÄ¡ptÃJn-¡p-hm³ tXm¶pw. P-bnepw I¼n-th-en-Ifpw hmÀU-dp-am-cp-saÃmw Ab-YmÀ°-am-sW¶v hà thZm-´n-Ifpw ]d-ªm hnizmkw tXm¶n-¡p¶ Hc-´-co-£w. s]s«-s¶mcp Imf AXns\ sI«nb hnbpw hen¨v Pbn hf-¸nÂIqSn Hm«w XpS-§n. Pbn-en-te¡p ]m sImp-h¶ hn-bm-bn-cp¶p AXv. hn-¡m-c³ Xmsg-bn-d-§nb X¡w-t\m¡n Imfhnbpw hen-¨p-sImv HmSn-b-XmWv. A¶s¯ B {]`m-X-¯n A§s\ Hcp ]Wn]än¨ Imf XoÀ¨-bmbpw kc-k-\m-Wv. Imf-bpsS aWn-In-ep-¡-hpw, hn-bpsS IS-i-S-i-_vZhpw ]e `mK-§-fn \n¶p-ambn tIÄ¡p--t¼m-sgÃmw Bfp-IÄ `b-N-In-X-cmbn At§m-«p-an-t§m-«p-tam-Sp-I-X-s¶. aªnsâ ImTn\yw \nan¯w Zqc¯p\n¶v Imf-tb-bpw, hn-tbbpw ImWp-hm³ Ign-ªn-cp-¶n-Ã. F-¨v. Pn. shÂknsâ "AZr-iy-a-\p-jy³' F¶ ]pkvX-I-¯n I®p-am{Xw AZr-iy-am-¡p-hm³ km[n-¡p-¶-Xn-\p-ap³]p HmSn-¡-fª Hc-Zr-iy-amÀÖm-c-Isâ Hm«w-sIm-p-mb {]mcm-_v[-§-fpw, A¼-c-¸p-Ifpw hÀ®n-¡p-¶p-v. A¯-c-¯n-epÅ Hcp A¼-c-¸pw, `b-hp-am-bn-cp¶p Zo]m-h-en-Zn-hkw B-eo-]pcw Pbn-en-ep-m-bn-cp-¶-Xv. an¶p¶ cp I®p-IÄ bmsXm-cm-ew-_hpw IqSmsX hmbp-hnÂIqSn HmSn-h-cp¶ ImgvN-bmWv AZr-iy-]q-¨-sb-sIm-p-m-b-sX-¦nÂ, i_vZw am{Xw hmbp-hn HmSn-h-cp¶ Hc-\p-`-h-amWv AZr-iy-Im-f-sb-s¡mv A¶p R§Ä¡pm-b-Xv. DÃmk-§-fpw, hnt\m-Z-§fpw hnc-f-amb Pbn-en R§-fp-sS-bn-S-bn hen-sbm-scm¨-¸mSpw, tImem-l-ehpw tImfn-f-¡hpw Dm-¡nb Hcp kw`-h-am-bn-cp¶p AXv.
asämcp Znhkw IÃp-ags]¿p-hm³ XpS-§n. Beo-]p-c¯v Ben-¸-gw-hoW Znh-k-amW-¶v. IÃn³I-j-W-§-sf-t¸m-epÅ lna-¡-«-IÄ Btcm hmcn Fdn-bp-¶-Xp-t]mse \mep-]mSpw h¶p hoWp-Xp-S-§n. Ben-¸gw hÀjn-¡p¶ ImgvN Rm\m-Zy-ambn I-X-¶m-Wv. AXp s]dp¡n FSp-¡p-hm³ sN¶-h-cpsS ico-c-¯n-seÃmw [mcmfw lna-¡-Ãp-IÄ h¶p-ho-Wp. thZ\ s]mdmªp
]ecpw ]n´n--cn-tªm-Sn. lna-hÀjs¯ XpSÀ¶p ITn-\-amb Hcp ag-s]-bvXp. 1943-þse Ak-l-\o-b-amb NqSnÂ\n¶v A¶s¯ ag R§Ä¡p hen-sbm-cm-izmkw \ÂIn. sshhn-²y-an-Ãm¯ R§-fpsS hnc-k-amb PbnÂPo-hn-X-¯n R§Ä¡m-Zn-hkw DÃmk-{]-Z-amb Hcp \mfm-bn-cp-¶p. thsdbpw Nne-Zn-h-k-§-fn Beo-]p-c¯p lna-hÀj-ap-m-bn-cp-¶p.
_Ãm-cn-bn Imän-s¶mcp Ime-ap-v. Pq¬ Pqembv amk-§-fn ]Xn-hm-Wv. Imsä¶p ]d-ªm AXp km[m-cW Imä-Ã. sImSp-¦m-äpw, Npg-en-¡m-äpw, aW¡mäpw aäp-am-Wv. aWepw a®pw Imän ]d-¡p-¶Xv ImtW Hcp ImgvN-X-s¶-bm-Wv. Nne-t¸mÄ AXp ImWp-hm³ h¿m¯ Hcp ImgvN-bmbpw Xocm-dp-v. I®pw, aq¡pw, sNhn-bpw, hmbpw a®p-sImpw aWÂsImpw \nd-bpw. t»m¡p-I-fnse Npa-cp-I-sfÃmw sN½-®n s]mXn-ªp-\n¡pw. Bfp-I-sfÃmw Imäv Xocp-¶-Xn-\p-ap-¼mbn Nph-¸p-tk-\-bnse AwK-§-fm-bn-¡-gn-bpw. sXmSn-bnse aWÂsImv D{K-am-cp-X³ ]e Nn-{X-¸-Wn-Ifpw sNbvXp-sh-¨n-«p-ÅXv ]pd-¯p-t\m-¡n-bm ImWmw. Npg-en-¡mäv s]mSn-]-S-ew-sImv BIm-i-¯n-te¡v Hcp XqWp-bÀ¯p-¶Xv Cu¡m-e¯p s_Ãm-cn-bnse Hc-km-[m-cW ImgvN-b-Ã. t\m¡n-bm Is®-¯m-¯{X Zqcw Db-c-¯n \ne-¯p\n¶p Hcp alm-kvXw`w BIm-iw-ap«n DbÀ¶p \n¡p-¶Xp ImWmw. hmbp-`-K-hm³ `qan-bn-te¡p Cd-§n-h¶ tImWn-bm-WXv F¶p IhnIÄ¡p tXm¶n-tb-¡mw. Imäp ian-¡p¶tXmSp-IqSn tImWnbpw A{]-Xy-£-am-Ip-¶p.
XWp-¸p-Imew ChnsS hfsc `b-¦-c-am-Wv. XWp-¸p-Im-e-t¯-¡p-am-{X-ambn cp I¼n-fn-IÄ A\p-h-Zn-¡m-dp-s-¦n-epw, XWp-¸n-t\mSp aÃn-Sp-hm³ Ah ]cym-]vX-am-Im-dn-Ã. ]I Hcp-a-Wn-¡pw, cp-a-Wn¡pw-IqSn Bfp-IÄ XWp¸p kln-¡p-hm³ km[n-bv¡msX I¼n-fnbpw ]pX¨p shbn-e-¯n-cn-¡p¶ ImgvN XWp-¸p-Im-e-¯n-hnsS km[m-c-W-am-Wv. Ime-¯p-In-«p¶ NqSpÅ Iªn XWp-¸p-Im-e¯p Aar-sX-t¶m-W-amWv R§Ä tam´n-¡p-Sn¡p-I.
Beo-]pcw Pbn-ense s]mXp-Ipfn ImtW Hcp ImgvN-X-s¶-bm-Wv. Ipfn-sb¶p ]d-ªm AsXmcp ka-c-am-Wv. ka-c-¯n s]SmsX ]pd-¯p-\n¶p "Ipfn-k-acw' t\m¡n-\n¡p¶ Hcm-fn\v ckn-¡p-hm³ \à hI-In-«pw. Pbn-en-\p-Ån h¶p ^nenw jq«p-sN-¿p-hm³ hÃ-hÀ¡pw A\p-hmZw sImSp-¡p-I-bm-sW-¦n ^new FSp-¡p-hm³ [mcmfw AÀl-X-bpÅ Hcp ImgvN-bmWv Pbnense Ipfn-bpsS ImgvN. Pbn Pohn-X-¯nsâ \m\m-h-i-§-fn Nne-sX-¦nepw ^nenw-sNbvXp {]-ZÀin-¸n-bvt¡--Xm-sW¶p F\n-¡-`n-{]m-b-ap-v. ]Xn-\-©pw, Ccp-]-Xpw, Ccp-]-¯-©pw-hmc \of-ap-ÅXpw aq¶pw, \mepw, A©pw ASn Bg-ap-Å-Xp-amb shÅ-s¯m-«n-I-fn Ipfn-¡p-hm-\pÅ shÅw tiJ-cn¨p h¨n-«p-m-hpw. "tems¡u«v' Bb DSs\ XS-hp-Im-cn Ipfn-¡p-hm-\p-t±-in-¡p-¶-h-scÃmw \S¶pw Nne-t¸mÄ HmSnbpw Cu shÅ-s¯m-«n-I-fpsS Npäpw h¶p-\n-d-bp-¶p. FÃm-hÀ¡pw Ipfn-¡p-hm³ kuIcyw In«p-hm³thn Ipfn-bpsS Imcy-¯n Nne \nb-{´-W-§-sfÃmw hcp-¯p-hm³ A[n-Ir-X-cpw, XS-hp-Im-cpsS {]Xn-\n-[n-Ifpw Nne-t¸m-sgÃmw ]cn-{i-an-¡m-dp-s-¦n-epw, Ipfn-bpsS Imcy-¯n A[n-I-sam¶pw \nb-{´-W-§Ä ^en-¨p-I-n-Ã. Ipfn Hcp X\n-amÊv (P-\-Io-b) Ipfn-X-s¶-bm-Wv. ap¶q-dpw, \m\qdpw Bfp-IÄ H¶mbn Xn¡n¯nc-¡n, D´n¯Ån-¡p-fn-¡p¶ ImgvN ImWp-hm³ ck-am--sW-¦nepw Btem-Nn-¨m eÖm-h-l-am-Wv. ]n¶oSv Ipfn-¡p-hm³ shÅw In«n-bn-sÃ-¦ntem F¶ `b-amWv Cu Ipfn-k-a-c-¯n ]s¦-Sp-¡p-hm³ Bfp-Isf \nÀº-Ôn-¡p-¶-Xv. Cu "_lp-P\'Ipfn-bn hr²-·m-cp-sS-bpw, ZpÀº-e-·m-cp-sSbpw Imcyw Ipsd ]cp-§-en-em-Wv. Pbn-en Zn\-Ir-Xy-§Ä Xe-Xn-cn-¨m-N-cn-bv¡p-hm³ \mw ]e-t¸mgpw \nÀ_-Ôn-X-cm-Im-dp-v. Ipfn-I-gnªp Z´-tim-[-\-bpw, shfn-¡n-d-§epw \nÀÆ-ln-¡p-¶Xv Pbn-en km[m-c-W-bm-Wv. AXn-\pÅ ImcWw \ap-¡n-jvS-apÅ ka-b¯v Ipfn-¡p-hm³ km[n-¡p-I-bn-sÃ-¶p-Å-Xp-X-s¶.
FÃm _p[-\m-gvNbpw Beo-]p-cw-P-bn-en ss^ Znh-k-am-Wv. HmWw-\m-fn alm-_en ae-bmfw ImWp-hm³ hcp-¶-Xp-t]mse kq{]v XS-hp-Imsc ImWp-hm³hcp¶ Znh-k-amWv A¶v. Pbn Pohn-X-¯nse HutZym-Kn-Im-\pjvTn-X-Ir-Xy-§-fn Gähpw \mS-Io-b-ambXv Cu ss^em-Wv. AXp kq{]-nsâ UÀ_m-dm-Wv. "tems¡u-«n\p'tijw hmÀ-UÀamcpw aäp Pbn-ep-tZym-K-Ø-·mcpw ss^en-¶p-th-p¶ Hcp-¡-§Ä sNbvXp-Xp-S-§pw. {][m-\-amb Hcp-¡-§Ä IpSp-¡p-IÄ (-_-«-¬kv), \¼À ap-X-emb ]n¨-f-sIm-pÅ km[-\-§Ä shfp-¸n-¡p-I, sNcn-¸nsâ s]mSn XpS-¡p-I, AXp t]mfo-jp-sN-¿pI apX-em-b-h-bm-Wv.
kq{]-p Pbn-en-¶p-Ån IS¶ DSs\ B Znhkw Hcp Iml-fw-hnfn Dm-Ipw. AXp-tI« DS³ XS-hp-Im-scÃmw hmÀU-·mÀ \ne¯p hc-¨n-«pÅ hc-bpsS Hcp ]pd-¯mbn t»m¡n-\p-sh-fn-bn hcn-h-cn-bmbn \nc-¶p-\n¡-Ww. Pbn bqWn-t^mdw apgp-h\pw AWnªmbncn-¡Ww \nÂt¡--Xv. Xe-bn sXm¸n, amd¯p t]cpw, \¼-dpw, in£-bpw, sk£\pw aäpw Fgp-Xn-bn-«pÅ _nà (P-bnÂ]p-Ån-IÄ¡p Pbn-en IS¶ DSs\ In«p¶ Hcp saU-em-W-Xv) I-¿n Hmtcm XS-hp-Im-c-sâbpw Cuc-mgvN IqSp-t¼m-gpÅ Xq¡w Ipdn-¡p¶ NmÀ«v CsXÃmw ss^en¶p \nÀ_-Ô-]qÀÆw AWn-tb-p¶ B`-c-W-§-fm-Wv. Hs¶-¦nepw AWn-bp-hm³ hn«p-t]m-Ip-¶p-s-¦n XS-hp-Im-cpsS Imap-I-\mb kq{]-n\p t{Im[w hcp-sa-¶p-am-{X-aà XtÃm, aäp-hà in£-Itfm At±lw hn[n-s¨-¶pw-h-cpw. Cu ss^ XS-hp-Im-cpsS \nÊ-lm-b-X-sbbpw Kh¬saân-sâ-bpw, Pbn Un¸mÀ«p-saân-sâbpw A´-Ên-t\-bpw, A-[n-Im-c-t¯bpw A\p-kva-cn-¸n-¡p-hm\pw DX-Ip-¶p. BgvN-IÄtXmdpw \mw XS-hp-]p-Ån-I-fm-sW-¶pw, \s½ AS¡n `cn-¡p-hm-\pw, in£n-¡p-hm\pw {]m`-h-ta-dnb Hcp Un¸mÀ«p-saâm-Wp-Å-sX-¶pw, XS-hp-Imsc HmÀ½-s¸-Sp-¯p-hm-\pÅ Dt±iw Cu ss^en¶p Hcp-]t£ Dm-bn-cn-¡mw.
ss^en¶p asäm-cp-t±iw Ds¶p ]d-ªp-tI-«n-«p-v. AsXmcp kZp-t±-i-am-Wv. XS-hp-Im-cpsS Btcm-Ky-s¯-bpw, Bh-iy-s¯-bpw-Ip-dn¨p t\cn-«-t\z-jn-¡p-hm³ kq{]-n\pw kq{]--n\v X§-fpsS Bh-
iy-§-fpw, Bh-em-Xn-Ifpw t\cn-«-dn-bn-¡p-hm³ XS-hp-ImÀ¡p-apÅ Hcp Ah-k-cw-Iq-Sn-bmWv ss^ F¶mWp shbv]v. ]s£ R§-fpsS kq{]p R-§-fpsS Bcp-sSbpw Btcm-Ky-s¯tbm Bh-iy-§-sftbm Ipdn¨p At\z-jn-¡m-dp-m-bn-cp-¶n-Ã. B A]-cm[w B km[p-sh-´n\p sN¿Ww. Nne XS-hp-ImÀ Nne-t¸mÄ X§-fpsS Nne Hgn-¨p-Iq-Sm¯ Bh-iy-§Ä At±-ls¯ ss^en Adn-bn-¡m-dp-v. ZpÀÃ`w NneXv At±lw {i²n-¡m-dp-ap-v. aäp-Å-hÀs¡Ãmw km[m-cW In«m-dpÅ adp-]Sn "hmbaq-SpI' F¶À°w hcp¶ "j«¸v' am{X-amWv. R§fpsS kq-{]-p "slu' F¶ Hcp shÅ-¡m-c³ sZmc-bm-bn-cp-¶p. tIm¬{K-Êp-Im-cpÅ Pbn-en kq{]-m-Ip-hm³-th-n-Xs¶ aZn-cmin Kh¬saâv t]män hfÀ¯p¶ Ah-cpsS Hcp "Hma-\-¡p-«³' s]³j³ ]tä--Imew AXn-{I-an-¨n«pw AXn-s\-¡mÄ \à Hcp hkvXp-hns\ In«m-¯-Xp-sImv ]ncn-¨-b¡-s¸-SmsX h¨n-cn-¡p¶ Hcaqey-h-kvXp.
ss^ÂZn-hkw saUn-¡Â Hm^o-kÀ, tUm-IvSÀamÀ, Pbn-eÀamÀ, No^v hmÀUÀ, dnkÀÆv No^v hmÀUÀ, slUv hmÀUÀamÀ, ¢À¡p-amÀ, tIm¬hnIvSv hmÀ-UÀamÀ F¶n-h-cpsS AI-¼-Sn-tbm-Sp-IqSn kq{]-p {]th-in-¡p-¶p. kq{]nsâ tZl-c-£-bv¡p-th-n-bm-Wv, hmÀUÀam-cpw, tIm¬hnIvSv hmÀUÀamcpw aäpw. kq{]v DÄs¸sS tUmIvÀam-scm-gn¨v aäp-Å-h-scÃmw em¯n-[m-cn-I-fm-bn-cn-¡pw. X§Ä FXn-cm-sW¶p kwi-bn-¡m-hp¶ Fs´-¦nepw Hcp i_vZ-tam, Ne-\tam Dm-bm AXp-aXn h¼n¨ arKo-b-amb Hcp em¯n-¨mÀÖn-\pÅ D¯-c-hp-m-hp-hm³. kq{]--nsâ {]th-i-\-¯n-\p-ap¼p ssh{kmbn kvs]jy-ensâ ap¼n ss]eäv F³Pn³ F¶-Xp-t]mse No^v hmÀU-dpsS {]th-i\w Dm-Ipw. FÃm-hcpw Ah-c-h-cpsS Imep-IÄ, Ip«n-I-sf-sImp {Un FSp-¸n-¡p-t¼mÄ Aä³j-\n hbv]n-¡m-dp-Å-Xp-t]mse h¨n-«p-tm-sb¶pw, Xq¡w Ipdn-¨n-«pÅ NmÀ«p ]nSn-t¡--hn-[-¯n ]nSn-¨n-«p-tm-sb¶pw t\m¡p-hm-\mWo Ac-t§-äw. "No^v'hmÀUsd XpSÀ¶p kq{]pw ]cn-hm-c-§fpw {]th-in-¡p-¶p. ss^ensâ Hcäw apX atä Aäw-hsc ap{Zm-hmIyw apg-¡m¯ B tLmj-bm{X A§s\ IS-¶p-t]m-Ip-¶p.
kq{]-n-t\m-tSm, saUn-¡-em-^o-k-tdmtSm hÃ-hÀ¡pw hÃXpw
]d-b-W-sa-¶p-h-¨mÂ, sNdp-¢m-Êp-I-fn Kpcp-\m-Ysâ tNmZy-¯n-\p-¯cw In«nb Ip«n ssIs]m-¡p-¶-Xp-t]mse XS-hp-Im-c³ ssI s]m¡p-I-bmWp th-Xv. tLmj-bm{X \nÀ¯p-hm-\pÅ t{_¡v XS-hp-Im-csâ I¿m-Wv.
"Mvlqw' F¶ `oI-c-amb Hcp aqf-tem-Sp-IqSn kq{]-p \n¡p-¶p. F³Pn³ \n¶m hnaqcnIÄ \n¡p-¶-Xp-t]mse ]cn-hm-c-§-sfÃmw \n¡p-¶p. kq{]-n\p \à Znh-k-am-sW-¦nÂ, elcn hf-sc-b-[nIw Xe-bv¡p-]n-Sn-¨n-«n-sÃ-¦n XS-hp-Im-c³ ]d-bp-¶Xp Nne-t¸mÄ tIs«-¶pw, adp-]Sn ]d-sª¶pw hcpw. AsÃ-¦n Ah-Úm-\nÀ`-c-amb Hcp "j«¸v' H¶n-s\-¯p-SÀ¶v asäm¶mbn t»m¡p-IÄtXmdpw Cu {]l-k\w A`n-\-bn¨p Ign-ªm kq{]-pw ]cn-hm-c-§fpw aS-§p-I-bm-bn. Hmtcm t»m¡n-sebpw ss^ep-I-gnª DSs\ AXmXp t»m¡nse Bfp-IÄ t»m¡n-\p-Ån-te¡p t]mI-Ww. kq{]-v ss^ep Ignªp aS-§n-t]m-bm-ep-m-Ip¶ Iml-f-kzcw tI«m am{Xsa ]pd-¯p-h-cm³ ]mSp-Åq.
em¯n-NmÀÖv
1942 sk]vXw-_À 14-þmw XobXn Beo-]p-c-¯nse cmjv{Sob XS-hp-ImÀ¡p Ahn-kva-c-Wo-b-amb Hcp Zn\-am-bn-cp-¶p. ]eÀ¡pw AwK-`wKw hcp-¯nb arKo-b-am-sbmcp em¯n-¨mÀÖn\v Beo-]pcw Pbn-ense cmjv{So-b-¯-S-hp-ImÀ hnt[-b-cm-bX-¶m-bn-cp-¶p. sImSpw-{Iq-c-amb B \c-th-«-bpsS `b-¦-c-Xzs¯ "em¯n-¨mÀÖv' F¶ B km[m-c-W-t]À hmkvX-h-¯n eLq-I-cn-¡p-I-bmWp sN¿p-¶-Xv. \nÊ-lm-b-cpw, \ncm-bp-[-cp-amb XS-hp-Imsc `oI-c-amb aÀ±\wsImv `oj-Wns¸Sp¯n `cn-¡p-hm³ Pbn-e-[n-Im-cn-IÄ Ip-]n-Sn¨ hnZy-bm-bn-cp¶p ss]im-Nn-I-amb B \c-\m-bm-«v. em¯n-¨mÀÖv \S-¯p-hm³ aXn-bmb bmsXmcp Imc-W-§-fp-ap-m-bn-cp-¶n-Ã. Pbn-ensâ A¨-S-¡s¯ XS-hp-Im-cmcpw ewLn-¨n-cp-¶p-an-Ã. Pbn-ep-tZym-K-Ø-·m-cn Bcp-tS-sb-¦nepw t\sc Bsc-¦nepw Hc-{I-ahpw {]hÀ¯n-¨n-cp-¶n-Ã. sN¶mbv B«n³Ip-«n-tbmSv "\ob-sÃ-¦n \nsâ AÑ-\m-bn-cn¡mw' F¶p ]p ]d-ª-Xp-t]m-epÅ Nne Imc-W-§Ä Cu em¯n-¨mÀÖns\ \ymbo-I-cn-¡p-hm³ Pbn-e-[n-Im-cn-IÄ¡p-mbn F¶p ]d-b-s¸-«n-«p-v. XS-hp-ImÀ PbnÂ\n-b-a-§Ä ewLn-¡p-hm³ t]mIp-
¶p-sh¶pw ASn-Øm-\-c-ln-X-ambn Btcm ]d-ªp-m-¡nb Hcp Inwh-Z-´n-bm-Ws{X B em¯n-¨mÀÖn-\pÅ {][m\ Imc-Ww. ss^en \n¡m-Xn-cn-¡p-hm³ XoÀ¨-bm-¡n-bn-cn¡p-¶p-sh¶ Inwh-Z´n tI«-Xn\v ss^en \n¡p-hm³h¶ Bfp-I-fp-sS-ta-emWv em¯n-¨mÀÖv Bcw-`n-¨-Xv.
A¶s¯ em¯n-¨mÀÖv ap³Iq«n Btem-Nn-¨p-d¨p IÂ]n-¨p-Iq«n Dm-¡n-XoÀ¯-Xm-sW-¶-Xn\p aXn-bmb sXfn-hp-I-fp-v. XS-hp-ImÀ FXnÀ¡p-I-bm-sW-¦n shSn-shbv]p \S-¯p-hm³thn Hcp dnkÀÆv t]meo-kp-kw-Ls¯ PbnÂtK-än ap³Iq«n X¿m-dm-¡n-bn-cp-¶p. em¯n-¨mÀÖv \S-¯p-hm³ tae-[n-Im-cn-I-fpsS ap³Iq-«n-bpÅ k½-Xw-IqSn hm§n-bn-cp-¶p-h-t{X. "ss^Â, ss^Â' F¶pÅ hmÀUÀam-cpsS km[m-cW ss^ hnfn-tI«v XS-hp-ImÀ ss^en¶p \n¡p-hm³-thn ]pd-¯p-h-¶p. A]m-b-kq-N-I-amb hmÀU-d-·m-cpsS Nqfw-hn-fn-IÄsImpw (hn-knÂ) A]m-bw-Ip-dn-¡p¶ Pbn aWn-IÄsImpw Pbn-ensâ A´-co£w apJ-cn-X-am-bn. hnknÂtI-«m tI«-hÀ, tI«-hÀ hnfn-¡-W-sa-¶m-bn-cp¶p PbnÂ\n-b-aw. FÃm hmÀUdp-am-cp-sS-bpw, tIm¬hnIvSv hmÀ-U-dp-am-cp-tSbpw I¿n Ft¸mgpw hnkn-ep-m-bn-cn-¡pw. hnkn tI«m-ep-S³ hnkn tI« Zn¡n-te¡p HmSn-sb-¯p¶ Pbn DtZym-K-Ø-·m-scÃmw ap³]n ImWp¶ XS-hp-Imsc em¯n-sImp XÃpI F¶Xpw Pbn-ense ]Xnhm-Ws{X. AXp \nb-a-amtWm F¶-dn-bp-I-bn-Ã.
BZys¯ hnkn hnfn-tbm-Sp-Iq-Sn-Xs¶ \c-th« Bcw-`n-¨p. Hcp I¿n ]ntÌm-fpw, adp-I-¿n em¯n-bp-ambn kp{]-p Zzmc-Xs¶ XS-hp-Imsc Bª-Sn¨p XpS-§n. hmÀUÀamÀ Hmtcm-cp-¯cpw Ah-c-h-cpsS apgp-h³ iàn-bp-ap-]-tbm-Kn¨v {`m´³\m-bv¡-sf-sb-¶-t]mse XS-hp-Imsc em¯n-sb¶ Ipdp--h-Sn-IÄ-sImv XÃn-¯-IÀ-¯p. BÀ¯-\m-Z-§-fpw, tImem-l-e-§-fpw, Hm«hpw, Nm«-hpw, cà-s¨m-cn-¨nepw kÀÆ-{X. A¶p cmjv{Sob XS-hp-Im-c-[n-Ihpw ]Xn-\mdmw t»m¡n-em-Wp-m-bn-cp-¶-Xv. Dt±iw Adp-\q-tdmfw cmjv{Sob XS-hp-ImÀ A¶p Pbn-en-ep-m-bn-cp-¶p. cà-]n-]m-k-tbm-Sp-IqSn hmÀU-dp-am-cpw, DtZym-K-Ø-·mcpw t»m¡n-\p-Ån-te-¡n-c-¨p-I-b-dn. "A¼p-sIm-Åm-¯-h-cnà Ipcp-¡-fnÂ' F¶p ]d-ª-Xp-t]mse XÃp-sIm-Åm-¯-hÀ Pbn-en-ep-
m-bn-cp-¶n-Ã. B{Ôm-tZ-i-¡m-c-\mb cma-aqÀ¯n F{X-Xs¶ XÃp-sIm-n-«pw, tNmc-sbm-en-¨n«pw AN-©-e-\m-bn-X-s¶-bn-cp-¶p. hmÀUÀamÀ¡v At±-ls¯ XÃn aXn-bm-b-t¸mÄ AhÀ thsdmcp `mK-t¯¡v Xncn-ªp. XÃnsâ ]mSp-IÄ At±-l-¯nsâ hnim-e-amb amdn-epw, ]pd¯pw hf-sc-¡m-e-t¯mfw ImWp-hm-\p-m-bn-cp-¶p.
ae-bm-fn-I-fn Gä-hp-a-[nIw XÃp-sIm-Xv Iog-cn-bqÀ¡m-c³ Ipªn-¡-Wm-c-\m-bn-cp-¶p. ]tc-X-\mb tIm§m-«n cma³ tat\msâ A\-´n-c-h³ sI. cmap-®n-ta-t\m³ XÃpsImp tNmc-sbm-en¨p t_m[-c-ln-X-\mbn adn-ªp-ho-Wp. {]Ú-bn-Ãm¯\ne-bn tNmc-bn apgp-Inb tXmÀ¯p-apv Xo-h-n-bpsS ap¼n NpI-¸p-sIm-Sn-sb-t¶mWw tat\m³ DbÀ¯n-¸n-Sn-¨-t¸mÄ am{X-amWv At±-l-¯nsâ t\sc-bpÅ B{I-aWw AhÀ \nÀ¯n asämcp hi-t¯¡p Xncn-ª-sX¶p I-p-\n-¶-hÀ ]d-ªp. tat\m\p Rm³ sNbvX-sX-´m-sW¶p HmÀ½ Dm-bn-cp-¶n-Ã-s{X.
a¿-gn-bnse sF.-sI. Ipam-csâ aq¡n-\p-sIm ASn-bpsS ^e-ambn aq¡p-]n-fÀ¶p tNmc-sbm-gp-In. At±-l-¯nsâ aq¡p \jvS-s¸-«p-t]m-Ip-sa¶p hnNm-cn-¨p-sh¦nepw ssZhm-[o-\w-sImv aq¡n\p ]änb apdnhv DW-§n-¡n-«n. ]s£ aq¡nÂ\n¶v CS-bvs¡Ãmw tNmc-h-cm-dp--s{X. em¯n-ta-epÅ sIm¡ aq¡nÂta sImfp¯nt]mb-Xp-sIm-m-sW-¶q-ln-¡m-hp¶ Hcp Ie Ct¸mgpw em¯n-¨mÀÖnsâ kvamc-I-ambn At±-l-¯nsâ aq¡n-t·Â ImWm-hp-¶-Xm-Wv.
cp-aq-¶m-fp-I-fpsS Imep-IÄ em¯n-¨mÀÖnsâ ^e-ambn D]-tbmK iq\y-§-fm-bn. hfsc amk-§-tfmfw Pbn-em-ip-]-{Xn-bn InS-¶p-sh-¦nepw Nne-cpsS Imensâ s]m«n-t¸mb FÃp-IÄ t\sc-bm-¡p-hm³ Ign-ªn-Ã. in£m-hn[n Ignªp ]pd-¯p-t]m-Ip-t¼mgpw kv{S¨-dn FSp-¯n-«mWp Ahsc tKän\p ]pd-¯p-sIm-p-t]m-bm-¡n-b-Xv. Ah-cpsS Imep-IÄ AhÀ¡p-]-tbm-K-iq-\y-§-fm-Wv. em¯n-¨mÀ-Önsâ ^e-ambn ]cp-]-cp¯ ap³ apf-h-Sn-I-fmb em¯n-IÄXs¶ s]m-«n-t¸m-bn-cp-¶p. C³kvs]-IvSÀ P\-d Pbn kµÀin-¨-t¸mÄ s]m«n-t¸mb Nne em¯n-¡j-W-§Ä XS-hp-ImÀ kq£n-¨p-sh-¨n-cp-¶Xv At±-ls¯ ImWn-¨n-cp-¶p-sh-¦nepw ]n¶o-S-t±lw AXp-kw-_-\n-[n¨v bmsXmcp \S-]-Sn-Ifpw FSp-¯-Xmbn In-Ã. Pbn-en XS-
hp-Im-cpsS ico-c-¯n\pw Poh\pw bmsXmcp c£-bp-an-söv XS-hp-Imsc BZy-ambn t_m²y-s¸-Sp-¯nb kw`-h-amWv sk]vXw-_Àam-k-¯nse em¯n-¨mÀÖv.
Pbn-ense Pe-£m-ahpw \ncm-lm-c-{h-Xhpw
aZn-cmin kwØm-\-¯nse Gä-hp-a-[nIw PeZuÀ`n-£-apÅ PnÃ-I-fn H¶mWp _Ãm-cn. _Ãm-cn-sb-¸än IÀ®m-S-I-`m-j-bn DW-§nb _Ãmcn F¶À°w hcp¶ "Np¡-_-Ãcn' F¶pw km[m-cW ]d-bm-dp-v. kwØm-\-¯n km[m-cW £maw _m[n-¡m-dpÅ {]tZ-i-amb "dmb-e-ko-a-'bnÂs]« Hcp PnÃ-bmWv _Ãm-cn. ]d-b-¯¡ Pe-tk-N-\-]-²-Xn-I-sfm¶pw _Ãm-cn-bn-en-Ã. XpwK-`-{Zm-\-Zn-bvs¡m-cW sI«n-bm "dmb-e-ko-a-'bnse ]ª¯n¶p ]cn-lm-c-ap-m-hp-sa¶p ]dªp XpS-§n-bn«pw {]-t£m`w Iq«n-¯p-S-§n-bn«pw Imew Ipsd-bm-bn. R-§Ä _Ãm-cn-bn-se-¯n-bXv Pe-£m-aw-sImp _Ãmcn \nhm-kn-IÄ Ht«sd IjvS-¸m-Sp-I-f-\p-`-hn-¨p-sIm-n-cp¶ Hcp Ime-¯m-bn-cp-¶p. I®qÀ kºvP-bn-enÂ\n¶v hn«-Xn-\p-tijw R§Ä¡p Ipfn-¡p-hm³ Ign-ªn-cp-¶n-Ã. Beo-]pcw Pbn-en F¯n-bm-ep-S³Xs¶ Ipfn-¡m-sa¶pÅ {]Xo£ R-§Ä¡p-m-bn-cp-¶p. ]s£ Beo-]p-c-¯p-\n¶v R-§Ä Ipfn-¨Xv Pbn-en-se-¯n-b-Xnsâ ]Xn-\©mw Znh-kw-am-{X-am-bn-cp-¶p. Ipfn-¡p-hm-\m-h-iy-amb Pew A¡m-e¯v Pbn-en-\p-Ån-se-hn-sSbpw Xc-s¸-Sm-Xn-cp-¶-Xm-bn-cp¶p AXn-\pÅ Imc-Ww. apJw Igp-Ip-hm³ t]mep-apÅ shÅw-In-«msX A¶p XS-hp-Im-c-\p-`-hn¨ IjvS-¸m-Sp-IÄ NnÃ-d-sbm-¶p-a-Ã.
1942-þse Zo]m-hen Beo-]pcw Pbn-ense A¶s¯ XS-hp-ImÀ A{X-thKw hnkva-cn-bv¡p-I-bn-Ã. Pbn-ense ]pXp Zo]m-h-en-bm-bn-cp-¶-Xp-sImv DZm-c-a-\-kvI-cmb Nne tIm¬{K-Ê-\p-`m-hn-IÄ shfn-bnÂ\n¶v XS-hp-Im-cpsS Bh-iy-¯n-\p-thn Pbn-e-[n-Im-cn-I-fpsS A\p-a-Xn-tbm-Sp-IqSn Nne `£y-km-[-\-§-sfÃmw DÅn-te-¡-b-¨n-cp-¶p. Ah-sIm-p-m-¡nb Nne a[p-c-]-e-lm-c-§-fpw, DuWpwIgn¨v apJw Igp-Ip-hm³ ]pd-¯n-d-§nb R§Ä¡p Hcp-XpÅn shÅw-t]mepw In«n-bn-Ã. A¶p apJw Igp-Ip-hm³ R§Äs]« ]mSp AhÀ®-\o-b-am-Wv. Pbn-ense ss]¸p-IÄtXmdpw R§Ä shÅ-¯n-¶p-thn Hcp "Pe-\m-bm«v' \S-¯n.
aq¶p-\mep aWn-¡q-dn-\p-Ån R§-tfm-tcm-cp-¯cpw Hmtcm hn[-¯n ssIbpw, Imepw, apJhpw t¹äp-Ifpw hr¯n-bm¡nsb¶v hcp-¯n-¡q-«n. F-§s\ hr¯n-bm-¡n-sb¶ tNmZyw tNmZn-¡m-Xn-cn-¡p-I-bmWv th-Xv. sshIp-t¶cw tNmdp-sh-bv¡p-hm\pw shÅ-ap-mbncp¶n-Ã. XS-hp-ImÀ¡v tNmdp-sIm-Sp-¡msX Ahsc tem¡-¸p-sN-¿p-hm³ \nhr-¯n-bn-Ãm-Xn-cp-¶-Xp-sImv Pbn-e-[n-Im-cn-IÄ ]cp-§-en-em-bn. {]kn-²-·m-cmb Nne "_n' ¢mÊp XS-hp-Im-cpsS klmbw AhÀ tXSn. Ah-cn {ioam-·mÀ _n. tKm]m-e-sd-UvVn(ap³]p a{Zm-Ên a{´n-bm-bn-cp¶ BÄ)bpw, _n.-F-Êv. aqÀ¯nbpw (ap³]v ]mÀe-saâdn sk{I-«-dn-bm-bn-cp¶ BÄ) "kn' ¢mÊp-Im-cpsS t»m¡p-IÄtXmdpw \S¶v shÅw In«m-¯-Xn\v Pbn-e-[n-Im-cn-IÄ D¯-c-hm-Zn-I-f-sÃ-¶pw, Cu hnj-a{]-iv\-¯n \mw Ah-tcmSp kl-I-cn-bvt¡--Xm-sW¶pw tem¡-¸n\p kabw sshIn-bm Bcpw-Xs¶ B kµÀ`w D]-tbm-Kn¨v NmSn-t]m-Ip-hm³ {ian-bv¡p-I-tbm, aäp-hn-[-¯n A[n-Im-cn-IÄ¡p _p²n-ap-«p-I-fp-m-¡p-Itbm sN¿-cp-sX¶pw A`yÀ°n-¨p-sImp {]Nm-c-the sNbvXp.
t»m¡p-IÄ¡p shfn-bn XS-hp-Im-cpsS Nne tbm-K-§Ä tNcp-I-bpw, tbmK-§-fn "_n' ¢mÊnse {]kvXp-X-t\-Xm-¡-·mÀ {]kw-K-§Ä sN¿p-Ibpw sNbvXp. A¶p Pbn-en-¶p-Ån-epÅ Hcp InW-änÂ\n¶v shÅw tImcn-sb-Sp-¯n-«mWv tNmdp ]mIw sNbvX-Xv. Pbn-ense InW-sd-¶p-]-d-ªm ]pgp-¡Ä \ndª XSn¨ D¸p-sh-Å-apÅ InW-dm-W-Xv. Hcp XpÅn-shÅw hmbn-em-bm DSs\ OÀ±n-h-cpw. \mdp¶ shÅ-¯n ]mIw-sNbvX tNmdp cm{Xn F«-c-a-Wn-bv¡mWp R§Ä¡p In«n-b-Xv. tem¡-¸n\p kabw H³]-Xp-a-Wn-bm-bn. km[m-cW tem¡¸p kabw A©-c-a-Wn-bm-Wv. A¶p R§Ä¡p t»m¡n-\p-sh-fn-bn kÔy-bv¡pw, cm{Xnbpw Iptd-t\cw em¯p-hm³ km[n-¨n-cp-¶-Xp-sImv Pe-ZuÀÃ`yw Pbn-en-¶p-Ån "DÀÆ-io-im]w D]--Imc'ambXpt]msebmWv R§Ä¡p tXm¶n-b-Xv.
]ntä-Zn-hkw t\cw ]peÀ¶ DSs\ R§ÄtI« hÀ¯-am\w shÅw In«m-¯-Xp-sImv "F' "_n' ¢mÊp-I-fnse XS-hp-ImÀ \ncm-lm-c-{h-X-am-N-cn-¨n-cn-¡p-¶p-sh-¶p-Å-Xm-Wv. Xte-Zn-hkw Pb-e-[n-Ir-X-tcmSp kl-I-cn-¡p-hm³ "kn' ¢mÊp-Im-tcm-S-`yÀ°n¨ "_n' ¢mÊp-ImÀ "kn' ¢mÊp-Im-tcm-S-t\z-jn-¡msX ]n-tä-Zn-hkw \ncm-lm-c-am-N-cn-
¨p-sh¶p tI«-t¸mÄ R§-sfm-¶-¼-c-¶p. GXm-bmepw Ah-tcmSp kl-I-cn-¡p-hm³Xs¶ "kn' ¢mÊp-Imcpw Xocp-am-\n-¨p.
Beo-]pcw Pbn-ense _lp-`q-cn-]£w XS-hp-Imcpw \ncm-lm-c-am-cw-`n-¨p. aq¶mw-Zn-hkw sshIp-t¶cw th{X shÅw Int«-p¶ Imcy-¯n X§-fm-em-Ip-¶-sXÃmw X§Ä sN¿m-sa-¶p Pbn-e-[n-Im-cn-I-fnÂ\n¶v hmKvZm\w In«n-b-X-\p-k-cn¨v \ncm-lmcw \nÀ¯n. Ipd-¨p-Zn-h-k-§ÄIqSn sh-Å-¯n\p ]-ª-ap-m-bn-cp-¶p-sh-¦n-epw, Pbn-e-[n-Im-cn-I-fpsS ]cn-{i-a-^-e-ambn {ItaW Pe-£maw Beo-]pcw Pbn-enÂ\n¶v IptdsÈ \o§n. _Ãm-cn-bn ap\n-kn-¸m-enän hnX-cWw sN¿p¶ shÅ-¯n\v ]¦p-ImÀ aq¶p Iq«-cm-Wv. s_Ãm-cn-bnse s]mXp-P-\-§-fpw, ]«m-f-¡m-cpw, XS-hp-Im-cmb R§-fpw. s]mXp-P-\-§-fp-tSbpw XS-hp-Im-cp-sSbpw ]¦nÂ\n¶v ]«m-f-¡m-cpsS kuI-cy-¯n-\p-thn Nnet¸mÄ A[nIw shÅw hn«p-sIm-Sp-¯m AXp-sIm-pÅ Ah-i-X-I-f-\p-`-hn-bvt¡-n-h-cp-¶-hÀ BZyw]dª cp-Iq-«-cpw, hnin-jy-X-S-hp-Im-cp-am-Wv. XS-hp-ImÀ XS-hp-Imcpw ]«m-f-¡mÀ ]«m-f-¡m-cp-am-W-tÃm.
`£Ww
Ime¯v Gg-c-a--Wn¡p Bsfm-¶p¡p \meu¬kp Acn-bpsS Iªn. AXn\p Iq«m³ ]cn-¸pw, apfIpw Iq«n-b-c¨ Hcp NSvWn. D¨bv¡p ]Xn-s\m¶p ]{´--c-a-Wn¡p H³]-Xu¬kp Acn-bpsS tNmdpw ]pfp-kp-hpw. sNmÆm-gvN-bpw, shÅn-bm-gvNbpw sshIp-t¶-cs¯ `£-W-¯n\p thhn¨ sXmh-cbpw Iptd-È- X-cpw. CXmWp R§Ä¡p Pbn-en \nXyhpw In«m-d-pÅ `£Ww CXn-\n-S-bn ss]¸nÂ\n-t¶m, Sm¦nÂ\nt¶m tiJ-cn-¡p¶ ]¨-shÅw F{X-th-W-sa-¦nepw IpSn-¡mw. AXns\ kw_-Ôn¨p tdj\nw-tKm, Ipdn-¸n« ka-b-§tfm CÃ. Im¸n, Nmb apX-emb hn`-h-§Ä "kn' ¢mÊp-ImÀ¡p ANn-´y-am-Wv. "F' "_n' F¶o ¢mÊp-I-fnse XS-hp-ImÀ¡p Im¸nbpw Nmb-bp-ap-v. AhÀ¡p tNmdp ap±m cq]-¯n-e-Ã. Idn-Ifpw H¶n--e-[n-I-ap-m-Ipw. taÂ-]dª `£-W-{Iaw bmsXmcp sshhn-²y-hp-an-ÃmsX Znh-kw-tXm-dpw, BgvN-tXm-dpw, amk-t´m-dpw, sImÃ-t´m-dpw, \nb-aw-sX-ämsX BN-cn-¡p-hmt\ PbnÂ\n-baw A\p-h-Zn-¡p-¶p-Åq.
"jUvck'§fn ]e-Xpw, hnin-jy-a-[p-cw, Pbn-en-\p-Ån-se-¯n-bm ""Btcm-Ky-apÅ'' Hcp-h\pw A\p-`-hn-¨-dn-bp-hm³ \nb-a-{]-Imcw km²y-a-Ã. tcmKn-bmbn Bip-]-{Xn-bn {]th-i\w In«n-bm AhnsS \n¶p tcmKn¡p sImSp-¡p¶ "]mÂ' F¶p Pbn-en ]d-ªp-h-cp¶ ]mensâ \nd-apÅ shÅ-t¯m-sSm¸w IptdsÈ iÀ¡-cbpw sImSp-¡p-¶-Xp-sImv Hcp tcmKn¡v thW-sa-¦n "a[pc'ck-hp-ambn X\nbv¡p ]p-m-bn-cp¶ ]cn-Nbw H¶p-]p-X-p¡p-hm³ km[n-¡p-¶-Xm-Wv. eUvVp, Pnte-_n, Kpem-_vPm³, ssakqÀ]m-Iv, hS, t_m, CUvV-en, tZmi, shÅ-b-¸w, ]p«v, ]gw, \mc-§, ]mbkw apX-emb t]cp-IÄ Pbn-en-epÅ HcmÄ¡v ap³P-·-¯nse kvac-W-I-fm-Wv. \mhp-sImv taÂ]-dª ]e ]e-lm-c-§fpw ]e-hn[ ]mb-k-§fpw Dm¡n ]ecpw ]e-t¸mgpw Ign-bv¡pI ]Xn-hm-Wv. "a\-¸m-bkw' IpSn¨p Xr]vXn-b-S-bp-¶-hcpw Pbn-en [mcm-f-am-Wv. X§-fn Hmtcm-cp-¯À¡pw {]nb-s¸« ]e-lm-c-§fpw, ]mb-k-§fpw Ign¡p-hm³ km[n-¡m-¯Xp sImp Ah-bpsS t]cp-IÄ ]dªp kwXr-]vX-cm-Ip-¶-h-tcbpw Pbn-en-\p-Ån ImWmw.
R§Ä Beo-]p-c-¯p-m-bn-cp¶ BZys¯ ]¯p ]Xn-\mdp amk-§-fn R-§sf sImp Xoän¨ tNmdnsâ Ah-Øm-hn-ti-j-§-fpw, hÀ®-hn-ti-j-§fpw, KÔ-hn-ti-j-§fpw {]kvXm-h-tbm-Ky-§-fm-Wv. Znhkw Acn amdnb Ah-k-c-§-fp-v. aq¶pw \mepw Znh-k-§Ä Ign-bp-t¼mÄ amdnb A-h-k-c-§-fp-ap-v. ]e Ah-k-c-§-fn-embn ]e \nd-¯n-epw, ]e hn[-¯n-epw, ]e-a-W-¯n-ep-ap-Å, ]e-cp-Nn-I-tfm-Sp-Iq-Snb Acn-I-fmWp R§Ä¡p `£-W-¯n\p In«n-s¡m-n-cp-¶-Xv. a\p-jy-·mÀ¡v `£n-¡p-hm-s\m-¡m-¯Xpw arK-§Ät]mepw \män t\m¡n-bm shSn-ªp-t]m-Ip-¶-Xp-amb tNmdp R§Ä `£n-t¡n h¶n-«p-v. "kn' ¢mÊp-X-S-hp-ImÀ¡v amwkm-lmcw hn[n-¨n-«n-Ãm-¯-Xp-sImp ]pgp-¡Ä \ndª Acn AhÀ¡p sImSp¯p B tIm«w Nne kµÀ`-§-fn ]cn-l-cn-¡-s¸-«n-«p-v. XS-hp-Imsc sImsÃmw hbdp Cf-¡n-¸n¨ Hcp Acn-bp-m-bn-cp-¶p. AXp Acn-bÃ, s\Ãm-bn-cp-¶p. tNmdp-®p-hm-\n-cp-¶m cpw aq¶pw aWn-¡q-dp-IÄ tNmdnÂ\n¶pw s\Ãp-s]dp-¡n-¡-f-ªmÂam-{Xta s\ÃnÃm¯ häv Ipd-s¨-¦nepw ImWp-I-bp-Åq. tNmdpp Ign-ªm A[nIw Xma-kn-¡p-¶-Xn-\n-Sbv¡v hbÀ Cf-Ip-I-bm-bn. A¡m-e-¯m-ip-]{Xn hb-dn-f-
¡-¡m-sc-s¡mp \nd-ªn-cp-¶p..
shfp-¸p-\ndw Ggp-\n-d-§-fpsS k¦-e-\-am-sW-¶pÅ imkv{XXXzw (Spectrum) Beo-]pcw Pbn-ense tNmdnÂIq-Sn -R-§Ä¡p a\-kn-em-¡p-hm³ km[n-¨n-«p-v.-\o-e, aª, NpI-¸v, hb-e-äv, apXemb ag-hn-Ãnsâ FÃm \nd-§-fn-ep-apÅ tNmdp R§Ä `-£n-¨n-«p-v. kIe hÀ®-§-fp-sSbpw Akm-¶n-²y-¯nÂ\n-¶mWv Idp-¸p-\ndw Dm-Ip-¶-sX¶ {]Ir-Xn-hn-Úm-\o-I-·m-cpsS (Physicyst) A`n-{]mbw icn-bm-sW-¦n B \nd-¯n-epÅ tNmdpw Beo-]p-c¯v R-§Ä¡p In«n-bn-«p-v. shfp¯ \nd-apÅ tNmdnÂ\n¶p aäpÅ hÀ®-§-sfÃmw \o¡w sNbvXv tNmdn\p Hmtcm Znh-khpw Hmtcm \ndw \ne-\nÀ¯p-I-bpw, FÃm \nd-§-tfbpw \o¡w-sNbvXv Idp-¸p-\n-d-am-¡p-Ibpw sNbvXn-«Ãm XShp-ImÀ¡p tNmdp-sIm-Sp-¯-sX-¦nepw ]ma-c-\mb Hcp XS-hp-Im-cs\ {]IrXn imkv{X-¯nse (Spectrum Analisis) kvs]Iv{Sw A\m-en-knkp ]Tn-¸n-¡p-hm³ R§Ä¡p In«m-dpÅ tNmdnsâ hÀ-®-§sf D]-tbm-Kn¨p kqcy-civan kv]Sn-I-¡-j-W-¯nÂIqSn IS-¶p-h-cp-t¼mÄ ImWm-hp¶ \nd-§-tfmSp Ahsb kmZr-iy-s¸-Sp-¯n-bm aXn-bm-Ip-¶p-Xm-Wv.
cp-aq-¶p-X-hW kln-¡p-hm-\-cp-Xm¯ \mä-apÅ tNmdpw R§Ä Dt®-n-h-¶n-«p-v. Hcp-X-h-W-sb¶p ]d-ªm Hcp t\ctam Hcp Znh-ktam AÃ. ]Xn-\©p Znh-kw-ap-X ctm aqt¶m amk-§-tfm-f-am-Wv. AXm-bXv Hcp-Ipdn h¶ Acn tÌm¡p-Xo-cp-¶-Xp-h-sc. Hcp Ipdn R§Ä¡p In«nb tNmdnsâ ZpÀK-Ôhpw cpNn-t`-Zhpw tIhew Ak-l-\o-b-am-bn-cp-¶-Xp-sImp Pbn-en-emsI AsXmcp henb tImfn-f¡w krjvSn-¨p. Pbn-en\p shfn-bn X§Ä¡p In«p¶ Acn Pbn-en-ep-Å-XnÂ\n¶v H«pw t`Z-ap-Å-X-söp ]dªp R§sf ]m«n-em-¡p-hm³ Pbn-e-[n-Im-cn-IÄ {ian-¨p-sh-¦nepw A¯cw Acn-sIm-pÅ tNmdp `£n-¡p-¶-Xn-t\-¡mÄt`Zw H¶pw Ign-¡m-Xn-cn-¡p-I-bm-sW¶p R§Ä XoÀ¨-s¸-Sp-¯n.
Hcp \ncm-lm-c-k-a-c-¯n\p thp¶ h«-§-sfÃmw R§Ä Iq«n. \ncm-lm-c-k-a-c-¯nsâ h¡¯p R§-f-§ns\ \n¶-t¸mÄ, Cu Acn a\p-jyÀ¡p `£n-¡p-hm³ sImÅm-hp-¶-XmtWm F¶-Xns\ kw_-Ôn¨p tImb-¼-¯q-cn-epÅ Kh¬saâp Acn ]cn-tim-[-\m-hn-Z-Kv²sâ
ASp¯p B Acn Ab-¡p-hm³ saUn-¡-em-^o-kÀ k½-Xn-¡p-Ibpw ]cn-tim-[-\-bpsS ^ew Adn-bp-¶-Xp-hsc B Acn D]-tbm-Kn-¡m-Xn-cn-¡p-hm³ A[n-Ir-X-·mÀ A\p-h-Zn-¡p-Ibpw sNbvX-X-\p-k-cn¨v \ncm-lm-c-{h-X-s¯-¡p-dn-¨pÅ Btem-N\ R-§fpw \o«n-sh-¨p. AXn-¶p-tijw GXm\pw Znhkw "_n' ¢mÊp-ImÀ¡p sImSp-¯n-cp¶ ta¯cw Acn-Xs¶ "kn' ¢mÊp-ImÀ¡pw sImSp-¯p. tImb-¼-¯q-cnse Acn Kth-j-W-hn-Z-Kv²sâ A`n-{]mbw `mKy-h-im R§Ä¡-\p-Iq-e-am-bn-cp-¶p. a\p-jy-·mcpsS `£-W-¯n\p B Acn sImÅp-I-bn-söp At±lw ]cn-tim-[-\-bv¡p-tijw A`n-{]m-b-s¸-«-Xp-sImp \ncm-lm-c-k-a-c-¯nÂ\n-¶pw, B Acn-tNmdp `£n-¡p-¶-Xp-sIm-p-m-tb-¡m -hp¶ A\m-tcm-Ky-¯nÂ\n¶pw R-§Ä A¶p c£-s¸-«p. BZys¯ ]¯p-]-Xn-\©p amk-§Ä¡p-tijw ]n¶oSp In«nb Acnsb kw_-Ôn-s¨m¶pw ]d-b-¯¡ Bt£-]-§-fn-söpw ChnsS {]kvXm-hn-t¡--Xm-h-iy-am-Wv.
Pbn-ense A¶s¯ `£-Ws¯ kw_-Ôn-¨pÅ {][m-\-amb Bh-em-Xn-I-sf-Ãmw-Xs¶ BZys¯ ]¯p ]Xn-\-©p-am-k-§sf kw_-Ôn-¨mWv. R§Ä¡-\p-h-Zn-¡-s¸-«n-«pÅ tdjsâ knwl-`m-Khpw NqjWw sN¿-s¸-«p. Ce-Iv{SnIv I¼n--IÄ¡p shfn-bn-te¡p t]mIm-dp-m-bn-cp-¶Xv A¡m-e-¯m-bn-cp-¶p. hmÀ-U-dp-amÀ apX kq{]-sU--p-h-sc-bpÅ Pbn-ep-tZym-K-Ø-·mÀ¡v Cu Nqj-W-¯n ]¦p-m-bn-cp-¶p-sh-¶m-W-dn-ª-Xv. F¶m B Nqj-I-s¸-cp-¨m-gn-I-fpsS Xe-h³ A¶s¯ sU]yq«n Pbn-e-dm-bn-cp-¶p. tIm¬{Sm-IvS-d-·m-cnÂ\n¶p ssI¡qen kzoI-cn-¨p. \à km-[\-§Ä¡p-]-Icw No¯-km-[-\-§Ä kzoI-cn-¡p-¶-Xn-\p-]p-d-ta, R-§-fpsS tdj\pw AbmÄ sImÅ-sN-¿m-dp-m-bn-cp-¶p. sU]yq«n Pbn-e-dpsS sImÅ-I-gnªp _m¡n-h-cp¶ km[-\-§Ä In¨-Wn-se-¯n-bm Ahn-sS-h¨p hmÀUÀamcpsSbpw, {Inan-\ ]pÅn-I-fmb In¨³ {]hr-¯n-¡m-cp-sS-bpw, t]meo-kp-ImÀ A\m-h-iy-ambn tIÊp-I-fn ]nSn¨p in£n-¸n¨p Pbn-en-te-¡-b¨ In¨-Wn Ib-dn-Iq-Snb Nne cmjv{So-b-¯-S-hp-Im-cp-sSbpw sImÅ-bmbn.
A¡m-e¯p Iªn-tbm, tNmtdm Ign-¨m BÀ¡pw hni¸p amdm-dp-m-bn-cp-¶n-Ã. Iªn-bn shÅ-a-ÃmsX häp R§Ä In-cp-¶n-
Ã. \ymb-Ø-\pw, XS-hp-Im-cpsS c£-bn {i²m-ep-hp-am-bn-cp¶ Hcp Pbn-esd Beo-]p-c-t¯¡p amän-b-tXm-Sp-Iq-Sn-bmWv Beo-]p-cs¯ XS-hp-Im-cpsS `£-W-{]-iv\-¯n-s\mcp ]cn-lm-c-ap-m-b-Xv. AÀ²-]-«n-Wn-bmbn Ign-ªp-Iq-Sn-bn-cp¶ aqIe£-§fmb R§Ä¡p Bh-iy-¯n-\p-am{Xw A\p-h-Zn-¡-s¸-«n-«pÅ `£Ww apgp-h-\mbn In«n-bXp AXn-¶p-tijw am{X-am-Wv. B Ime¯v Iªn-Ip-Sn¨p hni-¸p-am-dn-b-h-cpw, DuWp Ignªp hb-dp-\n-d-ª-h-cp-ap-v. ]pXnb Pbn-eÀ h¶Xp-ap-X Rm³ PbnenÂ\n¶p hn«p ]pd-¯p-h-cp-¶-Xp-hsc XS-hp-ImÀ¡p Kh¬saâ-\p-h-Zn-¨n-«pÅ tdj-\nÂ\n¶v hf-sc-sbm¶pw If-hp-t]m-sb¶p ]d-bm-hp-¶-X-Ã. Noªfnª ImbvI-dn-I-fmWp R§Ä¡p an¡-hmdpw Iq«m³ In«m-dpÅ Ij-W-§Ä. "`mc-X-tZhn' F¶ Xangv ]{Xn-I-bn Beo-]pcw Pbn-enÂ\n¶v hntam-Nn-X-\m-b-Xn-\p-tijw AXnsâ ]{Xm-[n-]À Pbn-en-s\-¡p-dn-s¨-gp-Xnb Hcp teJ-\-¯n "BÀ¡pw thm¯ ImbvI-dn-IÄ {_mÒ-WÀ¡p sImSp-¡pI' F¶v Hcp Xangv sNmÃp-s¶pw AtXm-sSm¸w "{_mÒ-WÀ¡pw thm-¯Xv Beo-]pcw Pbn-en-te-¡-b-bv¡pI' F¶p Xncp-¯-¯-¡-hn-[-¯n Pbn-en X§Ä¡p In«n-bn-cp¶ ImbvI-dn-IÄ A{X-ta tami-am-bn-cp-¶p-sh¶p ]dªn-«p-v.
P-bn-en B t]cn A[nIw Adn-b-s¸-«n-cp-¶Xv I½yq-Wn-Ìp-Im-cpsS P\-Io-b-bp-²-a-Ã. Ah-cpsS ]mÀ«n-bpsS Cw¥ojp apJ-]-{X-amb ]{X-hp-a-Ã. B cÀ°-§-fnepw B cp-hm-¡p-I-tfbpw km[m-cW D]-tbm-Kn-¡p¶hÀ hÃ-hcpw Beo-]pcw Pbn-en-ep-m-bn-cp-¶p-sh-¦nÂ, AhÀ Ahn-sS-bp-m-bn-cp¶ hnc-en-t·Â F®n-XoÀ¡m-hp¶ I½yq-Wn-Ìp-ImÀ am{X-am-Wv. Ahn-sS-bp-m-bn-cp¶ asäÃm cmjv{Sob XS-hp-Im-cp-tSbpw Pbn \nL-p-hn "]o¸nÄkv hmÀ' F¶-Xnsâ AÀ°w "hgp-Xn-\n§' F¶m-Wv. C´y-bnse djy³Iq-äp-ImÀ¡p {i-h-W-]n-bq-jhpw tZim-`n-am-\n-IÄ¡v IÀ®-iq-e-hp-amb B ka-c-t]-cv, ImgvN-bnepw D]-tbm-K-¯nepw \ncp-]-{Z-hn-bmb \½psS km[p hgp-Xn-\n-§m¡v F§s\ In«n-sb-¶m-tem-Nn-¡p-¶Xv ck-I-c-am-Wv. "A[n-I-am-bm AarXpw hnjw' F¶ ]g-s©m-Ãns\ A\p-k-cn¨v F{X \à km[-\-am-bmepw A[n-I-am-bm shdp¸p tXm¶p-¶Xv a\p-jy-kz-`m-h-ams-WtÃm!
hgp-Xn-\n§ D]-{Z-h-an-Ã-¯Xpw cpNn-I-c-hp-amb Hcp-]-Zwi ]ZmÀ°-am-bn-cn-bv¡mw. ]s£ ZnhkwtXmdpw, BgvN-IÄtXm-dpw, amk-§ÄtXm-dpw D¨bv¡pw sshIp-t¶-chpw cp-t\-chpw h-gp-Xn-\-§bpsS t\Xr-Xz-¯n ]cn-¸pw, Noc-bpw-sIm-pÅ Iq«m³ Ign-bvt¡n hcp-t¼mÄ hgp-Xn-\-§-tbmSp shdp¸p tXm¶p-¶Xv B tIma-f-]-ZmÀ°-¯nsâ Ipäw-sIm--sÃ-¦nepw a\p-jy-kz-`m-h-am-WtÃm! "]o¸nÄkv hmÀ' F¶ hm¡p-IÄ ssN\-bn-te-bpw, djy-bn-tebpw _lp-P-\-§sf Bth-iw-sIm-Ån-¡p¶ hm¡p-I-fm-sW-¦nepw C´ysb kw_-Ôn-¨n-S-t¯mfw B hm¡p-IÄ¡pÅ AÀ°-iq-\y-X-sImv C´y-bnse _lp-P-\-§-fp-sS, hnin-jy-tZ-im-`n-am-\n-I-fpsS càs¯ B hm¡p-IÄ XWp-¸n-¡pI am{X-a-Ã, \ma-am-{X-amb {ih-W-¯n Ahsc shdp-¸n-¡p-I-IqSn sN¿p-¶p. HSp-hn ]dª B Htc-sbmcp at\m-hn-Im-c-amWv ]n¸nÄkp-hmdpw hgpXn-\-§bpw Beo-]p-c-¯nse cmjv{So-b¯-S-hp-Im-cn-ep-m-¡n-bn-cp-¶-Xv. hgp-Xn-\-§bv¡p ]o¸nÄkp-hmÀ F¶ t]cp sImSp-¡p-hm-\pw, B km[-\s¯ B t]cn hnfn-bv¡p-hm\pw R§sf t{]cn-¸n¨ Imc-W-§-fm-cm-bp-hm³ C\nbpw ASn-¯-«n-te¡v t]mtI--Xn-ÃtÃm!
]Þnäv Ph-lÀemÂs\lvdp Hcp-Ipdn t_mws_-bn {]kw-Kn-¨p-sIm-n-cp-¶-t¸mÄ Hcp-Iq«w I½yq-Wn-Ìp-ImÀ tbmK-Ø-e-s¯-¯n-t¨-cp-Ibpw "]o¸nÄkv hmÀ' F¶p BÀ¯p-hn-fn-¡p-Ibpw sNbvXp. ]ÞnävPn Ah-cp-sS-t\À¡p Xncn-ªp-sImp "t]mIq', P\-§-fpsS ASp-t¯¡p t]mIq, Ah-tcmSp tNmZn¡q CX-h-cpsS bp²-amtWm F¶p' F¶p ]dªn-cp-¶p-h-t{X. Cu bp²w P\-Io-b-bp-²-am-sW¶v XÂ]-c-I-£n-I-fmb I½yq-Wn-Ìp-Im-scm-gn¨v C´y-bnse GXp P\-§-fmWp ]d-bpI? Nne Bfp-IÄ¡pw, Nne km[-\-§Ä¡pw Nne aplqÀ¯-§-fn In«m-dpÅ hnIn-S-t¸-cp-IÄ Nnc-Imew \ne-\n¡p-¶-Xmbn \mw ImWm-dp--tÃm. A¯-c-¯n-semcp aplqÀ¯-¯n-em-bn-cp¶p Pbn-en hgp-Xn-\n-§bv¡p "]o¸nÄkv hmÀ' F¶ t]cp e`n-¨-Xv. Hcp ae-bmfnþ kn.-]n. IrjvW³-\mbcmsW-¶mWp tXm¶p-¶Xvþ bmWv BZy-ambn hgp-Xn-\n-§mbv¡p R§-fpsS B sIm¨p-tem-I-¯n ]o¸nÄkp-hmÀ F¶ t]cn-«-Xv. \me-©p-Zn-h-k-§ÄsImp Xan-g-cp-sS-bpw, sXep-¦-cp-tS-bpw, IÀ®m-S-I-¡m-cp-sSbpw ae-bm-fn-I-fp-tSbpw CS-bn Pbn apgp-h³ B t]cn\p {]Npc-{]-Nmcw kn²n-¨p. Kh¬saânsâ B`n-ap-Jy-¯n-em-cw-`n¨ tZiob ka-c-ap-¶Wn(National war Front)bpsS `£y-hÀ²\ {]N-c-W-¯n-\p-thn ]{X-§-fn {]kn-²-s¸-Sp-¯nb Hcp ]c-ky-¯n "Hcp Znh-k-¯n Hcp hgp-Xn-\n§ P¸m³Imsc AI-än-\nÀ¯p¶p' F¶p Fgp-Xn-bn-cp-¶p. "Hcp Znh-k-¯n Hcm-¸nÄ]gw tUmIvSsd AI-än-\nÀ¯p¶p' F¶p Cw¥o-jn Hcp sNmÃp-v. Hcp Znhkw Hcm-¸nÄ]gw hoXw `£n-¨m Btcm-Ky-¯n\p \Ã-Xm-sW¶pw tUmIvSÀam-cpsS Bhiyw Ipd-bp-sa-¶p-amWv AXnsâ AÀ°w.
Cw¥o-jn-epÅ B sNmÃns\ A]-lm-ky-amw-hn[w A\p-I-cn-¨p-m-¡n-b-XmWv "tZiob ka-c-ap--¶Wn'¡mcpsS ]pXnb sNmÃv. AÀ°-iq-\yhpw, A]-lm-ky-hp-amb B A\p-I-c-W-sNm-Ãns\ A£cw {]Xn Bt£-]n-¨p-sIm-pw, hnaÀin-¨p-sImpw "lnµp-]{Xw' Fgp-Xnb Hcp {]apJ {]kw-K-¯n s]mXp-^p C¯cw A\m-hiy ]c-ky-§Ä¡p-thn hrYm-hybw sN¿p-¶-Xns\ Bt£-]n-¡p-I-bpw, P¸m³ImÀs¡-Xn-cm-bpÅ Hcp ka-cm-bp-[-ambn hgp-Xn-\§ D]-tbm-Kn-¡m-hp-¶-Xmbn X§-fn-Xp-hsc tI«n-cp-¶n-Ãm-sb¶v ]cn-lm-k-kz-c-¯n ]d-bp-Ibpw sNbvXn-cp-¶-Xmbn hmbn-¨n-«p-v. "lnµp' ]{X-
¯nsâ apJ-{]-kw-K-¯n-\p-tijw tZiob ka-c-ap-¶-Wn-¡mÀ Ah-cpsS Ip{]-kn-²-amb B ]ckyw Dt]-£n-¨p-thm, CÃ-tbm-sb-¶-dn-bp-I-bn-sÃ-¦nepw B ]ckyw Beo-]pcw Pbn-e-[n-Ir-X-·mÀ thtZm-à-sa-¶-Xp-t]mse kzoI-cn-¨-\p-jvTn-¡p-¶p-sh¶p tXm¶p-amdp Hcp Znh-k-¯n H¶Ã ]¯Ã A\-h[n hgp-Xn-\-§-IÄ Znh-kw-tXmdpw BgvN-IÄtXmdpw amk-§ÄtXmdpw AhÀ R-§sf Xoän-¨n-cp-¶p. ka-c-ap-¶-Wn-¡m-cpsS ]cky¯n\À°-ap--¦n Hmtcm hgp-Xn-\§ Hmtcm C´ym-¡m-c³ Xn¶p-t¼m-gpw, Hmtcm P¸m³Im-c³ Npcp-§n-bXv Hmtcm AS-nsb-¦nepw ]nt¶m-«p-h-bv¡p-I-bm-sW-¦n Beo-]pcw Pbn-ense XS-hp-Im-cmb cm-bnc¯n Nneym\w Bfp-I-fmb R§Ä CXp-hsc Xn¶n-«pÅ hgp-Xn-\-§-bpsS IW-s¡-Sp-¡p-I-bm-sW-¦n P¸m³Im-c³ Ct¸m-tg¡p ]cn-k-c-{]-tZ-i-§-fnÂ\n-¶p-am-{X-aà P¸m-\nÂ\n¶v Xs¶ ]n³hm-§n-bn-«p-m-bn-cn-¡-Ww.
"tZio-b-k-ac ap¶-Wn-¡msc' \n§-fpsS hgp-Xn-\n§m ]c-kyhpw R§-fpsS ]o¸nÄkp-hmdpw P¸m³ImÀs¡-Xn-cm-sW-¦n hgp-X-\-§mbv¡v ]o¸nÄkvhmÀ F¶ t]cn-«-Xn \n§Ä R§-tfmSv tIm]n-¡p-I-bn-söv R§Ä kam-[m-\n-¡p-¶p. tZio-b-k-ac ap¶-Wn-¡m-tcmSp "P\-Io-b-k-acw' kw_-Ôn¨v (Peoples war) kl-I-cn-¡p¶ "tZiob I½yq-Wn-Ìp-ImÀ¡pw R§-tfmSv \oc-k-¯n-¶-h-Im-i-an-söv Icp-Xp-¶p.
Rm³ Pbn-en-se-¯p-t¼mÄ \ho³ Ahn-sS-bp-m-bn-cp-¶p. BKÌp hn¹-h-¯n ]s¦-Sp-¯-Xn\v tImgn-t¡ms« kmaq-Xncn tImtf-Pn \n¶v Ad-Ìp-sNbvXp in£n-¡-s¸-«n-«mWv \ho-\-\pw, Zmtam-Z-c\pw Pbn-en h¶n-«p-Å-Xv. Pbn-en-se-¯nbXn\p-tijw cmjv{Sob XS-hp-Im-cpsS FÃm-h-cp-tSbpw I®n-ep-®n-bm-bn-cp¶p \ho³N-µv. t_mws_-bn P\n-¨v, kqd-än Pohn-¨p, tIc-f-¯n hfÀ¶ Hcp _me-\m-bn-cp¶p \ho³N-µv. ]Tn-¡p-hm³ In«nb kµÀ`-§-sfÃmw Ah³ ]Tn-¸n-\p-thn D]-tbm-Kn-¨p. kmam\yw t`Z-s¸« IpSpw-_-¯n P\n¨ B Ip«n, KpP-dm-¯n-I-fpsS Blm-c-{I-a-§-fmWp ho«n ioen-¨n-cp-¶-Xv. F¶m Pbn-en-se-¯n-b-t¸mÄ Blm-c-{I-a-§-sfÃmw ]msS ]ni-In-t¸m-bn. aq¶p-am-ks¯ in£-bp-am-bn-«mWv Ah³ Pbn-en-se-¯n-b-sX-¦nepw cp-amkw ]qÀ¯n-bm-Ip-¶-Xn\p ap¼p-Xs¶ B Ip«n tcmK-_m-[n-X-\m-bn. Unkw-_À A©mw-Xo-bXn \ho³ ]\n-]n-Sn¨p InS-¸n-em-bn. Pbn-en Bip-]-{Xn-bn \n¶v NnIn-Õ-IÄ \S-¯n-sb-¦nepw tcmK-i-a-\-ap-m-bn-Ã. ae-¼-\n-bm-sW¶v tUmIvSÀamÀ sXän-²-cn-¨Xv hnjPz-c-am-sW¶v a\-Ên-em-Ip-hm³ hfsc sshIn-bn-cp-¶p.
Unkw-_À 27-þmwXobXn tcmKw hfsc hÀ²n-¨p. Beo-]p-cw Pbn BsI H¶n-f-In-a-dn-ªp. tUmIvSÀamcpw A¼-c-¶p. s_Ãmcn slUvtIzmÀt«gvkv Bip-]-{Xn-bn-te¡v \ho³N-µns\ amä-W-sa-¶m-bn-cp¶p R§-fpsS Bh-iyw. HSp-hn saUn-¡-em-^o-kÀ s]mXp-P-\m-`n-{]m-b-¯n\p hg-§n. t]meokv temdn Pbn-en IS-¶p-h-¶p. R-§-sfÃmw \nÊ-lm-b-cm-bn, \nÀ¶n-ant-j-cmbn, hy-k-\-]m-c-h-iy-t¯msS t\m¡n-\nÂt¡, \ho-\n-t\bpw Ibän t]meokv temdn Imcm-Km-c-¯nsâ Icm-f-amb Ihm-Shpw IS¶p t]mbn. R§Ä kam-[m-\-t¯msS H¶m-iz-kn-¨p.
30-þmw XobXn \ho-\sâ ]nXmhp (kn-Ôym-Ìow-\m-hn-tK-j³ I¼-\n-bpsS Akn-Ìâp amt\-PÀ) amÌÀ. Cuiz-c-emÂ, aIsâ tcmK-hr-¯m´w Adn-bn-¡p¶ I¼nIn«n, _Ãm-cn-bn-se-¯n. AÑs\ ImWp-hm³ aI-\pw, aI-s\-¡m-Wp-hm³ AÑ\pw Hc-h-kcw In«nsb-¶p-am-{Xw. 31-þmw XobXn Ime¯p \mep-a-Wnbv¡p \ho³Nµv Cl-tem-I-hmkw shSn-ªp. 31-þmw XobXn Xsâ tcmKw t`Z-am-Ip-sa¶pw P\p-hcn 5þmw XobXn Imcm-Kr-l-hn-ap-à-\mbn \m«n-tebv¡p bm{X sN¿p-
hm-\pÅ BtcmKyw X\n¡p In«p-sa-¶pw, Bip-]-{Xn-bnÂ\n¶v B Ip«n ]d-ªn-cp-¶p. Hcp kpZn-\-am-Ip-sa¶p B _me³ Icp-Xn-bn-cp¶ Unkw-_À 31, Ahsâ XymK-kp-µ-c-amb Pohn-X-¯n\p Adp-Xn-h-cp-¯nb ZpÀZn-\-ambn ]cn-W-an-¨p. alm-ß-Pnsb {]k-hn¨ KpP-dm-¯n-tâ-bpw, s\t¸m-fn-bs\ tXmÂ]n¨ shÃnw-KvS-t\m-tS-äp-ap-«nb ]g-Èn-cm-Pm-hns\ s]ä tIc-f-¯nsâ ]mc-¼-cy-§Ä IeÀ¶ cà-amWv \ho³N-µnsâ knc-I-fn-sem-gp-In-bn-cp-¶-Xv. acn-¡p-t¼mÄ ]s¯m-¼Xp hbÊp am{X-am-bn-cp¶p Ah\p {]mbw.
\ho³ tIc-fo-b-hn-ZymÀ°n-IÄs¡mcp amXr-I-bm-bn-cp-¶p. tImgn-t¡ms« kmaq-Xncn tImtf-Pn (Pq-\n-bÀ CâÀao-Un-bäp ¢mÊnÂ) ]Tn-¨p-sIm-n-cp¶ Ime-¯mWv alm-ß-Pn-bpsS A´y-k-a-c-¯nsâ ]S-sbm-cp-¡-§-fpw, ]S-l-[z-\n-Ifpw \ho³ Nµnsâ ImXp-I-fn h¶-e-¨-Xv. "Up, HmÀ. ssU' (Do or die) {]hÀ¯n-¡pI þ AsÃ-¦n acn-bv¡p-I.' F¶ alm-ß-Pn-bpsS A´y-k-tµiw \ho³N-µn Bth-i-]p-fIw ]qin. \ho³ {]hÀ¯n-¡p-hm-s\m-cp-§n.
hnZymÀ°n-bmb Xsâ {]hÀ¯-\-cwKw hnZymÀ°n-I-fpsSbnS-bn-em-sW¶v Ah³ a\-Ên-em-¡n. tImgn-t¡ms« hnZymÀ°n-I-fp-sS-bn-S-bn tZiob {]_p-²-X-bp-f-hm-¡p-hm\pw hnZymÀ°n-Isf IÀt½m-·p-J-cm-¡p-hm\pw thn \ho³Nµv Xsâ kl-{]-hÀ¯-I-\mb Fw. kn. Zmtam-Z-c-\p-ambn tNÀ¶p-\S-¯nb tZio-b-tk-h-\-§Ä tImgn-t¡ms« hnZymÀ°n-temIw hnkva-cn-¡p-I-bn-Ã.
tImgn-t¡m«v skâv tPmk^vkv sslkvIq-fnÂ\n¶v hnZym-`ymkw ]qÀ¯n-bm-¡n-b-Xn-\p-ti-j-amWv \ho³ kmaq-Xn-cn-tIm-tf-Pn tNÀ¶-Xv. tZiob kac-m-cw-`-¯nÂ\-S¶ hnZymÀ°n-I-fpsS kvss{S¡nsâ NcSp ]nSn-¨Xp \ho³Nµv Bbn-cp-¶p. Kh¬saânsâ I®n \ho³ Hcm-]¡m-cn-bm-bn. tImgn-t¡ms« {]t£m-`-W-¯nsâ XojvWX Ipd-bv¡p-hm³ \ho³N-µn-t\-bpw, Zmtam-Z-c-s\-bpw AdÌp sNt¿--Xm-sW¶p Icp-Xn, t]meokp Ahsc AdÌp sNbvXp. Hmtcm-cp-¯À¡pw 75 Ddp-¸nI ]ngbpw ]ng AS-bv¡m-¯-]£-w aq¶p-am-ks¯ shdpw XShpw in£-bmbn hn[n-¨p. \ho³N-µnsâ A½ ]ng AS¨v aIs\ hnSp-hn-¡m-\p-t±-in-¨p. "A½ Fsâ ]ng AS¨v Fs¶ hnSp-hn-bv¡p-I-bm-sW-¦n ]ns¶ \ho-\ns\ Poh-t\m-Sp-IqSn A½bv¡p ImWp-hm³ km[n-¡p-I-bn-söv HmÀ½-bn-cn-bv¡-s«.' CXm-bn-cp¶p B hoc-Ip-am-
c³ t]meo-kp-Im-c-psS AI-¼-Sn-tbm-Sp-IqSn Beo-]pcw Pbn-en-tebv¡p t]mIp-t¼mÄ tImgn-t¡ms« sdbnÂth ^vtfäp-t^m-anÂsh¨v Xsâ {]ob-s¸« amXm-hn-t\mSp ]dª HSp-hn-es¯ hm¡p-IÄ.
A½ ]ng AS-¨n-Ã. aI³ Pbn-en-te¡p t]mbn. P\p-hcn amk-¯nse BZy-hm-c-¯n aIsâ hchpw {]Xo-£n-¨n-cp¶ amXm-hn\p Unkw-_À 31-þmw XobXn aI³ acn-¨p-t]mbn F¶ hÀ¯-am-\-a-dn-bn-¡p¶ I¼n-bmWp In«n-b-Xv. A½ ]ng AS-¨m Fs¶ Poh-t\msS ImWp-I-bnà F¶p ]dª aIs\ ]ng ASbv¡m-Xn-cp-¶n«pw A½bv¡p Poh-\n-Ãm¯ \ne-bnÂt]mepw ImWp-hm³ km[n-¨n-Ã.
1943 se \h-h-Õ-c-]p-ecn \ho³N-µn\p ]peÀ¶n-Ã. kzX{´`mc-X-¯nsâ \thm-Zbw ImWp-hm³ ASÀ¡-f-¯n-en-d§nb B ]S-bm-fn¡p AXp km[n-¡msX t]mbn. Ncn-{X-¯n-epw, CXn-lm-k-¯nepw Rm³ Hcp DZm-l-c-Wta ImWp-¶p-Åq. Ipcp-t£-{X-¯nse cWm-¦-W-¯n [À½-¯n-\pw, \oXn-bv¡pw-thn càwNn´n hoc-arXyp hcn¨ [oc-Ip-am-c³ A`n-a-\yp. B[p-\nI `mc-X-¯nse A`n-\h A`n-a-\yp-hmWv \ho³N-µv. Beo-]p-c-amWv Ipcp-t£-{Xw. Ct¸mÄ \S-¶p-I-gnª `mc-X-bp-²-¯nÂ, C´y³ kzmX-{´y-¯nsâ Ncn-{X-¯n X¦-en-]n-I-fnte \ho³N-µnsâ t]À Fgp-Xn-¡q-Sq.
`mhn-sb-¡p-dn¨p `mhn-bn Fs´Ãmw at\m-l-c-kz-]v\-§-fm-bn-cp¶p B taml-\-_m-e-\p-m-bn-cp-¶Xv? `mc-X-¯nsâ `mhn cmjv{So-bm-´-co-£-¯n Hcp A\ÀL tPmXn-Êmbn ]cn-e-kn-¡p-hm-\pÅ Ignhv B _me-\n \n£n-]vX-§-fm-bn-cp-¶p-sh¶v Ahs\ ASp¯p ]cn-N-bn-¨-hÀs¡Ãmw Adn-bm-am-bn-cp-¶p. `mhn-bnse {]hÀ¯-\-§Ä¡v KpP-dm-t¯m, tIc-ftam \n§Ä Xnc-sª-Sp-¡pI F¶p tNmZn-¨-t¸mÄ "KpP-dm-¯n [mcmfw ]W-¡m-cp-v. AhnsS Fsâ {]hÀ¯\w Bh-iy-an-Ã. KpP-dm-¯nÂ\n¶p ]Ww-sIm-p-h¶v tIc-f-¯nse {Kma-§sf Fsâ {]hÀ¯-\-tI-{µ-§-fm-¡p-hm-\mWv Rm\m-in-¡p-¶-Xv.' F¶m-bn-cp¶p \ho-\nsâ adp-]-Sn. \ho-\nsâ apIp-f-{]m-b-amb PohnXw hnI-kn-¡p-¶-Xn\p ap¼p-Xs¶ Icn-ªp-t]m-b-Xp-sIm-pÅ Xocm-\jvSw tIc-f-¯n-tâ-Xm-Wv. ASÀ¡-f-¯n ]S-¡p-Xn-c-ta-en-cp¶p t]mcm-Sp-t¼mÄ hoc-ar-Xy-h-Sª Hcp [oc-`-S-\mWv \ho³-Nµv Cuiz-c-emÂ. "Up HmÀ ssU' "{]hÀ¯n-bv¡pI þ AsÃ-¦n acn-bv¡pI' F¶ alm-ß-Pn-bpsS A´y-k-tµ-i-¯n\p \ho³ Xsâ Poh³sImpw ac-Ww-sImpw adp-]Sn \ÂIn.
Beo-]pcw Pbn-ense cmjv{So-b-X-S-hp-Imsc hf-sc-tbsd thZ-\n-¸n¨ asämcp kw`-h-am-bn-cp¶p tIm¼n-¡p-«n-ta-t\msâ Pbn-enÂsh-¨pÅ \ncymWw. ]me-¡mSv PnÃ-bnse Be-¯qÀ Xmeq-¡n XcqÀ{Km-a-amWv At±-l-¯nsâ kztZ-iw. BKÌp hn¹hw {]am-Wn¨v Xcq-cnÂ-tNÀ¶ Hcp tbmK-¯n B²y£w hln-¨p-sh-¶p-Å-Xm-bn-cp¶p At±lw sNbvX Ipäw. H¶-c-s¡m-Ãs¯ ITn-\-X-S-hn\p in£n-¡-s¸« At±lw Beo-]pcw Pbn-en Ign-bp-I-bm-bn-cp-¶p. Pbn-ense `£-Whpw aäp kml-N-cy-§fpw At±-ls¯ tcmK-i-¿-bn F¯n-¨p. AXn-km-c-am-bn-cp¶p At±-l-¯n\p ]nSn-Iq-Snb tcmKw. 1943-þse s^{_p-hcn 17-þ\p sshIp-t¶cw A©p-a-Wn¡v At±lw \ncym-X-\m-bn.
\ho³Nµv acn-¨Xv Pbn-en-\p- ]p-d¯v Bip-]-{Xn-bn sh¨mbncp¶p-sh-¦n tIm¼n-¡p-«n-ta-t\m³ R-§sf hn«p-]n-cn-ªXv R-§-fp-sS-bn-S-bnÂ-\n-¶p-X-s¶-bm-bn-cp-¶p. C´y-bpsS kzmX-{´y-k-¼m-Z-\-¯n-\p-thn PbnÂhmkw hcn-¨-h-cn cm-as¯ BfmWv ASÀ¡-f-¯n R§sf hn-«p--]n-cnª tIm¼n-¡p-«n-ta-t\m³. ]ntä-Zn-hkw Ime¯v tUmIvSÀ h¶v ih-i-cocw ]cn-tim-[n¨v acn-¨p-sh¶v kÀ«nss^ sNbvX-Xn\p tijw ]pd-¯p-\n¶pw hcp-¯nb JmZn-h-kv{X-§-fm-epw, {XnhÀ®-]-Xm-I-I-fm-epw, ]q¡-sf-s¡mpw aqSs¸« B Iriicocw Pbn-en-\p-]p-d-¯pÅ ih-¸-d-¼n sImp-t]m-bn. acn-¡p-t¼mÄ At±-l-¯n\v ap¸-¯n--tbgv hb-Êp-am-{Xta {]mb-ap-m-bn-cp-¶p-Åq.
IkvXqÀ_m-bpsS \ncymWw
s^{_p-hcn amk-¯nÂ-X-s¶-bmWv IkvXqÀ_m-KmÔn ]q\-bnse BKm-Jm³ sIm«m-c-¯nÂsh¨v \ncym-X-bm-bn-sb-¶pÅ hmÀ¯ R§-f-dn-ª-Xv. alm-ß-Pn-tbm-sSm-¸-am-bn-cp¶p Ahsc AdÌp sNbvX-Xv. alm-ß-Pn-bp-sS-IqsS Ah-tcbpw alm-ß-Pn-bpsS ss{]häv sk{I-«-dn-bm-bn-cp¶ alm-tZ-h-tZ-im-bn-sbbpw BKm-Jm³ sIm«m-c-¯nÂX-s¶-bmWv XS-§-en-Âsh-¨-Xv. XS-§-en Ccn-¡p-t¼m-gmWv IkvXqÀ_m-Km-Ôn-bpw, alm-tZ-h-tZ-im-bnbpw hoc-N-caw {]m]n-¨-Xv. kzmX-{´y-e-_v[n-¡p-th--nbpÅ C´y-bpsS A´y-k-a-c-¯n ka-
c-\m-b-I-\mb alm-Xva-Pn-tbm-sSm¸w Pbn-en Ign-bp-t¼mÄ acn-¡p-hm-\n-S-h¶ hoc-tbm-²m-¡-fm-W-hÀ. Ah-cpsS kvac-W-bv¡p-ap-¼n \mtamhm-I-aÀ¸n¡p-hm-\-ÃmsX AtX ka-c-¯n ]¦m-fn-I-fmbn asämcp Pbn-en \mfp-IÄ Ign-¡p-hm³ \nÀ_-Ôn-X-cmb cmjv{So-b-¯-S-hp-Im-cmb R§Ä¡v asä´p sN¿p-hm³ km[n¡pw.
aäpÅ {][m-\-s¸« \ncym-W-§Ä
]Þnäv Ph-lÀemÂs\lvdp-hnsâ kyme-\pw, hnP-b-e£van ]Þn-änsâ `À¯m-hp-amb BÀ. Fkv. ]Þnän-sâ-bpw, Z£n-tW-´y-bnse kp{]-kn-²-\mb tIm¬{KÊv t\Xm-hpw, AXy-Ö-ze-\mb hmÜn-bp-amb Fkv. kXy-aqÀ¯n F¶n-h-cp-sSbpw \ncym-W-hmÀ¯bpw R§Ä tI«Xv Beo-]pcw Pbn-en-\p-ÅnÂsh-¨m-Wv.
Fs¶ thZ-\n-¸n¨ aq¶p ac-W-§Ä
Fsâ a\-Êns\ hymIp-e-s¸-Sp-¯nb aq¶p ac-W-§-sf-¡p-dn-¨p-IqSn Pbn-en-\p-ÅnÂsh¨v F\n¡p tIÄt¡--Xmbn h¶n-«p-v. B aq¶p-t]cpw Fsâ P·-Ø-e-amb Xe-tÈ-cn-bn-ep-Å-h-cm-bn-cp-¶p-sh -¦nepw aq¶p aÞ-e-§-fn AJn-e-tI-cf {]i-kvX-cm-bn-XoÀ¶n-«pÅ aq¶p alm-c-Y-·m-cm-bn-cp-¶p. AhÀ aq¶p-t]-cp-ambpw F\n¡p ASp¯ _Ô-hpw, kulmÀ±-hp-ap-m-bn-cp-¶p. Rm³ Pbn-en t]mIp-¶-Xn-\p-ap¼v AhÀ aq¶p-t]-tcbpw Hmtcm kµÀ`-§-fn-embn ImWp-hm\pw F\n¡p kµÀ`w e`n-¨n-cp-¶p.
kn.hn. \mcm-b-W³\m-bcpw Rm\pw H¯p-tNÀ¶p ]e ]cy-S-\-§fpw \S-¯n-bn-«p-v. tIc-f-¯nse an¡ {]tZ-i-§-fnepw At±-l-¯nsâ t\Xr-Xz-¯n If-cn-¸-bäp {]ZÀi-\-§Ä \S-¶-t¸mÄ At±-l-¯nsâ If-cn-kw-L-am-bn-cp¶ tIcf IfcnkwL-¯nsâ Imcy-ZÀin Rm-\m-bn-cp-¶p. Xt¨mfn HtX-\-\p-tijw If-cn-b-`ym-k-§Ä¡v t]cpw, s]cp-abpw t\Sn-s¡m-Sp-¯n-«p-Å-h-cn {]Y-a-K-W-\o-b³ At±-l-am-bn-cp-¶p. Z£n-tW-´ybn-epw, kntem-Wnepw Xsâ A`ym-k-]m-Shw {]ZÀin-¸-n¡p-hm³ At±-l-¯n\p km[n-¨n-«p-v. F¶m D¯-tc-´y-bn Hcp {]ZÀi-\-]-cyS\w \S-¯p-hm³ At±-l-hpw, Rm\pw B{K-ln-¨n-cp-¶p. AXn-\n-S-bn-emWv BK-Ìp-hn-¹hw IS-¶p-h-¶-Xv. Rm³ Ccp-¼-gn-IÄ¡p-Ån-em-b-Xpw. C¶nXm If-cn-b-`ym-k-hn-Z-Kv²-\mb kn.-
hn. \mcm-b-W³\m-bÀ A´-cn-¨p-sh-¶pÅ {Iqc-hmÀ¯ Pbn-en-\p-Ån-te¡v ]pXp-Xmbn h¶-hÀ sImp-h-¶n-cn¡p-I-bm-Wv.
AXp-t]m-se-h¶ asämcp hmÀ¯-bmWv Fw.-BÀ. \mbÀ (k-Ö-b³) A´-cn-¨p-sh-¶p-Å-Xv. tIc-f-¯nsâ kmln-Xym-´-co-£-¯n s]s«-¶p-bÀ¶p-s]m-§nb Hcp sImÅn-ao\m-bn-cp¶p Fw.BÀ.-\m-bÀ. kRvP-b³ F¶ t]cn At±-l-sa-gp-Xn-s¡m-n-cp¶ teJ-\-]-c-¼-c-Isf hnkva-cn-¡p-hm³ tIc-f-¯n-emÀs¡-¦nepw km[n-¡p-tam. ASÀ¡-f-¯nÂsh-¨mWp Rm\-h-km-\-ambn At±-ls¯ I-Xv. "kzX-{´-`m-cX'sa¶ t]cn A\-[n-Ir-X-ambn tIm¬{K-Êp-ImÀ A¨-Sn¨p hnX-cWw sNbvXn-cp¶ ]{X-¯n Hcp teJ-\-sa-gp-X-phm³thn-bm-bn-cp¶p Rm³ HSp-hn At±-ls¯ kµÀin-¨n-cp-¶-Xv. BKÌp hn¹-h-¯n ]¦m-fn-bmbn Rm³ Pbn-en InS-¡p-t¼mÄ At±-l-¯nsâ \ncym-W-hmÀ¯ tIÄt¡--n-h-cp-sa¶v Bc-dn-ªp.
AXy´w ZpxJ-tl-Xp-I-ambn Pbn-en-se-¯nb asämcp hmÀ¯ FÂ.-F-Êv. {]`p-hnsâ \ncym-W-hmÀ¯-bm-bn-cp-¶p. Pbn-en-te¡p hcp-t¼mÄ tImS-Xn-bnÂsh-¨mWp Ah-km-\-ambn Rm\-t±-ls¯ I-Xv. Fsâ tI-Ênsâ hnNm-cW \S-¶p-sIm-n-cp-¶-t¸mÄ FÂ.-FÊv. {]`p tImS-Xn-bn-ep-m-bn-cp-¶p. ]¯n-cp-]--¯©p hÀj-§-fmbn Xe-tÈ-cn-bnse tIm¬{K-Ênsâ t\XrXzw hln-¡p-Ibpw AXn-\p-Ån H¶p cp-X-hW tIc-f-¯n\p Xs¶ t\XrXzw sImSp-¡p-Ibpw sNbvXn-«pÅ B cmjv{Sob `ojvaÀ A¶p tImS-Xn-bn-ep-m-bn-cp-¶-Xn Rm\-Xy´w kt´m-j-hm-\m-bn-cp-¶p. Rm³ Pbn-en-te¡p t]mbn A[n-I-\mÄ Ign-bp-¶-Xn\p ap¼v At±-ls¯ Ad-Ìp-sN-bXv XS-¦-en shbv¡p-hm³ Aa-cm-hXn¡p sImp-t]m-bn. Ahn-sS-\n¶v NnIn-ÕmÀ°w aZn-cm-inbv¡p sImp-h-cn-Ibpw, tcmKw t`Z-an-söp I-t¸mÄ At±-ls¯ hn«-b-bv¡p-I-bp-am-Wp-m-b-Xv. hn«-b¨p A[n-I-\mÄ Ign-bp-¶-Xn-\p-ap³]v FÂ.-FÊv. {]`p Cl-tem-I-t¯mSp hnS hm§n.
Xe-tÈ-cn-bn Xncp-h-§m«v F¶ {]tZ-i-¯pÅ Hcp NXp-c{i ^Àtem-§n-\-I¯p Cu aq¶p alm-\-jvS-§Ä ASp-¯-Sp-¯mbn kw`-hn-¨p. B aq¶p \jvS-§fpw B aq¶p aÞ-e-§-fn ]cn-l-cn-¡p-hm-\m-Im¯ aq¶p alm \jvS-§-fp-am-bn-cp-¶p. cmjv{So-b-¯nÂ
FÂ.-F-Êv. {]`p-hn-tâ-bpw, kmln--Xy-¯n Fw.-BÀ. \mb-cp-tSbpw, Imbn-Im-`ym-k-¯n kn.-hn. \mcm-b-W³-\m-b-cpsSbpw \ncym-Ww-sIm-p-mb \jvSw \nI-¯p-hm³ C\n Bcp-v. Cu aq¶p alm-c-Y-·m-cp-sSbpw A{]-Xo-£n-X-hpw, thZ-\m-P-\-I-hp-amb thÀ]m-Sn Beo-]pcw Pbn-en-\p-Ån Ign-bp¶ F\n¡v Fsâ I®p-\oÀI-W-§Ä AÀ¸n-¡p-I-b-ÃmsX asä´p sN¿p-hm³ km[n-¡pw.
]me-¡mSv Kh¬saâv hn-IvtSm-dnb tImtf-Pn sI.-Ip-am-c³ CâÀao-Un-bäv ¢mÊn ]Tn-¡p¶ Ime-¯mWv B-K-Ìp-hn-¹hw s]m«n-¸p-d-s¸-«-Xv. "Iznäv C´ym'bpsS ktµiw At±-l-¯nsâ ImXp-I-fnepw h¶-W-ªp. At±lw tImtf-Pn \n¶pw ]pd-¯n-d-§n. hnZymÀ°n-IÄ¡p t\XrXzw sImSp-¯p-sImv {]hÀ¯-\-§-fm-cw-`n-¨p. tImtf-Pn-\p-Ån Ib-d-cp-sX¶v At±-l-¯n\p Xm¡o-Xp-apmbn-cp-¶p-sh-¦nepw At±lw tImtf-Pn-\p-Ån IS-¶p-Xs¶ {]hÀ-¯n-¨p. {]-hÀ¯-\-§fpsS ^e-ambn BK-Ìp-amkw 20-þmw XobXn At±-ls¯ tImtf-PnÂsh-¨-v AdÌp sNbvXp. sk]vXw-_À \memw-Xo-bXn At±-l-¯n¶p H¶-c-hÀjs¯ ITn-\-X-S-hpw, cp-am-ks¯ shdpw-X-S-hp-ambn in£ hn[n-¨p. At±-ls¯ t\sc Beo-]p-c-t¯¡p sIm-p-t]m-hp-Ibpw sNbvXp.
Beo-]p-c-s¯¯n A[n-I-\mÄ Ign-bp-¶-Xn-\p-ap¼p Ipam-c\pw, Rm\pw kvt\ln-X-·m-cm-bn-¯oÀ-¶p. Htc t»m¡n-em-bn-cp¶p R-§-fp-m-bn-cp-¶-Xv. Znhkw Ign-bp-t´mdpw R§-fpsS kulrZw IqSn-h-cn-I-bpw, ]n¶oSp an¡-hmdpw A[n-I-k-a-bhpw R§-sfm-¶n-¨p-Xs¶ Ign-bp-Ibpw sNbvXp-sIm-n-cp-¶p.
A§-s\-bn-cn-¡p-t¼mÄ Ipam-csâ Nn´m-K-Xn-I-fp-ambn F\n¡p ]cn-N-b-s¸-Sp-hm-\n-S-h-¶p. Pbn-en¶p shfn-bn kzmX-{´y-k-acw Bfn-¸Scp-t¼mÄ Iptd Bfp-IÄ Pbn-en-\p-Ån AS-¨p-aqSn Ign-bp-¶-Xn Hcp s]mcp-¯-t¡-Sp-s¶p At±-l-¯n¶p tXm¶n. "{]hÀ¯n--¡pI þ AsÃ-¦n acn-¡pI' F¶tà KmÔnPn ]d-ªn-«p-Å-Xv. {]hÀ¯n-¡msX Pbn-en Ign-bp¶Xnt\-¡mÄt`Zw acn-¡p-I-b-tÃ. AYhm {]hr-¯n-¡p-hm³thn Pbn-enÂ\n¶v NmSn ]pd-¯p-t]m-Ip-hm³ {ian-¡p-t¼mÄ ]nSn-In-«n-bmÂ-Xs¶ acn-¡p-I-btà th-Xp-Åq. At¸mgpw "{]hÀ¯n-¡p-Iþ AsÃ-¦n acn-¡pI' F¶pÅ KmÔn-Pn-bpsS IÂ]\ \mw A\p-k-cn-bv¡p-I-btà sN¿p-¶p-Åq. CXm-bn-cp¶p At±-l-¯nsâ Nn´m-K-Xn. B Nn´m-K-Xnsb \ncp-Õm-l-s¸-Sp-¯p-hm³ Rm³ ]e-t¸mgpw {ian-¨n-cp-¶p-sh-¦nepw F\n¡p B Imcy-¯n ]d-b-¯¡ hnPbw t\Sp-hm³ Ign-ªn-cp-¶n-Ã.
"sXfn¨ hgntb t]mbn-sÃ-¦n t]mb-h-gnsb sXfn-¡pI' F¶ \b-amWv B Imcy-¯n ]ns¶ Rm³ kzoI-cn-¨-Xv. At±-l-¯nsâ ]cn-]m-Sn-I-sfÃmw Rm\p-ambn NÀ¨ sN¿m-dp-m-bn-cp-¶p. PbnÂ-NmSn ]pd-¯p-I-S-¡-Wsa-¦n Xt±-in-b-cmb Bfp-I-fpsS klm-b-k-l-I-c-W-§-fn-ÃmsX km²y-am-Ip-I-bn-Ã. AXp-sImv s_Ãm-cn-¡m-cmb cmjv{So-b-¯-S-hp-Im-cp-ambn At±lw Cu Imcyw NÀ¨ sNbvXp. Ah-cn NneÀ PbnÂin-£-bpsS Imem-h-[n-I-gnªp ]pd-t¯¡p t]mIp-¶-h-cm-bn-cp-¶p. Ah-cn "_pÀfn' F¶p t]cpÅ _Ãm-cn-¡m-c-\mb Hcp XS-hp-Im-c\pw Dm--bn-cp-¶p. At±-l-hp-ambn Ipam-c³ IqSn-bm-tem-Nn-¡p-Ibpw _Àfn P-bn hnap-à-\mbn t]mb-Xn-\p-tijw cl-ky-ambn At±-l-hp-ambn I-¯n-S-]m-Sp-IÄ \S-¯p-Ibpw sNbvXp-sIm-n-cp-¶p. `mj Adn-bmsX ]pd-¯p-t]m-b-Xp-sImv {]tbm-P-\-an-sÃ-¶-t±lw a\-Ên-em-¡n. t]msc-¦n ]p-d-s¯¯n A[nIw Ign-bp-¶-Xn-\p-ap³]p-Xs¶ hopw AI-t¯¡p hcp-hm³ `mjm ]cn-Úm-\-an-Ãmbva CS-h-cp-¯p-Ibpw sN¿pw. AXp-sImp At±lw Pbn-en-\p-ÅnÂsh¨p `mj ]Tn¡p-hm³ XpS-§n.
_Ãm-cn-bn H¶Ã cpv `mj. Hcp Zzn`mjm {]tZ-i-amb _Ãm-cn-bn IÀ®m-S-I-hpw, sXep-¦pw, Ahn-Ss¯ `mj-I-fm-Wv. A¶p B{Ô-bnse Z¯p-Pn-Ã-I-fnÂs¸-«-Xm-bn-cp-¶p-sh-¦nepw C¶p _Ãmcn IÀ®m-S-I-¯n-em-Wv. AXp-sImv Ipam-c³ Pbn-enÂsh¨p sXep-¦pw, IÀ®m-SIhpw ]Tn¡p-hm-\m-cw-`n-¨p. km-am\yw `wKn-bmbn B cp `mj-Ifpw P-bn-en-\p-ÅnÂsh¨v ssIImcyw sN¿p-hm³ Ipam-c\p Ign-bp-am-bn-cp-¶p. ]n¶o-SpÅ At±-l-¯nsâ {iaw Pbn-en-\p-ÅnÂ\n¶p c£-s¸-Sp-hm-\pÅ amÀ¤-§-sf-¡p-dn-¨m-bn-cp-¶p.
XS-hp-ImÀ¡p `£Ww ]mIwsN¿p-hm³ Nne XShp-Imsc sImp-t]m-Ip¶ ]Xn-hp-v. A¯c¯n `£Ww ]mIw sN¿p-hm-\pÅ XS-hp-Im-cn-sem-cm-fm-bn-cn-¡p-hm³ Ipam-c³ kzbw k¶-²-\m-bn. A§s\ Ipsd amk-§Ä XS-hp-Im-cpsS Ipin-\n-bn Ipam-c³ tPmen sNbvXp-sIm-n-cp-¶p. tPmen sNbvXp-sIm-n-cn-¡p-¶-Xn-\n-S-bn-emWp B sImÃs¯ Xangv ]pXp-hÀjm-cw`w ASp-¯p-h-¶-Xv. A¶p-X-s¶-bm-bn-cp¶p ae-bm-fn-IÄ¡p {][m-\-amb hnjp-hpw. Nne atlm-Õ-h-§-fn Pbn-ense XS-hp-ImÀ¡p `£Ww sImSp-¡p-hm³ sh-fn-bn-ep-Å-hÀ¡p A-\p-hm-Z-ap-m--Im-dp-v. Ah-bn-sem-¶mWp Cu
]pXp-hÀjm-cw-`w. B Znhkw Pbn-en-ep-Å-h-cpsS `£-W-¯n-¶m-h-iy-amb km-[-\-km-a-{Kn-IÄ Pbn-en-se-¯n-¡p-hm³ shfn-bn-ep-Å-hÀ A\p-h-Zn-¡-s¸-«p. B Zn-hkw B km[-\-§ÄsImv XS-hp-ImÀXs¶ `£-W-km-[-\-§Ä Dm¡n XS-hp-ImÀ¡p hnX-cWw sN¿pw.
A§s\ A¡p-dn-bs¯ ]p-Xp-hÀjm-cw-`-¯n Ipam-c-\pw, Iq«p-Imcpw cm{Xn apgp-h\pw Dd-¡-an-f¨v Ipin-\n-bn tPmen-sN--¿p-I-bm-bn-cp-¶p. Pbn-en-\p-Npäpw `{Z-amb I¼n-th-en-I-fp-v. B I¼n-th-en-I-fn hnZyp-Xv{]-hm-l-apÅ Nne I¼n-I-fp-ap-v. Pbn-enÂ\n¶v hÃ-hcpw NmSn-t¸m-Ip-hm³ {ian-¡p-I-bm-sW-¦n sshZyp-Xm-Lm-X-taäp Ah³ N¯p-t]m-Ipw. AXp-sIm-p Bcpw AXn-s¶m-cp-§p-I-bn-Ã. A_-²-¯n B I¼nthen-ta ]mdn-hoW Hcp tXmÀ¯p-ap-s-Sp-¡p-hm³sN¶ Hcp {Inan-\ ]pÅn sshZyp-Xm-Lm-X-taäp ]nS-ªp-Nm-Ip-¶Xv R§-fn ]ecpw Hcp Ipdn Ip-\nÂt¡-n-h-¶n-«p-v. F¶m cm{Xn ]{´-p-a-Wn¡pw aq¶p-a-Wn-¡p-an-S-bn B I¼n-I-fn hnZyp-Xv{]-hmlw Dm-hp-I-bn-söp Ipam-c³ [cn-¨p-sh-¨n-cp-¶p.
cm{Xn c-c-a-Wn-tbm-Sp-IqSn In¨-Wnse tPmen-sbÃmw Ignªp aq{X-sam-gn-¡m-s\¶ `mh-¯n Ipam-c³ In¨-Wn \n¶p ]pd-¯n-d-§n. Bcp-a-dn-bmsX sasà Ccp-¼p-th-en-bv¡-Sp-t¯¡p \S-¶p-sN-¶p. aq¶p-th-en-IÄ \q¶p-I-S-¶mse then-¡-¸p-d-s¯-¯p-I-bp-Åq. AXn-\p-Ån then-¡p-Ån hnZyp-Xv{]-hm-l-a-m-Ip-I-bm-sW-¦n IY Ign-ª-Xp-X-s¶. Pbn NmSp-hm³ Hcp§n ]pd-s¸« Ipam-cs\ ]n´n-cn-¸n-¡p-hm³ ]cym-]vX-amb iànI-sfm-¶p-ap-m-bn--cp-¶n-Ã. apÅp-IÄ Xd¨ t]mdep-I-tfm-Sp-IqSn Hcp then Ah³ IS-¶p. At¸mÄ aq¶m-as¯ then-¡-¸p-d-¯p-IqsS Bfp-IÄ kwkm-cn-¨p-t]m-Ip¶ i_vZw Ahsâ ImXp-I-fn ]Xn-ªp. H¯n-cn-t\cw Ah³ A\-§msX \n¶p. kq£n-¨p-t\m-¡n-b-t¸mÄ Pbn-en\p ]pd-¯pÅ ]m-dm-hp-Im-cmb t]meo-kp-ImÀ Uyq«n-am-dp-hm³ t]mIp-¶-Xm-sW¶p Ah\p a\-Ên-em-bn. AhÀ IS¶p t]mIp-¶-Xp-hsc Ah³ A\-§n-bn-Ã.
A-hÀ t]mbn-¡-gn-ª-tijw Ah³ cm-a-s¯bpw aq¶m-a-s¯bpw then-IÄ \q¶p-I-S-¶p. ico-c-¯n hopw apdn-hp-I-fpw, t]md-ep-Ifpw Dm-bn. A§s\ cm{Xn cc a-Wn-¡pw, 3 aWn¡panS-bn Ipam-c³ PbnÂ-NmSn ]pd-s¯-¯n. ]s£ shfn¨w Xosc CÃm-Xn-cp-¶-Xp-sImv Ft§m«mWv t]mtI--sX¶p Ah\p \nÝ-b-an-
ÃmsX h¶p. _pÀfn-bpw, kvt\ln-X-·mcpw Im¯n-cn-¡m-sa-t¶ä amhn³ NphSp Fhn-sS-bm-sW¶v Ah\p a\-Ên-em-bn-Ã. C\n AXv At\z-jn¨p \S¶m B]-¯nÂsN¶p s]s«-¶p-h-cmw. AhnsS F¯m-sa-t¶ä ka-bhpw Ign-ªp. C\n t\sc \S-¡p-I-X-s¶. \S¶p \S¶v Hcp tdmUn-\-Sp-s¯-¯n. At¸mÄ tdmUnÂIqsS cp shfn-¨-§Ä \o§n-h-cp-¶-Xmbn Ah³ Ip. Cf-In-s¡m-n-cn-¡p¶ shfn-¨-§Ä ssk¡n-fn-tâ-Xm-sW¶p Ah\p a\-Ên-em-bn. Hcp-]s£ Xs¶ Xncªp ]nSn-¡p-hm³thn AhÀ hcp-¶-Xm-sW¶p Ah³ Duln-¨p. Dugw icn-bp-am-bn-cp-¶p. tdmUnÂ\n¶v H«-Ise Hcp sNSn-bpsS ad-hn-te¡v Ah³ amdn. ssk¡n-fp-IÄ tdmUnÂIqsS t\sc t]mhp-Ibpw sNbvXp.
tdmUp IS¶p Ipam-c³ hopw \S-¶p-Xp-S-§n. Ah³ \S-s¶-¯n-bXp ]«m-f-Iym-¼n-\-Sp-¯m-bn-cp-¶p. AXn-\p-Ån-te¡p IS-¶m Bsc-¦nepw Xs¶ XS-ªp-\nÀ¯p-I-tbm, shSn-sh-bv¡p-I-tbm, sNbvXp-sh¶p hcm-hp-¶-Xm-Wv. AXp-sImv At§m-«p-t]m-Ip-¶Xv B]¡-c-am-Wv. F´p sNt¿-q-sh-¶-dn-bmsX Ipam-c³ GXm\pw \nan-j-§Ä kvX_v[-\mbn \n¶p. At¸m-gXm Hcp Xohn IS-¶p-h-cp-¶p. B Xohn At¸mÄ IS-¶p-h-cm-Xn-cp-¶p-sh-¦n Ipam-csâ ]cn-{i-a-§-sfÃmw ]cm-P-b-s¸-«p-sh¶pw Ah³ hopw XS-hn-em-¡-s¸-«p-sh¶pw hcm-hp-¶-Xm-Wv.
Xoh-n-bpsS hc-hnÂIqSn Ipa-c\p shfn¨w In«n. Xm³ \n¡p-¶-sX-hn-sS-bm-sW-¶pw, tdmUpw, sdbnepw GXp-h-gn-¡m-sW-¶pw- A-h¶p a\-Ên-em-¡p-hm³ Xoh-n-bpsS shfn¨w klm-bn-¨p. amÀ¤-ZÀi\w In«nb Ipam-c³ hopw \S-¶p. Pbn-enÂ\n¶v tUm: kÖo-h-\m-Y³ kw`m-h-\-sNbvX aq¶p-cq-]m-bpw, Sn.-hn. Ipªn-Ir-jvW³ sImSp¯ Hcp appw, ssa¡nÄ cmP-[z-c-bpsS sNcn-¸p-Ifpw am{X-amWp Ipam-csâ I¿n-ep-m-bn-cp¶ km[-\-§Ä. AXn sNcn-¸n«p \S-¡p-t¼mÄ i_vZ-ap-m-Ip-¶p-sh-¶p-Å-Xp-sImp sNcn-¸p-IÄ Ah-\p-t]-£n-¨p. IÃpw, apÅpw \ndª ]mX-I-fnÂIqSn shdpw-Im-en-emWp Ah³ \S-¡p-¶-Xv. A§s\ \S¶p \S¶p "I¼nfn' F¶p ]d-bp¶ Hcp {]tZ-i-t¯¡p t]mIp¶ tdmUn ]¯p-\m-gn-I-tbmfw Zqcw Ah³ \S-s¶-¯n.
A-Xn-\n-S-bn Pbn-en F´p kw`-hn-¨p-sh¶p \ap-s¡m¶p
t\m¡mw. Ipam-c³ ]pd-¯n-d§n A[nIw Ign-bp-¶-Xn\p ap¼p-Xs¶ Btcm HcmÄ F®-¯n Ipd-ªn-«p-s¶ Imcyw In¨-Wn-epÅ hmÀUÀ¡p a\-Ên-em-bn. a¿-gn-¡m-c-\mb ANyp-X³ F¶ hmÀ-U-dpsS Npa-X-e-bn-em-bn-cp¶p In¨-Wnse tPmen-¡m-sc-Ãm-h-cpw. Ipam-c-s\-bmWp ImWm-Xm-bn-«p-Å-sX¶p DSs\ ANyp-X\p a\-Ên-em-bn. Pbn apgp-h\pw hnkn-e-Sn-I-fpsS _l-f-am-bn. Ipam-cs\ Xnc¡n hmÀUÀamÀ Ah³ InS-¶p-d-§p¶ Øe-t¯¡p h¶p. Ahsâ ]mbvI-fpw, aäpÅ km[-\-§fpw AhÀ ]cn-tim-[n-¨p. \mep `mK-§-fn-tebv¡pw Bfp-Isf \ntbm-Kn-¨-b-¡p-Ibpw sNbvXp.
G{]nÂamkw 14-þmwXobXn ]pe-cp-¶-Xn-\p-ap-¼m-bn-«mWp Ipam-c³ Beo-]pcw PbnenÂ\n¶p c£-s¸-«-Xv. At¸mÄ Ipam-c\v 21 hbÊp am{X-am-bn-cp¶p {]mbw. I¼n-fn-bn-te¡p t]mIp¶ tdmUnÂsh¨v Ipa-mc³ Hcp bphm-hns\ Ip-ap-«n. Ah³ tdmUp-ta-kvX-cn-bpsS tPmen-sN-¿p¶ Hcp-h-\m-bn-cp-¶p. Ipam-c-\p-ambn kw`m-jWw XpS-§n-b-t¸mÄ Ah-\p-samcp cmjv{So-b-{]-hÀ¯-I-\m-sW¶pw tImtfPv _ln-jv¡-cWw \S-¯n-b-Xn\p ho«nÂ\n¶pw ]pd-¯m-¡-s¸-«-Xn-s\-¯p-SÀ¶p Ct¸mÄ tdmUp-ta-kvXn-cn-bmbn tPmen sN¿p-I-bm-sW¶pw a\-Ên-em-bn. Ahsâ klm-b-t¯m-Sp-IqSn {]mX-seÃmw Ign¨ Ipam-c³ hopw \S¶p XpS-§n. hgn-bnÂ\n¶p hÃ-hcpw Xs¶ Ip hÃXpw tNmZn-¡p-I-bm-sW-¦n Xoh-n-bnÂsh¨v I¿n-ep-Å-sXÃmw If-hp-t]mb Hcp \nÀ`m-Ky-hm-\mWp Xms\¶pw Xsâ tPyjvT-s\-t¯Sn t]mhp-I-bm-sW¶pw ]d-ªp-sIm-mWp Ah³ c£-s¸-Sp-¶-Xv.
A§s\ Ipsd \S-¶p-I-gn-ª-t¸mÄ aq¶p hnZymÀ°n-Isf Ip-ap-«p-Ibpw Ah-cp-ambn Ipam-c³ kw`m-j-W-§-fn-teÀs¸-Sp-Ibpw sNbvXp. At¸mÄ AhÀ a{ZmÊv {InkvXy³tIm-tf-Pnse hnZymÀ°n-I-fm-sW¶pw AhÀ¡p Beo-]pcw Pbn-en-epÅ hnZymÀ°n-t\-Xm-¡-·msc FÃm-h-scbpw Adn-bm-sa¶pw t_m²y-am-bn. At¸mÄ Ipam-c³ Xsâ Imcy-§-sfÃmw Ah-tcmSp Xpd¶p ]d-ªp. AhÀ aq¶p-t]cpw Ipam-cs\ I¼n-fn-bn-te¡p Iq«n-s¡mpt]mbn. AhnsS XpwK-`-{Z-\-Zn-bpsS Xoc¯p Hcp ac-¨p-h-«n Ah-s\-bn-cp-¯n. Ah-\m-h-iy-apÅ km[-\-§Ä tXSp-hm³ cp-t]À Ah-c-h-cpsS hoSp-I-fn-te¡p t]mIp-Ibpw sNbvXp.
Ipd¨p t\cw Ignªp AhÀ Xncn-¨p-h-cn-Ibpw Ipam-c-\m-h-iy
apÅ `£-W-km-[-\-§Ä sImp-sIm-Sp-¡p-Ibpw sNbvXp. Hcp Ip«n Ipam-c-\p-th-p¶ ss]Pm-a-bpw, jÀ«pw sImSp-¡p-Ibpw Ipam-csâ I¿n-ep-m-bn-cp¶ apv XpwK-`-{Zm-\-Zn-bn-te-s¡m-gp-¡p-Ibpw sNbvXp. B app Ipam-c¶p Hcp D]-{Z-h-am-bn-cp-¶p. B {]tZ-i-¯mcpw app-Sp-¯p-t]m-Ip¶ ]Xn-hn-Ã. AXp-sImp HcmÄ app-Sp¯p t]mbm Abmsf FÃm-hcpw {i²n-¨p-sh-¶p-h-cpw. ss]Pm-abpw jÀ«pambn thjw-am-dnb Ipam-c¶p Ct¸mÄ ss[cy-ambn k©-cn-¡m-sa¶ \ne-h-¶p. AXn-\n-S-bn kp-lr-¯p-¡-fnÂ\n¶p Hcp {][m\ Imcyw-IqSn Ipam-c-\p -{K-ln-¡p-hm³ km[n-¨p. XpwK-`-{Zm-\Zn IS¶p A¡sc sN¶m AXp sslZ-cm-_mZv ss\km-ansâ `c-W-ko-a-bnÂs¸« {]tZ-i-am-Wv. AhnsS {_n«o-jp-Im-cpsS t]meo-kn-t\m, Pbn-e-[n-Ir-X-·mÀt¡m bmsXm-c-[n-Im-c-§-fp-an-Ã. Ahn-sS-\n¶p Ipam-cs\ AdÌp sN¿-W-sa-¶p-h-¨mÂXs¶ AXp A{X Ffp-¸-am-hp-I-bn-Ã. AXp-sImv C\n-bpÅ k©mc-§Ä¡p Xnc-sª-Sp-¡m-hp¶ {]tZiw XpwK-`-{Zm-\-Zn-¡-¡-sc-bpÅ {]tZ-i-am-Wv. Ipam-cs\ Ahsâ kplr-¯p-¡Ä \Zn-I-S¯n A¡-sc-s¡m-p-t]m-Ip-Ibpw Ahn-sS-sh¨v Hcp _ÊnÂI-b-än-bn-cp¯n Xoh-n-bm-^o-kn-te¡p bm{X-Xn-cn-¡p-Ibpw sNbvXp.
_Ãm-cn-bnÂ\n¶p \mep -tÌ-j-\-I-e-¯pÅ Hcp Xoh-n-bm-^o-Êm-W-Xv. Ipam-c³ AhnsS _Ênd-§p-¶-Xn\p Ipd-¨p-ap-¼p-hsc Ipam-cs\ ]c-Xn-h¶ Bfp-IÄ B tÌj-\n Im¯n-cn-¸p-m-bn-cp-¶p. F¶m Ipam-c³ Ahn-sS-sb-¯p-¶-Xn\p ap¼p AhÀ Øew hnSp-Ibpw sNbvXn-cp-¶p. Ahn-sS-\n¶p Ipam-c³ hn Ibdn tKmh-bn-tebv¡p bm{X-Xn-cn-¨p. dbnÂth tÌj-\nÂsh¨p Hcp "C´y³ FIvkv{]Êv' ]{Xw At±lw hm§n-bn-cp-¶p. AXn Beo-]pcw Pbn-enÂ\n¶p Ipam-c-s\¶ Hcp cmjv{So-b-¯-S-hp-Im-c³ PbnÂNmSn t]mb hmÀ¯ {]kn-²-s¸-Sp-¯n-bn-cp-¶p. B ]{X-hp-am-bn-«mWp Ipam-c³ tKmh-bn-te¡p t]mb-Xv. A§ns\ tKmh-bn "aÀtKmh' tÌj-\n Ipam-c³ hn-bn-d-§n. I¿n Imsim-¶p-ap-m-bncp-¶n-Ã.
Ip-am-c³ tÌj³am-Ìsd sN¶p-I-p. hgn-bm-{X-bn km[-\-§-sfÃmw \jvS-s¸« Hcp BfmWp Xms\¶pw B tÌj-\n Hcp t]mÀ«-dmbn tPmen t\m¡p-hm³ Xs¶ A\p-h-Zn-¡m-tam-sb¶pw At±-l-¯n-t\m-S-t\z-jn-¨p. At±-l-¯n\p t]mÀ«-dmbn Bscbpw \nb-an-
¡p-hm³ A[n-Im-c-an-söpw AXp sNt¿ Bfp-IÄ thsd-bm-sW¶pw At±lw ]d-ªp. AXn-\p-tijw At±lw Hcp IS-bn sN¶v tPmen At\z-jn-¨p. B IS-bpsS DS-a-س Ipam-c¶p cp-cq] sImSp-¡p-Ibpw thsd Fhn-sS-sb-¦nepw sN¶p tPmen At\z-jn-¡p-hm³ Bh-iy-s¸-Sp-Ibpw sNbvXp.
A§ns\ tKmh-bn Ipd¨p Npän-I-d-§n-b-Xn-\p-tijw Ipam-c³ Hcp tUmIvS-dpsS ASp-s¯-¯n. B tUm-IvSÀ cmjv{So-b-t_m-[-apÅ Hcm-fm-bn-cp-¶p. At±lw Ipam-c\p Nne klm-b-§Ä sNbvXp-sIm-Sp-¡p-Ibpw Ipam-c-t\mSp t_mws_bv¡p t]mIp-hm³ \nÀt±-in-¡p-Ibpw sNbvXp. t_mws_-bn At±-l-¯n¶p ]cn-N-b-apÅ tUm: \n_v IÀ¡v At±lw Hsc-gp¯p sImSp-¯p. B Fgp-¯p-ambn Ipam-c³ t_mws_¡p Xncn-¨p. t_mws_-bn t]mbn tUm: \n_vIsd ImWp-Ibpw Fgp¯v At±-l-¯n\p sImSp-¡p-Ibpw sNbvXp. At¸m-gmWv tUmIvSÀ Iqdp-am-dnb hnhcw Ipam-c\p a\-Ên-em-b-Xv.
tUm: \nIv_À ASp¯Imew-hsc tIm¬{K-Êp-Im-c-\m-bn-cp-¶p. F¶m-e-t±lw Ct¸m-sgmcp I½yq-Wn-Ìp-Im-c-\m-bn-cn-¡p-I-bm-Wv. ""Cu bp²w P\-Iob bp²-am-sW¶v At±lw hniz-kn-¡p-hm³ XpS-§n-bn-cn-¡p-¶p. "Cu bp²w \½psS bp²w' "Hmtcm Bfpw ]«m-f-¯nÂ' "Hmtcm ss]¿pw bp²¯n\v' "Hmtcm Ip¶pw \½psS tIm«' F¶n-h-bmWv Ct¸m-g-t±-l-¯nsâ ap{Zm-hm-Iy-§Ä. Hcp-hn-[-¯n GXm\pw \mfp-IÄ At±-l-¯n-t\m-sSm¸w Ign¨p Iq«n-b-tijw Xm³ {]hr-¯n-¡p-hm--\p-t±-in-¡p-¶Xv a{Zm-Ên-em-sW¶v Ipam-c³ tUmIvStdmSp ]d-bp-Ibpw A§s\ Ahn-sS-\n¶v a{Zm-Ên-te¡v bm{X-Xn-cn-¡p-Ibpw sNbvXp.
a{Zm-Ên KtW-i-s\¶ sXmgn-emfn t\Xm-hns\ I-Xn-\p-tijw Ipam-c³ hn-imJ]«-W-¯n-te¡p t]mIp-Ibpw Ahn-sS-sh-¨p- Xsâ Pbn kplr-¯m-bn-cp¶ kp{_-Ò-Wy-Xn-e-Is\ ImWp-Ibpw sNbvXp. kp{_-Ò-Wy-Xn--e-I³ Pbn-enÂ\n¶v hntam-NnX\mbn Xsâ kz´w Øe-amb hnP-b-\-K-c-¯n {]-hÀ¯n¨psImn-cn-¡p-I-bm-bn -cp-¶p. Ipam-c³ AhnsS F¯n-t¨À¶-t¸mÄ AhÀ Iq«mb {]hÀ¯-\-§-fnteÀs¸Sp-I-bpw BK-kvXp-hn-¹-h-¯nsâ {]hÀ¯\§Ä¡p thn B{Ô-bn-ep-S-\ofw ]cy-S\w \S-¯p-Ibpw sNbvXp. AXn-\n-S-
bn Pbn hntam-Nn-X-\mbn ]pd¯ph¶ kpµ-c-dm-hp-hns\ Ipam-c³ kÔn-¡p-Ibpw Ccp-hcpw IqSn-tNÀ¶pÅ {]hÀ¯-\-§Ä Bcw-`n-¡p-Ibpw sNbvXp.
B{Ôm-bnse ]cy-S\w Ign-ª-Xn-\p-tijw Ipam-c³ hopw a{Zm-Ên-se-¯p-Ibpw AhnsS hnZymÀ°n {]t£m-]-§Ä¡p t\XrXzw sImSp-¡p-Ibpw sNbvXp. Xmw_-c-¯pÅ a{ZmÊv {InkvXy³tIm-tf-PnÂsh¨v ]me-¡m«p Xsâ kXoÀ°y-\mbncp¶ sh¦n-tS-iz-c-s\¶ hnZymÀ°n-sb-¡m-Wp-hm-\n-S-h-cp-Ibpw B IqSn-¡mgvN Ipam-c-\n AÂ]w `oXn P\n-¸n-¡p-Ibpw sNbvXp. Xmw_-c-¯nÂ\n¶v Ipam-c³ Ce-Iv{Sn¡v s{Sbn-\n a{ZmÊv ]mÀ¡n-se-¯n. hnZymÀ°n-I-fp-sS Hcp tbmK-¯n kw_-Ôn-¡p-hm³th-n-bmWv Ipam-c³ A¶v ]mÀ¡n-en-d-§n-b-Xv. ]mÀ¡v tÌj-\n \n¶v ]pdt¯¡v t]mIp-\m-\pÅ hgn-bn-te¡p F¯nbt¸mÄ s]s«-¶mWp AXp kw`-hn-¨-Xv.
Beo-]pcw Pbn-ense In¨-Wnse hmÀU-dm-bn-cp¶ ANypX³ Ipam-csâ PbnÂNm-«s¯ XpSÀ¶v At¸mÄ kkvs]³j-\n-em-Wv. Xsâ Ipäw-sIm-à Ipam-c³ Pbn NmSn-b-sX¶v Pbn sF.-Pn¡p At]£ kaÀ¸n¡phm³thn Ah³ a{ZmÊnte¡p h¶Xmbncp¶p. a{Zm-Ên ]mÀ¡p-tÌ-j-\n sXm«-Sp-¯mWv a{Zm-Ênse sk³{S Pbn-emb "s]\n-ä³jdn' Ahn-sS-bpÅ cp-aq¶p hmÀUÀamcpw ANyp-X-\pw-IqSn Ft´m Bh-iy-¯n\p ]mÀ¡p-tÌ-j-\n h¶-Xm-bn-cp-¶p. Ipam-c³ ANyp-Xsâ I-®nÂs]« DSs\ "Fsâ Ipamcm' F¶p hnfn-¨p-sImv ANyp-X³ Ipam-cs\ IS¶p sI«n-¸n-Sn-¨p. Ipam-c\p Hcp c£bpw In«n-bn-Ã. ANyp-Xsâ IqsS-bp-m-bn-cp¶ hmÀUÀam-scÃmw Ahs\ hf-ªn-cn-¡p-I-bm-Wv. AhÀ Ipam-c-s\bpw sImp t]meo-Êp-tÌ-j-\nÂt]m-bn. dbnÂth AXnÀ¯n-bnÂsh¨p ]nSn-¨-Xm-b-Xp-sImv AhÀ t]meokptÌj-\n \n¶p Ipam-cs\ sdbnÂth t]meo-Ên-te¡p aS¡n Ab-¨p. A§s\ Ipam-c\pw hmÀ-UÀamcpwIqSn Hcp {Sman Ibdn FKvaq-dn-te¡p t]mbn. FKvtam-dn {Sman-d§n Ipd¨p \S-¶n-«p-thWw FKvtamd dbnÂth tÌj-\n-se-¯p-hm³. t]msc-¦n Hcp HmhÀ{_n-UvPp-I-bdn Cd-§p-Ibpw thWw.
HmhÀ {_nUvPp Ib-dp-¶-Xn-\n-S-bn hmÀUÀamsc sh«n¨p Ipam-c³ ]pd-t¯¡p NmSn HmSm³ XpS-§n. "AXm Xncp-S³' "Xncp-S³'
F¶p hmÀUÀamÀ _lfw Iq«n. tI«-h-scÃmw Xncp-S³' "Xncp-S³' F¶p hnfn-¨p-sImv Ipam-csâ ]n¶mse HmSn. thW-sa-¦n Ipam-c\pw "Xncp-S³' "Xncp-S³' F¶p hnfn-¨p-sImp HmSm-am-bn-cp-¶p. ]t£ Ah-\Xp tXm¶n-bn-Ã. FÃm-hcpwIqSn Ahs\ ]nSn¨p. ASnbpw CSnbpw XpS-§n. aq¡nÂ\n¶pw hmbnÂ\n¶pw cà-{]-f-b-ap-m-bn. FKvtamhqÀ sdbnÂth-tÌ-j-\nse t]meo--kp-tÌ-j-\n Ipam-c³ lmP-cm-¡-s¸-«p.
A¶p Ah\p t]meo-kp-tÌ-j-\n Ign-tb-n-h-¶p. ]ntä-Zn-hkw aPn-kvt{S-«nsâ ap³]msI lmP-cm-¡-s¸-«p. Ahn-sS-sh¨v Ipam-cs\ N§-e-¡n-«p. ssIIÄ¡p Baw-h-¡p-Ibpw Baw N§-e-bn ]q«p-Ibpw sNbvXp. Pq¬-am-k-¯n-emWv Ipam-cs\ hopw AdÌp sNbvX-Xv. N§-e-¡n«p ]q«nb Ipam-cs\ t]meo-kp-ImÀ s_Ãm-cnbv¡p sImp-t]m-bn. BÀt¡m-W¯p hn-bn-d§n Nmb-Ip-Sn-¡p-hm³ N§-e-bp-ambn \S-¯n-s¡m-mWv t]meo-kp-ImÀ Ipam-cs\ sImp-t]m-b-Xv. Hcp `b-¦c LmX-I-\m-sW¶ \ne-bn Bfp-I-sfÃmw Ipam-cs\ t\m¡n-s¡m-p-\n-¶p.
A§s\ Ipam-cs\ _Ãmcn k_vP-bn-en sImp-h-¶p. Ahn-sS-sh¨v Pbn NmSn-b-Xn-\pÅ tIÊv hnkvXmcw \S-¶p. Zbm-ep-hmb aPn-kvt{S«p Ipam-c\p ZoÀL-amb in£-sbm¶pw sImSp-¯n-Ã. Pbn NmSn-b-Xn\v sImSp-¡p-hm³]mSpÅ Gähpw henb in£ Bdp-am-k-am-Wv. F¶m aPnkvt{S«n\p Ipam-c-s\-t]m-epÅ Hcp aI³ Dm-bn-cp-¶p-sh¶pw acn-¨p-t]mb Ah-s\-¡p-dn¨v At±-l-¯n\p HmÀ½h¶-Xp-sImv aq¶p amkta At±lw in£n-¨p-Åq-sh-¶p-amWp Ipam-c³ ]d-ª-Xv. A§s\ cp-am-ks¯ thÀ]m-Sn-\p-tijw Ipam-c³ hopw Beo-]pcw Pbn-ense¯n. C¯-hW Hcp hyXym-k-ap-m-bn-cp-¶p. Hcp XhW Pbn NmSn-b-Xp-sImv Ipam-csâ in£m-hn-[nbpw Ct¸mÄ in£n¨ aq¶p-am-khpw Ign-bp-¶-Xp-hsc tImÂN-§-e-IÄ [cn-¡-W-sa-¶pÅ Hcp in£-IqSn Ipam-c-\p-m-bn-cp-¶p. Pbn-enÂ\n¶p IqSp-X Imbn-I-in-£-I-sfm¶pw Ipam-c\p A\p-`-hn-t¡n h¶n-Ã. A§s\ h-ÃXpw Dm-hp-I-bm-sW-¦n \ncm-lmcw \S¯n Bß-_en AÀ¸n-¡p-hm³ Ipam-c³ X¿m-sd-Sp-¯n-cp-¶p. F¶m A-sXm¶pw thn-h-¶n-Ã.
tZh-tIm-«, tImb-¼-¯qÀ, a[p-c, Xncp-s\Âthen F¶o {]tZ-i-§-fn-em-bn-cp--¶p-htÃm 1942-þse Iem-]-Im-e¯p t]meokpw _lp-P-\-§fpw X½n henb t]mcm-«-§Ä \S-¶-Xv. aZn-cmin kwØm-\-¯n tZh-tIm-«-bv¡p-X-s¶-bmWp H¶mw-Øm-\w. AhnsS c-p-amkw Fw.-F-kv.-]n.-bpsS t]¡q-¯pw, \c-\m-bm-«p-am-bn-cp-¶p.
BK-Ìp-k-acw kw_-Ôn¨v tZh-tIm-«-bn F®q-dvt]sc t]meokv NmÀÖp sNbvXn-«p-m-bn-cp-¶-Xn 350 t]À in£n-¡-s¸-«p. Ah-cn cp-t]À¡v Ccp-]-Xp-sIm-Ã-hpw, HcmÄ¡p ]Xn-t\-gp-sIm-Ãhpw Bdp-t]À¡p ]Xn-¶mep sImÃ-hpw, aq¶p-t]À¡p ]Xn-aq¶p sImÃhpw HcmÄ¡v ]Xn-s\m-¶p-sIm-Ãhpw Bdp-t]À¡v ]¯p-sIm-Ãhpw cp-t]À¡v H³]-Xp-sIm-Ãhpw \qän Ccp-]-s¯-«p-t]À¡v Ggp-sImÃw hsc-bp-am-bn-cp¶p in£-IÄ. tZh-tIm-«-bv¡-Sp¯v Xncp-h-Um\n Xmeq-¡nse Hcp {][m\ tIm¬{K-Êp-{]-hÀ¯-I-\m-bn-c¶ sXmÀap-¯-¿bv¡p 26 sImÃs¯ ITn-\-X-S-hpw, "kn' ¢mÊpw, ap¯mdn `£-W-hp-am-bn-cp¶p in£-bmbn hn[n-¨n-cp-¶-Xv.
Z£ntW´ybnse \mep {][m\ `mjm-hn-`m-K-§-fnÂs¸-«-hcpw Beo-]pcw Pbn-en-ep-m-bn-cp-¶p. A¶s¯ a{ZmÊv kwØm-\-¯n sXep-¦pw, Xan-gv, IÀ®m-S-Iw, ae-bmfw F¶o \mep `mj-¡m-cp-ap-m-bn-cp-¶p-h-tÃm. F®w-sImp Xan-gcpw sXep-¦-cp-am-bn-cp¶p A[n-I-ap-m-bn-cp-¶-Xv. aZn-cm-in-bnse A[nIw PnÃ-I-fpw, sXep-¦pw, Xangpw kwkm-cn¡p¶ {]tZ-i-§-fp-am-bn-cp-¶p-h-tÃm. cmjv{So-b-{]m-[m-\y-apÅ kw`-h-§-fpsS t]cn-em-sW-¦n Xan-gÀ¡v Pbn-en H¶mw Øm\-hpw, sXep-¦À¡p cmw-Øm-\-hpw, ae-bm-fn-IÄ¡v aq¶mw-Øm-\-hpw, IÀ®m-S-I-¡mÀ¡v \memw Øm\-hp-am-bn-cp-¶p. PnÃ-I-fpsS IW-¡-\p-k-cn-¨m-sW-¦n cma-\m-Sp-Pn-Ãbv¡p H¶mw Øm\-hpw, ae-_mÀ PnÃbv¡p cmw-Øm-\-hp-am-bn-cp-¶p. in£-I-fpsS ImTn-\y-hpw, ssZÀLy-hpw-sIm-m-sW-¦n H¶mwØm\w Xan-gv\m-«nse cma-\mSp PnÃ-bnse tZh-t¡m-«-bv¡m-bn-cp-¶p. tZh-tIm« ka-c-¯nse {][m\ ]cn-]m-Sn-IÄ t]meokvtÌj³, tImSXn apX-em-bh I¯n-¡epw dn¡mÀUp-IÄ \in-¸n-¡-epw, Bbp-[-§Ä ]nSn-s¨-Sp-¡-epw, `cWw \S-¯-ep-am-bn-cp-¶p. tZh-tIm« ]«-W¯nÂ-\n-¶p-Xs¶ Hcp e£¯n
A³]-Xn-\m-bncw cq] Iq«-¸ng hkq-em-¡n-bn-«p-v. IqSmsX ASp-¯pÅ {Kma-§-fnÂ\n¶v A¼-Xn-\m-bn-cw cq]mbpw, Xmeq-¡-XnÀ¯n-bv¡p-ÅnÂ\n¶v Hcp-e£w -cq-]mbpw ]ncn-¨n-«p-ap-v. tZh-tIm« shSn-h-bv]nsâ ^e-ambn Npcp-§n-bXv A³]-Xp-t]-sc-¦nepw acn-¨n-«p-m-Ip-sa-¶mWv IW-¡m-¡n-bn-«p-Å-Xv.
BK-Ìp-amkw 19-þmw XobXn sXmÀap-¯¿ tZh-tIm-«-bn \n¶v ]{´p \mgnI AI-se-bpÅ XncpthKw ]¯qÀ F¶ ]«-W-¯n-em-bn-cp¶p. AhnsS "C´y³kzm-X{´yw Pbn-¡s«' "hn¹hw Pbn-¡s«' F¶o ap{Zm-hmIy§Ä hnfn¨p ]dªpsImv Hcp henb P\-¡q«w inh-KwK FtÌäv B^okv, FtÌäv Ie-IvS-dpsS Xma-k-Øew, Xl-koÂZmcpsS hoSv, Hm-hÀko-b-cpsS hoSv F¶nh Nps«-cn-¨p. FtÌäv Ie-IvS-dpsS Pohs\ A¶p c£n-¨Xv sXmÀap-¯¿ Bbn-cp-¶p. ]ntä-Zn-hkw Xncp-th-Kw-]-¯q-cnÂ\n¶v Hcp henb P\-¡q«w F«p-\m-gnI AI-se-bpÅ Xncp-h-Um-\n-bn-tebv¡p ]pd-s¸-«p. hgn-bn sh¨v A\-h[n Bfp-IÄ Cu BÄ¡q-«-¯n tNcp-Ibpw sNbvXp. ]¯p-a-Wn-tbm-Sp-IqSn FÃm-hcpw Xncp-h-Um-\n-bn-se-¯n. Ah-cpsS hchpw {]Xo-£n¨v t]meo-kp-ImÀ henb k¶m-l-§-tfm-Sp-IqSn AhnsS Im¯n-cn-¡p-I-bm-bn-cp-¶p. ]s£ P\-s¸-cp¸w I-t¸mÄ t]meokv ]n·m-dn. hn¹-h-Im-cn-IÄ Ahn-Sps¯ aPn-kvt{Säp tImS-Xn, kºv cPn-kv{Sm-d-m^o-kv, t]meokvtÌj³ F¶n-hbv¡p XosIm-Sp-¯p. Ah I¯n-sb-cn-ªp. kºvP-bn Xpd-¡p-Ibpw AXn-ep-m-bn-cp¶ cp cmjv{So-b-X-S-hp-Im-sc-bpw, Cc-]-t¯gp {Inan-\Â]p-Ån-I-sfbpw hn«-b-¡p-Ibpw sNbvXp. AXn-\p-tijw B Pbn-en¶pw AhÀ Xo sImfp-¯n. F¶m AhÀ Kh¬saâv JPm\ Xpd-¶n-Ã. F´p-sIm-mWv JPm\ Xpd-¡m-Xn-cp-¶-sX¶ tNmZy-¯n\v sXmÀap-¯-¿-bpsS adp-]Sn "P\-§Ä¡p ]W-sa-Sp-t¡ Dt±-iy-an-Ãm-bn-cp-¶p-sh-¶pw, ]Ww ImcWw ]c-kv]cw ]nW-§m³ hgn-bp-m-Ip-sa¶pw IcpXn t\Xm-¡-·mÀ JPm\ Xpd-t¡Xn-söpw D]-tZ-in-¨n-cp¶psh-¶p-am-Wv. AXn-\p-Ån tZh-tIm-«-bnÂ\n¶v dnkÀÆv t]meo-kp-ImÀ temdn-bnÂh¶p tNcp-Ibpw DSs\ shSn-shbv]v \S-¯p-Ibpw sNbvXp. shSn-sh-bv]nsâ ^e-ambn \nc-]-cm-[n-bmb Hcp bm{X-¡m-c³ acn-¡p-hm-\n-S-h-¶p.
tZh-tIm-«-bnepw, Xncp-thKw ]¯q-cnepw Xncp-h-Um-\n-bnepw \S¶ _lp-P-\-{]-t£m]-W-§-fnepw hn[zw-k\ {]hr-¯n-I-fnepw sXmÀap-¯-¿bv¡v h¼n¨ ]¦p-m-bn-cp-¶p-sh-¶mWv t]meokp ]d-ª-Xv. sk]vXw-_À 14-þmw XobXn cm{Xn (B-eo-]p-c¯p em¯n-
¨mÀÖv \S¶ Znh-kw) t]meo-kp-ImÀ ap¯-¿-bpsS hoSv hf-bp-Ibpw At±-ls¯ AdÌp sN¿p-Ibpw sNbvXp. A¶p-cm{Xn ap¯-¿sb ASp¯ A`n-cmaw t]meokptÌj-\n-emWp sh¨-Xv. tÌj-\p-ÅnÂsh¨v Hcp t]meo-kp-taeptZym-K-س dnthmÄh-sd-Sp¯v ap¯-¿sb shSnsh-bv¡p-hm³ ap-XnÀ¶-t¸mÄ kºvC³kvs]-IvSÀ Abmsf XS-bp-I-bmWp sNbvX-Xv. AXn-\pÅ Imc-Ww, tZl-¯n\p bmsXmcp lm\nbpw X«m-¯-hn-[-¯n ap¯-¿sb ]nSn-In-«n-bn-«p-s¶p At¸m-tgbv¡p ]e tI{µ-§-fn-te¡pw I¼n-b-Sn¨p Ign-ª-Xm-bn-cp-¶p. AXp-sImv t]meo-kp-ImÀ¡p At¸mÄ sN¿p-hm³ Ign-bp-¶Xv t`Zyw sN¿p-I-am-{X-am-bn-cp-¶p. I¿pw Imepw-sI«n tem¡-¸p-ap-dn-bn-en«v A¶-hÀ ap¯-¿sb AXn-I-Tn-\-ambn aÀ±n-¨p. ]ntä-Zn-hkw Xncp-h-Um-\nbv¡p sImp-t]m-bn. Ahn-sS-sh¨p tae-[n-Im-cn-I-fpsS IÂ]-\-{]-Imcw 24 dnkÀÆv t]meo-kp-ImÀ At±-ls¯ amdn-am-dn-b-Sn-¨p. AXn-\p-tijw \K-c-{]-Z-£n-W-¯n-\pÅ h«-am-bn. ]gb sNcn-¸p-IÄ, Ipän-¨q-ep-IÄ apX-em-b-h-sImv AhÀ ap¯-¿sb lmc-a-Wn-bn¨p Hcp Nph-¸p-Ip-¸m-bhpw [cn-¸n-¨p. Hcp kwLw t]meo-knsâ AI-¼-Sn-tbm-Sp-IqSn a¯-¿-sb-sImv AhÀ \-K-c-{]-Z-£nWw \S-¯n-¨p.
{]Z-£n-W-¯n-\n-S-bn hgn-bm-{X-¡m-sc-bpw, IS-¡m-sc-bpw-sImv t]meokv \nÀ-_Ôw sNep¯n ap¯-¿sb ASn-¸n-¨p. ]n¶oSp tÌj-\n-te-¡p-Xs¶ Xncn-¨p-sIm-p-t]m-bn. AhnsS sh¨p cp-Im-enepw em¯n-sIm--Sn-¨p. At¸mÄ ap¯¿ t_m[w-sI-«p. hf-sc-¡-gnªp t_m[w-h¶p I®p-Xp-d-¶-t¸mÄ sXmÀ ap¯-¿-bpsS ap¶nÂI-Xv Xm\¶p Poh³ c£n¨ FtÌäv Ie-IvSÀ s]m¶p-kzm-an-]n-Å-bm-bn-cp-¶p. ]n¶oSv ap¯-¿sb Xncp-thKw ]¯q-cn-te¡p sImp-t]m-bn. Ahn-sS-sh¨pw Hcp tLmj-bm-{X-bp-m-bn. sXmÀ ap¯-¿-bpsS Xe-bpw, XmSnbpw Hcp `mKw-am{Xw tjhp-sN-bvXp. B `mK¯v t]meo-kp-ImÀ Np®m-¼p-sImpw Icn-sImpw ]pÅn-Ip-¯n, Hcp Iod-tXmÀ¯p-am{Xw DSp-¡m³sIm-Sp-¯v, Igp-X-¸p-d¯p Ib-än-bn-cp--¯n-s¡m-pÅXmbn-cp¶p Xncp-thKw ]¯q-cnse tLmj-bm-{X.
17-þmw XobXn cmhn-se-bmWv ap¯-¿sb aPn-kvt{S-«nsâ ap³]msI lmP-cm-¡n-b-Xv. AXp-hsc At±-l-¯n\v `£-W-sam¶pw sImSp-¯n-cp-¶n-Ã. ]Xn-s\-«mw-Xo-bXn At±lw a[pcm Unkv{SnIvSv Pbn-ensâ DÅn-em-bn. tZl-¯n-ep-m-bn-cp¶ \nc-h[n ]cn-¡p-IÄ PbnÂ
UmIvSsd ImWn-¨n«pw sXmÀap-¯-¿bv¡v acp-s¶m¶pw sImSp¡p-hm³ At±lw Xp\n-ªn-Ã. sNhn-bnÂ\n¶pw càw Hgp-Ip-¶p-m-bn-cp-¶p. B \ne-bn At±-l-s¯-sbmcp skÃn-en-«-S-¨p. Xsâ DSp-s¸Ãmw t]meo-kp-ImÀ \in-¸n-¨n-cp-¶-Xp-sImv Hcp tXmÀ¯p-ap-p-am-{Xsa At±-l-¯n\p Pbn-en DSp-¡p-hm-\p-m-bn-cp-¶p-Åq. A©p-amkw C§s\ a[p-cm- P-bn-en \c-In-¨-Xn-\p-tijw s^{_p-hcn 18þmw XnbXn Xsâ t]cnepÅ tIkpIÄ Hmtcm-¶mbn hnNm-c-Wbv¡p h¶p ap¯¿bv¡p h¡o-ep-m-bn-cp-¶nÃ. ap¯-¿-bpsS t]cnep-m-bn-cp¶ A©v tIÊp-IÄIqSn 28 sIm-Ãs¯ in£-hn[n¨p. Ah-bn Nne-sXÃmw H¶n¨\p-`hnt¡Xm-hp-¶-Xm-bXp sImp sXmÀap-¯¿¡v PbnÂin£ A\p-`-hnt¡Imew 36-þ-sImÃam-bn-cp¶p.
1941 se hyàn-k-Xy-{K-l-¯n cp-{]m-hiyw kXy-{K-l-a-\p-jvTn¨p PbnÂhmkw hcn¨ BfmWp sXm-À ap¯-¿. Beo-]pcw Pbn-en-em-bn-cp-¶-t¸mÄ At±-l-¯n\p ap¸-¯-t©mfw hbÊp am{Xta {]mb-ap-m-bn-cp-¶p-Åq.
kzmanPn
R§-fpsS IqsS Pbn-en Hcp kzmanPn Dmbn-cp-¶p. saenªp £oWn¨ ico-cw. sam«-¯-e, ap«p-a-d-bm¯ apv, IjvTn ap¸-Xp-h-b-Êp-{]m-bw. AXmWp R§-fpsS kzman-Pn. Fcn-s]mcn sImÅn-¡p¶ NqSn-epw, acw-tIm-¨p¶ aªnepw At±lw AÀ-²-\-á-\m-Wv. P-bn-en kzman-Pnsb Adn-bm-¯-hÀ Bcp-an-Ã. Xsâ kwi-b-§Ä XoÀ¡p-hm-\pw, k¦Sw t_m[n-¸n-¡p-hm\pw XS-hp-Im-cp-sS-bn-Sbnse ]Þn-X-\pw, ]ma-c\pw kzmanPnsb kao-]n-¡p-¶p. Pbn-en-epÅ Ipg-¸-§Ä XoÀ¡p-hm-\pw, A¨-S¡w ]men-¡p-hm-\pw, Pbn-ep-tZym-K-Øv\-amcpw kzman-Pnsb icWw {]m]n-¡p-¶p. Pbn-ense `£-W-h-Ip-¸nsâ taÂt\m«w hln-¡p-I-sb-¶-Imcyw kzm-anPn kzbw Gsä-Sp-¯n-cn-¡p-I-bm-Wv. \nc-£-c-cmb Bfp-Isf AI-j-cm-`ymkw sN¿n-¸n-bv¡pI F¶ tPmen-bnepw kzman GÀs¸-«n-cn-¡p-¶-Xp-Im-Wmw. aäp-Nn-e-t¸mÄ t»m¡nse I¡qkp Igp-Ip-¶-Xpw, In¨-Wnse Agp-¡p-Nm hr-¯n-bm-¡p-¶Xpw At±-l-am-bn-cn-¡pw.
kzman-Pn-bpsS kztZiw ]me-¡m-«m-Wv. A\-´-Ir-jvW-¿À F¶m-bn-cp-¶p-t]mepw A¶-t±-l-¯nsâ t]cv. ]¯mw-¢mÊp ]mÊm-b-Xn-\p-
tijw DtZym-KmÀ°w At±lw t_mws_-bv¡p-t]m-bn. \me©p-sImÃw Hcp I¼-\n-bn tPmen-t\m-¡n. At¸m-gmWp BK-Ìp-hn-¹hw Bcw-`n-¨-Xv. AtXm-Sp-IqSn At±lw Xsâ tPmen cmPn-sh-¨p. kzmX{´yw ssIh-cp-¶-Xp-hsc cmPytkh\w sN¿p-hm³ Xocp-am-\n-¡p-Ibpw sNbvXp. B-Zy-ambn t_mws_-bn kzmanPn Hcp tLmj-bm{X \bn-¨p. AXn\p "ss_¡pÅ' Pbn-en cpam-ks¯ ITn-\-X-Shp A\p-`-hn-¨p.
]n¶oSv t_mws_ hnSp-hm\pw kztZ-i¯p {]hÀ¯\w XpS-cp-hm\pw \nÝ-bn-¨p. Xm³ ]me-¡mSv F¯p-¶-hsc ImÂ\-S-bmbn k©-cn¨v {Kma-{Km-am-´cw kzmX-{´y-k-tµiw ]c-¯p-hm-\mWv. At±lw Dt±-in-¨n-cp-¶-Xv. At±-l-¯nsâ Iq«p-Im-c-\mbn kpº-dm-b-s\¶ Hcp sNdp-¸-¡m-c-\p-a-m-bn-cp-¶p. cp-t]-cpw-IqSn \S-¶p-\-S¶p Xncp-¸qÀ-h-sc-sb-¯n. A¸-tg¡pw Ahsc t]meokp ]nSn-Iq-Sn. kzman-Pn-bpw, kpº-dm-b\pw Pm¸v GPâp-am-cm-sW¶pw t_mws_-bnse A«n-adn {]hÀ-¯-\-§-fn henb ]¦p-Å-h-cm-sW¶pw \nb-a-¯nsâ I®p-tXm-Â]n-¨v, I]-S-thjw [cn¨p \S-¡p-I-bm-sW¶pw t]meo-kp-ImÀ hnNm-cn-¨p.
kzman-Pn-bpw, Iq«p-Im-c\pw Xncp-¸qÀ k_vP-bn-en hnNm-cW XS-hp-Im-sc¶ \ne-bv¡p Bdp-amkw Ign-¨p-Iq-«n. HSp-hn kzman-Pn-bpsS `mÞ¯n Hcp "lcn-P³' {]Xn Is-¯n-sb-¶-Xn\v cp-t]À¡pw Hmtcm sImÃw ITn-\-X-Shpw In«n. Ah-c-§-s\-bm-Wv Beo-]p-c¯p h¶-Xv. kpº-dm-b³ A¸o-en hn«-b-¡-s¸-«p. Hcp sImÃs¯ in£m-h-[n-¡p-tijw kzman-Pnbpw Pbn-enÂ-\n¶v hn«-b-¡-s¸-«p. ]s£ s^{_p-hcn amk-¯n hn«-b-¡-s¸« kzmanPn G{]n amk-¯n \S¶ tZio-b-hm-cm-tLm-j-¯n ]s¦-Sp-¯p-sh-¶-Xn\v hopw AdÌp sN¿-s¸-«p. cp-sIm-Ãs¯ in£bpw Npa¶v At±lw hopw Beo-]p-c-s¯¯nbncn-¡p-I-bm-Wv.
Pbn-en kam-[m\w ]men-¡p-hm\pw, XS-hp-ImÀ X½n-epÅ Ii-]n-i-I-fpw, h¡m-W-§fpw Ah-km-\n-¸n-¡p-hm\pw kzmanPnbpsS D]hm-k-amWv asä-´n-s\-¡mfpw D]-I-cn-¡m-dv. "]cn-ip-²-amb Pohn-Xw, "\nkzmÀ°-amb tkh\w' Ch-bmWv kzmanPnbpsS Pohn-X-¯nse ap{Zm-hm-Iy-§Ä.
Ie-IvSÀ shÅ-b³
Beo-]pcw Pbn-en R§Äs¡mcp Ie-IvS-dp-m-bn-cp-¶p. At±-l-¯nsâ t]cv shÅ-b³ F¶m-bn-cp-¶p. At±lw Ie-IvS-dm-bn-cp-¶n-Ã. Ie-IvS-dmbn Hcp Znhkw A`n-\-bn-¨nt«bp-Åq. AtXm-Sp-IqSn At±-l-¯n\v Ie-IvSÀ F¶ t]cp-ho-Wp. Beo-]pcw Pbn-en At±-ls¯ Ie-IvSÀ F¶ t]cn-e-ÃmsX asämcp t]cnepw Bcpw hnfn-¨n-cp-¶n-Ã. B t]cnsâ DÛhwIpdn¨ kw`hw C{]-Im-c-am-Wv.
Hcp shdpw Irjn-¡m-c-\mbn Ime-bm-]\w Ign-¨p-sIm-n-cp¶ Hcm-fm-bn-cp¶p Xncp-th-Kw-]-¯qÀ kztZ-in-bmb shÅ-b³. BK-Ìp-hn-¹hw At±-l-s¯bpw Bth-iw-sIm-Ån-¨p. Xncp-th-Kw-]-¯q-cmWv inhw-KKm FtÌäp Ie-IvS-dpsS B^o-Êpw, Xma-k-Ø-e-hpw. A¶s¯ Ie-IvS-cpsS t]cv s]m¶p-kzm-an-]n-Å-sb-¶m-bn-cp-¶p. 1932-þse kXy-{K-l-Im-e¯v s]m¶p-kzman]nÅ thZm-c-Wy-¯n (C-hn-sS-bmWv cmPm-Pn-bpsS t\Xr-Xz-¯n D¸p-k-Xy-{Klw \S-¶-Xv) k_v Unhn-j-\ aPn-kvt{Säm-bn-cp-¶p. kXy-{K-ln-I-fpsS ta ]pfn-hSn kt¦m-N-an-ÃmsX {]tbm-Kn-¡m-dp-m-bn-cp-¶-Xp-sImp Abmsf "]pfn-bhn-fmÀ' s]m¶p-kzman F¶mWv Bfp-IÄ hnfn-¡m-dv. B ]pfn-b-hn-fmÀ BK-Ìp-hn-¹-h-¯nsâ aqÀ²-\y-¯n Xncp-th-Kw-]-¯q-cnse FtÌäp Ie-IvS-cm-bn-cp-¶p. A¶-t±lw Xncp-th-Kw-]-¯qÀ tdmUnÂIqsS Xsâ Imtdm-Sn¨p hcn-I-bm-bn-cp-¶p. At¸m-fmWp hn¹-h-Im-cn-I-fmb Hcp P\-¡q-«w At±-l-¯ns¶Xnsc \S-¶p-h-cp-¶p-m-bn-cp-¶-Xv. AhÀ ImÀ XS-ªp-\nÀ¯n. ]gb ]pfn-b-hn-fm-dmWp Imdn-ep-Å-sX¶p I-t¸mÄ AhÀ At±-ls¯ ImdnÂ\n-¶n-d-¡n. Imdn\p Xo sImfp-¯n. Cu L«-¯n-em-bn-cp¶p sXmÀap-¯¿ s]m¶p-kzm-ansb ac-W-¯n \n¶p c£n-¨-Xv.
sXmÀap-¯¿ A¶-hnsS CÃm-Xn-cp-¶p-sh-¦n s]m¶p-kzm-an-bpsS IY A¶p AhnsS tdmUnÂsh¨p Ign-ª-Xp-X-s¶. B P\-¡q-«-¯n-ep-m-bn-cp¶ \½psS shÅ-b³ Ie-IvS-cpsS Imep-d-bpw, tläpw, tIm«pw Ducn-hm-§n-¨p. Ah-sbÃmw shÅ-b³Xs¶ kzbw [cn-¡p-Ibpw sNbvXp. F¶n«v Ct¸m-fm-cmWp IeIvSÀ F¶p ]nÅ-tbmSp tNmZn-¨p. ac-W--sh-{]mfw ]nSn-s]« s]m¶p-kzm-an-]nÅ "Ct¸mÄ \n§-fmWp Ie-IvSÀ' F¶p D¯-chpw ]d-ªp. Cu kw`-h-amWv
shÅ-bs\ Ie-IvS-dm-¡n-b-Xv. ]n¶oSp shÅ-bs\ t]meokp AdÌp sNbvXp. Abm-fpsS sIm¼³ao-i-bnse tcma-§Ä Hmtcm-t¶m-tcm-¶mbn AhÀ ]dn-s¨-Sp-¯p. _b-W-ävsImv In«nb Hcp Ip¯v shÅ-bsâ ico-c-¯n hf-sc-¡mew ]gp-¯p-sIm-p-\n-¶p. shÅ-b³ Pbn-en KXn-sI«p InS-¡p-t¼mÄ ]pfn-b-hn-fmÀ Ahn-sS-s¨-Ãp-Ibpw "Ct¸mÄ BcmWp Ie-IvS-sd¶p' sh-Å-b-t\mSp tNmZn-¡p-Ibpw sNbvXp. "Ct¸mÄ \n§ÄX-s¶-bmWv Ie-IvSsd'¶p shÅ-b\pw k½-Xn-¨p. AXmWp R-§-fpsS Ie-IvS-dm-bn-cp¶ shÅ-bsâ IY. Beo-]p-c-¯m-bn-cp-¶-t¸mÄ shÅ-b\p hbÊp GXm-sm-c³]Xp Bbn-cp-¶p. hfsc ckn-I-\m-bn-cp¶p shÅ-b³.
C´y³kzmX-{´y-k-a-c-¯nse [oc-\mb Hcp ]S-bm-fn-bm-bn-cp¶p kpcw-]qSn {iol-cn-dm-hp. 1942 sk]vXw-_À 4þmw XobXn C´y³in£m \nb-a-{]-Imcw At±-ls¯ Hcp sImÃs¯ ITn-\-X-S-hn\p in£n-¨p. 7þmw XobXn At±-ls¯ Pbn-en-te¡p sImp-h-cn-Ibpw sNbvXp. A¶p At±-l-¯n\p 37 hbtÊ Dm-bn-cp-¶p-Åq. a\p-jy-cpsS P·m-h-Im-i-§Ä¡pw kzmX-{´y-¯n-\pw-thn Pbn-enepw s]mcp-Xn-s¡m-n-cp-¶p. AXp-sImv Xsâ PohnXw kml-k-hr-¯n-I-Ä \nd-ª-Xm-bn-cp-¶p. C´ym, _À½, ssN\, Xmbvev F¶o ]e cmPy-§-fnepw At±lw AXn-\p-ap¼v ZoÀL-k©-mcw \S-¯n-bn-«p-v. Ah-bn NneXp ImÂ\-S-bm-bn-«p-am-bn-cp-¶p. Cu {]m-h-iys¯ XShv At±-l-¯n\p BZyt-¯-X-Ãm-bn-cp-¶p. AXn-\p-ap¼v _À½-bnse amÞte sk³{S Pbn-enepw At±lw PbnÂ-in£ A\p-`-hn-¨n-«p-v. "Nm«-hmÀ' F¶ Cw¥o-jp-{]-Xn-hm-cn-I-bpsS ]{Xm-[n-]-cm-bn-cp-¶-t¸mÄ {]Êv\n-baw ewLn-¨-Xn-\m-bn-cp¶p A¶s¯ Pbn in£.
Beo-]pcw Pbn-en-em-bn-cp-¶-t¸mÄ Pbn-ep-tZym-K-Ø-·m-cpsS Ipä-§Ä Pbn kq{]-nsâ ZrjvSn-bnÂs¸-Sp-¯p-hm³ At±lw {ian-¨p. U]yq-«n -P-bn-e-dpsS ap¼msI X\n¡p In«nb tNmdv At±lw Xq¡n t\m¡n. 35 tXme-bv¡p-]-Icw AXp 30 tXme-tb-bp-m-bn-cp-¶p-Åq. asäm-cp-Zn-hkw sshIp-t¶-cs¯ tNmdv At±lw Xq¡n-t\m-¡n. 26 tXme¡p-]-Icw AXp 22 tXme-tb-bp-m-bn-cp-¶p-Åq. Cu tXmXn Znh-tk\ Btcm tNmdv X«n-sb-Sp¡p¶ps¶v At±lw Nqn-¡m-Wn-¨p. At±lw sIm-ph¶ asäm-cm-tcm-]Ww Pbn-ense I¡q-kp-I-sf-¡p-dn-¨m-bn-cp-¶p. 800 XS-hp-ImÀ¡v I¡q-kn 26 koäp-Itf Dm-bn-cp-¶p-Åq. Pbn-en ]e km[-\-§fpw aq¶n-sem¶v am{Xta In«n-bn-cp-¶p-Åq-sh-¶pw, Pbn-em-ip-]-{Xn-bn hne Ipdª aq¶p-\mep acp-¶p-IÄ am{Xsa DÅq-sh¶pw At±lw ]d-ªp. 1942 sk]vXw-_À 14þmw XobXn \S¶ em¯n-¨mÀÖn At±lw ITn-\-ambn {]Xn-tj-[n-¨p. Xsâ XS-hp-]pÅn anm-{]m-Wn-b-söp lu kq{]-n\v \Ã-t]mse Adn-bm-am-bn-cp-¶p. hnim-J-]-«Ww sk³{S Pbn-en sh¨v AhÀ t\c-s¯-Xs¶ ]cn-N-b-s¸-Sp-Ibpw sNbvXn-«p-v. A¶-t±lw Ahn-sS-h¨v Hcp \ncm-lm-c{hXw \S¯nbn-«p-v.
Cu hnIr-Xn-¡p-«s\ F§-s\-sb-¦nepw H¶-aÀ¡-W-sa¶v lu Xo-cp-am-\n-¨p. AhnsS Pbn tUmIvS-dm-bn-cp¶ tUm: kp-µ-c-cm-Ps\ At±lw Iq«p-]n-Sn-¡p-Ibpw At±-l-¯nsâ klm-b-t¯mSpIqSn {iol-cn-dm-hp-hns\ {`m´m-e--b-¯n-te-¡-b-¡p-hm³ Xocp-am-\n-¡p-Ibpw sNbvXp. "eq\kn' BIvSntâtbm, C´y³ {]nk³kv BIvSn-sâtbm NS-§p-IÄ \nÀÆ-ln-¡m-sX-Xs¶ {iol-cn-dm-hp-hns\ AhÀ IS-eq-cn PbnÂ]p-Ån-IÄ¡pÅ {`m´-im-e-bn-te-¡-b-¨p. dmhp-hns\ H_vkÀth-j-\nÂh-bv¡p-Itbm At±lw {`m´-\m-sW¶p aPn-kvt{Säp kÀ«nss^ sN¿p-Itbm sNbvXn-«n-Ã. IS-eqÀ Pbn-en At±-l-¯n\v hfsc IjvS-¸m-Sp-IÄ kln-t¡-n-h-¶n-«p-v. Pbn-enÂsh¨v {iol-cn-dmhp "lyqa¬ Fhm-ep-th-j³' F¶ t]cn Hcp ]pkvX-I-sa-gp-Xn. IS-eq-cnse PbnÂkq-{]-v At±-ls¯ kzt_m-[-apÅ Hcm-fmbn Xs¶ IW-¡m-¡n. Pbn `c-W-¯nÂXs¶ klm-bn-¨-Xn\v dmhp-hnsâ in£m-hn[n Npcp-¡-phm-³-t]mepw At±lw ip]mÀi sNbvXn-cp-¶p. 6 amkw 23 Znhkw {`m´³amÀ¡pÅ P-bn-en Ign-¨p-¡q-«n-b-Xn-\p-tijw 1948 Pqembv amk-¯n dmhp ]pd-¯p-h-¶p. ]n¶oSv Beo-]pcw Pbn kq{]-m-bn-cp¶ luhn-tâ-bpw, Pbn tUmIvS-dm-bn-cp¶ kpµ-c-cm-P-sâ-b-bpw, Kh¬-saân-sâbpw t]cnÂXs¶ Imc-Ww-Iq-SmsX {`m´³ P-bn-en-te-¡-b-¨-Xn\v {iol-cn-dmhp 4000 cq] \jvSw tNmZn-¨p-sImv Hcp tIkv sImSp-¯p. 1000 cq] \jvSw A\p-h-Zn-¨p-sImv tIkv hn[n-bm-hp-Ibpw sNbvXp.
Gä-hp-a-[nIw Ipä-hm-fn-Isf Beo-]pcw Pbn-en-te-¡-b¨v tIkv tZh-tIm« tIÊm-bn-cp-¶p. 350 t]sc-bmWv B tIÊn in£n-¨n-«p-m-bn-cp-¶Xv B tIkv kw_-Ôn-¨pÅ IqSp-X hnh-c-§Ä t\cs¯ ]d-ªn-«p--tÃm.
tImb-¼-¯q-cn kn¦-s\-Ãq-cn-\-Sp¯p bp²-km-a-{Kn-IÄ \nd¨ Hcp KpUvkvhn £p`n-X-cmb P\§Ä adn-¨n-Sp-I-bpw, kqfqcn anen-«dn temdn-IÄ I¯n-¡p-Ibpw sNbvXp. AXn-\p-]p-dsa tImb-¼-¯q-cnse hnam-\-¯m-h-f-¯n\pw P\-¡q«w Xosh-¨p. Cu kw`-h-§-fn-se-Ãmw-IqSn hf-sc-t¸sc in£n-¨n-«p-v. Ah-cn 12 t]À BPo-h-\m´ XS-hp-Imcpw 48 t]À Ggp sImÃ-¡mcpw 13 t]À ]¯p-sIm-Ã-¡mcpw 4 t]À H³-]-Xp-sIm-Ã-¡mcpw 300 t]À 2 apX 7 sImÃw-hsc in£-bp-Å-h-cp-am-bn-cp-¶p. Ch-cn ]me-¡m-«p-Im-c-\mb Fw.-kn. IrjvW³\m-b-sc¶ Hcp BPoh-\m-´-X-S-hp-Im-c-\p-ap-m-bn-cp-¶p.
Xncp-\Âthen PnÃ-bn Ipe-ti-J-c-]-«-W-¯n \S¶ D¸p-sdbnUv tIkm-bn-cp¶p asämcp {][m-\-s¸« tIkv. 1941 BKÌvamkw 17þmw XobXn cm{Xn Hcp henb P\-¡q«w Ipe-ti-J-c-]-«-W-¯nse D¸p-tÌmÀ B{I-an-¡p-I-bpw, At¸m-f-hn-sS-bp-m-bn-cp¶ "tÉm³' F¶ Hcp bqtdm-]y³ DtZym-K-س A¶-hnsS \S¶ Gäp-ap-«-en ac-W-a-S-bp-Ibpw sNbvXp. AXpkw_-Ôn¨p \S¶ tIÊn cmP-tKm-]m-e-\pw, Imin-cm-P\pw h[-in-£bpw thsd ]¯pt]À¡v BPo-h-\m´w ITn-\-X-Shpw aäp Ipsd-t]À¡v Ch-bn XmW-in-£-Ifpw In«n. cmP-tKm-]m-e-sâ-bpw, Imin-cm-P-sâbpw h[-in£ ssht{kmbn BPo-h-\m´w XS-hm¡n Npcp¡n AhÀ amk-§Ä a[pcm Unkv{SnIv Pbn-ense Iw-sk-Ãn Xq¡p-X-S-hp-Im-cmbn Ign-¨p-Iq-«n-b-Xn-\p-tijw Beo-]pcw Pbn-en-te-¡p-h-¶p.
a-[pcm Bkn-Uvt{Xm-bnwKv tIÊnse {]Xn-I-fmb cmP-tKm-]m-e³, cma-Ir-jvW³, \oe-I-WvT³ apX-em-b-hcpw B-eo-]p-c-¯p-m-bn-cp-¶p. BKÌv kw`-h-§sf XpSÀ¶p-mb t]meo-Ênsâ A{I-a-§Ä a[p-cm-\-K-c-¯nse P\-§sf hÃmsX t£m`n-¸n-¨p. A¶p AhnsS t]meokv C³kvs]-IvSm-dm-bn-cp¶ Sn. hniz-\m-Y-ta-t\m³ ao\m-£n-t£-{X-¯n sXm-gpXp ]pd-¯p-I-S-¡p-t¼mÄ Btcm apJ¯p BknUv
]IÀ¶-Xnsâ ^-e-am-bn, Abm-fpsS apJ-hpw, tZlhpw hÃmsX s]mÅn. Cu tIkn cmP-tKm-]m-e-\pw, cma-Ir-jvW-\pw, Ggp-sIm-Ã-hpw, Iq«p-Im-cmb cp-t]À¡v A©p-sIm-Ãhpw asämcp {]Xn¡p aq¶p-sIm-Ãhpw in£ In«n. apJ-hpw, ico-c-hpw hnIr-X-amb C³kvs]-IvSÀ¡m-Is« _lp-a-Xn-bpw, {]tam-j\pw In«p-Ibpw sNbvXp.
_kvhmU þ a-Zn-cmin sdbnÂth sse\n Nnep-aqÀ F¶ Øe¯v hfsc \mgnI \of-¯n sdbnÂ]mX \o¡w sN¿p-Ibpw, I¼n-¯q-Wp-IÄ ]dn-¨p-\o¡n KXm-K-X-kvXw-`\w hcp-¯p-Ibpw sNbvXn-cp-¶p. Zp{Km-fn ]«m-fmkm-[\w Ib-än-h-¶ Hcp henb KpUvkvhn P\-§Ä It¿-dp-I-bpw, hn-bn-ep-m-bn-cp¶ km[-\-§Ä \in-¸n-¡p-Ibpw sNbvXp. Zp{KmÄsd-bnÂth-tÌ-j³ AhÀ Np«v Nm¼-em-¡n. A-hnsS hf-sc-Zqcw sdbnÂ]m-X-IÄ \o¡w-sN-¿-s¸-Sp-Ibpw sNbvXp.
SuWn Bkvt{S-en-b³ ]«mfw ]e-h«w shSn-sh-bv]p-\-S-¯n. \nSp-t{_m-ep-tÌ-j\n P\-§Ä tI_n³ I¯n-¨v, ]mX-\o-¡n, I¼n XIÀ¯p, cp F³Pn-\p-I-tfm-Sp-IqSnb Hcp Xohn adn-¨n«p \in-¸n-¨p. Cw¥o-jp-Im-cp-sS- h-I-bmbn AhnsSbpm-bn-cp¶ Hcp ]pI-bne I¼\n AhÀ Xosh-¨p-I-¯n-¨p. _À½m-Hm-bn I¼-\n-¡m-cpsS Sm¦p-IÄ B{I-an-¨p. Nndmf sd-bnÂth-tÌ-j³ It¿-dp-Ibpw AhnsS kq£n-¨p-h-¨n-cp¶ tXm¡p apX-emb km[-\-§Ä ]nSn-s¨-Sp-¡p-Ibpw sNbvXp. HmwtKm-fn-\pw, s\Ãq-cn\pw at²y \mep sdbnÂth-tÌ-j³ I¯n¨p sh®o-dm-¡n. KpqÀSu-Wn \S¶ kwL-«-\-§-fpsS ^e-ambn t]meokp shSn-sh-bv¡p-I-bpw, aq¶p-hn-ZymÀ°n-IÄ acn-¡p-Ibpw sNbvXp. ]Sn-ªmsd tKmZm-h-cn-Pn-Ã-bn-epÅ `oahcw Xmeq-¡n `oa-hcw t]meo-k-vsse-\pw, Xmeq-¡m-^o-kpw, \in-¸n-¨p. hmÀ dn{Iq-«nwKv B^o-knse FÃm km[-\-§fpw Np«p-\-in-¸n-¨p. PnÃm Ie-IvSsd JZÀ [cn-¸n¨v {XnhÀ®-]-XmI ]nSn-¸n¨v Abmsf ap¶n \S-¯n-s¡mv Hcp tLmj-bm{X \bn-¨p. B{ÔtZ-i-¯nÂ\n¶v Npcp-§n-bXv Aªq-tdmfw Bfp-IÄ in£n-¡-s¸-«n«pv. Beo-]pcw Pbn-en `o-am-hcw Xm-eq-¡nÂ\n-¶p-am{Xw Ccp-¶q-dn-e-[nIw B-fp-IÄ D-m-bn-cp-¶p. F¶m B{Ôm-¡m-cn BÀ¡pw Ggp-sIm-Ã-¯n¡hnª in£ Dmbncp-¶n-Ã. Nm«-hm-dp-sIm-pÅ ASn B{Ô-¡mcn ]eÀ¡pw hn[n-¡-s¸-«n-«p-m-bn-cp-¶p.
tIc-f-¯n \n¶p-Å-hÀ
tIc-f-¯nÂ\n¶v DÅn-tbcn ]mew-s]m-fn-t¡Êv tNm¼m sdbnÂth Xosh-bv]p-tI-kv, ^dq¡v ]mew-s]m-fn-t¡-kv, Xe-tÈcn KqVm-tem-N-\-t¡-kv, Iog-cn-bqÀ t_mw_v tIkv F¶o ]e henb tIÊp-I-fnepw in£n-¡-s¸-«n-«p-Å-hÀ¡p ]pdsa Un^³kv þ Hm^v þ C´ym \nb-a-{]-Imcw in£n-¡-s¸« Ht«sd Bfp-Ifpw Pbn-en Dm-bn-cp-¶p. Xe-tÈcn KqVm-tem-N-\-t¡-knse H¶mw-{]Xn _me\v ]¯p-sIm-Ãhpw aäpÅ {]Xn-I-fmb Cu.-sI. _m¸q-«n, htS-c-tKm-]m-e³, kn.-F-¨v. Ipªp-cm-a³\-¼ymÀ, F³. i¦-c³, sI. IrjvW³am-ÌÀ, sambvXo³ F¶-hÀ¡p Ggp-sImÃw hoXhpw ^tdm¡v ]mew-s]mfn tIÊnse H¶mw-{]Xn ]tc-X-\mb A¸p-¡p-«n¡v ]{´-p-sIm-Ã-hpw, Iog-cn-bqÀ t_mw_v tIÊnse tImb-¸Ån \mcm-b-W³\m-bÀ¡v Ggp-sIm-Ã-hp-am-bn-cp-¶p in£-IÄ. UmIvSÀ. sI.-_n. tat\m-\pw, F³.-F. IrjvW³\m-b-cpw, i¦-c³ \mb-cpw, hn.-F. tIi-h³\m-bcpw F¯n-b-tXm-Sp-IqSn ]¯p-sIm-Ã-¡mÀ Ggp-t]-cmbn hÀ²n-¨p. BK-Ìp-k-acw kw_-Ôn¨v ae-_m-dn \n¶v Aªq-dp-t]-tcmfw Beo-]pcw Pbn-en in£ A\p-`-hn-¨n-«p-v.
Pbn-enÂ\n¶p ]pd-¯p-t]m-Ip-hm-\pÅ kµÀ`-§Ä hcp-¶p-tm-sb¶v hf-sc-{i-²m-]qÀÆw R§Ä ]cn-tim-[n-¡m-dp-m-bn-cp-¶p. ]pd¯p \S-¡p¶ IqSn-bm-tem-N-\-I-sf-¡p-dn-s¨Ãmw AXn-i-tbmàn IeÀ¶ dnt¸mÀ«p-IÄ Pbn-en-\p-Ån F¯m-dp-v. Ata-cn-¡³ {]kn-U-m-bn-cp¶ dqÊv-shÂänsâ {]Xn-]p-cp-j-·m-cmbn tPm¬k-Wpw, ^nen¸pw aäpw C´y-bn h¶-t¸mÄ AhÀ \S-¯p¶ IqSn-bm-tem-N-\-I-sf-¡p-dn-s¨Ãmw {i²m-]qÀÆw R§fpw t\m¡n-bn-«p-v. BscÃmw X½n Fs´Ãmw Xc-¯n kw`m-j-W-§Ä \S-¶mepw R-§sf kw_-Ôn¨v tImS-Xn-IÄ \ÂInb in£-IÄ¡v amä-sam¶pw CsÃ-¶m-bn-cp¶p R§-fpsS A\p-`-hw. A§s\ cp-sIm-Ã-t¯¡p PbnÂin£ hn[n-¨n-cp¶ kn.-F-¨v.-sI. \¼ymÀ¡pw, F\n¡pw Pbn-en ]d-b-¯¡ Bh-em-Xn-I-sfm¶pw Dm-Im-Xn-cp-¶-Xp-sImp sdan-j³ In-«nb aq¶p-amkw Ipd¨v Ht¶-ap-¡m sImÃw apgp-h\pw Pbn-en InS-t¡n h¶n-«p-v. in£m-h[n ]qÀ¯n-bm-b-Xn\p tijw R§sf Pbn-enÂ\n¶ hn«-b¨p. 29-þm-as¯ hb-Ên Pbn-enÂt]mb Rm³ 31-þm-as¯ hb-Ên-emWv P-bn-enÂ\n¶v ]pd-¯n-d-§n-b-Xv. Fsâ Pohn-X-¯nse at\m-l-c-hpw, kp{]-[m-\-hp-amb cp-hÀj-§Ä A§s\ Beo-]pcw Pbn-ense amÀ±-h-an-Ãm¯ I¸-S-hp-I-fn ebn¨p tNÀ¶n-cn-¡p-I-bm-Wv.
A§s\ hf-sc-\mÄ Im¯n-cp¶ PbnÂhn-tam-N-\-Zn\w R§Ä¡pw s]m«n-hn-SÀ¶p. hntam-N\w kw_-Ôn-¨pÅ IS-em-Êp-I-sfÃmw icn-s¸-Sp¯n PbnÂh-kv{X-§Ä Xncn-¨p-hm-§n, Ht¶ ap¡m sImÃw-ap¼v R§-fnÂ\n¶p Pbn-e-[n-Ir-X-·m-cm-sä-Sp-¯n-cp¶ R§-fpsS ]gbh-kv{X-§Ä R§Ä¡p Xncn-¨p-X-¶p. AXn-\n-S-bn \m«nÂ\n¶v R-§Ä¡-b-¨p-X-¶n-cp¶ ]pXp-h-kv{X-§fpw Pbn-e-[n-Im-cn-IÄ R-§Ä¡p-X-¶p.
Pbn-enÂ\n¶p \m«n-tebv¡p Xncn-s¨-¯p-hm-\pÅ sdbnÂhm-d-p-ambn kn.-F-¨v.-sI. \¼ymcpw Rm\pw ]pd-¯n-d-§n. Ht¶-ap-¡m sImÃ-¯n-\p-tijw hopw hnim-e-amb temI-¯n R§-fn-d-§p-I-bm-Wv. R-§sf \nb-{´n-¡p-hm-t\m, `oj-Wn-s¸-Sp-¯p-hmt\m Pbn-e-[n-Ir-XÀ C¶p-ap-X C\n Dm-hp-I-bn-Ã. R§Ä¡n-jvS-apÅ Ø
§-fn-seÃmw C\n btYjvSw k©-cn-¡mw. CjvS-apÅ km[-\-§Ä hm§n-¡-gn-¡p-Ibpw sN¿mw. Pbn-en R§Ä¡p \ntj-[n-v¡s¸-«n-cp¶ \h-c-k-§-fn hfsc {][m\-amb Hcp ck-amWp a[p-cw. ]pd-¯n-d-§n-bm [mcmfw ]©-km-c-bpw, iÀ¡-c-bpw, hm§n-¡-gn-¡-W-sa¶v Pbn-en-\p-ÅnÂ\n¶p R§Ä Icp-Xn-b-Xm-bn-cp-¶p. AXp-t]mse [qa-]m-\hpw Pbn-en \njn-²-am-Wv. ]pd-¯n-d-§nb DSs\ Hcp ]m¡äv knKcäp-hm§n hen-¨q-X-W-sa¶v R§Ä Xocp-am-\n-¨n-cp-¶p. ]pd-¯n-d-§nb DSs\ knK-cäp-I-Ssb kao-]n-¡p-I-bpw, Hmtcm ]mIv knK-c-äp-IÄ hm§n-¡p-Ibpw sNbvXp-sh-¦nepw hnNm-cn-¨-Xp-t]mse Ah hen-¨p-XoÀ¡p-hm³ R§Ä¡p km[n-¨n-Ã. Hcp knK-cäp-Xs¶ apgp-h³ hen-¡p-hm³ km[n-¡msX R§Ä hnj-an-¨p. ]pI-h-en-¡p¶ ioew-Xs¶ Pbn-enÂ\n¶p R§Ä¡p \jvS-s¸-«n-cp-¶p.
Hcp km{am-Py-¯nsâ ih-¡-Ãd
]pd-¯n-d-§n-bm ImWp-hm-\m-{K-ln¨ Hcp Øew hnP-b-\-K-c-a-lm-km-{am-Py-¯nsâ NpS-e-¡-f-amb "lw]n'bmWv. AXp ImWp-hm³ C\n-sbm-c-h-kcw h¶p-sh¶p hcp-¶-X-Ã. \m«nse¯phm³ aqt¶m \mtem Znh-k-§Ä Xma-kn-¨p-t]m-Ip-¶-Xp-sImp ]d-b-¯¡ hnj-a-X-I-sfm-¶p-an-Ã. "lw]n'-bn t]mbn AsXm¶p I-Xn-\p-tijw Xncn-¨p-t]m-Im-sa¶p IcpXn kn.-F-¨v. sI. \¼ymcpw Rm\pw s_Ãm-cn-bnÂ\n¶v "lw]n'-bn-te¡p bm{X-Xn-cn-¨p. Dt±iw ap¸-Xp-\m-gnI AI-se-bmWv lw]nsb¶mWv Rm\n-t¸m-tgmÀ¡p-¶-Xv. XpwK-`-{Z-\-Zn-bpsS Xoc¯v Hcp km{amPy Xe-Øm-\-¯nsâ NpS-e-¡fw \op-]-c-¶-§ns\ InS-¡p-¶p. Z£n-tW-´y-bnse km{am-Pym-[n-]-Xn-bm-bn-cp¶ IrjvW-tZ-h-cm-b-cpsS Xe-Øm-\-\-K-c-am-bn-cp¶p AXv. C¶-hnsS henb P\-hm-k-an-sÃ-¦nepw A¶Xv C´y-bnse Hcp alm-\-K-c-am-bn-cp-¶p. Ahn-sS-bp-m-bn-cp¶ tIm«-I-fp-sS-bpw, sIm¯-f-§-fp--tSbpw Ah-in-jvS-§Ä C¶pw AhnsS ImWp-hm-\p-v. hncq-]m£ t£{X-amWp AhnsS C¶p ImWp-hm-\pÅ Hcp {][m\ ImgvN-h-kvXp.
Fs¶ BIÀjn¨ asämcp Imcyw-IqsS F\n-¡-hnsS ImWp-hm³ km[n-¨p. Bbn-c-¡-W-¡n-\m-fp-IÄ¡v H¶n-¨n-cp¶p `£Ww Ign-¡p-hm-\pÅ t`mP-\-im-e-bpsS kÖo-I-c-W-§-fm-W-h. Icn-¦-Ãn ]m{X-§Ä sIm¯n h¨n-cn-¡p-I-bmWv AXn-\p-sXm-«-¸p-d¯p B
IÃnÂXs¶ Ipgn-¨p-m-¡nb Hcp NmenÂIqSn XpwK-`-{Z-\-Zn-bnse shÅw Hgp-In-t¸m-Ip-¶p. B shÅw-tImcn \o I¸-e-I-I-fn sIm¯n-bp-m-¡nb ]m{X-§-fnse D¨njvSw Igp-Ip-hm³ Ign-bp-¶-Xm-Wv. km{amPyw \ne-\n-¶n-cp-¶-t¸mÄ Ahn-sS-sh¨v \S-¶n-cn-¡m-hp¶ kZy-I-sf-¡p-dn¨p R§-sfm-¶m-tem-Nn¨p t\m¡n. P\-\n-_n-U-am-bn-cp¶ A¶¯ B alm-\-K-c-hpw, C¶s¯ P\-iq-\y-amb Cu "lw]n' {Kmahpw X½n-epÅ A´cw F{X hep-Xm-Wv.
Ct¸mÄ "lw]n'bpsS \ne F´m-sW¶v F\nbv¡p \à \nÝ-b-an-Ã. AXn-¶p-tijw XpwK-`-{Z- AWs¡«v DbÀ¶p-h-cn-Ibpw "lw]n' bpsS apJ-`m-hw-Xs¶ amdn-t¸m-hp-Ibpw sNbvXn-«p-v. "\mKmÀÖp-\-km-KÀ' C´y-bnse {][m-\-s¸« ImgvN-Ø-e-§-fn H¶m-bn-XoÀ¶n-cn-¡p-I-bm-Wv. AhnsS h¶n-cn¡m-hp¶ ]cn-hÀ¯-\-§fpsS cq]-s¯-¡p-dn¨v F\n-¡n-t¸mÄ \à \nÝ-b-an-sÃ-¦nepw hnP-b-\-K-c-km-{am-Py-¯nsâ \jvS-s¸-«p-t]mb B ]gb {]m_-ey-¯n-te¡v hopw Hs¶-¯n-t\m¡p-hm³ C¶p B {]-tZ-i-§Ä¡v Ign-hp-m-bn-cn-¡p-sa¶v Rm\q-ln-¡p-¶p. "lw]n'bnÂ\n¶v R§Ä "Kp¡'te¡pw Ahn-sS-\n¶v _mw¥q-cn-te¡pw _mw¥q-cnÂ\n¶v \m«n-te¡pw R§Ä Xncn-s¨-¯n. Iptd Znh-k-§Ä kzoI-c-W-§-fpsS _l-f-am-bn-cp-¶p. Pbn-enÂt]mbn Xncn-s¨-¯nb kzmX-{´y-k-a-c-`-S-·mÀ F¶ \ne-bn Iptd-Zn-h-k-§Ä \m«n R§Ä¡v \à amÀ¡äpw Dm-bn-cp-¶p. kzmX{´yw In«n-bn-sÃ-¦nepw kzmX-{´y-¯nsâ e£-W-§Ä Ipsd-¡qSn sXfn-ªp-h-cp¶ Ime-L-«-am-bn-cp¶p AXv.
AXn-\n-S-bn-emWv t_mws_-bn \n¶v Fsâ kvt\ln-X³ Fkv.-sI. s]mä¡m-Snsâ Hsc-gp-¯p-In-«n-b-Xv. t_mws_ ae-b-mfn kt½-f-\-sa-¶-t]-cn AhÀ Hcp kt½-f\w \S-¯p-¶p-s¶pw AXn Rm³ ]s¦-Sp-¡-W-sa¶pw kt½-f-\-¯n If-cn-¸-bäp {]ZÀin-¸n-¡p-hm³ AhÀ Dt±-in-¡p-¶p-sh¶pw aäpw ImWn-¨p-sIm-p-Å-Xm-bn-cp¶p B I¯v. e£y-an-ÃmsX Hgp-In-s¡m-n-cp¶ Pohn-X-¯n\p XmÂImen-I-amsb¦nepw Hcp e£yapmb-Xpt]mse F\n¡m Fgp¯p hmbn¡p-t¼mÄ tXm¶n. kzmX{´yka-c-¯n ]s¦-Sp-¡p-¶-Xn-\p-ap³]p Rm³ sImp-\-S-¶n-cp¶ lnµp-Øm³ If-cn-kw-Ls¯ hopw H¶p hnfn-¨p-Iq-«n. t_mws_-bn t]mIp-hm-s\-¶p-tI-«-t¸mÄ AhÀs¡Ãmw AXn AXn-bmb kt´mjw tXm¶n. A§ns\ \nÝn-X-Zn-hkw lnµp-Øm³ If-cn-kw-L-t¯m-sSm¸w Xe-tÈ-cn-bnÂ\n¶v t_mws_-bn-te¡p R§Ä hn-I-b-dn.
Fsâ BZys¯ t_mws_ bm{X-bm-bn-cp¶p AXv. "BÀt¡m-Ww-h-sc-bpÅ hgn F\n¡p \Ã-t]mse ]cn-Nn-X-am-bn-cp-¶p. Ime¯p BÀt¡m-W-s¯-¯n-b-t¸mÄ R§Ä hn-bn \n-¶n-d-§n. t_mws_-bn-te-¡p- t]m-Ip¶ FIvkv{]Êv a{Zm-Ên \n¶p BÀt¡m-W-s¯-¯p-¶Xpw Im¯n-cn-¸m-bn. AXn-\p-ap¼p R§-fpsS km[-\-§Ä hn-bn Ib-äp-hm-\pÅ hne-t]-i-en BÀt¡m-W-¯pÅ t]mÀ«Àam-cp-ambn CS-ªn-cp-¶p. AXn tbmPn-¸n-ÃmsX R§Ä \n¶p. AXn-\n-S-bn Hcp henb ag-s]-¿p-¶-tXm-Sp-IqSn hn tÌj-\n F¯p-Ibpw sNbvXp. BÄIq-«-¯n-\n-S-bnÂIqSn R§Ä km[-\-§-fp-sa-Sp¯p Xn¡n-¯n-c¡n Hcp hn[-¯n hn-bn Ib-dn.
Hcp t]m¡-äSn
hn BÀt¡m-Ww-hn«v Ipd-¨p-Zqcw t]mb-t¸m-gmWp Fsâ t]m¡-ä-Sn-¡-s¸« IY Rm³ a\-Ên-em¡n-b-Xv. Xe-tÈ-cn-bn \n¶v t_mws_-bn-te-¡pÅ Ggp Sn¡-äp-Ifpw \mÂ]-tXmfw Ddp-¸n-I-bp-amWp Fsâ B t]gvkn At¸mgp-m-bn-cp-¶-Xv. t]gvkv t]mb hnhcw IqsS-bp-Å-hsc Adn-bn-¨p. aäpÅ bm{X-¡m-tcm-sSm¶pw ]d-bmsX R§Ä bm{X XpSÀ¶p-sIm-n-cp-¶p. Sn¡-sä-Ivkm-an-\ÀamÀ Bcpw R§-fpsS
apdn-bn Ib-dn-bn-cp-¶n-Ã. B bm{X Ae-«p-I-sfm¶pw IqSmsX ]q\-bn-temfw R§sf F¯n-¨p. ]q\-bn-se-¯n-b-t¸mÄ R§-fpsSIqsS bm{X sNbvXn-cp-¶-h-cn-sem-cm-fp-ambn Sn¡äv hmt§ Imcy-s¯-¡p-dn¨v R§-fm-tem-Nn-¨p. F¦nepw Sn¡äv hm§n-bn-Ã. ]q\-hn«v hn Ieym-Wn-se-¯n. Ieym-Wn-en-d-§p-I-bm-bn-cp¶ Hcp kvt\ln-Xsâ I¿n t_mws_-bn-te-¡pÅ Sn¡-äp-IÄ hm§p-hm³ R§Ä ]Ww sImSp-¯p. hn Ieym¬ hnSp-¶-Xn-\n-S-bn At±lw Sn¡-äp-ambn aS-§n-h--cp-sa¶pw hnjaw IqSmsX R§Ä¡v t_mws_-bn-se-¯m³ Ign-bp--sa-¶p-amWv R§Ä Icp-Xn-b-Xv.
Sn¡äp hm§p-hm³ t]mbn-cp¶ R§-fpsS kvt\ln-X³ aS-§n-h-cp-¶Xp R-§Ä Ip. At±-l-¯nsâ IqsS Hcp Sn¡-sä-Ivkm-an-\dpw D-mbn-cp-¶p. Ieym-WnÂ\n¶v t_mws_-bn-te¡p Ggp Sn¡-äp-IÄ H¶n¨p hm§p-hm³ {ian¨ kvt\ln-Xsâ \S-]-Sn-bn kwibw tXm¶nb Sn¡-sä-Ivkm-an-\À A-t±-l-s¯bpw Iq«n R-§-fpsS ASp-t¯¡p h¶-Xm-bn-cp-¶p. R§-fpsS I¿n Sn¡-änà F¶v t_m²y-am-b-Xn-s\-¯p-SÀ¶v R§-sf-sb-Ãm-h-scbpw Ieym-Wn-en-d-¡n. Dmb hkvXp-X-I-sfÃmw At±-lt¯mSp ]d-sª-¦nepw Sn¡-änsâ ]W-hpw, ]ngbpw sImSp-¡msX R§sf hn«-b-¡p-¶-X-söp At±lw ]d-ªp.
B hn Ieym¬ hnSp-¶-Xn-\p-ap-¼mbn R§-fpsS IqsS t_mws_ hgn _tdm-Ubv¡p t]mIp-¶p-m-bn-cp¶ Hcp kvt\ln-X-t\mSv ZmZ-dn R§sf Im¯n-cn-¡p-hm-\n-S-bpÅ s]mä-¡m-«ns\ Ip-]n-Sn¨v R-§Ä¡p ]änb hnj-a-X-I-sf-¡p-dn¨v Adn-bn-¡-W-sa¶v AXn-\p-Ån Rm³ GÀ¸m-Sp-sN-bvXn-cp-¶p. s]mä-¡mSp hs¶-¦n-e-ÃmsX c£-bn-sÃ-¶pÅ \ne-bn R§Ä Ieym¬tÌ-j-\nÂXs¶ Ip¯n-bn-cn-¡p-hm³ \nÀº-Ôn-X-cm-bn. acym-Z-bn-Ãm¯ kw`m-j-W-¯n-\pw, s]cp-am-ä-¯n\pw hnt[-b-cmbn Xo{h-amb at\m-th-Z\ A\p-`-hn-¨p-sIm-mWv A¶p sshIp-t¶-cw-hsc R§Ä AhnsS Ign-¨p-Iq-«n-b-Xv. sshIp-t¶-c-am-b-t¸mÄ Fkv.-sI. s]mä-¡m«p Ieym-Wn-se-¯p-Ibpw ]q\-bnÂ\n¶v Ieym-Wn-te-¡pÅ FIvkkv NmÀÖv R§-fpsS FÃm-h-cp-tSbpw t]cn AS-¡p-Ibpw sNbvX-Xn-\p-tijw R§Ä t_mws_bv¡p bm{X-Xn-cn-¨p.
a¯mbn amªq-cm³
ZmZ-dn hn-bn-d-§n-b-t¸mÄ Ht«sd ae-bm-fn-IÄ R§sf kzoI-cn-¡p-hm³ tÌj-\n k¶n-ln-X-cm-bn-«p-s¶v R§Ä¡p a\-Ên-em-bn. Ah-cn-sem-cmsf BZy-ambn s]mä-¡m«v ]cn-N-b-s¸-Sp-¯n. "CXmWp a¯mbn amªq-cm³. Ct±-ls¯ R§Ä hnfn-¡p-¶Xv anÌÀ amXyp F¶m-Wv.' Rm³ At±ls¯ H¶p t\m¡n. ae-_m-dn Iog-cn-bqÀ t_mw_p-tI-Ênse cmw {]Xn-bmb a¯mbn amªq-cms\ CXp-hsc t]meo-Êp-ImÀ¡v ]nSn-In-«n-bn-«n-Ã. B a¯mbn amªq-cm-s\-bmWv CXmWp a¯mbn amªq-cm³ F¶p ]d-ªp-sImv t_mws_-bnse ZmZÀtÌ-j-\nÂsh¨v Fs¶ ]cn-N-b-s¸-Sp-¯p-¶-Xv.
R§-sf-Ãm-h-cpw-IqSn BZyw ZmZ-dn-epÅ Sn.-sI. Ipdp-¸nsâ hk-Xn-bn-te¡pw ]ns¶ JmÀtdm-Un R§Ä¡p Xma-kn-¡p-hm³ X¿m-dm-¡n-bn-cp¶ hk-Xn-bn-te¡pw t]mbn. t_mws_ ae-bm-fn-k-t½-f-\-¯n B²y£w hln-¡p-hm³ ]«w-Xm-Wp-]n-Å-sbbpw DZvLm-S-I-\mbn tPmk^v ap-tÈ-cn-sb-bp-am-bn-cp¶p Xocp-am-\n-¨n-cp-¶-Xv. F¶m kt½-f-\-Zn-hkw ASp-s¯-¯n-b-tXm-Sp-IqSn s{]m^-ÊÀ ap-tÈcn t_mws_bv¡p hcp-¶n-söp kt½-f-\-`m-c-hm-ln-IÄ¡p a\-Ên-em-bn. AXp-sImp kt½-f-\-¯n {]mkw-KnI-\mbn kw_Ôn¡msa¶p Gän-cp¶ Ft¶mSv DZvLm-S-\-{]-kwKw sN¿p-hm³ Bh-iy-s¸-«p. Rm\-tXÂ-¡p-Ibpw sNbvXp. ]s£ Xma-k-Ø-e-¯p-\n¶p kt½-f-\-Ø-e-amb kpµÀ`mbn lmfn F¯n-t¨-cp-hm³ F\n¡p {]bmkw t\cn-«p. t_mws_-\-Kcw F\n¡p ]cn-Nn-XaÃmXncp-¶-XmWp AXn-\pÅ Imc-Ww. Rm³ F¯n-t¨-cp-hm³ sshIp-¶p-s¶p I-t¸mÄ ]«-¯ns\ A¶p t_mws_-bn-temfw A\p-K-an-¨n-cp¶ Hcp am\y-t\mSp DZvLm-S-\-IÀ½w \nÀh-ln-¡p-hm³ Bh-iy-s¸-Sp-t¼m-tg¡p Rm-\-hnsS F¯n-t¨-cp-Ibpw kt½-f-\-¯nsâ DZvLm-S-\-{]-kwKw Rm³ Xs¶ \nÀÆln-¡p-Ibpw sNbvXp. A¶s¯ B {]kw-K-s¯-¡p-dn¨p Ipd-s¨m¶p ]d-tb-Xp Bh-iy-am-sW¶p tXm¶p-¶p.
Fsâ Pohn-X-¯n henb Hcp sImSp-¦mäpw tImfn-f-¡-hp-ap-m-¡n-b-hcpw F\n-¡p-ap¼p t_mws_-bn-se¯n Xmakw XpS-§n-bn-«p-Å-h-cp-amb Hcp hyàn B tbmK-¯n kw_-Ôn-¡m-Xn-cn-¡p-I-bn-söv F\n-¡p-d-¸p-m-bn-cp-¶p. ASÀ¡-f-¯n-te¡v Xsâ aIs\ bm{X Ab-¡p-t¼mÄ Btcm-a-ep-®n-bmÀ-¨.
"t\cn«p sh«n acn-¨-sX-¦nÂ
hot«¡p \sÃmcp am\w-X-s¶.
hocm-fn-]«p hnXm-\-t¯msS
BÀ¯p-hn-fn¨p Rm³ sImp-t]m-cpw.
Hfn-hm-fp-sImp acn-¨-sX-¦nÂ
]t¨m-e-bnÂsI«n henbv¡pw Rms\.
Fe ]pe-IpSn Ign-bv¡-bnÃ'
F¶p ]-dª hcn-IÄ Rm³ \à Cu-W-¯n B kt½-f-\-¯n sNmÃn. aIsâ acWw XoÀ¨-bm-sW-¶-dn-ªn«pw B acWw t\Àh-gn-bv-¡p-Å-Xm-bn-cn-¡-W-sa¶v kn²m-´n-¡p¶ [oc-bmb B amXm-hn-s\-¡p-dn¨v ]d-ª-t¸mÄ kZÊv H¶-S¦w {]I-¼\wsIm-Xp-t]mse tXm¶n. Fsâ DZvLm-S-\-{]-kw-K-hpw, ]«w-Xm-Wp-]n-Å-bpsS A²y-£-{]-kw-K-hpw, sI.-sI. sNÃ-¸³]nÅ, inh³]nÅ F¶o Fw.-FÂ.-F. amcpsS {]kw-K-§Ä Ignªv Rm³ tÌPnÂ\n¶ Xmsg-bn-d-§n-b-t¸mÄ tbmK-¯n-ep-m-Ip-sa¶p Rm³ {]Xo-£n-¨n-cp¶ BÄ Fs¶ kzm-KXw sN¿p-hm³ Xmg¯p Im¯p-\n¸p-m-bn-cp-¶p.
ae-bmfn kt½-f-\-¡m-cpsS GXm-smcp XS-hp-]pÅn F¶ \ne-bn ]«w-Xm-Wp-]nÅ A¶p Xma-kn-¨n-cp-¶Xv kn.-_n. IpamÀ F¶ t]cn kp{]-kn-²-\mb Fgp-¯p-Im-csâ aem-Sn-epÅ ho«n-em-bn-cp-¶p. kn.-_n. Ipam-dm-bn-cp¶p ae-bmfn kt½-f-\-¯nsâ kzmK-X-kw-Lm-²y-£³. (C{Xbpw Fgp-Xn-¡-gn-ª-Xn-\p-ti-j-amWv kn.-_n. IpamÀ P\o-h-bnÂsh¨v A´-cn-¨p-sh-¶pÅ hnhcw ]{X-§-fn hmbn-bv¡p-hm-\n-S-h-¶-Xv.)
GXm-smcp XS-hp-]pÅn F¶p ]d-bp-hm³ {]tXy-I-samcp Imc-W-ap-v. t_mws_ ae-bm-fn-I-fpsS kt½-f\w CÃmbva sN¿p-hm³ Hcp-]s£ AXp \S-¡p-I-bm-sW-¦nÂXs¶ AXns\ Ae-t¦m-e-s¸-Sp-¯p-hm\pw Hcp FXnÀI£n {]hÀ¯n-¨p-sIm-n-cp-¶p. B FXnÀ I£n-I-fpsS NcSp hen-I-fpsS ^e-am-bn-«mWp s{]m^-kÀ ap-tÈcn kt½-f-\-¯n\p h-cm-Xn-cp-¶-sX¶p ]d-b-s¸-«n-cp-¶p. GXm-bmepw ]«w-Xm-Wp-]n-Åsb kt½-f\w Ign-bp-¶-Xp-hsc `mc-hm-ln-IÄ kpc-£n-X-ambn aem-SnÂ-Xs¶ Xma-kn-¸n-¨p. kt½-f-\-¯nsâ {][m-\-s¸« `mc-hmlnIfn a¯mbn amªq-cm³, Fkv.-sI. s]m-ä-¡m-Sv, Sn.-sI. Ipdp-¸v, Fw. Ipª-¼p-\m-bÀ F¶n-h-scÃmw DÄs¸-Sp-¶p.
kntem-Wn-te¡p t]mIp-hm-\pÅ Hcp £Whp-ambn {ioaXn eqbnkv sseäv^q«v F¶ {]kn-²-bmb Bkvt{S-en-b³ \À¯In Fs¶ t_mws_-bn h¶p ImWp-I-bp-m-bn. kp{]-kn² tIc-fob \À¯-I-\mb B\-µ-in-h-dm-ansâ t\Xr-Xz-¯n Hcp \À¯-I-kw-Ls¯ AhÀ X¿m-dm-¡n-bn-«p-s¶pw AtXm-sSm¸w Fsâ t\Xr-Xz-¯n-epÅ If-cn-kw-L-s¯bpw tNÀ¯p-sIm-p-t]m-Ip-hm-\m-W-hÀ Dt±-in-¡p-¶-sX¶pw Ft¶mSp ]d-ªp. kntem¬ ImWp-h-m³ R§Ä¡p Hcp kµÀ`w In«p¶p F¶pÅXmbn-cp¶p B £Ww kzoI-cn-¡-phm³ R§sf t{]cn-¸n¨ {][m-\-kw-K-Xn.
A§ns\ t_mws_-bnÂh¨v eqbnkvsseäv^q«p-ambn Rms\mcp Icm-dn GÀs¸-Sp-Ibpw t_mws_-bnÂ\n¶p \m«n-te¡p aS-§p-Ibpw sNbvXp. A[n-I-\mÄ Ign-bp-¶-Xn-\p-ap³]p-Xs¶ If-cn-kw-L-t¯m-sSm¸w Rm³ a{Zm-Ên-te¡p Xncn¡p-Ibpw Ahn-sS-sh¨p B\-µ-in-h-dm-ansâ t\Xr-Xz-¯n-epÅ \À¯-I-kw-L-hp-ambn tbmPn¨p R-§Ä kntem-Wn-te¡p bm{X-bm-hp-Ibpw sNbvXp.
kntem-Wn BZy-ambn {]ZÀi\w \S-¶Xv Pm^v\-bn-em-bn-cp-¶p. AXn-\p-tijw sImfw-t_m, {Snt¦m-amen F¶o {]tZ-i-§-fnÂsh¨pw B\-µ-in-h-dm-an-sâ-bpw, ]mÀ«n-bp-tSbpw \r¯-I-em-{]-I-S-\-§-fpw, lnµp-Øm³ If-cn-kw-L-¯nsâ If-cn-b-`ym-k-{]-I-S-\-§fpw \S-¶p. R§-fpsS kntem¬ ]cy-S\w Iem-]-c-ambn Hcp ta· Bbn-cp-¶p-sh-¦nepw km¼-¯nI-ambn If-cn-kw-L-¯ns\ kw_-Ôn¨p henb sa¨-sam-¶p-am-bn-cp-¶n-Ã. Rm³ sImfw-_n-ep-m-bn-cp-¶-t¸mÄ Ahn-Sps¯ ae-bmfn kwL-S-\-IÄ Fs¶ Ht«sd {]kw-K-§Ä¡p £Wn-¨n-«p-v. As¶Ãmw Rms\mcp I½yq-WnÌp hncp-²-\m-bn-cp-¶p. kntem¬ ae-bmfn alm-P-\-k-`-bpsS B`n-ap-Jy-¯n sImfw-_nse {io \mcm-b-W-lm-fn {]kw-Kn-¡p-hm³ sN¶-t¸m-gmWp ae-bmfn alm-P-\-k-`-bpsS t\Xm-hpw, kntem-Wnse ae-bm-fn-I-fpsS Imc-W-h-cp-am-bn-cp¶ ]tc-X-\mb kn.-sI. Ipªn-cm-as\ Rm³ IXpw ]cn-N-b-s¸-«-Xpw. At±-l-¯nsâ kztZiw Xe-tÈ-cn- Xs¶ Bbn-cp-¶p. kntem-Wnse {]ap-J-cmb ]e cmjv{Sob t\Xm-¡-·m-scbpw ]cn-N-b-s¸-Sm³ F\n¡p B kµÀ`-¯n km[n-¨n-cp-¶p. kntem¬ ]-cy-S-\-¯n-\n-S-bnÂ
Pm^v\-bnÂ-\n¶pw R§Ä "It¦-i³Xpssc' F¶p t]cpÅ kntem-Wnsâ Gähpw hSt¡ Aä-¯pÅ ap\-¼n t]mbn-cp-¶p. Ahn-sS-\n¶p hS-t¡m-«p-t\m-¡n-bm cmta-izcw t£{X-¯nsâ tKm]pcw ImWp-hm³ Ign-bpw. C´y-bpw, kntemWpw X½n F{X-am{Xw ASp-¯mWp InS-¡p-¶-sX¶p At¸m-sf-\n¡p a\-Ên-em-bn.
sImfw-_n "auv ehn-\nb' F¶ Øe¯p R§Ä Ipd-¨p-\m-fp-IÄ Xma-kn-¨n-cp-¶p. Ahn-sS-\n¶p sImfw-_n-te¡p t]mIp¶ Xohn ISÂXo-c-¯p-Iq-sS- X-s¶-bmWp t]mIp-¶-Xv. sImf-¼n Rm\p-m-bn-cp-¶-t¸m-gmWv ]qÀ®-kzm-X-{´y-Zn\w R§sf kao-]n-¨-Xv. (P-\p-hcn 26) C´y-bn-em-sW-¦n Fhn-sS-sh-s¨-¦nepw AsXm-¶m-tLm-jn-¡mw. Nne-t¸mÄ ]qÀ®-kzm-X{´yZn\w sImm-Sn-b-Xnsâ t]cn AdÌp sN¿-s¸«p F¶p-h-cmw. F¶m kntem-Wn B Zn\-¯n\p {]tXyI {]m[m-\y-sam-¶p-an-Ã. F¶n-cp-¶mepw C¶p kntem¬ dn¸-»n¡v {]kn-Up Xma-kn-¡p¶ B sIm«m-c-¯n-\p-ap-¼nÂt]mbn Rm³ Ipsd-t\cw \n¡p-Ibpw Ahn-sS-sh¨v kzmX-{´y-Zn\ {]XnÚ FSp-¡p-Ibpw sNbvXp.
sImfw-_nÂ\n¶p Hcp cm{Xn apgp-h³ _Ên k©-cn-¨n-«mWp R-§Ä {Snt¦m-a-men-bn F¯n-b-Xv. kntem-Wnsâ Ing-¡³ Xoc-¯pÅ {]Ir-Xn-kpµc-amb Hcp Xpd-ap-J-amWv {Snt¦m-am-en. {Snt¦m-am-en-bnÂ\n¶v Ipd-¨p-Zqcw t]mbm Ggp-In-W-dp-I-fpÅ Hcp Øe-ap-v. Ggp-In-W-dp-I-fnÂ\n¶pw Hcp sXm«n-sIm-tm, ]m«-sImtm, shÅw tImcn-sb-Sp-¡p-hm³ \ap¡p km[n-¡pw. B InW-dp-IÄ¡pÅ Hcp {]tXy-IX Ahn-Sps¯ Ggp InW-dp-I-fnse shÅ-¯n\pw Ggp-Xcw NqSm-Wp-Å-sX-¶-Xm-Wv. H¶n Xnf-bv¡p¶ shÅ-am-sW-¦n atä-Xn shdpw ]¨-sh-Å-am-Wv. AXn-\n-S-bn-epÅ ]e sSw]-td-¨-dp-I-fn-ep-amWp _m¡n InW-dp-I-fn-epÅ shÅ-sa-Ãmw. Cu Ggp InW-dp-Ifpw Hcp henb apdn-bpsS am{Xw hnkvXm-c-apÅ Hcp Øe-¯m-Wp-Å-Xv. Ggp InW-änse shÅ-¯n-epw- Rm³ Ipfn-¨n-cp-¶p. cmh-W³ koXsb I«p--sIm-p-t]m-Ip-t¼mÄ koXbv¡p Ipfn-¡p-hm³thn \nÀ½n-¨-XmWv B InW-dp-I-sf¶p hniz-kn-¨n-cp-¶p. kntem¬ ]cy-S\w Ign-ªp R§Ä Xncn¨p C´ybnepw, ]ns¶ ae-_m-dn-ep-sa-¯n.
Ipsd-\m-fp-IÄ \m«n X§n-b-Xn-\p-tijw t_mws_-bn-te-¡p-Xs¶ hopw t]mIp-hm³ Hcp kµÀ`w-IqSn F\n¡p e`n-¨p. Fsâ Hcp kplr-¯pw, kl-{]-hÀ¯-I-\p-am-bn-cp¶ F.-hn. {ioI-WvT-s¸m-Xp-hmÄ "BK-Ìp-hn-¹hw' F¶ t]cn Hcp XpÅ¡hnX \nÀ-½n-¡p-I-bpw, XpÅ¡-Ym-hn-Z-Kv²\pw, kzmX-{´y-k-a-c-`-S-\p-am-bn-cp¶ ]n. Ipªn-¡-®-s]m-Xp-hmÄ AXp A`n-\-bn-¡p-Ibpw sNbvXn-cp-¶p. sI.-Fw.-sI., Fw.-sI. IrjvW³ F¶n-hcpw Iq«-¯n-ep-m-bn-cp-¶p. B Iem-kw-L-¯nsâ Hcp {]ZÀi\w ]q\-bn \S-¯p-hm-\pÅ Hcp £Ww F.-hn. {ioI-WvT-s]m-Xp-hm-fn\p In«n-bn-cp-¶p. At±lw B hnhcw Fs¶ Adn-bn-¡p-Ibpw R§Ä cp-t]cpw tbmPn-¨psImv t]mIm-sa-t¶Â¡p-Ibpw sNbvXp! AXn-\n-S-bn tke-¯n-\-Sp-¯pÅ ta«qÀUm-anse tIc-f-k-am-P-¡mcpw XpÅ {]ZÀi-\-¯n\v Bh-iy-s¸-«n-cp-¶p. B cp £W-§fpw kzoI-cn-¡p-hm-\pw, ]q\m-bnÂ\n¶p t_mws_-bn F¯n-t¨-cp-hm\pw AhnsS Ipsd {]ZÀi-\-§Ä GÀs¸-Sp-¯m-\p-am-bn-cp¶p R§Ä Dt±-in-¨n-cp-¶-Xv. A§s\ \m«nÂ\n¶p bm{X-Xn-cn¨ R-§Ä BZyw ta«qÀUm-anepw a{Zm-Ênepw AXn-¶p-tijw ]q\m-bnepw XpÅ {]ZÀi-\-§Ä \S-¯n. aq¶n-S-§-fnepw {]ZÀi-\-§Ä¡p-]p-dsa Fsâ {]kw-K-§fpw GÀ¸mSp sNbvXn-cp-¶p. ]q\-bn XpÅ {]ZÀi\w ImWp-hm³ h¶-h-cn Fsâ \m«p-Im-cpw, F\nbv¡p ]cn-Nn-X-am-bn-cp¶ Bfp-I-fp-ap-m-bn-cp-¶p. Ah-cn NneÀ ]q\-bnse Hcp Iem-kw-L-¯nsâ Iogn {]hÀ¯n-¡p-I-bp-am-bn-cp-¶p. Bh-iy-¯n-¶p-am{Xw Imip I¿n-em-b-t¸mÄ R§Ä ]q\-bnÂ-\n¶p t_mws_-bn-te¡v bm{X-Xn-cn-¨p. BK-Ìp-hn-¹-h-¯n-\p-tijw BZy-ambn t_mws_-bn tNcp¶ AJn-te´ym tIm¬-{K-Êp-I-½n-än-tbm-K-¯n ]s¦-Sp-¡Wsa¶pw R§Ä¡-Xn-bmb B{K-l-ap-m-bn-cp-¶p. AXn-\p-th-n-¡q-Sn-bmWv R§-f-t¸mÄ tIc-f-¯nÂ\n¶v t_mws_-bn-te¡p Xncn-¨-Xp-X-s¶. R§fpsS kwL-¯n-ep-m-bn-cp-¶-h-scÃmw kzmX{´y-k-a-c-`-S-·mcpw Pbn Pohn-I-fp-am-bn-cp-¶p. AXp-sIm-mWp t_mws_ tIm¬{KÊp -k-t½-f-\-¯n kw_-Ôn-¡p-hm³ R§-f-Xn-bmbn B{K-ln-¨n-cp-¶-Xv.
ap¶psImÃ-§Ä¡p-tijw H¶m-a-Xmbn G.-sF.-kn.-kn. kt½-fn-¨Xv t_mwt_-bn AtX Øe-¯p-X-s¶-bm-Wvþ sKmhm-en-bm-tS¦v ssaXm-\-¯nÂ. GsXmcp ssaXm-\-¯nÂsh¨p 1942 BKkvXv 8þ\v C´y-¡m-cpsS Ah-Im-i-{]-Jym-]-\-amb "Iznäv C´ym' {]tabw AJn-te´ym tIm¬{KÊv I½nän AwKo-I-cn-¨p-thm, AtX ssaXm-\-¯nÂsh-¨p-Xs¶ aq¶p-sIm-Ãs¯ "\nb-a-hn-cp-²Xz'¯n\ptijw tIm¬{KÊv I½nän hopw tbmKw tNÀ¶psh¶p-ÅXv bmZr-Ñn-I-amb Hcp kw`-h-hn-Im-k-am-bn-cp-¶n-Ã. "Iznäv C´ym' {]tabw BZy-ambn tKm-hm-en-bm-tS¦v ssaXm-\-¯nÂsh¨v shÅ-¡-S-em-Ên Idp¸v ajn-sIm-s-gp-Xn. BKkvXv 9þ\v tijw `mc-X-a-t§m-f-an-t§mfw kzmX-{´y-`-S-·mcpsS sNt©m-c-sImv P\-§-f-Xns\ ]IÀ¯n-sb-gp-Xn. B ]IÀs¯-gp-X-em-bn-cp¶p "BKkvXv hn¹hw' B hn¹-h-am-bn-cp¶p Cu F.-sF.-kn.-kn.bpsS ]Ým-¯-ew. Bbn-c-am-fp-IÄ Bbn-chpw AXn-te-sdbpw \mgn-I-IÄ k©-cn¨p AJn-te´ym tIm¬-{KÊv I½n-än-bpsS \S-]-Sn-IÄ tIÄ¡p-hm\pw ImWp-hm\pw t_mws_-bn F¯n-t¨À¶-Xn F´m-W-Ûp-X-s¸-Sp-hm-\p-ÅXv?
tZh-·mÀt]mepw AÛpXs¸-Sp¶ kzoI-c-W-amWv t_mws_-\-Kcw t\Xm-¡-·mÀ¡p \ÂIn-b-Xv. tIc-fob t\Xm-¡-·m-cpsS ]¦v t_mws_ tIc-fo-b-cnÂ\n¶v AhÀ¡pw In«n. IrX-Ú-Xm-\nÀ`-c-§-fmb At\-Im-bncw lrZ-b-§-fn H¶mbn Cc-¨p-s]m-§nb P\-tLm-j-§-fpsS {]Xn-[z-\n, C¯cw At\-Im-bncw kw`-h-§Ä Ip Xg-¼n¨ t_mws_-\-K-c-¯nsâ lr¯-S-¯nÂt]mepw ]pf-Iw-]q-in. \K-c-¯nsâ hnIm-cm-thiw Ign-bpw-hn-[-¯n-seÃmw AXpw {]I-Sn-¸n-¨p. \Kcw H¶p Idp-¯n-cpp. AhÄ Ic-bm³ XpS-§n. "Poh\p'Å Hcp \K-c-¯n¶p F§ns\ Ic-bm-Xn-cn-¡p-hm³ Ignbpw? [mc-ap-dn-bmsX I®p-\oÀ, ag-bmbn hÀ-jn-¨p. Fs´Ãmw ISpw-ssI-I-fmWv C¡-gnª aq¶p sImÃ-§Ä¡n-S-bn Cu \Kcw In-«p-Å-Xv. SobÀtK-kv, shSn-sh-¸v, \c-\m-bm-«v, s]m«n-s¯-dn-IÄ, kzX{-´-`m-c-X-¯nse Ncn-{X-Im-csâ ap¼n Xpd-¶p-Im-Wn-¡p-hm³ Fs´Ãmw cl-ky§-fmWv Xsâ lrZ-b-¡-e-h-d-bn AhÄ Hfn-¸n-¨p-sh-¨n-«p-Å-Xv. "s]mdp-¡p-hm\pw
ad-¡p-hm\pw' Acp-Xm¯ kw`-h-]-c-¼-c-I-fpsS Hcp \nÈ-_vZ-tLm-j-bm{X A¶m-W-hÄ \bn-¡p-I. t\Xm-¡-·m-cpsS BK-a-\-¯nÂ, aq¶p-sIm-Ãs¯ kvac-W-I-fpsS sImSpw-]n-cn-s¡m-Å-en AhÄ Ic-ªp-t]m-b-Xm-Wv.
"Iznän´ym' F¶ "Xo\mfw'
tZi-kzm-X-{´y-¯n-\p-thn sNt©mc sNmcnªv BßmÀ¸Ww sNbvX \qdm-bncw hocm-ßm-¡-fpsS NpS-e-¡-f-¯n-te¡p kzmX-{´y-hÓn {]Zm\w sNbvX "Xo\mf'amWv Iznän-´ym-{]-ta-bw. C´y³\m-j-W tIm¬{K--Ênsâ DÛ-h-Øm-\-amb tKmIpÂZmkv tXPv]mÄ amfn-Ibv-¡p-Ånse `{Z-Zo-]-¯nÂ\n¶pw sImfp-¯nb ]´w, ssIIÄ amdn-amdn "ss^kv]qÀ kt½-f\ \K-cn'sb Zo]{-]-tim-`n-X-am-¡n-b-Xp-t]mse tKmIpÂZmkv tXPv]mÄ lmfn\p ap¼n-epÅ sKmhm-en-bmSm¦v ssaXm-\-¯n 1942 BKkvXp 8þ-a-lm-ßPn sIm-fp¯nb "Xo\mf'amb Iznän´ym {]-tabw `mc-X-am-k-Iew kzm-X-{´ymán sImfp-¯n-b-tXm-sSm¸w C-´y-bm-Ip¶ acp-¶-dbv¡v Xo sImSp-¡p-Ibpw XpSÀ¶p-mb `bm-\-I-amb s]m«n-s¯-dn-bn {_n«o-jp-km-{am-Py-Xz-¯nsâ ASn¯d XI-cp¶ i_vZw \mw tIÄ¡p-Ibpw sNbvXp. alm-ßPn sImfp-¯nb B "Xo\m-f's¯ sISp-¯p-hm³ aq¶p-sIm-Ãs¯ `b-¦-chpw \nc-´-c-hp-amb sImSp-¦m-än-¶p-t]mepw km[n-¨n-sÃ-¶mWv Cu G.-sF.-kn.-kn. shfn-hm-¡n-b-Xv F¶p am{X-aà B sImSp-¦mäpsImv Iznän´ym F¶ "Xo\mfw' Izntä-jy-bmbn hep-Xm-bn-«p-v. Cu "Xo\mfw' Gjy-bnse acp-¶-dbv¡p XosIm-fp-¯p-¶-tXm-sSm¸w km{am-Py-Xz¯nsâ ih--Zm-lw-IqSn Ign-¡p-I-bn-sÃ-¶mÀ¡-dnbmw.
G.-sF.-kn.-kn. Bcw-`n¨ \mÄsXm«v Ah-km-\n-¡p¶Xphsc t_mws_ \K-c-¯n AXn-I-Tn-\-amb ag-bp-m-bn-cp-¶p. aq¶p-sIm-Ãs¯ \c-I-bm-X-\-I-tfmÀ¯p {]Ir-Xnbpw Ic-ª-Xm-hmw. ssaXm\w apgp-h³ ad-¨p-sIm-pÅ Hcp ]Sp-Iq-ä³ ]´-em-bn-cp¶p kt½-f\-Ø-ew. 30,000-¯n-e-[nIw Bfp-IÄ ]´-en-\-I¯pw AXnsâ \men-c«n {]th-i\w In«msX ]pd-¯pw, kt½-fn-¨n-cp-¶p. h¶pw t]mbpw-sIm-n-cp-¶-h-cpsS IW¡v CXn-¶p-]p-d-sa-bm-Wv. Sn¡äp In«p-hm³ km²y-a-Ãm-Xn-cp-¶-Xp-sImv Hcp Sn¡-äp-sImv ]e-{]m-h-iy-ambn ]Xn-\©pw Ccp-]Xpw Bfp-IÄ Hmtcm Ipdn-bmbn kt½-f-\-¸-´-en Ib-dp-Ibpw Cd-§p-Ibpw sNbvXn-«p-v. apt«mfw Nfn-bnÂ, tXmcm¯ ag-
b¯p Bbn-c-¡-W-¡n\p B_m-e-hr²w kv{Xo]p-cp-j-·mÀ ]´-en-¶p-]p-d¯p D¨-`m-jn-Wn-bnÂIqSn t\Xm-¡-·m-cp-sS i_vZw tIÄ¡p-hm³ sNhnh«w ]nSn-¨n-cp¶ ImgvN ImtW-Xp Rm\-Ã, NÀ-¨n-epw, Aa-dnbpw, thdepw, Bävenbpw Bbn-cp-¶p. Sn¡-äp-I-fp-m-bmÂX-s¶bpw apt«mfw Nfn-bn \o´p-hm³ Hcp-¡-an-Ãm-¯-hÀ¡v ]´-en {]th-i\w km²y-a-Ãm-bn-cp-¶p. kzmX-{´y-tkm-]m-\-¯n-te-¡pÅ hgn ]«p-sa-¯bn¡q-Sn-bm-sW¶p Icp-Xp-¶-hsc B tIm¬-{KÊv \K-c-¯nse Nfn Ipd-s¨m¶¼-c-¸n-¡p-Ibpw Nne-sXÃmw HmÀ½n-¸n-¡p-Ibpw sNbvXn-cn-¡-Ww.
Ncn{Xw
sKmhm-fn-bm -Sm-¦n-t\-¡mÄ hepXpw kuI-cy-{]-Z-hp-amb ssaXm-\-§Ä t_mws_-bn-en-Ãm-¯-Xp-sIm--Ã, kt½-f\w Ahn-sSsh-¨p \S-¯n-b-Xv. sKmhm-fn-bm-Sm-¦nsâ ]n¶n Hcp Ncn-{X-ap-v.. 1941 BKÌv 8þmw\p BWv B Ncn-{Xw. ]s£ B Ncn-{X-¯n-\p-]n-¶nepw asämcp Nc{Xw Dv. AXmWv 1942 BK-Ìn G.-sF.-kn.-kn. AhnsS tNcp-hm-\n-Sbm-¡n-b-Xv. tIm¬{K-Ênsâ Cuän-Ã-am-WtÃm t_mws_. BZy-ambn tIm¬{KÊv ]nd-hn-sb-Sp-¯Xv 60 sImÃ-§Ä¡p-ap¼v B ssaXm-\-¯n\p sXm«p-In-S-¡p¶ tKmIpÂZmkv tX-Pv]m lmfnÂsh-¨m-Wv.
tIm¬-{Kkv \KÀ
sk]vXw-_À 21-þmw\p t_mws_-\-Kcw DÕm-l-¯-Å-en Duªm-em-Sp-I-bm-bn-cp-¶p. FÃm \nc-¯p-Ifpw tdman-te¡p hgn-Im-Wn-¡p¶p F¶ sNmÃns\ A\p-kva-cn-¸n-¨p-sImv FÃm hgn-Ifpw tKmhmen-bmb Sm¦n sN¶-h-km-\n-¡p-¶-Xp-t]mse tXm¶n. {SmwIm-dp-I-fpw, _Êp-Ifpw tIm¬{KÊv \K-c-¯nÂ\n¶v Ipsd -hmc AI-se-sh-¨p-Xs¶ Hgn-bp-¶p. hml-\-§Ä¡p \o§p-hm³ ]gp-Xn-Ãm-Xn-cp-¶-Xp-sImv sKmhm-fn-bm-Sm-¦n\v Npäp-]m-Sp-apÅ KXm-KXw ]msS XS-b-s¸-«p. Bfp-I-fpsS Xnc-¡n Hcp ^Àtem§v Hcp \mgn-I-bmbn tXm¶n. Hcp hmc apt¶m«p \o§p-hm³ \mep-hmc ]nt¶m«v \ot§-n-h¶ kµÀ`-§Ä ]eÀ¡pw A\p-`-h-s¸-«n-«p-v. H¶c ^Àtem§v Zqcw Nfn-bnepw ag-bnepw P\-{]-hm-l-¯nepw Hgp-In-s¡m-p-h¶ Hcp a\p-jy-a-lm-k-ap{Zw ]´-en-\p-Ån ]Xp-§n-bn-cn-¡p-¶p-m-bn-cp-¶p. IrXyw aq¶p-a-Wn¡v t\Xm-¡-·mÀ {]Xy-£-s¸-«p. kap-{Z-¯n tImfn-
f-¡-ap-m-¡p-hm³ asäm¶pw Bh-iy-ap-m-bn-cp-¶n-Ã. "ss_t«m', "_skm', "D¡m-dpt-t¦m, "knävsUu¬' hnfn-IÄ \m\m-`m-j-I-fn-embn \m\m-`m-K-§-fn-Â\n¶pw s]m§n-h-¶p. t\Xm-¡-·msc ImWp-hm³ Fgp-t¶-äp-\n¶ A£-a-cpsS {]hr-¯n-bn {]Xn-tj-[n¨psImp-Å, \nÀ`m-Ky-hm-·m-cmb "]n³_©'·mcnÂ\n¶pw s]m§n-h-¶-h-bm-W-h.
BkmZv
BkmZv A²y-£-Øm-\-¯n-cp-¶p. A²y-£-\mb Bkm-Zns\ I-t¸mÄ At±lw tIm¬{K-Ê-²y-£-\-Ã, _m_À, AIv_À, Plmw-KoÀ, jmP-lm³ ]c-¼-c-bnÂs-]« GtXm Hcp apKÄ N{I-hÀ¯n-bm-sW-¶mWv F\n¡p tXm¶n-b-Xv. apKÄN-{I-hÀ¯n-amÀ lp¡m-h-en-¡m-dp-m-bn-cp-¶p-sh¶v Rm³ tI«n-«p-v. BkmZv lp¡ hen¨nÃ; ]I-cw, knK-cäv B hmÀ²-Iyw _m[n¨ -Np-p-I-fn AaÀ¯n-h-en-¡p-¶p-m-bn-cp-¶p.
tbmK \S-]-Sn-IÄ B-cw-`n-¨-tXm-sSm¸w ]´-en Fs´-¶n-Ãm¯ Hcp _l-fw. ap¼n-en-cp-¶-h-scÃmw ]nt¶m«p Xncn-ªp-t\m-¡p-¶p. ]n¶n \n¶mWv _l-fw. D¨-`m-jnWn {]hÀ¯n-¡p-¶n-Ã. Hcp cmjv{S-¯nsâ IqSn-bm-tem-N-\-Isf Hcp "`mjn-¡m¯' "D¨-`m-jnWn' XSªp \nÀ¯p-¶p. BkmZv Xsâ i_vZw tIÄ¡p-¶-h-cpsS ssIsb®n thms«-Sp¸v \S-¯n. B alm-k-ap-{Z-¯nÂ\n¶v hfsc Npcp¡w ssIIÄ am{Xw DbÀ¶p ImW-s¸-«p. \S-]-Sn-IÄ XpSÀ¶p-t]m-Ip-hm³ \nÀÆm-l-an-Ã. ]ÞnXv PhlÀemepw, kÀZmÀ ]t«epw Bfp-I-tfm-S-\-§m-Xn-cn-¡p-hm³ BwKy-§ÄsImpw hm¡p-IÄsImpw At]-£n-¨p. BNm-cy-Ir-]-em-\n, `c-W-kw-L-S-\m-kw-_-Ôn-I-fmb {]ta-b-§Ä Ah-X-cn-¸n-¡p-hm³ Bcw-`n-¨p. Bfp-I-fpsS Ak-ln-jvWp-Xsb Ati-jhpw Iq«m-¡msX At±lw Xsâ IÀ¯hyw \nd-th-dn.
ic-XvN-{µsâ BK-a\w
BZy-Zn-h-ks¯ kw`-h-§-fn Akm-[m-c-Whpw Bth-i-I-c-hp-am-bXp ic-XvN-{µsâ BK-a-\-am-bn-cp-¶p. Ip¶q-dnse XS-§-enÂ\n¶p hnap-à-\mb DSs\ I¡-¯-bn F¯n GXm\pw aWn-¡q-dp-IÄ-am{Xw kzKr-l-¯n IpSpw-_mw-K-§-fpsS CS-bn Ign-¨v, G.-sF.-kn.-kn. bn kw_-Ôn-¡p-hm³ t_mws_-bn-te¡v HmSn-¡n-X-¨p-sIm-
p-h-cp-¶-h-c-hm-bn-cp¶p AXv. B hc-hn-s\-bmWv Bfp-I-sfÃmw tkmÂIWvTw {]Xo-£n¨psImn-cn-¡p-¶-Xv. ic-XvN-{µ-_m_p ]´-en-te¡p {]th-in-¨p. tIm¬-{KÊv \K-cn-bnse ]´-en ]Xp-§n-bn-cp¶ C´y³ cmjv{So-bm-´-co-£-¯n AsXmcp ic-XvN-t{µm-Zbw Xs¶-bm-bn-cp-¶p. Phm-lÀem NmSn-sb-Woäv ic-XvN-{µs\ sI«n-¸n-Sn-¨p. B Nm«w l\p-am³ kqcys\ ]nSn-¡p-hm³ NmSnb Nm«w-t]mse BIm-Xn-cp-¶m aXn-bm-bn-cp-¶p. Nnbm-§v-þ-ssI-tj¡v CS-bn IS¶p ASp-t¡--hsc AI-äptam? G.-sF.-kn.-kn.bnse Gähpw lrZ-b-kv]Àin-bmb ImgvN ic-XvN-{µ-t_m-kn\v kÀZmÀ ]t«Â sImSp¯ kzoI-c-W-am-bn-cp-¶p. C´y³c-mjv{Sob h\-`q-hnse Icn-¼md Ic-ªp-sIm-Xm ic-XvN-{µ-t\m-S-Sp-¡p-¶p. tImS-Xn-bnÂ-sh¨v tIkv hmZn-¨p-sIm-n-cn-¡p-t¼mÄ, {]nb-]Xv\n Ime-KXn {]m]n-¨p-sh-¶-dn-bn-¡p¶ I¼n In«n-bXv Ioi-bn-en-«v, bmsXm¶pw kw`-hn-¨n-«n-sö a«n tIkv XpSÀ¶ inem-lr-Z-b-\mb B ]gb _mcn-ÌÀ¡pw I®p-\otcm? ic-XvN-{µsâ I®nepw I®oÀ \nd-bp-¶p. I®o-scm-gp-¡-en ]mdbpw N{µ\pw aÕ-cn-¡p-I-bm-Wv. ]md-bp-bÀ¶p N{µ-t\mfw hep-Xm-Ip-I-tbm. N{µ³ XmWp ]md-tbm-sSm¸w \n¡p-Itbm F´m-Wp-m-b-sX¶p F\n¡v XoÀ¯p-]-d-bm³ h¿. kÀ-ZmÀ hÃ-`-`mbpw _m_p-i-c-XvN-{µ\pw amtdm-Sp-am-dp-ckn sI«n-¸p-WÀ¶p. cp-t]-cpsS I®p-I-fnÂ\n¶pw I®p-\oÀ IpSp-IpsS {]h-ln-¡p-¶p. t{]£-I-a-lm-k-ap-{Z-¯n-e-t§m-f-an-t§mfw Hcp ]pf-I-¸p-f-¸nsâ Ae-b-Sn. B ImgvN ]nSn-s¨-Sp-¡p-hm³, izmiz-Xo-I-cn-¡p-hm³ Iyma-d-IÄ I¬an-gn-¡p¶p; kn\n-a-¡m-cpsS sshZyp-tXm-]-I-c-W-§Ä cwK-¯n-te¡p shfn¨w hmcn-sb-dn-bp-¶p. sI«n-¸p-W-c-en cp-t]cpw Ht«sd \nan-j-§Ä aXn-a-d-¶n-cn-¡-Ww. B B-enw-K-\-¯n-sâbpw I®oÀ {]hml-§-fp-sSbpw ]n¶nÂ\n¶v Fs´Ãmw kw`-h-§-fmWv F¯n-t\m-¡p-¶-Xv. hn¯Â`mbn ]t«-ensâ Hky-¯vþ hÃ-`m-bn-]-t«Â A\ym-b¡m-c³-þ-kp-`mjv N{µ-t_mkv {]Xn-þ-kp-`m-jnsâ `mKw h¡o-e-·mÀ ic-XvN-{´-t_mkpw \cn-am-\pw-þ-h-Ã-`m-bn-bpsS `mK¯v `qem-`mbv tZimbv hn[n hÃ-`m-bn-¡-\p-IqewþXr]p-cn-k-t½-f\wþA²y -£sâ Xnc-sª-Sp¸vþ Xnc-sª-Sp-¡-s¸« A²y-£³ kp`mjv N{µ-t_mkvþic-XvN-{µ\pw kp`mjpw Hgn-¨v, Ph-lmÀem DÄs¸sS {]hÀ¯-I-I-½-nän-bw-K-§-fpsS cmPn-þ-kp-`m-jnsâ tcmKw Bkm-Znsâ B²y£ywþt^mÀthUv t»m¡vþ]t«-en-s\-¡p-dn-¨pÅ kp`m-jnsâ
Ipäm-tcm-]-W-§Ä þ kp`m-jnsâ Xntcm-[m\wþC-´y³ \mj-W BÀan þ kp`m-jvt_mkv A´-cn-¨p-sh-¶pÅ dnt¸mÀ«v þ kp`m-jn-s\-¡p-dn-¨pÅ kÀZm-dnsâ ]{X-{]-kvXm-h-\-þ-i-c-XvN-{µsâ hntam-N-\w-þ-_Àt`m-fn-bpsS kÀZmÀ, C´y-bpsS kÀ-Zm-dm-sW-¶pÅ At±-l-¯nsâ ]{X-{]-kvXm-h-\. Cu kw`-h-§-sfÃmw kt½-f-\-]-´-en k¶n-ln-X-cm-bn-cp¶ Hmtcm-cp-¯-cp-sSbpw lrZ-b-§-fnÂIqSn shÅn-¯n-c-bn Ne-Nn-{X-§-sf-¶-t]mse IS-¶p-t]m-bn-cn-¡-Ww. A²y-£-Øm-\-¯n-cn-¡p¶ BkmZv F´p-sN-¿-W-sa-¶-dn-bmsX A¼-c-¡p-I-bm-Wv. XÃpw ]nSnbpw Ignª tPyjvTm-\p-P-·mÀ tbmPn-¸n-se-¯p-t¼mÄ Hcp ]nXm-hn-\p-m-Ip¶ hnIm-c-§-ftà B hµy-h-tbm-[n-Isâ apJ¯v kv^pcn-¡p-¶Xv? AsXm¶p \Ã-t]mse ImWp-hm³ apJw ad-¡p¶ \miw]n-Sn¨ B "ssa¡v' k½-Xn-¡p-¶p-an-Ã. Xd-hm-«nÂ\n¶p ]nW-§n-t¸mb Hcp aIsâ Xncn-¨p-h-c-hn Hc-½-¡p-m-Ip¶ B\µt¯mSp-IqSn ktcm-Pn-\n-tZhn ic-XvN-{µsâ ]pdw-X-tem-Sp-I-bm-Wv. Xd-hm-«n Imc-W-hÀam{Xw B ImgvN ImWp-hm³ AhnsS CÃ. GsXm-cm-fpsS km¶n²yw G.-sF.-kn.-kn.-bpsS GI-amb Ipdhv ]cn-l-cn-¡p-am-bn-cp-¶pthm B BÄ, G.-sF.-kn.-kn.-¡p-thn t_mws_-bn F¯n-t¨À¶p-sh-¦n-epw sNdnb Hcp Pzc-_m-[-Im-c-Ww _nÀf-lu-kn hn{i-an-¡p-I-bm-Wv. ic-XvN-{µsâ ]p\-cm-K-a-\-a-tlm-Õ-h-¯n\v alm-ß-Pn-IqSn Dm-bn-cp-¶p-sh-¦nÂ!
Ph-lÀ
BKÌv hn¹-h-s¯-¡p-dn-¨pÅ BZys¯ {]tabw Ah-X-cn-¸n-¡p-hm³ Ph--lÀ Fgp-t¶-äp. Xsâ ap¼n Ae-b-Sn-¨n-c-¼nb kap{Zw {]im-´-X-bn AaÀ¶p. Ph-lÀ {]kw-Kn-¡p-hm³ Bcw-`n-¨p. "D¨-`m-jnWn' hopw ]än-¨p. {]kwKw tIÄ¡p-hm³ Ign-bm¯ Bfp-I-fpsS CS-bnÂ\n¶p Akz-Ø-X-IÄ Xe-bp-bÀ¯n-¯p-S-§n. BKÌv ka-c-s¯-¡p-dn-¨pÅ Ph-l-dnsâ {]kwKw tIÄ¡msX t]mIp-I-bm-sW-¦n Imb-t¢-ihpw [\-\-jvShpw kln¨v \mSnsâ \m\m-`m-K-§-fnÂ\n¶pw h¶p-tNÀ¶n-«pÅ \nc-h-[n-bm-fp-IÄ¡p AsX-s´mcp \ncm-i-bm-bn-cn-¡pw. Ph-l-dn¶v Imcyw a\-Ên-em-bn. auem-\bpw kÀZm-dp-ambn At±lw sNdn-sbmcp kzIm-cy-kw-`m-jWw \S-¯n. G.-sF.-kn.-kn. tbmKw ]ntä-Zn-h-k-t¯¡p \nÀ¯n-sh-¨p. \ncmi Icn-]n-Sn-¸n¨ apJ-§-tfmsS Nnecpw \msf "euUvkv]o-¡À' icn-s¸-Sp-sa¶ Bi
shÅ-]q-inb apJ-§-tfmsS ]ecpw ]pd-¯n-d-§n. hnhn[ tdmUp-IÄ a\p-jy-{]-hm-l-¯n ebn¨v Hgp-In-¯p-S-§n. D¨-`m-jnWn {]hÀ¯n-¡m-Xn-cp-¶Xv "Xpc-¸³' ]Wn-bpsS ^e-am-bn-cp-¶p-sh¶p ]n¶oSv sXfn-ªp. \mep-Zn-¡n I¼n-ap-dn-¨Xv Ph-lÀemÂXs¶ IXmsW¶v At±lw ]ntä-Zn-hkw ]d-ªp. I¼n-ap-dn-¨Xp I½yq-Wn-Ìp-I-f-söp Ah-cpw, BsW¶p I½yq-Wn-Ìp-I-f-Ãm-¯-h-cn Nnecpw hniz-kn-¡p-¶p.
I¼n-apdn Bcp-sSbpw Ip¯Isbm¶p-a-Ã-tÃm. "kzbw \nÀ®-bm-h-Imiw' Ipd-s¨Ãmw AXnepw Bbn-¡qsS? I½yqWn-Ìmb tUm: Bjvdm-^nsâ {]kw-K-¯n\v apdn-b-s¸-Sm¯ I¼n-IÄ kPo-h-§-fmbn {]hÀ¯n-¨n-cp-¶p. ]s£ ^e-sa´v? D¨-¯n-epÅ BÀ¸p-hn-fn-IÄ tI«v D¨-`m-jn-Wn-t]mepw eÖn-¨p-t]m-bn. tUm: Bjvdm^v I½yq-Wn-Ìm-sW¶v ]n¶n-ep-Å-hÀ¡v a\-Ên-em-¡p-hm³ At±-l-¯nsâ {]kwKw Ipd-¨p-an-\n«v tI«n-cn-t¡-n-h-¶p. AXp a\-Ên-em-Ip-¶-Xp-hsc am{Xta Ah¡v D¨-`m-jn-Wn-bpsS klmbw thn-h-¶p-Åq. ]n¶o-Sp-mbXv D¨-`m-jn-Wnbpw BÄIq-«hpw H¯p-tNÀ¶pÅ Nqfw-hn-fn-bm-bn-cp-¶p. X§-fpsS \mSp-I-fnse "Ip«n-tPm-jn-amÀ' X§-fpsS kz´-sa¶ \ne-bn X«n-hn-Sm-dpÅ B A`n-{]m-b-§fpw "Xnbdn'Ifpw Xs¶-bmWv At±-l-¯nsâ apJ-¯p-\n¶pw ]pd-s¸-Sp-¶-sX¶pw a\-Ên-em-tI Xma-kta Dm-bn-cp-¶p-Åq. Bfp-IÄ¡v At±lw I½yq-WnÌmsW¶pw, tUm: Bjvd-m^m-sW¶pw a\-Ên-em-Ip-hm³. I½yq-WnÌv kz\-{K-ml-nb{´w "lnkvam-tÌÀkv thmbnkv' BsW¶v ]cn-N-bw-sImv a\-Ên-em-¡n-bn-«p-Å-h-cm-bn-cp¶p AhÀ. AhÀ¡n\n At±-l-¯nsâ {]kwKw tIÄt¡-. BÀ¸p-hnfn Ah-K-Wn¨p Bjvdm-^v {]kwKw XpS-cp-hm³ ]cn-{i-an-¡p-I-bm-Wv. At±-l-¯nsâ i_vZw At±-l-¯n-\p-Xs¶ tIÄ¡m³ Ign-bm-¯-hn[w i_vZ-tIm-em-lew A[n-I-cn-¡p-I-bm-Wv. Bjvdm^v AS-§p-¶n-Ã. BÄ¡m-scm-«-S-§p-hm³ `mh-hp-an-Ã.
A²y-£³ BkmZv Ipg-§n. tUm: Bjvdm^v G.-sF.-kn.-kn. AwK-am-sW-¶pw, At±-l-¯n¶v ]dbp-hm-\p-ÅXv ]d-bphm³ At±-ls¯ A\p-h-Zn-¡-W-sa¶pw BkmZv A`yÀ°n-¨p. _l-f-¯n-\n-S-bn Bkm-Znsâ A`yÀ°-\-bptm Bcp-sS--sb-¦nepw ImXp-I-fnÂs¸-Sp¶p? C\n s]«mÂX-s¶, Hcp Ipdn A²y-£sâ At]-£sb
A\m-Z-cn-¡p-hm³ X§Ä¡-[n-Im-c-ap-s-¶p-tXm-¶pw kZ-ky-cn Hcp henb hn`m-K-¯nsâ \ne-I-mÂ. A²y-£³ Bkm-Z-Ã, Ah-cmWv; Hcp hyàn-bÃ, kap-Zm-b-am-Wv F¶p tXm¶n-¸n¡pw a«n-em-bn-cp¶p tUm: Bjvdm^v {]kwKw \nÀ¯p-hm³ \nÀº-Ôn-X-\m-Ip-¶--Xp-hsc Ah-cpsS \ne.
Npp-IÄ A\-§p-¶-Xp-sImpw A´-co-£-t¯mSv apjvSn-bp²w sN¿p-¶p-m-bn-cp-¶-Xp-sImpw Bjvdm^v {]kwKw \nÀ¯n-bn-«n-söp a\-Ên-em-¡m-am-bn-cp-¶p. tUm: Bjvdm-s^, A§p-ambn Fs´Ãmw A`n-{]m-b-hy-Xym-k-§-fp-m-bn-cp-¶mepw A§-bpsS "Din-cnsâ' ap¼n-enXm Hcp Iq¸pssI! tUm: Bjvdm-^n-\p-mb A\p-`hw asäm-cmÄ¡p-mbn¡mWphm³, At±lw Fsâ ]c-a-hn-tcm-[n-bm-bmÂt]m-epw, Rm\-`n-e-jn-¡p-I-bn-Ã.
Bjvdm-^nsâ {]kwKw \S--¶p-sIm-n-cn-¡p-t¼mÄ F\n¡v Hcm-sf-¡p-dn¨v \s¶ `b-ap-m-bn-cp-¶p. {Xniq-e-[m-cn-bmb tIZmÀ\mYv Bcy-sb. At±lw lnam-e-b-{]m-´-§-fnÂ\n-s¶-hn-sS-\nt¶m BWv hcp-¶-Xv. Bjvdm-^nsâ {]`m-j-W-¯n-¶m-Zy-ambn {]Xn-tj[w apg-¡n-bXv At±-l-am-bn-cp-¶p. P\-Io-blnX-¯n-s\-Xn-cmbn B P\-Io-b-bp-²-¡m-c³ {]kwKw XpS-cp-¶-Xn-\n-Sbv¡v Hcm-tdgvh«w Xsâ Iqä³ shÅn-{Xn-iqew I¿n-te´n AJÞ lnµp-Øm-\n-bmb Bcy Fgp-t¶-äp-\n-¶n-cp-¶p. ]m¡n-Øm³ A\p-h-Zn-t¡--Xn-s\-¡p-dn-¨mWv Bjvdm^v {]kw-Kn-¡p-¶-Xv. Bcybpw Bjvdm-^n-s\-t¸mse AJn-te´ym tIm¬{KÊv I½n-än-bnse Hcw-K-am-Wv. Hs¶m-c-JÞ lnµp-Øm-\n, atä-sXmcp ]m¡n-Øm-\n. Bcy-bpsS Ccn-¸-Shpw Bjvdm-^nsâ \nÂ]n-Shpw X½n-epÅ A´cw Bcy-bpsS I¿n-epÅ {Xniq-e-¯nsâ \ofw-am{Xw; t]msc ]qcw! Bcysb ASp-¯n-cp-¶-hÀ ]nSn-¨n-cp-¯p-¶p.- B-jvdm-^nsâ "kabw Ign-ªp-t]m-sb¶v' A²y-£³ aWn-ap«n Adn-bn-¡p-¶p. Bjvdm^v AS-§p-hm-\pÅ `mh-an-Ã. BkmZv _ew-{]-tbm-Kn¨v Bjvdm-^ns\ ]nSn¨p ]pd-¯m-¡n-sb¶p ]d-bp-¶Xv A]-am-\-I-c-am-Iptam F¶p `b-s¸-Sp-¶-Xp-sImv, Bjvdm-^nsâ ico-c-¯n A²y-£³ ssIsh¨p s]mbvs¡m-Åp-hm-\m-Úm-]n-¨-X-\p -k-cn¨v At±lw Øew-hn-«p-sh-¶p-]-d-ªm Bjvdm-^ns\ Rm³ Cu hmN-Iw-sImv _lp-am-\n-¡p-I-bmWv sNbvXn-«p-Å-sX¶p \n§Ä a\-Ên-em-¡-Ww.
]Þn-ävPn-bpsS ]o¸vÄkv hmÀ
C´y-bn-semcp ]o¸vÄkvhmdp-m-bncp-¶p-sh¶p ]Þnäv Ph-lÀem s\lvdp Xpd¶p k½-Xn-¨p. I½yq-Wn-Ìp-IÄ sNhn-h«w ]nSn-¡p-¶ptm? X§-fpsS s]mfn-ªp-X-IÀ¶ ]o¸vÄkvhmÀ kn²m´w ]ÞnävPn icn-sh-¡p-¶p-sh¶p Icp-Xp-¶ptm? "Ph-lÀem Nn´n-¡s«' F¶p X§Ä ae-bm-f-¯n Fgp-Xn-b-Xnsâ ^e-ambn Ph-lÀem Nn´n-¨-t¸mÄ X§-fpsS he-bn hoWp-sh¶p hnNm-cn-¡p-¶ptm? C´y³P-\-Xsb kw_-Ôn¨v Ph-l-À-em ImWp¶ "]o¸vÄkv-hmÀ' (P-\-Iob bp²w) BKÌp hn¹-h-am-Wv. I½yq-Wn-Ìp-I-fpsS `mj-bn AhÀ ]d-bm-dpÅ "A©mw]¯n-k-acw' C´ysb kw_-Ôn-¨n-S-t¯mfw BKÌv hn¹hw XnI¨pw Hcp P\-Io-b-bp-²-am-bn-cp-¶p-sh-¶pw, AÃmsX asämcp bp²hpw P\-Io-b-am-bn-cp-¶n-sÃ-¶pw, ]ÞnävPn Bth-i-`-cn-X-\m-bn, kZ-Ên tImcn-¯-cn¸v tImcn-]-IÀ¶p-sImv BKÌv ka-c-s¯-¡p-dn-¨pÅ {]ta-bm-h-X-c-Wm-h-k-c-¯n {]Jym-]n-¨p. ]ÞnävPn-bpsS apJ-`mhw {]kw-K-¯n-\n-S-bn hnhn[ hnIm-c-§Ä¡-Sn-s¸«v "kqcy-civan XShpw ]fp-¦p-t]mÂ' hnhn[- hÀ®-§Ä ssIsIm-Åp¶ ImgvN ImtW--Xp-X-s¶-bm-bn-cp-¶p. tUm: Bjvdm-^n\pw anbm³ C^vSn-¡-dp-±o¶pw adp-]Sn ]d-bp¶ kabw ]Þn-ävPn-bpsS apJ-¯p-m-bn-cp¶ Kuchw B apJ¯p km[m-cW ]Xn-hn-Ãm-¯-Xm-bn-cp-¶p. tIm¬{K-Ê-²y-£s\ eoKv, A²y-£-\-]-am-\n-¨Xv X\n-s¡m-cn-¡epw kln--¡m-h-X-söpw apÉow-I-sf-b-ÃmsX apÉow eoKns\ C\n tIm¬{KÊv kao-]n-¡p-¶-X-söpw At±lw XoÀ¯p-]-d-ªp.
kÀZmÀ
kÀZmÀ hÃ-`-`m-bn-bpsS {]kw-K-§Ä \n¶-\nÂ]n \n-¶-\-§msX \mep-`m-K-t¯¡pw sXmSp-¯p-hn« \nc--h[n ic-k-©-b-§-fm-bn-cp-¶p. BÀs¡-Ãm-amWv Ah sIm-sX-¶pw, Bsc-Ãm-amWv \new-]-Xn-¨-sX¶pw Ncn{Xw sXfn-bn-t¡-p¶ Imcy-§-fm-bn-cn-¡pw. {_n«ojp Kh¬sa³-dn\pw en³en-¯vtKm-{]-`p-hn\pw, apÉow-eo-Kn-\pw, anbm³ C^vSn-¡À-±o-¶pw, C´y³ I½yqWn-Ìp-IÄ¡pw, tUm: Bjvdm-^n\pw Ah-bn NneXv t\-cn«v sIm--n-«p-v. anbm³ C^vSn-¡À±o³ C{X-s]-s«¶v eoKn tNcp-hm-\pÅ Imc-W-§-fn-sem¶v kÀZm-dnsâ
{]kw-K-am-bn-¡q-sS-¶n-Ã. kÀ-Zm-dnsâ {]kw-K-¯n-\p-tijw Bßm-`n-am-\-¯nsâ IWnI C^v--Sn-¡-dp-±o-\n Ah-ti-jn-¨n-«p-s-¦n At±-l-¯n\v Bß-h©\ sN¿msX eoKn tNcp-Itbm Bß-lXy hcn-¡p-I-tbm, AÃmsX KXy-´-c-ap-m-bn-cp-¶n-Ã. "BKÌv hn¹-hs¯ Hcm-ß-c-£m-k-a-c-am-bn-«mWv kÀZmÀ I-Xv. Xsâ \m«p-Im-cpsS iàn-bpw, Ign-hpw, XymK-hpw, kln-jvWp-Xbpw shfn-s¸-Sp-¯p-hm³ BKÌv hn¹hw klm-bn-¨n-«p-s-¶-Xn kÀZmÀ A`n-am-\w-sIm-p.
kt½-f\w Ign-ª-Xn-\p-tijw GXm\pw Znh-k-§Ä XpÅ {]ZÀi-\-§-fp-ambn R-§Ä t_mws_-bn Ign-¨p-Iq-«n. AXn-\p-tijw XpÅÂ]mÀ-«nsb Xncn¨p \m«n-te¡v Ab-¡p-Ibpw Rm³ DtZym-K-\m-bm-«n-\p-thn t_mws_-bn X§p-Ibpw sNbvXp. Fsâ Hcp kpl-r¯pw kl-]m-Tn-bp-am-bn-cp¶ sI.-]n. {io[-c³ A¶p t_mws_-bn Hcp-tZym-K-Ø-\m-bn-¡-gn-bp-I-bm-bn-cp-¶p. At±-l-¯nsâ-IqsS Rm³ Xmakw XpS-§n. BZyw In«nb tPmen Hcp hm²ym-cp-tS-Xm-bn-cp-¶p. tUm{Kn-bn-epÅ Hcp KpP-dm¯n apÉow sslkvIq-fn IW¡p ]Tn-¸n-¡p-hm-\pÅ hm²ym-cm-bn-«mWp Rm³ tPmen-bn {]thin-¨-Xv. AXn-\p-ap³]p ]Tn-¸n-¨n-cp¶ hm²ymÀ Ah-[n-bn-em-bn-cp-¶-Xp-sImmWv F\n-¡m-tPmen In«n-b-Xv. \me-©p-am-k-§Ä tPmen-sNbvX tijw B hm²ymÀ Xncn-¨p-h-¶-t¸mÄ F\nbv¡p tPmen-bnÂ\n¶p ]ncn-tb--Xm-bn-h-¶p.
t_mws_-bn tIcf bq¯v tIm¬{KÊv
t_mws_-bnse cmjv{Sob kmaq-lnI {]hÀ¯-\-§-fp-ambn A¡m-e¯v Rm³ _Ô-s¸-«p. tIcf bq¯v tIm¬{KÊv F¶ t]cn Hcp cmjv{Sob kwL-S\ At¸mÄ AhnsS {]hÀ¯n-¨p-sIm-n-cp-¶p. {][m-\-ambpw I½yq-WnÌp hncp-²-cmb ae-bm-fn-I-fpsS Hcp kwL-S-\-bm-bn-cp¶p AXv. t]msc-¦n BKÌp hn¹-h-¯nsâ Hcp k´-Xn-bp-am-bn-cp¶p tIcf bq¯v tIm¬{K-Êv. ]n¶oSv t_mws_-bn tab-dm-bn-XoÀ¶ Fw. am[-hsâ t\Xr-Xz-¯n-ep-m-bn-cp¶ bq¯v tIm¬{K-Ênsâ {]kn-U-mbn Rm³ Xnc-sª-Sp-¡-s¸-«p. sk{I-«-dn-bm-bn-cp-¶Xp ap³ Fw.-FÂ.-F.bpw I®qÀ PnÃm tIm¬{KÊp I½nän {]kn--U-p-am-bn-cp¶ ]n. tKm]m-e-\m-bn-cp-¶p. bq¯v tIm¬{K-Ênsâ B`n-ap-Jy-¯n t_mws_-bpsS ]e `mK-§-fnÂsh¨pw R§Ä s]mXp-tbm-K-§Ä tNcm-dp-m-bn-cp-¶p. t_mws_-bnse I½yq-Wn-Ìp-Im-cmb ae-bm-fn-IÄ¡v Gähpw henb Xe-th-Z-\-bpw, t]Sn-kz-]v\-hp-am-bn-cp-¶Xv A¶p tIcf bq¯v tIm¬{K-Êmbncp¶p.
kÀZmÀ hÃ-`mbv ]t«Â
tIm¬{K-Ênsâ B`n-ap-Jy-¯n kÀZmÀ hÃ-`mbv ]t«en\p am«pw-K-bnÂsh¨p Hcp kzoI-cWw sImSp-¡p-hm³ Xocp-am-\n¡s¸-«n-cp-¶p. B kzoI-c-W-¯n tIcf bq¯v tIm¬{K-Ên-\p-thn At±-ls¯
ame-b-Wn-bn-¡p-hm³ F\n-¡m-bn-cp¶p kµÀ`w In«n-b-Xv. tIm¬{K-Ên-tâ-bpw, AtXm-S-\p-_-Ôn¨ tZiob {]Øm-\-§fp-sSbpw ]«n-I-bn tIcf bq¯v tIm¬{K-Ên\pw A§ns\ Øm\w In«n. AXp-hgn kzX{´ C´y-bpsS GIo--I-c-W-¯n-\p-thn Xsâ Ign-hp-IÄ apgp-h\pw hn\n-tbm-Kn¨p ]n³-Im-e¯p hnP-b-{io-em-fn-X-\mb kÀZmÀhÃ-`m-bn-]-t«-ens\ sXmSp-hm-\pw, kzoI-cn-¡p-hm\pw F\n-s¡mch-kcw In«n.
A¶s¯ {]kwKw Ipsd \mfp-I-tfmfw Fsâ a\-Ên X§n-\n-¶n-cp-¶p. kzÂ]w I½yq-WnÌp at\m-`mhw Dm-bn-cp¶ ]©m-_nse tIm¬{K-Êp-I-½nän A²y-£-\m-bn-cp¶ anbm³ C_vZn-¡m-dp-±o³ kmtl-ºn-t\mSp F´n-\n{X hnj-an¨p tIm¬{K-Ên NS-ªn-cn-¡-W-sa¶pw \n§Ä¡p kzmKXw e`n-¡p-hm-\n-S-bpÅ apÉow-eo-Kn-te¡p IS-¶p-sN-Ãp-I-bp-atà \ÃXv F¶p-am-bn-cp¶p kÀZm-dnsâ tNmZyw. ]m¡n-Øm³ A\p-h-Zn-t¡XmsW-¶pÅ I½yqWn-Ìp-Im-cpsS A¡m-es¯ apd-hn-fn-bmWp anbm³ C_vZn-¡m-dp-±o-\n¡qSn A¶p AJn-te´ym tIm¬{KÊp I½n-än-bn tI«n-cp-¶-sX¶pw At±-l-¯n\p adp-]Sn ]d-bp¶ Iq«-¯n-emWp kÀZmÀ hÃ-`m-bn-]-t«Â A¯-c-¯n-semcp tNmZyw tNmZn-¨-sX¶pw ]d-tb-n-bn-cn-¡p-¶p. kt½-f-\-¯n Gähpw D-b-cw-IqSnb Jm³ A_vZpÄJm-^ÀJms\ ]Þnäv Ph-lÀemÂs\lvdp ssI-]n-Sn¨p kt½-f-\-¯nÂ\n¶p ]pd-t¯¡p Iq«n-s¡m-p t]mIp-¶Xp Rm³ In-«p-v. kt½-f-\-¯n A²y£w hln-¨n-cp-¶Xp tIm¬{K-Ê-²y-£-\mb auem\m A_vZpÄ¡emw Bkm-Zp-Xs¶ Bb-n-cp-¶p. hmKvt²m-c-Wn-tbm-Sp-IqSn At±lw DÀZp-hn -sNbvX AXn-Kw-`o-c-amb A²y-£-{]-kwKw Hc-£-c-sa-¦nepw F\n¡p a\-Ên-em-bn--sÃ-¦nepw AXp- Kw-`o-cam-sW¶p a\-Ên-em-¡p-hm³ F\n-¡p -km-[n-¨n-cp-¶p. BKÌp hn¹hw Bcw-`n-¨-Xn-\p-tijw Dm-bn-«pÅ FÃm kw`-h-§-sf-¡p-dn¨pw B kt½-f\w ]cn-Nn-´\w \S-¯p-Ibpw Xocp-am-\-§sfSp¡p-Ibpw sNbvXp!
A¡m-e¯p alm-ßm-KmÔn {]IrXn NnIn-Õ-bv¡p-thn ]q\-bn hn{i-an-¡p-I-bm-bn-cp-¶p. alm-ß-Pn-sb-¡m-Wp-hm-\pw, At±lw \S-¯m-dpÅ {]mÀ°-\m-tbm-K-§-fn ]s¦-Sp-¡p-hm\pw ]ecpw t_mws_-bnÂ\n¶p ]q\-bn t]mIm-dp-m-bn-cp-¶p. KmÔn-Pn-sb Im-W-W-sa-¶pw, {]mÀ°-\m-tbm-K-§-fn ]s¦-Sp-¡-W-sa¶pw F\n¡pw B{K-lap-m-bn-cp-¶-Xp-sImp Rm\pw ]q\-bn-te¡p t]mbn. \me©pZnh-k-§Ä AhnsS Xma-kn-¡p-I-bpw, AXn-\n-S-bn KmÔn-Pn-sb-¡m-Wp-Ibpw {]mÀ°-\m-tbm-K-§-fn ]s¦Sp-¡p-Ibpw sNbvXn-cp-¶p. ]q\-bn Fsâ \m«pImcmb Nne kplr-¯p-¡-fp-s¶p t\cs¯ ]d-ªp-h-tÃm. A-Xp-sImp F\n-¡-hnsS Xma-kn-¡p-hm³ hnj-a-ap-m-bn-Ã. AhnsS Rm-\p-m-bn-cp¶ an¡-Zn-h-k-§-fn-epw, Rm\pw Fsâ kplr-¯p-¡fpw {]mÀ°-\m-tbm-K--§fn kw_-Ôn-¡m-dpapm-bn-cp-¶p. A¶p ]q\-bn Xma-kn-¨-t¸m-gmWv {_n«o-jp-ImÀ KmÔnPnsb XS-§-enÂsh-¨n-cp¶ BKm-Jm³ sIm«m-chpw ap³]p At±-ls¯ Pbn-en AS-¨n-cp¶ "bdp-hmUm' sk³{S Pbnepw F\n¡p ImWp-hm-\n-S-In-«n-b-Xv. BKÌp hn¹-h-Im-e¯v KmÔn-Pn-sb-bpw, ]mÀ«n-sbbpw Hgn¨v aäpÅ {][m-\-s¸« t\Xm-¡-·m-cn ]e-scbpw XS-hn-en-«n-cp-¶Xpw bdp-hmUm Pbn-en-em-bn-cp-¶p. Ipsd-t]À Al-½Zv \K-dn-ep-am-bn-cp-¶p. KmÔn-Pn-bpw, ]mÀ«nbpw BKm-Jm³ sIm«m-c-¯n XS-¦-en Ccn-¡p-t¼m-gm-bn-cp¶p KmÔn-Pn-bpsS kl-[À½n-Wnbpw k-´X kl-Nm-c-nWnbp-amb {ioaXn IkvXqÀ`m-Km-Ôn-bpsS tZl-hn-tbm-K-ap-m-b-Xv. Ahn-sS-sh-¨p-X-s¶-bmWp alm-ß-Pn-bpsS sk{I-«-dn-bm-bn-cp¶ alm-tZ-h-tZ-im-bn-bp-tSbpw tZh-hn-tbm-K-ap-m-b-Xv. B cp t\Xm-¡-·m-cp-tSbpw ih-Ip-So-c-§Ä BKm-Jm³ sIm«m-c-¯nÂ-s¨¶v Rm³ kµÀin-¡p-Ibpw AhnsS Fsâ At´ym-]-lm-c-§Ä AÀ¸n-¡p-Ibpw sNbvXn-«p-v.
]q\m-bnÂ\n¶p Rm³ t_mws_-bv¡p-Xs¶ Xncn-¨p-t]m-bn. t]mIp-¶-Xn-\p-ap³]p t_mws_-bnÂh¨v R§Ä BtLm-jn-¡p-hm³ Xocp-am-\n-¨n-cp¶ tIcf bq¯v tIm¬-{K-Ênsâ hmÀjnI kt½-f-\-¯n Iem-]-cn-]m-Sn-I-f-h-X-cn-¸n-¡p-hm³ Fsâ kplr-¯p-¡-fpw, \m«p-Im-cp-amb Iem-Im-c-·m-tc-bpw, Iem-Im-cn-I-tfbpw Rm³ £Wn¡p-Ibpw sNbvXn-cp-¶p.
hÅ-t¯mÄ t_mws_-bnÂ
A¡m-e-¯mWp alm-Ihn hÅ-t¯mÄ kam-[m-\-k-t½-f-\-¡m-cpsS taÂhn-em-k-¯n t_mws_ kµÀin-¨-Xv. I½yq-Wn-Ìp-Im-cpsS B`n-ap-Jy-¯n ZmZ-dn Hcp tkmhn-bäv kplr-Xvk-t½-f\w \S-¡p-¶p-m-bn-cp-¶p. kt½-f-\-¯nsâ A²y-£³ alm-Ihn hÅt¯mÄ Bbn-cp-¶p. ktcm-Pn-\n-\m-bn-Up-hnsâ ktlm-Z-c-\pw, kp{]-kn² Ihn-bpw, kwKo-X-Ú-\pw, Iem-Im-c-\p-amb lco-{µ-\mYv NtXm-]m-²ymb Bbn-cp¶p DZvLm-S-I³. B kt½-f-\-¯n kw_-Ôn-¡p-hm\pw {]kw-Kn-¡p-hm-\p-amWv alm-Ihn hÅ-t¯mÄ t_mws_-bn h¶n-cp-¶-Xv. I½yq-Wn-Ì-\p-`m-h-ap-Å-hcpw AÃm-¯-h-cp-ambn [mcmfw KpP-dm-¯n-Ifpw adm-¯n-Ifpw kw_-Ôn-¨n-cp¶ Hcp kt½-f-\am-bn-cp¶p AXv. I½yq-WnÌv A\p-Iq-en-I-fpw, {]Xn-Iq-en-I-fp-ambn Ipsd ae-bm-fn-Ifpw AXn-ep-m-bn-cp-¶p. t{imXm-sh-¶-\n-e-bn tbmK-¯n Rm\p-ap-m-bn-cp-¶p. alm-Ihn hÅ-t¯mÄ ae-bm-f-¯n At±-l-¯nsâ {]kwKw Bcw-`n-¨p.
_[n-c-\pw, \nXy-P-e-tZm-jn-bp-amb alm-I-hn-bpsS ae-bmf {]kw-K-§Ä tI«n-«p-Å-hÀ¡v At±-l-¯nsâ kzX-kn-²-amb ssienbpw k{¼-Zm-bhpw ]cn-Nn-X-am-Wv. F¶m ae-bm-f-`mj ]cn-Nn-X-a-Ãm¯ t_mws_-bnse KpP-dm-¯n-Ifpw, adm-¯n-Ifpw AXp tI«-t¸mÄ H¶-¼-c-¡p-I-bmWp sNbvX-Xv. At±lw kwkm-cn-¡p-¶Xv F´p `mj-bn-em-sW¶v Hcp KpP-dm¯n asäm-cm-tfmSp tNmZn-¨p. AXp-tI«p ASp-¯p\n¶n-cp¶ {io. ]n. tKm]m-e³ ]dªp AXp djy³ `mj-bm-sW-¶v. DSs\ P\-§Ä BÀ¯p-hn-fn-¨p. "djy³ aX-vt_mtem' "djy³ aXv t_mtem-'sb¶v "djy³ th' "djy³ th'. Ahn-sS-sbt´m kw`-hn-¡p-¶p-s¶p a\-Ên-em-¡nb alm-Ihn AsX´m-sW¶v At\z-jn-¡p-hm³ AÂ]w PnÚm-kbpw, A£-a-Xbpw {]ZÀin-¸n-¨p. Bfp-I-sf-Ãmw-IqSn _lfw Iq«n. alm-Ihn {]kwKw \nÀ¯p-¶-Xn\v Hcp-¡-an-söp a\-Ên-em-¡nb sNdp-¸-¡mÀ tÌPn-te¡v Cc-¼n-¡-b-dn. AtXmSp IqSn B kt½-f\w Ah-km-\n-¡p-Ibpw sNbvXp. tbmKw Ign-ªp-t]m-Ip¶ I½yq-WnÌp kplr-¯p-¡Ä alm-I-hn-sb-Iq«n \nc-¯n-en-d-§n.
Smdn« tdmUn tNm¡p-sIm-s-gp-Xn-bn-cn-¡p-I-bmWv "C¶p alm
Ihn hÅ-t¯mÄ acn¡p'sa¶v. AXp Rm³ sN¿n¨ hnZy-bm-sW¶v kJm-¡Ä alm-I-hnsb ]dªp a\-Ên-em-¡n. Xm¡m-en-I-am-sb-¦nepw At±lw AXp hniz-kn-¨p-Im-Wpw. AXn-\pÅ sXfn-hp-IÄ Rm³ ]n¶oSp ]d-bmw.
B kµÀ`-¯n-seÃmw {io. Xmbm«v i¦-c³ t_mws_-bn Dm-bn-cp-¶p. ]ntä-Zn-hkw alm-Ihn hÅ-t¯mÄ ae-bm-fn-I-fpsS Hcp tbmK-¯n t]mZmÀ tImtf-Pn {]kw-Kn-¡p-hm³ Xocp-am-\n-¨n-cp-¶p. Ahn-sS-sh¨v At±-l-¯n\p sImSp-¡p-hm-s\-¶-\n-e-bn Xmbm«v i¦-c³ Hcp {]Xy-£-]{Xw FgpXn X¿m-dm-¡n-bn-cp-¶p. ]t£ AXp alm-Ihn hÅ-t¯m-fn\p sImSp--¯-X-t±-l-am-bn-cp-¶n-Ã. tIcf bq¯v tIm¬{K-Ên-sâ sk{I-«-dn-bmb {io. ]n. tKm]m-e-\m-bn-cp¶p AXp sNbvX-Xv.
tIc-f-¯nsâ tZ-iob alm-I-hn-bmb hÅ-t¯m-fns\ tZio-b-hn-cp²-·mcpw kzmX-{´y-k-a-c-¯nsâ Häp-Im-cp-amb I½yp-Wn-Ìp-IÄ C¶v N§-e-¡n-«p-sImv \S-¡p-I-bm-sW-¶pw, B ImgvN tZim-`n-am-\n-I-fpsS lrZbw thZ-\n-¸n-¡p-¶p-s-¶p-am-bn-cp¶p {]Xy-£-]-{X-¯nse DÅ-S-¡w. {]Xy-£-]{Xw H¶p t\m¡n-sb-¦nepw alm-Ihn AXn\p adp-]-Sn-sbm¶pw ]d-ªn-Ã. B {]Xy-£-]{Xw A¨-Sn¨p hnX-cWw sNt¿-Xv Hcp tZiob Bh-iy-am-sW¶p R§Ä Icp-Xn. A¶p t_mws_-bn ae-bmfw A¨-Sn-¡p-hm-\pÅ {]Êp-I-sfm-¶p-ap-m-bn-cp-¶n-Ã. F-§n-s\tbm Hcp {]ÊnÂsh¨v ae-bmf A£-c-§-sfÃmw Hcp-hn-[-¯n X«n-¡q«n B {]Xy-£-]{Xw R§-f-Sn-¸n-¨p. AXnsâ tIm¸n-IÄ tIc-f-¯n-te-¡p-a-b-¨p. tIc-f-¯nÂ-sh¨p hopw B {]Xy-£-]{Xw A¨-Sn-¸n-bv¡p-I-bpw, hnX-cWw sN¿p-Ibpw sNbvXp.
AXnsâ {]N-cWw I-t¸mÄ alm-I-hnbv¡v ITn-\-amb tZzjyw Dm-bn. "t_mws_-e-lf' F¶ t]cn At±l-samcp teJ-\-sa-gp-Xn. B teJ-\-¯n t_mws_-bn kmap-Zm-bnI Iem-]-§-fp-m-Ip-¶-Xnsâ D¯-c-hm-ZnXzw tPmen-I-fn-ÃmsX \S-¡p¶ ae-bm-fn-bp-hm-¡Ä¡m-sW¶pw, Ah-cpsS t\Xmhv Rm\m-sW¶p kqNn-¸n-¡p-Ibpw sNbvXn-cp-¶p. Fsâ t]cv teJ-\-¯n ]dª-n-cp-¶n-sÃ-¦nepw Fs¶ Adn-bm-hp-¶-hÀs¡Ãmw At±lw B teJ-\-¯n Nqn-¸-d-bp¶ BÄ Rm\m-sW¶p t_m²y-s¸-Sp-am-bn-cp-¶p. B teJ-\-¯nÂ\n¶p
alm-I-hn-bpsS hm¡p-IÄXs¶ Rm\n-hnsS D²cn-bv¡-s«. taÂ]-dª NneÀ tami-¡m-c-Ã. aoi-s¡m-¼³am-cm-Wv. ]pXp ]Tn-¸p-Å-h-cm-Wv. ]cn-jv¡m-cn-I-fm-Wv. IjvTn-]njvTn i¼fw In«p-¶-h-cm-Wv. X§-fpsS A´-Ên\p kÀÆ-I-em-ime _ncp-Zs¯ ImhÂ\nÀ¯n-bn-«p-Å-h-tcbpw C¡q-«-¯n¡m-Wmw. AhÀ {]K-Û-ambn {]kw-Kn-¡pw, Din-tcmsS D]-\ym-k-sa-gp-Xpw, ]e-Xp-sImpw anSp-¡-·m-cm-sW¶p Npcp-¡w... C¡q-«À Xs¶-bmWp Rm³ B²y£w hln¨ "tkmhn-bäv kplrÂ' kt½f-\-¯nepw Ie-iÂIq-«n-b-Xv. bq¯v tIm¬{K-Ê-ntâ-Xm-sW¶p tLmjn-¡-s¸« Cu el-f-bpsS Xe-bmfn Hcp ae-bm-fn-bm-bn-cp-¶p-t]m-epw. F¦n CbmÄXs¶bmhpw \S-]Sn \S-¯m³ \nhr-¯n-bn-sÃ-¶p-h-¶-Xn-\m A²y-£³ tbmKw ]ncn-¨p-hn-«p-sh¶ hymPm-£-c-§sf "amXr-`qan' ]{X-¯n Fdn-ªp-ho-gv¯n-b-Xv. asä-´pÅq Xsâ el-f-\-S-¯n¸q ^en¨p F¶p hcp-¯m-\pw, hnPbw hnJym-Xn-s¸-Sp-¯m\pw X¡ D]m-bw. bq¯p-tIm¬{KÊp-ImÀ F{X-sb-{X Iq¡n-hn-fn-¨n«pw Aaw-Kfw h¶p-tNÀ¶n-Ã. Aaw-K-f-¯n¶pw F\ns¡-¶-t]mse {ih-tW-{µnbw \in-¨n-cn-¡p-¶pthm Bthm!
hÅ-t¯mÄ t_mws_-bn F¶ amXr-`qan dnt¸mÀ«n-epw, tkmhn-bäv kplrÂk-t½-f-\-¯n¶p ]ntä¶p kzoI-c-W-tbm-K-¯nÂsh¨v F\n¡v {io. Xmbm«p i¦-c³ X¶ I½yq-WnÌp A[n-t£-]-{]-Np-c-amb {]Xy-£-]-{X-¯nepw `mjm-coXn GXmv Xpey-am-bn-¡m-W-s¸-Sp-¶-Xp-sImp dnt¸mÀ«n-sâ-bpw, {]Xy-£-]-{X¯n-sâbpw {]tW-Xmhv HcmÄXs¶bmsW¶v Nne aÀ½-Ú-·mÀ A`n-{]m-b-s¸-«Xpw Rm\n-t¸mÄ A\p-kva-cn¡p-¶p. t]mcm, tkmhn-bäv kplrÂk-t½-f-\-¯nse Iq¡n-hn-fn, {]Xy-£-]-{Xw, alm-Ihn hÅ-t¯mÄ C¶s¯ aoänw-Kn acn¡pw (kzo-I-c-W-k-t½-f\w Ignªp ]mX-bn-te-¡n-d-§n-b-t¸mÄ Fsâ A\p-bm-bn-I-fn HcmÄ Nqn-¡m-Wn--¨t¸m-gmWp Cu BbqÀZm-b-K-W\w Rm³ I-Xv) F¶ ]mX-bnse tNms¡-gp¯pw amXr-`q-an-bn-¡-b-bv¡-s¸« {]Xy£ ]{X-Çm-Jn-bmb \pW dnt¸mÀ«pw, F¶o thZw \mepw Htc hn[m-Zm-hn-¦Â\n¶p P\n-¨-Xm-sW-¶p-IqSn AhÀ t\c-t¼m-¡n ]d-ªp. Cu hnXÀ¡w kbp-àn-I-a-söv hmZn-¸m³ Rm\m-fm-bn-Ã.
kzoI-c-W-tbm-K-¯nse kzoI-cWw! ipjv¡-am-bn-cp-¶p-sh¶p "amXr-`qan' teJ-I³ tJZn-¡p-¶-sX-´n\v? Abm-fpsS ZrjvSnbnÂ
I½yq-WnÌp \nb-{´-W-¯n-em-bn-cp-¶p-htÃm B tbmKw. I½yq-Wn-ÌpImÀ¡ptm X½n XÃn¨v tNmc-sbm-gp-¡n-¡p¶ t]m¡n-cn-¯-e-h-·m-cpsS BÀ{Z-X.'
AXn-s\-¯p-SÀ¶p "amXr-`qan'-bn Ht«sd hmZ-tIm-em-l-e-§-fp-m-bn. amXr-`qan apJ-{]-kw-Khpw Fgp-Xn-bn-cp-¶p.
t\XmPn acn-¨p-sh-¶pÅ hmÀ¯
tIcf bq¯ptIm¬{K-Ênsâ H¶mw hmÀjn-I-k-t½-f\w R§-f¶p t_mws_-bnÂh¨p sImm-Sn. kt½-f-\-t¯m-S-\p-_-Ôn¨v ae-bm-f-¯n-semcp \mS-I-hpw, ]q\-bn \n¶p-h¶ ae-bm-fn-I-fpsS \r¯-\r-¯y-§-fp-ap-m-bn-cp-¶p. \r¯w \S-¶p-sIm-n-cn¡p-t¼m-gmWv t\XmPn kp`mjv N{µ-t_mkv Hcp hnam-\m-]-I-S-¯nÂ-s]«v \ncym-X-\m-bn-sb-¶pÅ hmÀ¯ kt½-f-\-¯nse¯nb-Xv. AXn-s\-¯p-SÀ¶p kt½-f-\-¯nse Ah-ti-jn¨ ]cn-]m-Sn-IÄ d±m-¡-s¸-«p. t\Xm-Pn-bpsS acWw C¶pw Dulm-t]m-l-§-fn aqSn-¡n-S-¡p-I-bm-W-tÃm. At±lw Ct¸mgpw Pohn-¨n-cn-¸p-s¶v hniz-kn-¡p¶hcpsS kwJybpw \½p-sS-bn-S-bn sNdp-X-Ã. F¶m Pohn-¨n-cn-¡p-¶p-s-¦n At±lsa-´n-\m-Wn¶pw Hfn-ªn-cn-¡p-¶-sX-¶-Xn-s\-¡p-dn¨v Xr]vXnIcamb adp-]Sn BcnÂ\n¶pw CXn-\Iw e`n-¨p-I-gn-ªn-«nÃ. Kh¬saâp \nb-an¨ Hct\zjW-¡½n-än-bpsS At\zjWwIgnªp asäm¶nt¸mÄ \S-¶p-sImncn-¡p-I-bmWv
]{X-{]-hÀ¯-\hpw hnShm-§epw
t_mws_bnse {^os{]Êv PÀ®(Free Press Journal)en knän dnt¸mÀ«dpsS tPmen In«n. t_mws_-bnse {][m-\-`m-j-I-fmb adm-¯n, KpP-dm-¯n, F¶n-h-tbm, ]{X-dn-t¸mÀ«-ÀamÀ¡p Bh-iy-amb tjmÀ«p-lmâv, ssS¸vssd-änwKv F¶n-htbm Xosc Adn-ªp-Iq-Sm¯ Hcm-fmWp Rm³. Fsâ lnµn ]cn-Úm-\w-Xs¶ hfsc ]cn-an-X-hp-am-Wv. F¶n-cp-¶mepw \K-c-¯n \S-¡p¶ {][m\ kw`-h-§-sf-¡p-dn-s¨Ãmw dnt¸mÀ«p-I-sf-gp-Xp-hm³ \nbp-à-\m-b-h-\mWp Rm³.
Bäw-t_mw-_p-I-sf-¡p-dn¨v \mw A¶p tI«p-Xp-S-§n-bn-t«-bp-Åq. P¸m-\nse lntcm-jn-a-bn-epw, \mK-km-¡nbnepw A¶p t_mw_p-IÄ {]tbm-Kn-¡-s¸-«-Xnsâ ^e-ambn bp²w Ah-km-\n¨p Ign-ªn-cn-¡p-
I-bm-Wv. B L«-¯n-emWv C´y-bnse kp{]-kn² AWp-im-kv{X-hn-Z-Kv²-\mb tUm: `m` Bä-anIv F\ÀPn-sb-¡p-dn¨p t_mws_-bn Hcp {]kwKw sNbvX-Xv. {]kwKw dnt¸mÀ«p sN¿p-hm³ {^o{]Êv {]Xn-\n-[n-bmbn t]mbXp Rm\m-bn-cp-¶p. 'The principle involved is the Convertion of mass into energy' F¶mWv At±lw ]d-ª-sX¶p tXm¶p-¶p. A§-s\-Xs¶ Rm³ dnt¸mÀ«p Fgp-Xp-Ibpw sNbvXp. IqsS-bp-m-bn-cp¶ aäp ]{X-§-fnse dnt¸mÀ«Àam-cp-ambn IqSn-bm-tem-Nn-¨-Xn-\p-ti-j-amWp Rm³ dnt¸mÀ«p X¿m-dm¡n {]Ên-te¸n-¨-Xv. ]ntä Znhkw {^o{]Êv PÀ®-en-Âh¶ dnt¸mÀ«p 'The principle involved is the Convertion of man into energy'F¶m-bn-cp-¶p. B dnt¸mÀ«p I-t¸mÄ tUm: `m` ]{Xm-[n-]sc t^mWn hnfn-¨-t\z-jn-¨p. ]{Xm-[n-]À F\n-¡m-f-b-¨p. Rm³ Fkv. kZm-\-µsâ (]-{Xm-[n-]À) ap¼n lm-P-cm-bn. Rm³ Ipä-¡m-c-\-söpw A¨-Sn-]n-i-ImWp Ipä-¡m-c-s\¶pw Rm\-t±-l-t¯mSp ]d-ªp. GXm-bmepw tUm: `m`-bpsS ap¼n ]{X-dn-t¸mÀ«sc in£n-¨n-cn-¡p-¶p-sh¶p ]d-bp-hm³ thn-sb-¦nepw tPmen-bn \n¶p ]ncn-bp-hm³ F\n¡p t\m«oÊp In«n. A§s\ t_mws_-bn Hcp ]{X-{]-hÀ¯-I-\mbn PohnXw XpS-cp-hm-\pÅ Fsâ B{Klw Ah-km-\n-¨p. ]n¶oSv Fkv.F. s{_Âhn-sb-¡p "t_mws_ t{ImWn-¡n' ]{X-¯n Hcp dnt¸mÀ«-dmbn F\n¡p hopw tPmen-In-«n-sb-¦nepw tPmen-bn {]th-in-bv¡p-hm³ F\n¡p kuIcyw e`n-¡m-sX-t]m-bn.
tIc-f-t\-Xm-¡Ä¡p t_mws_-bn kzoI-cWw
Bbn-S¡p t_mws_-bnÂsh¨p hopw Hcp AJn-te´ym tIm¬{KÊv kt½-f\w \S-¡p-hm³ t]mIp-¶p-m-bn-cp-¶p. AXn kw_-Ôn-¡p-hm³ tIc-f-¯nÂ\n¶p Nne t\Xm-¡-·mÀ hcp-¶p-v. AhÀ¡p tIcf bq¯p-tIm¬{K-Ênsâ B`n-ap-Jy-¯n Hcp kzoI-cWw sImSp-t¡--Xm-sW¶v R-§Ä Xocp-am-\n-¨p. t_mws_-bn-te¡p hcp¶ t\Xm-¡-·msc ]q\-bnÂsN¶p kzoI-cn-¡p-hm\pw Ah-tcm-sSm¸w ]q\-bnÂ\n¶v t_mws_-bn-temfw k©-cn-¡p-hm\pw Fs¶ bq¯vtIm¬-{KÊv Npa-X-e-s¸-Sp-¯n-bn-cp-¶p. AX-\p-k-cn¨v Rm³ ]q\-bn t]mbn. t\Xm-¡-·msc kzoI-cn-¨p. {ioam-·mÀ: apl-½Zv A_vZpÀdln-am³kmtl-_v, tImgn-¸p-d¯p am[-h-ta-t\m³ {ioa-Xn-amÀ: A½p-kzm-an-\m-Y³, F.-hn.- Ip-«n-amfpA½ F¶-nh-cm-bn-cp¶p A¶p
t_mws_bnte¡p hcp-¶p-m-bn-cp-¶-Xv. Ahsc Rm³ ]q\-bnÂ\n¶p kzoI-cn-¡p-Ibpw Ah-tcm-sSm¸w AtX hn-bn t_mws_bntemfw k©-cn-¡p-Ibpw sNbvXp. ]q\-bnÂ\n¶v t_mws_-bn-te-¡pÅ Xoh-n-bm{X¡nS-bn t_mws_-bnse cmjv{Sob ØnXn-K-Xn-I-sf-¡p-dn-¨pw, tIcf bq¯p-tIm¬{K-Ênsâ BhnÀ`m-h-s¯-¡p-dn-¨pw, AXnsâ ]cn-]m-Sn-I-sf-¡p-dn-¨pw, t_mws_-bn-epÅ tIc-fo-b-cmb I½yq-Wn-Ìp-Im-cpsS {]hÀ¯-\-§-sf-¡p-dn-¨pw, t\Xm-¡-·m-cp-ambn Rm³ kwkm-cn-¡p-I-bp-m-bn. ]ntä-Zn-hkw am«pw-K-bn-epÅ t]mZmÀ tImtf-PnÂsh-¨m-bn-cp¶p AhÀ¡v kzoI-cWw \ÂIn-bn-cp-¶-Xv. kzoI-c-W-tbm-K-¯n [mcmfw ae-bm-fn-IÄ kw_-Ôn-¨n-cp-¶p. B tbmK-¯nÂsh¨v t\Xm-¡-·msc t_mws_ ae-bm-fn-IÄ¡p Rm³ ]cn-N-b-s¸-Sp-¯n.
tIc-f-¯nse A¶s¯ cmjv{Sob \ne-sb-¡p-dn¨pw I½yq-WnÌp ]mÀ«n-bpsS Ahn-Sps¯ {]hÀ¯-\-s¯-¡p-dn-¨pw, AXns\ FXn-cn-Sp-hm³ tIm¬{K-Êp-ImÀ ssIs¡m-n-«pÅ amÀ¤-§-sf-¡p-dn-¨p-saÃmw t\Xm-¡-·mÀ kpZoÀL-ambn B tbmK-¯n {]kw-Kn-¨p. tIcf bq¯vtIm¬{K-Ênsâ t\Xr-Xz-¯n \S¶ B kzoI-c-W-k-t½-f-\-¯n-\p-tijw Ah-scÃmw AJn-te´ym tIm¬{K-Êp-I-½n-än-bpsS kt½-f-\-¯n kw_-Ôn-¡p-hm³thn t]mhp-Ibpw sNbvXp.
t_mws_ t{ImWn-¡n ]{X-¯n F\n¡p tPmen In«n-bn-cp-¶p-sh¶p ]dªp-htÃm! ]s£! AXn-\n-S-bn F\n¡p Nn¡³t]mIvkp _m[n-¡p-Ibpw NnIn-ÕmÀ°w Rm³ BÀXÀtdm-Unse kmw{I-an-I-tcm-Km-ip-]-{Xn-bn {]th-in-¡-s¸-Sp-Ibpw sNbvXp. AXp-sImp tPmen-¡p-t]m-Ip-hm³ F\n¡p km[n-¨n-Ã. Nn¡³t]mIvkn-¶n-S-bn Npcp-§nb tXmXn hkq-cn-bp-ap-m-bn-cp-¶p.
tcmK-hn-ap-à-\mbn Bip-]{Xn hnSp-t¼m-tg¡p \m«nÂ\n¶p In\m¯n \mcm-b-Wsâ Hsc-gp-¯p-In-«n. B Fgp-¯n Xnc-sª-Sp¸p \S-¡p-hm³ t]mIp-I-bm-sW¶pw AXn-¶p-th {]Nm-c-th-e-IÄ sN¿p-hm³ t_mws_-bnÂ\n¶p {]i-kvX-\mb Hcp t\Xm-hns\ Rm³ £Wn-¡-W-sa¶pw At±-l-t¯m-sSm¸w Rm\pw \m«n-te¡p Xncn-¡-W-sa¶pw At±-l-s¯-s¡mv Xnc-sª-Sp¸v {]N-cWw DZvLm-S\w sN¿n-¸n-¡-W-sa-¶p-am-bn-cp¶p B Fgp-¯nse DÅ-S-¡w.
t_mws_-bnse H¶m-as¯ tIm¬{KÊp apJy-a-{´n-bm-bn-cp¶ _n.-Pn.-JÀ Ce-Iv{SnIvs{Sbn-\n k©-cn-¡p-¶Xv Rm³ an¡-Zn-h-k-§-fnepw ImWm-dp-v. Nne-t¸mÄ B hn-bnÂX-s¶ Rm\pw Ib-dm-dp-v. At±-ls¯ Ip At\z-jn-¨-t¸mÄ At±-l-¯n\p Nne Aku-I-cy-§Ä Ds¶p a\-Ên-em-bn. ]ns¶ Rm³ t]mbXv Atim-I-ta-¯-bpsS ASp-t¯-¡m-Wv. At±-l-hp-ambn Ipsd-t\cw Rm³ kwkm-cn-¨n-cp-¶p. A¶-t±lw tkmjy-en-Ìp-]mÀ«n-t\-Xm-hm-bn-cp-¶p. tkmjy-enÌp ]mÀ«n¡v Xnc-sª-Sp-¸n hniz-mk-an-söpw Ah-cmcpw Xnc-sª-Sp-¸n ]s¦-Sp-¡p-I-bn-sÃ-¶p-amWv At±lw ]d-ª-Xv. A§s\ At±-lhpw R§-fpsS £W-¯nÂ\n¶p ]ncn-ªp. aq¶m-aXp Rm³ t]mbXp tkmfn _mSven-hm-f-bpsS ASp-t¯-bv¡m-Wv.
Xe-tÈ-cn-bp-ambn _Ô-s¸-«n-«pÅ Hcp Bfm-WtÃm tkmfn_mSven-hm-f. I½yq-Wn-Ìp-]mÀ«n-bpsS BZy-Ime t\Xm-¡-·m-cn Hcm-fm-bn-cp¶ At±-ls¯ Xe-tÈ-cn-bnÂsh¨v A¶s¯ tIm¬{KÊp apJy-a-{´n-bm-bn-cp¶ cmP-tKm-]m-em-Nm-cn-bpsS Kh¬saâv AdÌp sNbvXp-sh¶ hnhcw t\cs¯ ]d-ªn-cp-¶-h-tÃm. F¶m C¶-t±lw I½yq-Wn-Ì-Ã, I½yq-WnÌp hncp-²-\m-Wv. I½yq-Wn-k-¯n-\p-thn AXyp{Kambn {]kwKw sN¿m-dp-m-bn-cp¶ _mSven-hmf Ct¸mÄ
AXn-tesd iàn-tbm-Sp-IqSn I½yq-Wn-Ìp-]mÀ-«nsb FXnÀ¡p-I-bm-Wv. t\XmPn kp`m-jvN-{µ-t_m-knsâ Bkm-Zvln-µv^u-hp-ambn At±lw _Ô-s¸-«n-cn-¡p-I-bm-Wv. t\Xm-Pn-sb-¡p-dn¨p I½yq-Wn-Ìp-Im-cp-sS `mj-bn "km{am-Py-Xz-¯nsâ sNcp-¸p-\¡n' F¶m-bn-cp¶p A¶p ]d-ªn-cp-¶-Xv. B _mSven-hm-fsb Rm³ At±-l-¯nsâ t_mws_ hk-Xn-bnÂsN¶p Ip. R§-fpsS Bhiyw At±-ls¯ Adn-bn-¨p. I½yq-WnÌp hncp² {]kw-K-§Ä sN¿p-hm-\mWp Rm\-t±-ls¯ £Wn-¨-Xv. At±lw kk-t´mjw £Ww kzoI-cn-¨p.
tcmKwamdn ]pd-¯p-h¶ F\n¡p At¸mÄ Hcmi a\-Ên-ep-m-bn-cp-¶p. Npcp-§n-bXp cmw-¢m-Ên-se-¦nepw (A-¶s¯ cmw-¢mÊv C¶s¯ H¶mw-¢m-Êv) t_mws_-bnÂ\n¶p Xe-tÈ-cn-hsc Xoh-n-bm{X sN¿W-sa-¶v. Fsâ A¶s¯ Btcm-Ky-Øn-Xn¡v AXm-h-iy-hp-am-bn-cp-¶p. XobXn \nÝ-bn¨p Sn¡-äp-hm-§p-hm³ Rms\m-cp-§n. At¸m-fmWp _mSven-hmf ]d-bp-¶Xp \ap¡p aq¶mw-¢mÊp Sn¡äp hm§n-bm aXn-sb-¶v. A¡m-cy-¯n At±-l-¯n\p \nÀº-Ô-aps¶pw km[m-cW P\-§-fp-sS-bn-S-bn D´pw-X-Åp-ambn Ign-bp-¶Xn At±-l-¯n\p B\-µ-ap-s-¶pw. At±-l-¯nsâ B \nÀt±iw Fs¶ AÂ]w CÑm-`w-K-s¸-Sp-¯n-sb-¦nepw Ce-£³ I½-nänbv¡p Nnehp Npcp-t¡ Imcy-am-b-Xp--sImp At±-l-¯nsâ A`o-jvSm-\p-k-cWw cp aq¶mw ¢mÊp Sn¡-äp-IÄ hm§n R§Ä t_mws_-bnÂ\n¶p Xe-tÈ-cnbv¡p bm{X Xncn-¨p. t_mws_-tbm-SpÅ Fsâ hnS-hm-§-em-bn-cp¶p A¶p \S-¡p-¶-sX¶v Rm\-t¸mÄ HmÀ½n-¨n-cp-¶n-Ã. Xncn¨p t_mws_-bn hcm-sa¶pw "t_mws_ t{ImWn-¡nÂ' ]-{X-¯n F\n¡p hmKvZ¯w sN¿-s¸-«n-cp¶ dnt¸mÀ«-dpsS tPmen-bn {]th-in-¡m-sa¶pw Icp-Xn-bmWp Rm\¶p t_mws_ hn«-Xv.
bm{X XpSÀ¶p-sIm-n-cnt¡ "\Kcn' F¶ dbnÂth-tÌ-j-\nÂIqSn R§Ä IS-¶p-t]mbn. Ahn-sS-sb¯n tÌjsâ t]À hmbn-¨--t¸mÄ _mSven-hmf hnIm-cm-[o-\-\mbn ImW-s¸-«p. Imcy-sa-s´¶p Rm\-t\z-jn-¨-t¸mÄ AX-t±-l-¯nsâ `mcy-bpsS t]cm-sW-¶-t±lw ]d-ªp. Ipsd-¡mew Ign-ª-Xn-\p-ti-j-amWp, At±-l-¯nsâ `mcy At±-l-¯nÂ\n¶p ]ncn-ªn-cn-¡p-I-bm-sW¶pw Hcp I½yq-Wn-Ìp-Im-cn-bm-sW¶pw a\-Ên-em-b-Xv.
_mSv-en-hmfbpw, Rm\pw Xe-tÈ-cn-bn-se-¯n. tIm«-bw-þ-h-b-\mS
\ntbm-P-I-a-Þ-e-¯n \n¶v a{ZmÊv Akw-»n-bn-te¡p aÕ-cn-¡p¶ Øm\mÀ°n-IÄ cp-t]-cm-bn-cp-¶p. tIm¬{KÊv Øm\mÀ°n Fw.-]n. Zmtam-Z-c-\pw, I½yq-WnÌp Øm\mÀ°n kJmhv kn.-F-¨v. IWm-c-\pw. Zmtam-Z-csâ sXc-sª-Sp¸p {]Nm-cWw DZvLm-S\w sN¿p-I-bm-bn-cp¶p _mSvenhm-f-bpsS tIc-f-¯nse BZys¯ B ]cn-]m-Sn. Xe-tÈ-cn-bnÂsh¨p At±-l-¯nsâ DÖz-e-amb Hcp {]`m-j-W-t¯m-Sp-IqSn \nÀÆ-ln-¡-s¸-«p. B {]kwKw ]cn-`m-j-s¸-Sp-¯n-bXp Rm\m-bn-cp-¶p. ]cn-`mj hfsc hnZ-Kv²-am-bn-cp-¶p-sh¶v t{imXm-¡Ä¡p tXm¶n-b-Xp-sImv _mSven-hm-f-bpsS ]n¶o-Sp-mb FÃm {]kwK-§fpw ae-bm-f-¯n-te¡v ]cn-`m-j-s¸-Sp-¯pI F¶ Npa-X-e-bn Rm³ \nbp-à-\m-bn. ae-_m-dnsâ ]e `mK-§-fnepw I½yq-Wn-Ìp-Imsc ]cm-P-b-s¸-Sp-¯p-hm³ DZvt_m-[n-¸n-¨p-sImpw tIm¬{KÊv Øm\mÀ°n-Isf hnP-bn-¸n-¡p--hm³ A`yÀ°n-¨p-sImpw At±lw Hcp {]-kw-K-]-cy-S\w \S-¯n. Xfn-¸-d¼p apX sImSp-§-ÃqÀhsc B ]cy-S\w \op-\n-¶p.
sImSp-§-Ãq-cnÂsh¨p At±-l-¯n\p Hcp I¼n-In-«n. `qem-`mbvtZimbn tcmK-_m-[n-X-\mbn InS-¸n-em-sW¶pw _mSven-hmf DSs\ t_mwt_¡v Xncn-¡-W-sa-¶p-am-bn-cp¶p B I¼n-bnse DÅ-S-¡w. `qem-`mbv tZim-bn-bpw, _mSven-hm-fbpw IpSpw-_-kp-lr-¯p-¡-fm-bn-cp-¶-Xp-sImv _mSven-hmf At±-l-¯nsâ {]kw-K-]-cy-S\w Ah-km-\n-¸n¨v t_mws_-bn-te¡p Xncn-¨p-t]m-bn. Rm³ sImSp-§-Ãq-cnÂ\n¶p Xe-tÈ-cn-bn-se¯n tIm¬{KÊv {]N-c-W-¯n GÀs¸-Sp-Ibpw sNbvXp. B Xnc-sª-Sp-¸n Fw.-]n. Zmtam-Z-c³ hnP-bn-¡p-Ibpw kJmhv kn.-F-¨v. IWm-c³ ]cm-P-b-s¸-Sp-Ibpw sN-bvXp. aäpÅ FÃm \ntbm-P-I-a-Þ-e-§-fnÂ\n¶pw tIm¬{KÊp Øm\mÀ°n-IÄ Xs¶-bm-bn-cp¶p hnP-bn-¨n-cp-¶-Xv.
AXn-\n-S-bn Fw.-]n. Zmtam-Z-c³ tcmK-_m-[n-X-\m-bn. At±ls¯ NnIn-ÕmÀ°w a{Zm-Ên-te¡p sImp-t]m-bXv Rm\m-bn-cp-¶p. AtXmsS R§-fn-cp-hcpw a{Zm-Ên Ønc-Xm-akw XpS-§p-Ibpw sNbvXp. hn.-]n. \mcm-b-W³\-¼ym-cpsS (ap³ Fw.-FÂ.-kn.) AXn-Yn-I-fm-bn-«mWp R§-f¶p Ign-ªn-cp-¶-Xv. Hcp-Zn-hkw Rm³ sk³{S tÌj-\n t]mb-t¸mÄ BÀ. cmL-h-ta-t\m³ Hcp aq¶mw-¢mÊv I¼mÀ«p-saân Ibdn ]me-¡m-t«¡p t]mIp-hm³th-n-bn-cn-¡p-¶-
XmWp I-Xv. At±-l-¯n-t\mSp Ipd-¨p-t\cw kwkm-cn-¨-t¸mÄ a{Zmkv tIm¬{KÊv ePn-tÉ-äohv Akw»n ]mÀ«n-t\-Xm-hmbn Sn. {]Im-is¯ Xnc-sª-Sp-¡p-¶-Xn At±lw A\p-Iq-en-bm-sW¶p Ft¶mSp ]d-bp-I-bpw, F¶m AXn-¶p-thn At±lw ]cn-{i-an-t¡--Xm-sW¶p Rm\-t±-ls¯ t_m-²y-s¸-Sp-¯p-Ibpw sNbvXp. I¿n--ep-m-bn-cp¶ Sn¡äv Xncn-¨p-sIm-Sp-¸n¨v At±-l-s¯-bpw-Iq«n Rm³ Fw.-]n. Zmtam-Z-csâ ASp-t¯¡p t]mbn. AhnsSsh¨p IqSn-bm-tem-N-\-IÄ \S-¯n-b-Xn-\p-tijw In\m¯n \mcm-b-W\v R§Ä I¼n-b-Sn-¡p-Ibpw At±-ls¯ a{Zm-Ên-te¡p hcp-¯p-Ibpw sNbvXp.
ap¯p-c-¦-ap-X-en-bm-cpw, Sn. {]Im-i-hp-am-bn-cp¶p t\Xr-Xz-¯n\p thn aÕ-cn-¡p¶ cp tIm¬{KÊv Øm\mÀ-°n-IÄ. {]Im-i-¯nsâ hnP-b-¯n-\p-thn R§Ä sImp-]n-Sn-¨pÂkm-ln-¨p. sXc-sª-Sp-¸nsâ ^ew {]Jym-]n-¨-t¸mÄ Sn. {]Im-i-am-bn-cp¶p hnP-bn-¨-Xv. A§s\ At±lw a{ZmÊv apJy-a-{´n-bm-Ip--sa-¶pÅ Imcyw XoÀ¨-bm-bn. {]Imiw a{´n-k` cq]o-I-cn-¨-t¸mÄ ae-_m-dnÂ\n¶v Btcbpw AXn DÄs¸-Sp-¯n-bn-cp-¶n-Ã. AXn {]tXyI-amb Imc-W§-fp-ap-m-bn-cp-¶p. tImgn-¸p-d¯p am[-h-ta-t\m-³, A¶p Xan-gp-\mSp tIm¬{KÊv I½n-än-bpsS {]kn-Umbn-cp¶ sI. Ima-cm-Pp-ambn tbmPn-¨p-sImv {]Im-i-¯nsâ Øm\mÀ°n-Xzs¯ FXnÀ¡p-I-bmWp sNbvXXv. BÀ. cmL-h-ta-t\m³ t\c-s¯-Xs¶ Xm³ cmP-tKm-]m-em-Nm-cn-bpsS Iym¼n-em-sW¶p hyà-am-¡p-Ibpw sNbvXn-cp-¶p. cmPtKm-]m-em-Nm-cnsb C¡pdn Ima-cm-Ppw, {]Im-ihpw am[-h-tam-t\m\pw FÃmw FXnÀ¡p-I-bmWp sNbvX-Xv. AXp-sImp ]mÀ«nbpsS t\Xr-Xz-a-Õ-c-¯n cmPmPn Dm-bn-cp-¶n-Ã. ae-_m-dnÂ\n-¶pÅ {]Xn-\n-[n-I-fn Btc-bmWp a{´n-k-`-bn DÄ-s¸-Sp-t¯--sX¶ Imcy-¯n AXp-sImp {]-Im-i-¯n\p Xocp-am-\-sa-Sp-¡m³ Ime-Xm-akw thn-h-¶p.
am[-h-ta-t\ms\ FSp-¡-W-sa-¶v Ima-cm-Ppw, cmL-h-ta-t\ms\ FSp-¡-W-sa¶v R§fpw Hcp-t]mse hmin-]n-Sn-¨n-cp-¶p. ae-_m-dnsâ Imcy-¯n Xocp-am-\-sa-Sp-¡p-hm³ Ima-cm-Pn-t\-¡mÄ AÀlX X\n-bv¡m-sW-¶m-bn-cp¶p {]Im-i-¯nsâ \ne-]m-Sv. tIc-f-¯nse tIm¬{KÊpambn Xm³ hfsc _Ô-s¸-«n-«ps-¶pw, Xsâ PbnÂPo-hn-X-¯nsâ Hcp-`mKw Xm³ Ign-¨p-Iq-«n-bXv I®q-cn-em-bn-cp-¶p-sh-¶p-
amWv {]Imiw ]dª kam-[m-\w. HSp-hn At±lw BÀ. cmL-h-ta-t\ms\ a{´n-bm-bpw, Fw.-]n. Zmtam-Z-cs\ ]mÀen-saâdn sk{I-«-dn-bmbpw sXc-sª-Sp-¯p.
cmL-h-ta-t\m³ a{´n-bmbn kXy-{]-Xn-Ú-sNbvXv sk{I-«-dn-tb-än At±-l-¯n-\p-thn Hcp¡nh¨ apdn-bn-se-¯p-t¼mÄ Fw.-]n. Zmtam-Z-c-\pw, In\m¯n\mcm-b-W-\pw, Rm\pw AhnsS t\cs¯ k¶n-ln-X-cm-bn-cp-¶p. At¸mÄ ap¼p a{´n-bm-bn-cp¶ tImt§m-«n cma³ta-t\msâ A\-´nch\pw, ss{]h-äp- sk-{I-«-dn-bp-am-bn-cp¶ sI. am[-h-ta-t\m³ ssS¸p-sNbvX Hcp IS-emÊv cmL-h-ta-t\msâ t\sc \o«n-¡m-Wn-¨p. AXp I¿n hm§n-s¡mv At±lw ]d-bp-I-bmWv "F\n¡p ]cn-N-b-k-¼-¶-\mb Hcp ss{]häv sk{I-«dn Bh-iy-am-Wv. anÌÀ am[-h-ta-t\m³ ]cn-N-b-k-¼-¶-\m-sW-¶p-Å-Xp-sImv At±-ls¯ ss{]häv sk{I-«-dn-bm¡n \nb-an-¡p-¶-Xtà \Ã-Xv. In\m-¯n¡pw s\«q-cn\pw AXp k½-Xw-X-s¶-b-tÃ. am[-h-ta-t\ms\ {]kn-U³kn tImtf-PnÂ\n¶p Hgn-hm¡n Fsâ ss{]häv sk{I-«-dn-bm¡n tPmen sN¿p-hm³ Bh-iy-s¸-Sp-¶-XmWo I¯v. CXn Rms\m-¸n-S-t«m.' In\m-¯nbpw Rm\pw At\ym\yw H¶p t\m¡n. AXn R§-sf-´p-]-d-bp-hm-\m-Wv.
cmL-h-ta-t\m³ a{´n-bm-bm Fs¶ ss{]häv sk{I-«-dn-bm-¡p-sa¶m-bn-cp¶p R§Ä {]Xo-£n-¨n-cp-¶-Xv. At±lw a{´n-bm-b-Xn-\p-ti-j-asà B Imcy-s¯-¡p-dn¨p At±-l-¯n-t\mSv kwkm-cn-bv¡p-hm--s\m¡q F¶p IcpXn R§Ä Im¯n-cp-¶-Xm-Wv. AXn-\p-Ån am[-h-ta-t\m³ R§-tf-¡mÄ _lp-Zqcw bm{X-sNbvXv ss{]-häv sk{I-«-dn-bmbn tPmen-bn {]th-in-¡p-hm³ k¶-²-\mbn h¶n-cn-¡p-I-bm-Wv. cmL-h-ta-t\m³ IS-em-Ên H¸n-Sp-I-bpw, am[-h-ta-t\m³ At±-l-¯nsâ ss{]häv sk{I-«-dn-bmbn tPmen-bn {]th-in-¡p-Ibpw sNbvXp.
{Kmtam-²m-cWw
hn.-]n. \mcm-b-W³\-¼ymÀ, In\m¯n \mcm-b-W³, Fw.-]n.-Zm-tam-Z-c³ F¶n-hcpw Rm\pw Hcp Znhkw hn.-]n. \mcm-b-W³ \¼ym-cpsS ho«n kwkm-cn-¨p-sIm-n-cn-¡p-I-bm-bn-cp-¶p. At¸mÄ {io. \¼ymÀ {]Imiw Kh-¬-saânsâ Hcp ]pXnb ]²-Xn-sb-¡p-dn¨p R§-tfmSp
]d-ªp. Hmtcm PnÃ-bnepw {Kmtam-²m-c-W-{]-hÀ¯-\§Ä Bc-w`n-¡p-hm³ {]Im-i-¯n\p Hcp]²-Xn-bp-s¶pw AXn-s\-¡p-dn¨v almßmPnbpambn NÀ¨-sN-¿phm³ thn At±lw hmÀ²mbnte¡pt]mbn Xncn¨ph¶n-cn¡p-I-bm-sW¶pw B ]²-Xn-bv¡p-thn ae-_m-dn Xnc-sª-Sp-¡-s¸-«n-«pÅ Øew Xe-tÈ-cn-bm-sW-¶p-amWv At±lw ]d-ª-Xv. B {]hÀ¯-\-¯nsâ Npa-Xe GÂ]n-¡p-hm³ At±lw Dt±-in-¡p-¶Xv tIm¬{KÊv {]hÀ¯-I-sc-bm-sW¶pw B tPmen¡p Rm³ {ian-bv¡p-¶Xp \¶m-bn-cn-¡p-sa-¶p-w At±lw ]d-ªp. AXn-\p-thn Rm³ DSs\ \m«n-te¡p Xncn-bv¡-W-sa¶pw Ahn-sS-sN¶v th-s¸-«-hsc ImW-W-sa-¶p-am-bn-cp¶p- A-t±-l-¯nsâ \nÀt±-iw. In\m¯n \mcm-b-W-\pw, Rm\pw Xe-tÈ-cn¡p bm{X Xncn-¨p. Xe-tÈ-cn-bn ^À¡m-U-h-e-¸p-saâv Hm^o-k-dmbn \nb-an-t¡-Xp Bsc-bm-sW¶p in]mÀi-sN-¿p-hm³ Nne Bfp-Isf Kh¬saâp \nÀt±-in-¨n-cp-¶p. AhÀ Xe-tÈcn ap³kn-¸mÄ sNbÀam³, tImgn-t¡mSp ap³kn-¸mÄ sNbÀam³, Xe-tÈcn kºvI-e-IvSÀ, ae-_mÀ Unkv{Sn¡v t_mÀUv {]kn-U-v, kÀƳkv Hm^v C´ym-skm-sskän(`m-c-X-tk-hm-kw-Lw)-bpsS tImgn-t¡m-«pÅ sa¼À, tIc-f-kw-Øm\ tIm¬{K-Êp-I-½nän A²y-£³ F¶n-h-cm-bn-cp-¶p.
BKÌp hn¹-h-¯nsâ ^e-ambn \ne-hn-ep-m-bn-cp¶ tIm¬{KÊv Øm]-\-§-fnse sa¼ÀamÀ cmPn-sh-¨n-cp¶XpsImv Xe-tÈcn ap\n-kn-¸mÄ Iu¬knÂ, tImgn-t¡mSp ap³kn-¸mÄ Iu¬knÂ, ae-_mÀ Unkv{Sn-Ivt_mÀUv F¶n-hn-S-§-fn-seÃmw tIm¬{K-Êp-Im-c-Ãm-¯-h-cm-bn-cp¶p A[n-Im-c-¯n-en-cp-¶n-cp-¶-Xv. In\m-¯n-bpw, Rm\pw BZyw sN¶p-I-Xv Xe-tÈcn ap³kn-¸mÄ sNbÀam-s\-bm-bn-cp-¶p. A¶p B Øm\-¯p-m-bn-cp-¶Xv hnbmtKm Fs¶mcp am\y-\m-bn-cp-¶p. At±-l-¯n-t\mSp R§Ä sN¶p kwkm-cn-¨-t¸mÄ X\n¡p BcpsS t]cpw A`n-{]m-b-s¸-Sp-hm³ CÃm-Xn-cp-¶-Xp-sImv Bscbpw Xm³ A`n-{]m-b-s¸-Sp-¶n-söp Fgp-Xn-sh-¨n-cn-¡p-I-bm-sW¶pw B Fgp¯p At±lw t]mÌv sNbn-«n-sÃ-¶pw ]d-ªp. In\m¯n \mcm-b-W³ At±-l-hp-ambn Ipd-¨p-t\cw kwkm-cn-¨-Xn-s\-¯p-SÀ¶p At±lw Fgp-Xn-h-¨n-cp¶ B Fgp¯p hen-¨p-Io-dp-Ibpw Fsâ t]À \nÀ-t±-in-¨p-sImv asämcp Fgp-s¯-gpXn Ie-IvSÀ¡p t]mÌp sN¿p-hm³ R-§-sf-Xs¶ GÂ]n-¡p-Ibpw sNbvXp. Xe-tÈcn kºvIe-IvSdpw Fsâ t]cp A`n-{]m-b-s¸-Sm-sa¶p R§-tfmSp ]d-ªp.
tImgn-t¡m«p A¶p ap³kn-¸mÄ sNbÀam-\m-bn-cp-¶Xp ]n¶oSp tIc-f-K-h¬saânsâ AUz-t¡äv P\-d-em-bn-cp¶ sI.hn. kqcy-\m-cm-b-W-¿-cm-bn-cp-¶p. At±-l-¯n\p Fs¶ t\cs¯ \à ]cn-N-b-ap-m-bn-cp-¶-Xp-sImp Fsâ t]À ip]mÀi-sN-¿m-sa¶v hfsc kt´mj]qÀÆw Gäp. A¶p ae-_mÀ Unkv{Sn-Ivt_mÀUv {]kn-U-m-bn-cp-¶Xp D®-n¡-½p-km-tlºv Bbn-cp-¶p. At±-l-s¯-¡m-Wp-hm³ Rm³ He-h-t¡m-«pÅ At±-l-¯nsâ hk-Xn-bn t]mbn. At±-l-s¯bpw F\n-¡-\p-Iq-e-am-¡n-¯oÀ¡p-hm³ Ign-ªp.
A¶p sI.-]n.-kn.-kn. {]-kn-U-m-bn-cp-¶Xp sI. tIf-¸-\m-bn-cp-¶p. At±lw Fsâ t]ÀXs¶ ip]mÀi-sN-¿p-sa¶v Rm³ Icp-Xn. `mc-X-tk-hm-kwLw sa¼À Fs¶ kk-t´mjw kzoI-cn-¡p-Ibpw B tPm-en¡v Fs¶-¡mÄ tbmKy-\mb Hcm-fn-söp ]d-bp-Ibpw sNbvXp. FÃm-h-cp-tSbpw ip]mÀi-IÄ ]n¶o-sS-\n¡p ImWp-hm³ Hc-h-kcw e`n-¨p. At¸m-gmWp `mc-X-tk-hm-kwLw sa¼À Fs¶ ip]mÀi-sN-bvXn-«n-sÃ-¶p-am-{X-a-Ã, awK-em-]p-c-¯pÅ GtXm Hcp I½-¯n-s\-bmWp ip]mÀi-sN-bv-Xn-cp-¶-sX¶p a\-Ên-em-b-Xv. B I½-¯ns\ At±-l-a-ÃmsX aämcpw ip]mÀi-sN-bvXn-cp-¶--Xpan-Ã. aäp-Å-h-scÃmw Fsâ t]À ip]mÀi-sN-bvXn-cp-¶p. sI. tIf-¸sâ ip]mÀi-bnepw BZyw Fsâ t]cpw cm-aXv sI.-kn. \¼ym-cpsS t]cp-amWv Dm-bn-cp-¶-Xv. C{Xbpw Ign-ª-t¸mÄ In\m-¯n-bpw, Rm\pw a{Zm-kn-te¡p Xncn-¨p. Ahn-sS-sN¶v At\z-jn-¨-t¸mÄ R§Ä¡v a\-Ên-em-bXp thsdmcp t]cp-Im-cs\ \nb-an-¡p-hm³ Kh¬saâv Dt±-in-¡p-¶-Xm-bn-«mWv
In\m¯n cmL-h-ta-t\ms\ sN¶p ImWp-Ibpw ^À¡m-U-h-e-¸p-saâp]²Xn Xe-tÈ-cn-bn-emWp {]hÀ¯n-¡p-hm³ t]mIp-¶-sX-¦n AXns\ FXnÀ¡p-¶-h-cpsS t\XrXzw Xm\m-bn-cn¡pw hln-¡p-¶-sX¶p ]d-bp-Ibpw sNbvXp. tIm¬{KÊp Kh¬saânsâ Hcp Acp-a-]-²-Xnsb Hcp {]ap-J-tIm¬-{KÊv t\Xm-hp-Xs¶ FXnÀ¡p-sa-¶pÅ \ne DtZym-K-Øsâ \nb-a-\w-sImp Dm-Ip-sa¶p t_m²y-s¸« cmL-h-ta-t\m³ BZy-ap-m-bn-cp¶ t]cv ]«n-I-bnÂ\n¶p amäp-Ibpw Fsâ t]À AXn-\p-]-Icw tNÀ¡p-Ibpw sNbvXp. A§-s\-bmWp ae-_m-dnse BZys¯ ^À¡m-U-h-e-¸vsaâv Hm^o-k-dmbn Rm³ XetÈ-cn-bn \nb-an-X-\m-b-Xv.
]²Xn DZvLm-S\w
]²-Xn-bpsS DZvLm-S-\-¯n-\p-th {]hÀ¯-\-§Ä In\m-¯n-bpsS t\Xr-Xz-¯n Bcw-`n-¨p. A¶p {]Im-i-¯nsâ No^v ]mÀen-saâdn sk{I-«-dn-bm-bn-cp¶ sXs¶än hniz-\m-Y-\mWp B IÀ½w \nÀÆ-ln-¨-Xv. Xe-tÈcn \K-c-¯n As¶mcp atlm-Õ-h-¯nsâ {]Xo-Xn-bm-bn-cp-¶p. hniz-\m-Ysâ A¶s¯ {]kwKw B ]²-Xn-bnÂIqSn \m«p-ImÀ¡p t\Sm³ km²y-a-Ãm¯ H¶p-an-sö a«n-em-bn-cp¶p. Bfp-I-fpsS Bi-IÄ¡p AXn-cn-ÃmsX hf-cp-hm³ B {]kwKw klm-bn-¡p-Ibpw sNbvXn-cp-¶p.
B {]kw-Khpw ]cn-`m-j-s¸-Sp-¯n-bXp Rm\m-bn-cp-¶p. ]²-Xn-bn BsI A\p-h-Zn-¨n-cp¶ kwJy-IÄ tdmUp-IÄ sh«p-hm³ 50,000 cq]bpw InW-dp-IÄ Ipgn-¸n-¡p-hm³ 50,000 cq]-bp-am-bn-cp¶p. 500 cq-]-bn IqSp-X ]Ww Nne-h-gn-¡p-hm³ ]mSn-Ãm¯ hnth-N-\m-{Kmâp-IÄ sImmWv R§Ä Bfp-I-fpsS DÕm-l-t¯m-sSm¸w Hcp-hn-[-¯n \o§n-b-Xv. A§s\ Hcp ]²Xn {]tZ-i¯p BsI Nne-h-gn-¡p-hm-\p-m-bn-cp-¶Xv Hcp e£w cq]-am-{X-am-bn-cp-¶p. Xe-tÈcn ^À¡-bn C¶p-Im-Wp¶ {][m-\-s¸« {Kma-tdm-Up-I-fn-e-[n-Ihpw A¶p \nÀ½-¡-s¸-«-tXm, ]qÀ¯o-I-cn-¡-s¸-«tXm BWv. InW-dp-IÄ Ipgn-¸n-t¡-Xp Xe-tÈcn ^À¡sb kw_-Ôn¨p Hcp AXym-h-iy-amb Imcy-am-bn-cp-¶n-Ã. ]Ww [qÀ¯-Sn-¡p-hm³ am{Xta B ]²-Xn-sImp AhnsS {]tbm-P-\-s¸-Sp-I-bp-Åq.
AXp-hsc Hcp cmjv{Sob {]hÀ¯-I-\m-bn-cp¶ Rm³ At¸mÄ Hcp Kh¬saâp DtZym-K-Ø-\m-bn-cn-¡p-I-bm-Wv. Fs¶ A\p-Iqen-¡p-¶-hcpw {]Xn-Iq-en-¡p-¶-h-cp-ambn Xe-tÈcn ^À¡-bnse P\-§-en cp hn`m-K-¡m-cp-m-bn-cp-¶p. Hcp cmjv{Sob {]hÀ¯-I-s\¶ \ne-bn I½yq-Wn-Ìp-Im-cpw, tkmjy-en-Ìp-Imcpw F\n¡p FXn-cm-bn-cp¶p. tIm¬{K-Êp-Im-cn In\m¯n tIm¬{K-Êns\ FXnÀ¯n-cp-¶-h-scÃmw Fsâ FXn-cm-fn-I-fnÂs¸«n-cp-¶p. Xmeq¡v tIm¬{K-Êp-I-½n-än-bn A¯-c-¡mÀ¡p `qcn-]£w In«nb Hcp kµÀ`-¯n Ft¶mSp AhÀ¡p-m-bn-cp¶ hntcm-[-¯nsâ ^e-ambn ^À¡m-U-h-e-¸p-saâp ]²-Xn-Xs¶ Xe-tÈ-cn-bn ths¶p hbv¡-W-sa-¶p-t]mepw {]tabw ]mÊm-¡p-I-bp-m-bn.
am[-h-ta-t\m³
am[-h-ta-t\ms\ a{´n-bm-¡m-Xn-cp-¶-Xn Ima-cmPp {]Im-i-¯n\p am¸p-sIm-Sp-¯n-cp-¶nÃ. A-¡m-e-¯pv tIm¬{KÊv ePn-tÉ-¨À ]mÀ«n¡p sImÃw-tXmdpw t\Xm-hns\ sXc-sª-Sp-t¡--Xp-m-bn-cp-¶p. A§-s\-bpÅ Hcp Xnc-sª-Sp¸p h¶-t¸mÄ {]Im-i-¯n-s¶-Xn-cmbn Ima-cmPv Hcp \ne-]m-sS-Sp-¯p. Hma-´qÀcm-a-kzm-an-sd-UvVymsc {]Im-i-¯n-s\-Xn-cmbn Øm\mÀ°n-bmbn \nÀ¯n. At±lw hnP-bn-¡p-Ibpw sNbvXp. A§s\ {]Imiw a{´n-k` cmPn-h-bvt¡-n-h-¶p. Hma-´q-cp-m-¡nb a{´n-k-`-bn tImgn-¸p-d¯p am[-h-ta-t\m³ a{´n-bmbn h¶p. Ft¶m-Sp-m-bn-cp¶ FXnÀ¸nsâ cwKw Xe-tÈ-cn-bnÂ\n¶pw aZn-cm-in-bn-te¡p amdp-Ibpw sNbvXp.
ae-_m-dn A¶p Ie-IvSÀ Bbn-cp-¶Xv _u¨À F¶p t]cpÅ shÅ-¡m-c-\mb Hcp sF.-kn.-F-kv. Imc-\m-bn-cp-¶p. Xe-tÈ-cn-bn kº-I-e-IvSÀ Bbn-cp-¶Xp F¨v.-sI. amXyqkv F¶p t]cpÅ asämcp sF.-kn.-F-kv. shÅ-¡m-c-\pw. Fsâ tPmen Ie-IvS-dpsS t\cn-«pÅ \nb-{´-W-¯n-em-bn-cp-¶p-sh-¦nepw Xe-tÈcn kºvIe-IvS-dnÂ\n-¶m-bn-cp¶p \nÀt±-i-§Ä kzoI-cn-t¡-n-bn-cp-¶-Xv. B cp DtZym-K-Ø-·m-cnÂ\n¶pw Bh-iy-amb t{]mÕm-l-\-§fpw F\n¡p e`n-¨n-cp-¶p.
\m«p-Im-cpsS I½nän-IÄ kwL-Sn-¸n-¨p-sImp ]e tdmUp-\nÀ½mW {]hÀ¯-\-§fpw R§-tf-sä-Sp-¯p. FÃm {Kma-§-tfbpw {][m-\-s¸« tdmUp-I-fpambn _Ôn-¸n-¡p¶ tdmUp-IÄ R§-fp-m-¡n. tdmUp _Ô-§-fn-Ãm-Xn-cp¶ Hf-hn-ew, Fcp-h«n F¶o {Kma-§Ä¡p tdmUp _Ô-§-fp-m-¡p-I-tbm, ]qÀ¯n-bm-¡p-Itbm sNbvXp.
sNm¢n-bnÂ\n¶p Ihn-bq-cn IqsS \yqam-ln-bn-te¡p Hcp tdmUp-m-¡p-hm-\pÅ ]cn-{i-a§Ä R§-fm-cw-`n-¨p. B tdmUp KXm-K-X-hn-I-k-\-]-²-Xn-bn-epÄs¸-Sp-¯p-¶-Imcyw A¶p sslth F³©n-\o-b-dm-bn-cp¶ ]n.-Sn. \mcm-b-W³\m-bÀ A\p-Iq-en-¨n-cp¶n-Ã. AXp-sImp B tdmUn\pw ]c-am-h[n hnth-N-\m-k-lm-b-[-\-amb Aªq-dp-cq-]m-hoXw aq¶p tdmUp-\nÀ½mW I½n-än-IÄ¡p klm-b-[\w \ÂIn-s¡m-mWv sNm¢n-þ-s]-cn-§mSn tdmUnsâ \nÀ½mWw ]qÀ¯n-
bm-¡n-b-Xv. {^©p C´y-bpsS kzmX-{´y-k-ac-Im-e¯p Cu tdmUv C´ym-K-h¬-saâv Gsä-Sp-¡p-Ibpw s]cn-§m-Sn-bn sdbnÂth-sse-\ns\ adn-I-S-¡p-¶n-S¯p Hcp sehÂt{Im-knwKv Dm-¡p-Ibpw sNbvXn-«p-v. At¸m-tg¡v Rm³ ]mÀe-saâv sa¼-dmbn Xocp-Ibpw A¶p sslth F³©n-\o-b-dm-bn-cp¶ ]n.-Sn. \mcm-b-W³\m-bÀ UÂln-bn Hcp-tZym-K-Ø-\mbn Xocp-Ibpw sNbvXn-cp-¶p. B tdmUnsâ Imcy-¯n DÕm-l-]qÀÆw {]hÀ¯n-¨p-sIm-n-cp¶ ]mÀe-saâv sa¼À ap¼p Xe-tÈ-cn-bn ^À¡m-U-h-e-¸vsaâp B^o-k-dm-bn-cp¶ Rm\m-sW¶v At±lw Adn-ªn-cp-¶n-Ã.
UÂln-bnse tIm¬Ìn-Ìyq-j³ ¢ºnÂsh¨p Hcp Znhkw X½n Ip-ap-«n. sNm¢n-þ-s]-cn-§mSn tdmUp-Im-cy-s¯-¡p-dn¨p kw`m-jWw \S-¯n-b-t¸m-gmWv At±-l-¯n-¶Xp a\-Ên-em-b-Xv. AXp-hsc At±-l-¯n-\p-m-bn-cp¶ HmÀ½ ]mÀe-saân sa¼-dm-bn-cn¡p¶ Zmtam-Z-c³ Fw.-]n. Zmtam-Z-c-\m-sW-¶m-bn-cp-¶p.
1946-- -sk-]vXw-_À amk-¯n-emWp Rm³ ^À¡m-U-h-e-¸vsaâv Hm^o-k-dpsS DtZym-K-¯n {]th-in-¨-Xv. kzmX{´y ]nd-hn-¡pÅ t]äp-t\m-hnsâ Ime-L-«-am-bn-cp¶p AsX¶p {]tXyIw ]d-tb--Xn-Ã-tÃm. 1947 BK-Ìp-amkw 14-þmwXobXn C´y-bpsStaepÅ {_n«ojv ta[m-hnXzw Ah-km-\n-¡p-Ibpw BKÌv 15-þmw XobXn C´y kzX-{´-bm-hp-Ibpw sNbvXp. UÂln-bn 14-þmw XobXn cm{Xn kt½-fn¨ `c-W-L-S-\m -\nÀ½mW kan-Xn-bn ]Þnäv Ph-lÀemÂs\lvdp C´y-bpsS tZio-b-]-Xm-I-bmbn AwKo-I-cn-¡-s¸« {XnhÀ®]XmI DbÀ¯n. AtXmsS GXm-n-cp-¶q-dp -sIm-Ã-§-tfmfw {_n«o-jp--km-{am-Py-¯n ASn-a-Xz-a-\p-`-hn-¨p-sIm-n-cn-¡p¶ C´y kzX-{´-am-hp-Ibpw sNbvXp.
B kµÀ`-¯n Bfp-I-fm-cp-a-dn-bmsX Xe-tÈ-cn-bn Hcp NS§p \S-¡p-¶p-m-bn-cp-¶p. kzmX{´y]nd-hnsb kzmKXw sN¿p-hm³ Fkv.-sI. s]mä-¡mSv 14-þmw Xob-Xn-Xs¶ XetÈ-cn-bn-se¯n Fsâ-IqsS ho«n Xma-kn-¡p-I-bm-bn-cp-¶p. {_n«o-jp-km-{am-Py-¯nsâ Ncn-{X-¯n Xe-tÈ-cn-s¡mcp Øm\-ap-v. tIc-f-¡-c-bn {_n«o-jp-ImÀ BZy-ambn Xmh-f-ap-d-¸n-¨-X-hn-sS-bm-Wv. A-hn-sS-bn¶pw ImWp¶ tIm« {_n«o-jp-Im-cp-m-¡n-b-Xp-am-Wv. {_n«o-jp-ImÀ Ah-km-\-ambn C´y-hn-«p-t]m-Ip¶ kµÀ`w BtLm-jn-t¡--X-hn-sS-sh-¨m-sW¶p s]mä¡m-«pw, Rm\pw X½n IqSn-bm-tem-Nn¨p Xocp-am-\n-¨p. cm{Xn ]Xn-s\m-¶-p-a-Wn¡p R§Ä ho«nÂ\n¶p ]pd-¯n-d§n Xe-tÈ-cn-tIm-«-bn-te¡p \S-¶p. Xe-tÈcn t]meo-kp-tÌ-j\p ap¼n-se--¯n-b-t¸mÄ R§Ä Ipd-¨p-t\cw t]meo-kv-tÌ-js\ t\m¡n \n¶p. AXp-hsc t]meokp-tÌ-jsâ Nph-cn hc-¨p-h-¨n-cp¶ bqWn-b³ PmIv ({_n-«o-jp-km-{am-Py-¯nsâ sImSn) t]meo-kp-ImÀ aXn-en Ibdn Npc-n-am-bv¡p-I-bm-Wv. "C´y-bpsS kzmX-{´y-e-_v[n-bn Gä-hp-a-[nIw »o¨m-bn-«p-Å-h-cm-sc-¶-X-dn-bmtam?' s]mä-¡m-«nsâ tNmZy-am-W-Xv. "CÃ' F¶p Rm³ adp-]Sn ]d-ªp. "F¶m H¶v C´ybnse t]meo-kp-Imcpw cp C´y-bnse I½yq-Wn-Ìp-Im-cp-am-Wv F¶-t±lw ]d-ªp. i-cn-bm-W-sX-s¶-\n¡p tXm¶p-Ibpw sNbvXp. cp-Iq-«cpw C´y-bpsS kzmX{´yw A{X s]s«¶p h¶p-tN-cp-sa¶v Icp-Xn-b-h-cm-bn-cp-¶n-Ã.
R§Ä \S¶v tIm«-bpsS Nph-«n-se-¯n. sasà tImWn-IÄ Ibdn, {_n«ojp ]S-bm-fn-I-fpsS cp {]Xn-cq-]-§Ä Imh-en-cn-¡p¶ {]th-i-\ -I-hm-S-¯n-se-¯n. aWn ]{´-n-t¶m-S-Sp-¡p-bm-Wv. R§-f-hn-sS-\n-¶p. {]im-´-hpw, Ncn-{X-{]-kn-²-hp-amb Hcp kµÀ`w! Ccp-¶qtdmf-am-p-IÄ ASn-a-Xz-a-\p-`-hn¨ `mcXw Cu \nan-j-¯n kzX-{´-am-Ip-hm³ t]mIp-I-bmWv. B kµÀ`w BtLm-jn-¡p-hm³ ]änb Øe-amWv R§-f-Xn-\p-thn Xnc-sª-Sp-¯n-cn-¡p-¶-Xv. B Øe-¯nsâ {]m[m-\y-s¯-¡p-dn¨p R-§-fm-tcmSpw H¶pw ann-bn-cp-¶n-Ã. AXp-sImp AhnsS R§Ä cp-t]-c-ÃmsX aäm-cp-ap-m-bn-cp-¶-Xp-anÃ. aWn ]{´--Sn-¨--t¸mÄ Rm³ hnfn-¨p-]-d-ªp. "kzX-{´-C-´y-bnse ]ucm, Rm\-§sb A`n-hmZyw sN¿p-¶p.' s]mä-¡mSv D¯cw \ÂIn. "kzX-{´- C-´y-bnse ]ucm Rm\-§sb A`n-hmZyw sN¿p-¶p.' Ncn-{X-{]-kn-²-amb B aplqÀ¯w R§-fm-tLm-jn-¨-X-§-s\-bm-Wv.
BKÌp ]Xn-\©p s]m«n--hn-SÀ¶p. Hcp Po-¸n hr£-§-fpsS ssXI-fp-ambn R§Ä ^À¡ apgp-h³ Npän-\-S-¶p. A¶s¯ Fsâ km{amPyw Xe-tÈcn ^À¡-bm-bn-cp-¶p. Ahn-sS-bpÅ {][m-\-s¸« Øe-§-fn-seÃmw R§Ä sX§n³ssX-bvI-fpw, hr£-sN-Sn-Ifpw \«p-\-\-¨p. Ah-bn cs®w Ct¸mgpw Xe-bp-bÀ¯n \n¡p-¶p-v. [À½-S¯p IqS-¡-S-hp-]m-e-¯n-\-Sp¯p Hcp sX§pw, sNm¢n-bn ta¡p-¶n Hcp Ac-bm hr£hpw Ah-bpsS {]mbw C´y³ kzmX-{´y-¯nsâ {]mb-am-sW¶p ]d-bmw. kzmX-{´y-Zn-\-¯n ]mSp-hm³thn s]mä-¡mSv Hcp ]Xm-I-Km\w Fgp-Xn-bn-cp-¶p.
"{]im´ tim`-\-ap-b-cpI hm\nÂþ
kzX{´ `mc-X--`mKy ]Xm-tIþ
Ccp-¶q-äm-p-IÄ Icn-\n-g hogv¯n-bþ
`c-W-sam-gn-ªn-¶n-cp-f-I-ep-¶p.'
F¶p XpS-§p¶ B ]Xm-Im-Km\w ^À¡m-U-h-e-¸vsaâv Hm^o-k-dpsS t]cn Rm³ A¨Sn¸n¨v hnX-cWw sN¿n-¨n-cp-¶p. B ]Xm-I-Km\w ]mSn-s¡m-mWp Xe-tÈcn ^À¡m-bn kzmX-{´y-Zn\w BtLm-jn-¡-s¸-«-Xv. A¶p sshIp-t¶cw Xe-tÈcn ssaXm-\n-bn AXn-Kw-`o-c-amb Hcp tbmKw tNÀ¶n-cp-¶p. A§ns\ C´y-bpsS aäp {]tZ-i-§-tfm-sSm¸w X-e-tÈ-cn-bpw kzmX-{´y-Zn\w BtLm-jn-¨p.
A¶p a{Zm-Ên apJy-a-{´n-bm-bn-cp-¶Xv Hma-´qÀ cma-kzman sdUvVymÀ Bbn-cp-¶p. At±-l-hpw, At±-l-¯nsâ a{´n-k-`-bn-ew-K-am-bn-cp¶ tImgn-¸p-d¯p am[-h-ta-t\m\pw B Ime¯p Xe-tÈ-cn-bn hcn-Ibpw {]kw-Kn-¡p-Ibpw sNbvXn-«p-v.
Xe-tÈ-cn-bnÂsh¨p A-Jn-te´ym {]ZÀi\w \S-¯-W-sa-¶pÅ Hcm-{Klw R§-fn NneÀ¡p-m-bn. Xe-tÈ-cn-P-K-¶m-Y-t£-{X-¯nse DÕ-h-t¯m-S-\p-_-Ôn¨v AXp \S-¯p-¶-Xm-bn-cn¡pw \Ã-sX¶ A-`n-{]m-b-hp-ap-m-bn-cp-¶p. AXn-\p-thn In\m¯n \mcm-b-W³ {]kn-U-pw, Rm³ sk{I-«-dn-bp-ambn Hcp I½nän cq]o-I-cn-¡-s¸-«p. Xe-tÈ-cn-bnse ^À¡m-U-h-e-¸p-saâp hIp-¸nsâ B`n-ap-Jy¯n-em-bn-cp¶p FIvkn-_n-j³ \S-¯p-hm-\pÅ Hcp-¡§Ä \S-¶p-sIm-n-cp-¶-Xv. Hc-Jn-te´ym t\Xm-hn-s\-s¡mp {]ZÀi\w DZvLm-S\w sN¿n-¸n-¡-W-sa-¶m-bn-cp¶p R§-fpsS Dt±-iyw. AXn-\p-thn I½nän Fs¶ UÂln-bn-te¡-b-¨p. Fsâ H¶m-as¯ UÂln-k-µÀi-\-am-bn-cp¶p AXv. BÀ¡p-th-W-sa-¦nepw ImWn-¡p-hm³ sI. tIf-¸sâ Hsc-gp¯p Fsâ I¿n-ep-m-bn-cp-¶p.
kmap-Zm-bn-I- I-em]w ]n¨n-¨o-´nb UÂln-bn-emWp Rm\¶p sN¶n-d-§n-b-Xv. ]m¡n-Øm-\n \n¶p A-`-bmÀ°n-I-fmbn UÂln-bn-te¡p HmSn-h-¶-hÀ Ahn-S-hnsS sIm-¨p-Iq-c-IÄsI«n Xma-kn-¡p¶ Ime-am-bn-cp¶p AXv. kzX-{´ C´y-bpsS BZys¯ KhÀ®À P\-d F¶ \ne-bn auv _mä¬ {]`phmbn-cp¶p A¶p ssh{ko-K lukn (C-¶Xp cmjv{S-]Xn `h-\-amWv)Xma-kn-¨n-cp-¶-Xv. ]Þnäv Ph-lÀemÂs\lvdp C´y-bpsS BZys¯ {][m-\-a-{´nbpw kÀZmÀ hÃ-`mbv]t«Â sU]yq«n {][m-\-a-{´n-bp-am-bn-cp-¶p.
KmÔn-Pn-bpsS {]mÀ°-\m-tbm-K-§-fnÂ
almßmKmÔn A¶p UÂ-ln-bnse kmap-Zm-bnI Iem-]-§Ä Ah-km-\n-¸n-¡p-hm³thn UÂln-bn-se-¯n-bn-cp-¶p. At±lw Xma-kn¡p-¶Xp _nÀf-bpsS AXn-Yn-bmbn AÂ-_p-JÀ¡v tdmUn-epÅ _nÀfm-`-h-\-¯n-em-bn-cp-¶p.
UÂln-bn-se-¯n-b-Xn-\p-tijw At±-l-¯nsâ {]mÀ°-\m-tbm
K-§fn Rm³ kw_-Ôn-¨n-«p-v. B Ime-L-«-¯n UÂln-bn-epÅ ]e t\Xm-¡-·m-scbpw Rm³ sN¶p In-«p-v. _m_p cmtP-{µ-{]-kmZv A¶p s\lvdp-hnsâ a{´n-k-`-bn Irjn-`-£y-Im-cy-a-{´n-bm-bn-cp-¶p. ap¼v tIc-f-¯n tIm¬{KÊv AUvtlm¡v I½nän {]kn-U-m-bn-cp¶ \µv-tIm-fn-bÀ A¶p At±-l-¯nsâ sk{I-«-dn-bm-bn-cp-¶p. At±lw hgn-bm-bn- cm-P³ _m_p-hns\ kao-]n-¨-t¸mÄ At±lw _À½-bpsS kzmX-{´y-Zn\w {]am-Wn¨p kzX-{´- C-´y-bpsS {]Xn-\n-[n-bmbn _À½-bn-tebv¡p t]mIp-hm-\p--t±-in-¡p-¶-Xp-sImp Xe-tÈ-cn-¡p- h-cm-s\m-¡p-I-bn-söp ]d-ªp. asämcp tI{µ-a-{´n-bm-bn-cp¶ dm^n Al-½Zv InUvhmbnsb kao-]n-¨-t¸mÄ At±-l-¯n\p Nne sshj-ay-§Ä DÅ-Xmbn Ft¶mSp ]d-ªp. HSp-hn A¶p tIm¬{K-Ên-sâ P\-d sk{I-«-dn-bm-bn-cp¶ i¦À dmhp-hns\ ]n.-]n. e£va-W³ (A-t±lw A¶v F.-sF.-kn.-kn. B^o-kn tPmen-sN-¿p-I-bm-bn-cp-¶p)aptJ\ kao-]n-¡p-Ibpw At±lw Xe-tÈ-cn-h¶v FIvkn-_n-j³ DZvLm-S\w sN¿m-sa¶v k½-Xn-¡p-Ibpw sNbvXp.
At¸m-tg¡p alm-ßm-KmÔn D]-hm-k-am-cw-`n¨p Ign-ªn-cp-¶p. _nÀfm-`-h-\-¯nse Hcp apdn-bn InS-¶p-sImv At±lw D]-hm-k-a-\p-jvTn-¡p-t¼mÄ auv_m-ä¬{]-`p-hpw, {]`zn-bpw, ]Þnäv Ph-lÀemÂs\-lvdphpw Ahn-sS-sN¶v At±-ls¯ ImWp-¶Xpw At±-l-hp-ambn kw`m-jWw \S-¯p¶Xpw then¡p ]pd-¯p-\n¶v Rm³ ImWp-Ibpw sNbvXn-«p-v. AXn-\n-S-bn kÀZmÀ hÃ-`mbv ]t«Â t_mws_-bnÂ\n¶p UÂln¡p ]d-¶p-h-cn-Ibpw KmÔn-bpsS Bh-iy-§Ä AwKo-I-cn-¨p-sIm-Sp-¡p-Ibpw sNbvXp. AXn-s\-¯p-SÀ¶p KmÔnPn Xsâ D]-hm-k-a-h-km-\n-¸n-¨p. A[nIw \mfp-IÄ Ign-bp-¶-Xn-\p-ap¼v {]mÀ°-\m-tbm-K-¯nÂsh¨v KmÔn-Pnsb A]-I-S-s¸-Sp-¯p-hm-\pÅ Hcp ]cn-{iaw \S-¶n-cp-¶p. an¡-hmdpw Znh-k-§-fn {]mÀ°-\m-tbm-K-¯n kw_-Ôn¡p-hm³thn Rm³ A¡m-e¯v _nÀf-bpsS `h-\-¯n t]mIm-dp-m-bn-cp-¶p. P\p-hcn Ccp-]-¯n-tb-gmw-Xo-bXn UÂln-bnÂ\n¶p Rm³ \m«n-te¡p aS-¡-bm-{X-bm-cw-`n-¡pbpw sNbvXp.
P\p-hcn ap¸-Xmw-Xo-bXn a{Zm-ÊnÂ\n¶p \m«n-te¡p Rm³ Xoh-n-bm{X XpS-cp-I-bm-bn-cp-¶p. Xohn CutdmUn F-¯n-b-t¸mÄ alm-ßm-Km-Ônsb Np«-phn-«mÀ(alm-ßm-Km-Ônsb shSn-sh-¨p-sIm-¶p) F¶p DtZz-K-]qÀÆw hnfn-¨p-]-d-ªp-sImv Bfp-IÄ Iq«w-Iq-«-ambn tÌj-\n At§m-«pw, Ct§m«pw HmSn-\-S-¡p-I-bm-bn-cp-¶p. alm-ßm-Km-Ônsb Btcm shSn-sh-¨p-sIm-¶p-sh-¶pÅ hnh-c-am-bn-cp¶p At¸mÄ Cutdm-Un-se-¯n-b-Xv. Cutdm-Up-hn« hn t]m¯-¶q-sc-¯n-b-t¸mÄ alm-ßm-KmÔnsb shSn-sh-¨p-sIm-¶p-sh-¶pÅ hmÀ¯bv¡p IqSp-X Ønco-I-cWw In«n. hn sjmÀ®q-cn-se-¯n-b--t¸mÄ A¶p hn-I-sfm¶pw HmtS--Xn-sö IÂ]-\bpw h¶p-tNÀ¶p. Ime¯p F«p-a-Wn-¡mWp hn sjmÀ®q-cn-se-¯n-b-Xv. sshIp-t¶cw Bdp-a-Wn¡p-tijw am{Xta hn Ahn-sS-\n¶p hnSp-I-bp-Åq-sh¶p a\-Ên-em-bn. alm-ßm-Km-Ônsb shSn-sh-¨p-sIm-¶-Xn \m«p-ImÀ¡pÅ {]Xn-tj-[hpw A\p-tim-N-\hpw tcJ-s¸-Sp-¯p-hm³thn sjmÀ®q-cn `mc-X-¸p-g-bpsS Xoc¯p Hcp A\p-tim-N-\-tbmKw tNÀ¶p.
t]mn-t¨-cn-bnÂ-\n¶p \m«n-te¡p Xncn-¨p-t]m-Ip-I-bm-bn-cp¶ sF.-sI. Ipam-c³ Cutdm-UnÂsh¨p R§-fpsS hn-bn Ib-dn-bn-cp-¶p. At±-l-hpw, Rm\pw `mc-X-¸p-g-bpsS aWÂ-¸p-d-¯p-Iq-Snb A\p-tim-N\tbmK-¯n ]s¦-Sp-¯p. Bdp-a-Wn¡p hn sjmÀ®q-cnÂ\n¶p ]pd-s¸-Sp-Ibpw cm{Xn ]{´--c-a-Wn-¡p-tijw Xe-tÈ-cn-bn-se-¯n-t¨-cp-Ibpw sNbvXp. A¶p F\n¡p ho«n t]mIp-hm-s\m-¯n-Ã. sdbnÂth-tÌ-j-\-Sp-¯pmbn-cp¶ Hcp kvt\ln-Xsâ Xma-k-Ø-e-¯p-t]mbn Rm\¶p Xma-kn-¨p. ]ns¶ Ipd¨p Znh-k-§Ä alm-ßm-Km-Ôn-Pn-bpsS cà-km-£n-Xz-s¯-¡p-dn-¨pÅ {]kvXm-h-\-I-fpw, {]`m-j-W-§-fpw, A\p-tim-N-\-tbm-K-§fpw Xs¶-bm-bn-cp-¶p. \mYp-dmw-hn-\m-b-I-tKmZvsk F¶ Hcp lnµp-hmWp {]mÀ°-\m-tbm-K-¯n-te¡p cp s]¬Ip-«n-I-fpsS tXmfn ssI¿p-ambn \S-¶p-h¶v alm-ß-Pnsb shSn-sh-¨p-sIm-¶-Xv. \mep-Zn-h-kw-IqSn Rm³ UÂln-bn X§n-bn-cp-¶p-sh-¦n B kµÀ`-¯n Rm³ UÂln-bm-em-Ip-am-bn-cp-¶p.
Xe-tÈcn {]ZÀi\w
alm-ß-PnbpsS tZl-hn-tbmKw {io. i¦Àdm-hp-tZ-hnsâ Xe-tÈcn bm{Xsb {]Xn-Iq-e-ambn _m[n-¡p-tam-sb¶p R§Ä `b-s¸-«n-cp-¶p. B ]cn-]mSn At±lw d±p-sN-¿m-Xn-cn-¡p-hm³ R§Ä \nc-´cw {]hÀ¯n-¡p-Ibpw sNbvXp-sIm-n-cp-¶p. HSphn At±lw Xe-tÈ-cn-bn-se-¯p-I-bpw, AXn-cm-hnse PK-¶m-Y-t£-{X-]-cn-k-c-¯n kÖ-am-¡n-bn-cp¶ AJn-te´ym ImÀjn-I-þ-hy-h-kmb {]ZÀi\w DZvLm-\Sw sN¿p-Ibpw sNbvXp. DZvLm-S\w Ign-ª-bp-Ss\ At±-ls¯ Imdn tImb-¼-¯qÀ¡p sImp-t]m-Ip-Ibpw Ahn-sS-\n¶p hnam-\-¯n UÂln-bn-te¡p At±lw ]d-¡p-I-bp-amWp sNbvX-Xv. Xe-tÈ-cn-bnÂsh¨p 1948-þ-s^-{_p-hcn amk-¯n \S-¯nb B AJn-te´ym {]ZÀi\w h¼n¨ Hcp hnP-b-am-bn-cp-¶p. kwKo-X-I-t¨-cn-I-fn-epw, Iem-]-cn-]m-Sn-I-fnepw ]s¦-Sp-¯-h-cn {ioa-Xn-amÀ Fw.-F-Êv. kpº-e-£van, F³.-kn. hk-´-tIm-In-ew, tla-am-en-\n, Iaem e£va-W³ Xp-S-§n-b-hc-pw kp{]-kn² \mS-I-I-¼-\n-Ifpw aäp-apÄs¸-«n-cp-¶p.
Fsâ hn-hmlw
B Ime-L-«-¯n-emWp Rm³ hn-hm-ln-X-\m-b-Xv. alm-ßm-Km-Ôn-bpsS \ncym-W-¯nsâ Icn-\n-g ]SÀ¶p-]n-Sn¨ B Ime-L-«-¯n DÕm-l-]qÀÆ-amb Hcp hnhm-l-¯n\v Rm³ k¶-²-\m-bn-cp-¶n-Ã. hnhmlw kw_-Ôn¨ kZybpw Rm³ ths¶phbv¡p-I-bmWv sNbvX-Xv. cp Imdp-I-fn sImÅp¶ Bfp-IÄ am{Xsa hnhm-l-]mÀ«n-bn Dm-bn-cp-¶p-Åq. Gähpw efn-X-amb NS-§p-I-tfm-Sp-IqSn Ipamcn F.hn. eoesb Rm³ hnhmlw Ign-¨p. Ah-cn-t¸mÄ F.-hn. eoem-Zm-tam-Z-c³ F¶ t]cn Hcp Kh¬saâp sslkvIq-fn {][m\ A²ym-]n-I-bmbn {]hÀ¯n-¨p-sIm-n-cn-¡p-I-bm-Wv.
hnhmlw Ign-ª-Xn-\p-tijw Rm\pw `mcybpw IqSn I\ym-Ip-am-cn-bn-temfw Hcp ]cy-S-\-k-©mcw \S-¯n-bn-cp-¶p. Xe-tÈ-cn-bnÂ-\n¶v a{Zm-Ên-te-¡m-WmZyw R-§Ä t]mb-Xv. a{Zm-Ên A¶p ]Þnäv Ph-lÀemÂs\lvdp Hcp kµÀi\w \S-¯p-I-bm-bn-cp-¶p. a{ZmÊv Akw-»n-bn cmPtKm]m-em-Nm-cn-bpsS Hcp t^mt«m At±lw A\m-Ñm-Z\w sNbvXn-cp-¶p. {io. Fw.-]n. Zmtam-Z-c³ A¶p Fw.-FÂ.-F. Bbn-cp-¶-Xp-sImp R-§Ä¡p B tbmK-¯n kw_-Ôn-¡p-hm\pw Fsâ
`mcybv¡p BZy-ambn ]Þnäv Ph-lÀem s\lvdp-hns\ ASp-¯p-\n¶p ImWp-hm\pw At¸mÄ Ah-kcw In«n. a{Zm-ÊnÂ\n¶p Xoh-n-amÀ¤w R§Ä Xncp-h-\-´-]p-c-¯n¶p t]mhp-Ibpw Ahn-sS-\n¶p _Ên I\ym-Ip-am-cn¡v bm{X Xncn-¡p-I-bp-amWv sNbvX-Xv. Hcp Znhkw I\ym-Ip-am-cn-bn Xma-kn-¡p-Ibpw I\ym-Ip-am-cn-bnse kqtcym-Z-b-hpw, kqcym-kvX-a-\hpw ImWp-Ibpw sNbvXp.
R§sf cp-t]sc kw_-Ôn¨pw I\ym-Ip-am-cn-bnse R§-fpsS BZys¯ kµÀi-\-am-bn-cp¶p AXv. AXn-\p-ap¼p Rm³ \mKÀtIm-hnÂhsc t]mbn-cp-¶p-sh-¦nepw I\ym-Ip-am-cn-bnse¯phm³ A¶p km[n-¨n-cp-¶n-Ã. Fsâ `mcy-bv¡m-sW-¦n I\ym-Ip-am-cn-bpw, Xncp-h-\-´-]p-c-hpw, sImÃ-hpw, Be-¸p-gbpw FdWm-Ip-f-hpw, Xr-Èqcpw FÃmw ]pXnb Øe-§-fp-am-bn-cp-¶p. A§ns\ kpZoÀL-amb Hcp bm{X-bv¡p-tijw Xe-tÈ-cn-bn R§Ä Xncn-s¨-¯n.
]cn-bmcw km\-nt«m-dnbw
A¶s¯ a{ZmÊv KhÀ®-dm-bn-cp¶ kÀ BÀ¨n t_mÀUv ss\bpsS `mcy-bmb teUnss\ ]cn-bmcw km\nt«mdnbw DZvLm-S\w sN¿p-hm³thn ]nsä-Zn-hkw ]cn-bm-c-t¯bv¡p t]mIp-¶p-m-bn-cp-¶p. £Ww In«n-b-X-\p-k-cn¨v In\m¯n \mcm-b-W\pw Rm\pw ]ntä-Zn-hkw ]cn-bm-c¯p t]mhp-Ibpw sNbvXp.
Rm³ ^À¡m-Uhe¸p-saâv B^o-k-dm-bn-cn-¡p-t¼mÄ cp-X-hW s{Sbn-\nw-Kn\p-thn Xan-gv\m-«n t]mbn-cp-¶p. BZys¯ XhW Xangv\m«n a[p-c -Pn-Ã-bn-epÅ KmÔn-{Km-an-em-bn-cp¶p s{Sbn-\nw-Kv. ap¼v a²y-{]-tZ-inse Hcp a{´n-bpw, ]n¶oSv ¹m\nKv I½o-j³ AwK-hp-am-bn-cp¶ {io. AÀ.sI ]«o A¶v R-§-fpsS Iym¼n kw_-Ôn-¨n-cp-¶p. B Iym¼nÂ-sh-¨mWv A¶v C´y-bpsS U]yq«n {][m-\-a-{´n-bm-bn-cp¶ kÀ-ZmÀ hÃ-`m-bv]-t«-ensâ \ncym-W-hmÀ¯ Rm³ tI«Xv. asämcp XhW a[p-c -Pn-Ã-bn-ÂX-s¶-bpÅ KmÔn-\n-tI-X-\-¯nepw Rm³ s{Sbn-\nw-Kn\p t]mbn-cp-¶p.
tUmIvSÀ Kpcp-]mZw Xe-tÈ-cn-bnÂ
a{ZmÊv Kh¬sa³-dnse hnZym-`ym-k-a-{´n-bm-bn-cp¶ tImgn-¸p-d¯p am[-h-ta-t\m-\pw, In\m¯n tIm¬{KÊpw X½n Hcp ioX-k-acw
\S-¶p-sIm-n-cn-¡p-I-bm-bn-cp-¶p. {io am[-h-ta-t\m-sâ Øm\mÀ°n-Xzs¯ In\m¯n tIm¬{K-Êp-ImÀ FXnÀ¯n-cp-¶p-sh¶pw AhÀ cmLhta-t\ms\ ]n´m-§n-bn-cp-¶p-sh¶pw t\cs¯ ]dªn-cp-¶p-htÃm. B hntcm[w am[h-ta-t\m³ h¨n-cn-¡p-I-bm-bn-cp-¶p. Kh¬aâp-tZym-K-Ø-\m-bn-cp-¶p-sh-¦nepw In\m¯n tIm¬{K-Ênse Hcp {]-[m-\n-bmbn-cp¶p Rm³. Fs¶ tPmen--bnÂ\n¶p ]pd-´-Åp-I-sb-¶Xv am[-h-ta-t\m³ {Kq¸nsâ {][m-\-s¸« Bh-iy-§-fn-sem-¶m-bn-¯oÀ¶p. B Ime-L-«-¯n ^À¡m-U-h-e-¸vsaâv hIp-¸nsâ Npa-Xe a{ZmÊv Kh¬saân hln-¨n-cp-¶Xv tUm: Kpcp-]mZw Fs¶mcp a{´n-bm-bn-cp-¶p. Xe-tÈcn ^À¡-bpsS {]hÀ¯-\-§Ä ]cn-tim-[n-¡p-hm³ thn At±lw Xe-tÈ-cn-bn h¶p.
Xe-tÈ-cn-bn-se-¯n-b-Xp-ap-X Ahn-sS-\n¶p ]ncn-ªp-t]m-Ip-¶-Xp-hsc At±lw hfsc {Iqc-am-bn-«m-sW-t¶mSp s]cp-am-dn-b-Xv. Rm³ B ^À¡-bn sNbvXn-«pÅ \à Imcy-§-sfm-¶pw-Xs¶ At±-ls¯ kwXr-]vX-\m-¡n-bn-Ã. At±-l-¯nsâ IqsS am[-h-ta-t\m³ tIm¬{K-Ênse {][m-\n-I-sfÃmw Dm-hp-Ibpw sNbvXn-cp-¶p. a{´n Xncn-¨p-t]m-b-Xn-\p-tijw Fsâ t]cn aq¶p NmÀÖp-IÄ Dm¡n At±-l-a-b-¡p-Ibpw Ahbv¡p Fsâ hni-Zo-I-c-W-§-fm-h-iy-s¸-Sp-Ibpw sNbvXp. NmÀÖp-I-fn-sem¶p apÉo-§Ä¡p-thn Rm³ H¶pw sN¿p-¶n-söpw asäm¶p lcn-P-\-§Ä¡p-thn H¶pw sN¿p-¶n-söpw aq¶ma-t¯Xp Rm³ cmjv{Sob Imcy-§-fn {]hÀ¯n-¡p-s¶-¶p-am-bn-cp-¶p. NmÀÖp-IÄ¡p Rm³ sImSp¯ adp-]-Sn-bn lcn-P-\-§-sfm-gn¨v {]tXyI kap-Zm-b§Ä¡p-thn Fs´-¦nepw sN¿p-hm³ Ft¶m-Sm-h-iy-s¸-«n-«n-söpw Rm\p-m-¡nb I½n-än-I-fn apÉow-§Ä¡p {]mXn-\n[yw CsÃ-¶mWp kqN-\-sb¦n AXp hfsc sX-äm-sW¶pw Rm\p-m-¡nb FÃm I½än-I-fnepw apÉow-§Ä¡p {]mXn-\n[yw Ds¶pw lcn-P-\-§sf kw_-Ôn-¨m-sW-¦n Xe-tÈcn ^À¡-bn Ah-cpsS AwK-kwJy hfsc Ipd-hm-sW¶pw Xe-tÈcn-bn A©p InW-dp-IÄ Ipgn-¸n-¨n-«p-Å-Xn \mse®hpw lcn-P-\-§Ä¡p thn-bm-sW-¶pw, Hcp ]gb cmjv{Sob {]hÀ¯I-s\¶ \ne-bn cmjv{Sob {]hÀ¯-I-·m-cp-ambn F\n¡p _Ô-ap-s¶pw ]s£ Fsâ HutZym-KnI Pnhn-X-¯n cmjv{Sobw IeÀ¯msX Rm³ s]cp-am-dp-¶p-s-¶p-am-bn-cp-¶p.
Fsâ `mKs¯ km£n-I-fmbn {ioam-·mÀ Fw.-]n. Zmtam-Z-c³ Fw.-FÂ.-F., sI cmL-h³ Fw.-FÂ.-F. (l-cn-P-³, tUmIvSÀ {Xnhn-I-a³ (a-e-_mÀ lcn-P³ kamPw {]kn-U-v) XpS§n lnµp-¡-fpw, apÉow-§-fp-ambn Ht«sd Bfp-I-fpsS t]cp-I-fp-m-bn-cp-¶p. A¶p ae-_mÀ Ie-IvS-dm-bn-cp-¶Xp {io. BÀ {]kmZv sF.-kn.-F-kv. Bbn-cp-¶p. Xe-tÈcn kºv Ie-IvS-dm-bn-cp¶Xv {io. ]n. k`m-\m-bIw sF.-F.-F-kv. (C-¶s¯ a{ZmÊv Kh¬saâv No^vsk-{I-«-dn)-B-bn-cp-¶p. Ie-IvSÀ Xe-tÈ-cn-bn h¶p km£n-I-sf-h-cp¯n At\z-jWw \S-¯n. Hcp a{´n-bpsS tXm¶-se-¶-ÃmsX ASn-Øm-\-]-c-ambn Rm³ sNbvX-tXm, sN¿m-¯tXm Bb Imcy-§-sf-¡p-dn¨p Ipä-]-{Xn-I-bn-sem-¶p-ap-m-bn-cp-¶n-Ã.
Ie-IvS-dpsS At\z-j-W-¯n-¶p-tijw Fs¶ H¶pw sN¿p-hm³ \nhr-¯n-bn-söv Kh¬saân\p t_m²y-am-bn. AhÀ Fs¶ ]¿-¶q-cn-te¡p Øewamäw sN¿p-hm³ Ie-IvSÀ¡p \nÀt±iw sImSp-¯p. AXn-\n-S-bn Ipp-Nnd AW-s¡-«nsâ ]Wn DZvLm-S\w sN¿p-hm³ tImgn-¸p-d¯p am[-h-ta-t\m³ hcp-hm³ Xocp-am-\n-¨n-cp-¶p. AXn-\p-ap¼p Fs¶ ]¿-¶q-cn-te¡p amä-W-sa-¶mbn-cp¶p Kh¬saân\p ¹m\p-m-bn-cp-¶-Xv. ]t£ AtX-Im-cWw ]d-ªp-sImv Xs¶ Ie-IvSÀ Fs¶ AhnsS \nÀ¯p-I-bmWp sNbvX-Xv. a{´n DZvLm-S\w sN¿m-sa-t¶-än-«pÅ Ipp-Nnd AW-s¡-«nsâ {]hr-¯n¡v Rm\-hnsS Dm-bn-cn-t¡--X-Xym-h-iy-am-sW¶pw AXp-hsc Fsâ Øew-amäw \nÀ¯n-sh-¡-W-sa-¶p-am-bn-cp¶p Ie-IvSÀ Kh¬saân-te¡p dnt¸mÀ«p sNbvXn-cp-¶-Xv. A§s\ Ipp-Nnd AW-s¡-«nsâ {]hr¯n DZvLm-S\w sN¿p-hm³ tImgn-¸p-d¯p am[h-ta-t\m³ Ipp-Nn-d-bn-se-¯p-Ibpw At±-ls¯ kzmKXw sNbvXp-sImp ^À¡m-U-h-e-¸p-saâp Hm^o-kÀ F¶ \ne-bn Rm³ {]kw-Kn-¡p-Ibpw sNbvXp.
AXn-\n-S-bn apJy-{´n-Øm-\-¯p-\n¶p hns«mgnª {io. Sn. {]Im-is¯ R§Ä Xe-tÈ-cn¡p £Wn-¨p. At±lw Xe-tÈcnbn h-cn-Ibpw {io. In\m¯n \mcm-b-Wsâ AXn-Yn-bmbn AhnsS Xma-kn¡p-Ibpw sNbvXp. Xe-tÈ-cn-bn cp-aq¶p kt½-f-\-§-fn At±lw B²y£w hln-¨p. At±-l-¯nsâ {]kw-K-§-sfÃmw Rm\m-bn-cp¶p ]cn-`mj sNbvX-Xv. Rm\-§ns\ sN¿p-¶p-s-¶-dn-
ªm Kh¬saâv Fs¶ Unkvankv sN¿p-I-bntà F¶-t±lw tNmZn¨p. "A§mWp F\n¡p tPmen-X-¶n-«p-Å-Xv. Cu tPmen-bn-Â-\n¶p ]ncn-ªp-t]m-Ip-¶-Xn F\n-bv¡-{X-sbm¶pw hnj-a-anÃ' F¶m-bn-cp¶p Rm³ ]dª adp-]-Sn. XetÈ-cn-bnÂ\n-¶-t±lw t]mbXv ]¿-¶q-cn-te-¡m-bn-cp-¶p. Ahn-sSbpw Rm\-t±-ls¯ A\p-K-an-¨p. IqsS {ioaXn A½-®-cm-Pbpw Dm-bn-cp-¶p.
]¿-¶q-cnepw At±-lhpw {ioaXn A½-®-cm-Pbpw cp-aq¶p {]kw-K-§Ä sN-bvXp. Ah-sbÃmw Rm³Xs¶ ]cn-`m-j-s¸-Sp-¯p-Ibpw sNbvXp. BNm-cy-Ir-]-em-\n-bpsS t\Xr-Xz-¯n Hcp ]pXnb cmjv{So-b-]mÀ«n cq]w-sIm-n-cp¶ Ime-L-«-am-bn-cp¶p AXv. AXn-s\-¡p-dn¨v {io. {]Im-ihpw R§fpw X½n kwkm-cn-¨n-cp-¶p. B ]mÀ«n-tbmSv At±-l-¯n\p A\p-`m-h-ap-Å-Xmbn R§Ä¡p a\-Ên-em-bn. {io. sI. tIf-¸-t\mSpw B Imcy-s¯-¡p-dn¨p kwkm-cn-¨-t¸mÄ At±l-¯n\pw BNm-cy-Ir-]-em-\n-bpsS t\Xr-Xz-¯n cq]w-sIm-Åp-hm³t]m-Ip¶ ]mÀ«n-tbmSv A\p-`m-h-hpw, ASp-¸-hp-ap-Å-Xm-bn-«mWp R-§Ä¡p a\-Ên-em-b-Xv.
At¸m-tg¡p BNmcy sP.-_n. Ir]-em-\n-bpsS t\Xr-Xz-¯n Inkm³a-kvZqÀ {]Pm-]mÀ«n cq]w-sImp Ign-ªn-cp-¶p. {ioaXn kptNXm-Ir-]-em-\n, dm^n Al-½Zv InZvhmbn XpS-§nb AJn-te-´ym-t\-Xm-¡-·mcpw B{Ôm tIkcn Sn. {]Im-i-hpw, sX¶än hniz-\mY³ XpS§n B{Ô-bn-ep-Å-hcpw tIf-¸³ apX-emb tIc-f-¯n-ep-Å-hcpw B ]mÀ«n-bn tN¶pI-gn-ªn-cp-¶p.
am\-kn-I-ambn F\n¡pw B ]mÀ«n-tbm-SmWv A\p-`mhw Dm-bn-cp-¶-Xv. AXn-\pÅ {][m-\-Im-cWw a{Zm-Ên A¶-[n-Im-c-¯n-en-cp¶ tIm¬{KÊv Kh¬saân-Â-\n¶v F\n¡pw In\m¯n tIm¬{K-Ên\pw A\p-`-hn-t¡-n-h-¶n-«pÅ hnj-a-X-I-fpw, _p²n-ap-«p-I-fp-am-bn-cp-¶p. Fsâ DtZymKw cmPn-sh-¨p-sIm-pÅ I¯v A¶v Xe-tÈcn k_vI-e-IvSÀ Bbn-cp¶ {io. sI. FÊv. tat\m-s\-bmWv Rmt\Â]n-¨-Xv. AXv 1951 HIvtSm-_À 2þmw Xob-Xn-bm-bn-cp-¶p. A¶p-Xs¶ [À½-S-¯p-tNÀ¶ KmÔn-P-b´n alm-k-t½-f-\-¯n Rm³ {]kw-Kn-¡p-Ibpw Fsâ cmPn-bpsS Imcyw {]Jym-]n-¡p-Ibpw sNbvXp.
A¶p-ap-X Rm³ hopw Hcp cmjv{So-b-{]-hÀ¯-I-\m-bn.
]s£ tIm¬-{K-Êp-Im-c-\m-bn-«-Ãm, {]Pm-]mÀ«n-¡m-c-\m-bn-«mWp Rm³ {]hÀ¯n-¡p-hm³ XpS-§n-b-Xv. {]Pm-]mÀ«n sXc-sª-Sp-¸n ]s¦-Sp-¡p-hm³ Xocp-am-\n-¨p. Fs¶ Akw-»n-bn-te-bvt¡m, ]mÀe-saân-te-t¡m, Hcp Øm\mÀ°n-bmbn \nÀt¯--Xm-sW-¶pÅ A`n-{]mbw DbÀ¶p-h-¶p. I½yq-Wn-Ìp-]mÀ«n-bp-ambn IqSn-bm-tem-N-\-IÄ \S-t¯--Xm-sW-¶pÅ A`n-{]m-bhpw ]mÀ«nbWn-I-fn \n-¶p-bÀ¶p-h-¶n-cp-¶p. In\m¯n \mcm-b-W-\m-bn-cp¶p B A`n-{]m-b-K-Xn-bpsS kq{X-[m-c-³. B A`n-{]m-b-t¯mSpIqSn {io. tIf-¸\p BZyw henb B\p-Iq-ey-sam-¶p-ap-m-bn-cp-¶n-sÃ-¦nepw tIm¬{K-Êns\ tXmÂ]n-¡-W-sa-¶p-s-¦n I½yq-Wn-Ìp-Im-cp-ambn Iq«p-Iq-Snsb Xocq F¶ \ne-h-¶-t¸mÄ At±-lhpw B A`n-{]m-b-¯n-¶-\p-Iq-en-bm-bn. {]Pm-]mÀ«n-¡p-thn I½yq-Wn-Ìp-t\-Xm-¡-fp-ambn IqSn-bm-tem-N-\-IÄ \S-¯n-bXp {][m-\-ambpw In\m¯n \mcm-b-W³X-s¶-bm-bn-cp-¶p. A§s\ ae-_m-dnÂ\n¶v ]mÀe-saân-te-¡pw, Akw-»n-bn-te-bv¡p-apÅ koäp-I-fn GtXXp koäp-I-fn-emWp {]Pm-]mÀ«n aÕ-cn-t¡--sX-¶pw, GtXXp koäp-I-fmWp I½yq-Wn-Ìp-ImÀ¡p hn«p-sIm-Sp-t¡--sX¶pw IqSn-bm-tem-N-\-IÄhgn Xocp--am-\-§-sf-Sp-¯p.
am-[-h-ta-t\m-sâ-bpw, kn.-sI. tKmhn-µ³\m-b-cp-sSbpw t\Xr-Xz-am-bn-cp¶p A¶p tIm¬{K-Ên-\p-m-bn-cp-¶-Xv. A¡m-e¯v ae-_m-dn tIm¬{K-Êp-Im-cmbn Adn-b-s¸-«n-cp-¶-h-cn _lp-`q-cn-]-£-hpw, tIf-¸-sâ-IqsS {]Pm-]mÀ«n-bn-em-bn-cp-¶p. tIm¬{K-Ên\p tIm¬{K-Êp-Im-cmb Øm\mÀ°n-I-sf-t¸mepw A¶p In«p-hm³ hnj-a-am-bn-cp-¶p. BKÌp hn¹-h-Im-e¯p Xsâ ap¼n Ipä-hm-fn-I-fm-sb-¯nb tIm¬{K-Êp-Imsc DÕm-l-]qÀÆw cp-sIm-Ãw-hoXw ITn-\-X-S-hn\p in£n-¨n-cp¶ U]yq«n Ie-IvS-dpw, ^ÌvIv-fmÊv aPn-kvt{S-«p-am-bn-cp¶ {io A¸p-hm-bn-cp¶p dn«-bÀ sNbvX-tijw aÕ-cn¨ tIm¬{KÊv Øm\mÀ°n-I-fn-sem-cmÄ. asäm-cmÄ tIm¬{K-Êns\ FXnÀ¯p PÌnÌv ]mÀ«n Sn¡-än a{ZmÊv tImÀ¸-td-j-\n AwK-am-bn-cp¶ {io. F³. tKm]m-e-ta-t\m-\m-bn-cp-¶p.
]mÀe-saân-te-¡pÅ Øm\mÀ°n-I-fmbn {]Pm-]mÀ«n AwKo-I-cn¨ncp-¶-h-cn s]m¶m-\n-bn {io. sI. tIf-¸-\pw, tUmIvSÀ {Xnhn-{I-a-\pw, tImgn-t¡m«p {io. sI.-F. Zmtam-Z-c-ta-t\m\pw X-e-tÈ-cn-bn Rm-\p-am-bn-cp-¶p. {]Pm-]mÀ«n AwKo-I-cn¨ I½yq-WnÌp Øm\mÀ°n-
IÄ I®q-cn {io. F.-sI. tKm]m-e-\pw, at©-cn-bn {io Ipªm-en-bp-am-bn-cp-¶p. ae-_m-dnÂ\n-¶pÅ Bdp koäp-I-fnepw A§s\ {]Pm-]mÀ«n-bpw, I½yq-Wn-Ìp-]mÀ«nbpw Øm\mÀ°n-Isf \nÀ¯n-bn-cp-¶p. ae-_m-dnÂ\n¶p a{ZmÊv Akw-»n-bn-te¡p Dm-bn-cp¶ ap¸Xp koäpIÄ {]Pm-]mÀ«n-bpw, I½yqWn-Ìp-]mÀ«nbpw X½n `m-Kn-s¨-Sp-¡p-Ibpw sNbvXp.
HcpXc-¯n ]dªm sXc-sª-Sp-¸nse BZys¯ sFIy-ap-¶-Wn-bm-bn-cp¶p A¶p ae-_m-dn DS-se-Sp-¯-Xv. I½yq-Wn-Ìp-ImÀ AXns\ sFIy-ap-¶Wn F¶p hnfn-¨n-cp-¶p--sh-¦nepw {]Pm-]mÀ«n-¡mÀ AXns\ {]Pm-þ-I-½yq-WnÌv sXc-sª-Sp-¸p-kwJyw F¶mWp hnfn-¨n-cp-¶-Xv. HSp-hn-sem-Sp-hn-em-Ip-¼-tg¡p tIf-¸-\pw, F.-sI.-Pn.bpw Hcp tbmK-¯nÂ, Hcp tÌPn \n¶p-sImp {]kw-Kn-¡-W-sa-¶pÅ \ne-bn-te¡p B tbmPn¸v hfÀ¶p-h-¶p. Kpcp-hm-bqÀ kXym-{K-l-Im-e¯p tIf-¸-\pw, F.-sI.-Pn.bpw H¶n¨p {]hÀ¯n-¨n-«p-Å-h-cm-Wv. AhÀ hopw Kpcp-hm-bqÀ sh¨p H¯p-tN-cp-¶Xp ImWm³ Bbn-c-¡-W-¡n-\m-fp-IÄ¡p XnSp-¡-ap-m-bn. A§ns\ Kpcp-hm-bqcnÂsh-¨pw, aäp-Nne {][m-\-tI-{µ-§-fnÂsh¨pw Ah-scm-¯p-tNÀ¶p.
Fsâ \ntbm-P-I-a-Þ-e-¯n Xe-tÈ-cn, Iq¯p-]-d-¼v, hS-I-c, \mZm-]p-cw, t]cm{¼ F¶n-§s\ A©p Akw»n aÞ-e-§-fm-Wp-m-bn-cp-¶-Xv. B aÞ-e-§-fn apgp-h³ Rms\-¯n-t¨-cp-Ibpw {]kw-Kn-¡p-Ibpw Bfp-Isf ImWp-Ibpw sNbvXp-sIm-n-cp-¶p. Xe-tÈ-cn-bn Akw»n Øm\mÀ°n-bm-bn-cp¶Xp kJm-hv. kn.-F-¨v. IWm-c\pw (amÀIvknÌp ]mÀ«n sÌbnäv sk{I-«-dn. AXn-¶p-tijw ac-W-a-S-ªp.) Iq¯p-]-d-¼n {io. hn.BÀ IrjvW-¿-cp-am-bn-cp-¶p. (C-t¸mÄ kp{]ow-tIm«v PUvPn) sXc-sª-Sp¸p Ign-ª-t¸mÄ F.-sI. tKm]m-e\pw Rm\pw, Zmtam-Z-c-ta-t\m\pw t]m¡-dpw, tIf-¸-\pw, Cu¨-c-\pw, hnP-bn-¡p-I-bmWp sNbvX-Xv. Pbn-¨-h-scÃmw h¼n¨ `qcn-]-£-t¯m-Sp-Iq-Sn-bm-bn-cp¶p sXc-sª-Sp-¡-s¸-«n-cp-¶-Xv.
Akw»n sXc-sª-Sp-¸n Pbn-¨-h-cn H¼-Xp-t]À I½yq-Wn-Ìp-Im-cpw, H¼-Xp-t]À {]Pm-]mÀ«n-¡m-cpw, \mep-t]À tIm¬{K-Êp-Im-cpw, c-p-t]À tkmjy-en-Ìp-Im-cpw, cp-t]À kzX-{´-·m-cpw, _m¡n-bp-Å-hÀ apÉow-eo-Kp-Im-cp-am-bn-cp-¶p. {io. tImgn-¸p-d¯p am[-h-ta-t\m³ hb-\m-«nÂ\n-¶mWv A¶p aÕ-cn-¨n-cp-¶-Xv. At±-ls¯ ]cm-
P-b-s¸-Sp-¯p¶ Imcy-¯n tIm¬{K-sÊm-gn-¨pÅ FÃm cmjv{Sob I£n-IÄ¡pw kPoh XmÂ]-cy-ap-m-bn-cp-¶-Xp-sImv At±-l-¯n\p `oa-amb ]cm-Pbw ]än. {io. kn.-sI. tKmhn-µ³\m-bsc Hcp e£-¯nÂ]cw thm«p-IÄ¡mWp kJm-hv. F.-sI.-Pn. ]cm-P-b-s¸-Sp-¯n-b-Xv. Fsâ FXnÀØm-\mÀ°n {io. ]n. Ipªn-cm-a\v Ft¶-¡mÄ GXmv Hcp-e-£-t¯mfw thm«p-I-fpsS Ipd-hp-m-bn-cp-¶p. sXc-sª-Sp-¸p-I--gnªp ]mÀe-saâp sa¼Àam-cm-bn-cp¶ R-§Ä UÂ-ln-bn-te-¡pw, a{ZmÊv Akw-»n-bnse sa¼ÀamÀ a{Zm-Ên-te-¡pw-t]mbn.
a{ZmÊv Akw-»n-bn Hcp Utam-{Im-änIv {^v {io. {]Im-i-¯nsâ t\Xr-Xz-¯n cq]o-I-cn-¡p-Ibpw AhÀ A[n-Im-c-¯n-\-Sp-s¯¯n \ne-bp-d-¸n-¡p-Ibpw sNbvXp. AXn-\n-S-bn-emWv {io. cmP-tKm-]m-em-Nm-cnsb KhÀ®À {io. {]Imiv a{ZmÊv ePn-tÉ-äohv Iu¬kn sa¼-dmbn t\man-t\äpsNbvX-Xv. At±-ls¯ tIm¬{K-Êp-ImÀ AhcpsS t\Xm-hmbn sXc-sª-Sp-¡p-Ibpw sNbvXp.
t\XrXzw Gsä-Sp-¯-tXm-Sp-IqSn At±lw apÉow-eoKv sa¼Àamsc hnfn-¨p-Iq«n Ahsc tIm¬{K-Ênsâ Atkm-kntb-äUv sa¼Àam-cm¡n tNÀ¯p. A§-s\-bmWp tIm¬{K-Ên\p a{ZmÊv Akw-»n-bn `qcn-]£w Dm-¡n-b-Xv. cmP-tKm-]m-em-Nm-cn-bpsS t\Xr-Xz-¯n a{Zm-Ên a{´n-k-`-cq-]o-I-cn-¡p-Ibpw kn. kp{_-Ò-Wyw, Fw. `à-h-Õew, kÖo-h¿m XpS-§n-b-hÀ a{´n-am-cm-hp-Ibpw sNbvXp. B{Ôm kwØm\w cq]o-I-cn-¨Xn-s\-Xp-SÀ¶v I½yq-Wn-Ìp-Im-cpsS AwK-kwJy a{ZmÊv Akw-»n-bn Ipd-bp-Ibpw tIm¬{K-Ên\v kpK-a-ambn `cWw XpS-cp-hm³ CS-h-cn-Ibpw sNbvXp. B L«-¯n-emWp A¡m-e¯v ]mÀe-saâp sa¼-dm-bn-cp¶ sI. Ima-cmPv a{Zm-Ên-te¡p Xncn-¨p-h¶v cmP-tKm-]m-em-Nm-cnsb X«n-amän a{Zm-Ênsâ apJy-a-{´n-]Zw Gsä-Sp-¯Xv.
R§Ä UÂ-ln-bn-se-¯n-b-t¸mÄ ]mÀ«n-]-c-ambn Fsâ {]Xo-£-I-sfÃmw XIÀ¶p-t]m-b-Xm-bn-«mWp F\n-¡-\p-`-h-s¸-«-Xv.
B--Nmcy sP.-_n. Ir]-em-\n-bpsS t\Xr-Xz-¯n Bcw-`n¨ AJn-te´ym Inkm³a-kvZqÀ {]Pm-]mÀ«n-bn BsI-bp-m-bn-cp¶ AwK-§-fpsS F®w shdpw ]¯p-am-{X-am-bn-cp-¶p. AXn Xs¶ aq¶p-t]À C´y-bnse Hcp PnÃ-bmb ae-_m-dnÂ-\n-¶pÅhcpw.
\yqUÂln-bnÂ\n¶p ]mÀe-saân-te¡p sXc-sª-Sp-¡-s¸-«n-cp¶ {io. kptN-Xm-Ir-]-em-\nsb R§Ä R§-fpsS t\Xm-hmbn Xnc-sª-Sp-¯p. I½yq-Wn-Ìp-Im-cpsS F®w ap¸-¯n-sbm-¶m-bn-cp-¶p. AXnÂXs¶ A[n-I-t]cpw _wKm-fn \n¶pw, tIc-f-¯nÂ\n¶pw sXc-sª-Sp-¡-s¸-«-h-cp-am-bn-cp-¶p. AJn-te´ym ]mÀ«n-sb-¶pÅ \ne-bn aÕ-cn-¨n-cp¶ tkmjy-en-Ìp-]mÀ«n-bpsS {]Xn-\n-[n-I-fmbn ]mÀesaân-ep-m-bn-cp-¶Xv ]{´-p-t]-cm-bn-cp-¶p. lnµp-a-lm-k-`-¡mÀ cpw, apÉow eoKp-Im-c³ at©-cn-bn-Â\n¶p sXc-sª-Sp¡-s¸« t]m¡À kmtl-_p-am-{X-hp-am-bn-cp-¶p. FXnÀI-£n-bn-epÅ FÃm sa¼Àam-cp-sSbpw F®w-Iq-«n-bm \qdn-\p-Xmsg am{Xsa Dm-bn-cp-¶p-Åq. `c-W-I-£n-bmb tIm¬{K-Ên \m\q-dnÂ]cw AwK-§-fp-Å-t¸mÄ Gähpw {]Xn-tem-a-Im-cnbpw Gähpw DÂ]-Xn-jvWp-¡-fp-a-S-§p¶ FÃm FXnÀ-I-£n-I-sfbpw H¶n-¨p-Iq-«n-bm Ah-cpsSsb®w \qdn-\p-Xm-sg-bpw. ]s£ C´y-bnse {]K-Û-·m-cmb ]e-scbpw Ahn-sS-sh¨p ]cn-N-b-s¸-Sp-hm³ F\n¡p km[n-¨p. C´y-bnse sXc-sª-Sp-¡-s¸« Aªq-dp-t]-cn Rm\pw Hcm-fm-WtÃm F¶ Nn´ F¶n A`n-am-\-ap-WÀ¯n.
P\-{]-Xn-\n-[n-k-`-bn (House of the People) kv]o¡-dmbn sXc-sª-Sp-¡-s¸-«n-cp-¶Xp Pn.-hn. ahve-¦-dm-bn-cp-¶p. U]yq«n kv]o¡-dm-bn-cp-¶Xp A\-´-i-b\w A¿¦m-cpw. ]Þnäv Ph-lÀemÂs\lvdp {][m-\-a-{´nbpw ssIemkv \mYvImSvPq B`y-´-c-Im-cy-a-{´n-bpw, F³. tKm]m-e-kzman A¿-¦mÀ dbn-Âth a{´n-bpw, dm^n Al-½Zv InZzmbn `£y-Im-cy-a-{´n-bpw, cmP-Ip-amcn Aar-X-tImÀ Btcm-Ky-Im-cy-a-{´nbpw aäp-am-bn-cp-¶p. ap¼p a{´n-bm-bn-cp¶ tUm: iyma-{]-kmZv apJÀPn P\-kw-L-¯nsâ GI-{]-Xn-\n-[n-bmbn FXnÀ]-£-¯m-bn-cp-¶p. ktcm-Pn\n \mbn-Up-hnsâ ktlm-Z-c-\pw, Ihn-bpw, kwKo-X-Ú-\p-amb lco-{µ-\mYv NtXm-]m-²ym-b-bpw, ktcm-Pn-\n-\m-bn-Up-hnsâ ]p{X-\pw, tlman-tbm-¸Xn tUmIvS-dp-amb tUm: Pb-kq-cybpw FXnÀ]-£-¯p-m-bn-cp-¶p. {ioaXn hnP-b-e£van ]Þnäpw Cµn-cm-Km-Ôn-bpsS `À¯m-hmb ^ntdm-kvKm-Ônbpw s\lvdp-hnsâ ASp¯ IpSpw-_-¡m-cn-sem-cm-fmb {ioaXn Dam s\lvdphpw A¶p ]mÀe-saân-ep-m-bn-cp-¶p. A¶v Ccp-]-¯-©p-hbÊv ]qÀ¯n-bm-¡n-¡-gnª Xmc-tI-iz-cn-kn³lbpw AhnsS D-m-bn-cp-¶p.
{]Xn-]-£-¯pÅ {Kq¸p-I-fn Gähpw henb {Kq¸mb I-½yq-WnÌv {Kq¸nsâ t\Xm-sh¶ \ne-bn F.-sI.-Pn. ¡mbn-cp¶p {]Xn-]-£¯v H¶m-as¯ Øm\w. Hcp Ime¯v A-t±-l-¯nsâ t\Xm-hpw, Ignª Xnc-sª-Sp-¸n At±-l-¯nsâ Iq«m-fn-bp-amb sI. tIf-¸sâ Øm\w Hcp cmw ¢mÊv ]mÀ«n-bpsS aq¶mw-¢mÊv t\Xmhv F¶ \ne-bn At±-l-¯nsâ hfsc ]n¶n-ep-am-bn-cp-¶p. kJmhv F.-sI.-Pn.bpsS BZys¯ ]mÀe-saâp {]kwKw tIÄ¡p-hm³ FÃm-hcpw {i²-tbm-Sp-IqSn Im¯n-cn-¡p-I-bm-bn-cp-¶p.
AXn-\p-Ån C´y-bpsS Xnc-sª-Sp-¡-s¸« H¶m-as¯ {]kn-U-mbn NmÀsP-Sp¯p Ign-ªn-cp¶ cmtP-{µ-{]-kmZv Ccp-k-`-I-sfbpw A`n-ap-Jo-I-cn-¨p-sImv sk³{SÂlm-fnÂsh¨v ]mÀe-saâp DZvLm-S\w sNbvXn-cp-¶p. B DZvLm-S\ {]kw-K-¯n\v {]kn-U-n-t\mSp \µn-]-d-bpI F¶ Hu]-Nm-cn-I-amb NS-§n-\mWv A¶p P\-{]-Xn-\n-[n-k` tbmKw tNÀ¶n-cp-¶-Xv. FXnÀI-£n-I-fnse {][m\ I£n-bmb I½yq-Wn-Ìp--I£n-bpsS t\Xm-sh¶ \ne-bn F.-sI. tKm]m-e-\m-bn-cp¶p NÀ¨bpsS Bcw`w Ipdn-t¡-n-bn-cp-¶-Xv. {]kw-Kn-¡p-hm³ thn At±-l-sa-gp-t¶-ä-t¸mÄ {]Xo£m \nÀ`-c-cmbn AXp tIÄ¡p-hm³ FÃm-hcpw Hcp-§n-\n-¶p. {]kn-U-nsâ {]kwKw P\-§-tfm-SpÅ Hcp bp²-{]-Jym-]-\-am-sW-¶mWv At±lw ]d-ª-Xv. B {]kwKw FÃm-h-tcbpw \ncm-i-s¸-Sp-¯n. I½yq-Wn-Ìp-ImÀ am{X-amWv AXns\ A\p-Iq-en-¡p-hm-\pw, A\p-tam-Zn-¡p-hm-\p-ap-m-bn-cp-¶-Xv. ]dª Imcy-§Ä Xs¶ hopw hopw BhÀ¯n-¨p ]d-ªp-sh-¶p-Å-X-ÃmsX B {]kw-K-¯n s]mXp-hmbn thsdm-¶p-ap-m-bn-cp-¶n-Ã.
]e-cp-sSbpw {]kw-K-§Ä¡p-tijw tIf-¸\pw {]kw-Kn-¡p-hm³ Hc-h-kcw In«n. tIc-f-Km-Ôn-sb¶ \ne-bn t]cp-bÀ¶n-cp¶ At±-l-¯nsâ {]kw-Khpw {i²-tbmsS tIÄ¡p-hm³ Bfp-I-sfm-cp-§n-bn-cp-¶p. F¶m At±lw {]kw-Kn-¨Xv ]mÀen-saâp-Xs¶ A\m-h-iy-am-sW-¶pw, AXp \ne-\nÀ¯p-hm\pw `c-W-Im-cy-§Ä kwL-Sn-¸n-¡p-hm\pw sNe-hp-sN-¿p¶ kwJy-sImv [qÀ¯-Sn-¡p-I-bm-sW-¶p-am-bn-cp-¶p. At±-l-¯nsâ B A`n-{]mbw C¶p ]cn-tim-[n¨p t\m¡p-t¼mÄ Ipsd icn-bm-sW¶p tXm¶m-sa-¦nepw A¶s¯ \ne-bn AX{X icn-bm-sW¶p ]d-ªp-Iq-Sm-bn-cp-¶p. BsW-¦nÂXs¶
cmjv{Sob{]hÀ¯-\-§-fn ]cn-N-b-k-¼-¶-\mb tIf-¸³ CXp ]d-bp-hm³thn am{Xw ]mÀe-saân-te¡p aÕ-cn¨p Øm\w t\Sn htc--Xp-m-bn-cp-¶pthm F¶-t±-l-t¯mSp tNmZn-¡p-Ibpw sN¿m-am-bn-cp-¶p.
{]kn-U-n-t\m-Sp-Å \µn{]I-S-\s¯¡p-dn¨v ]dbphm-\pÅsXÃmw ]ecpw ]d-ªp-I-gn-ª-Xn-\ptijw {][m\a{´nsb¶pÅ \ne-bn ]Þnäv Ph-lÀemÂs\-lvdp Ahbv¡p adp-]Sn ]d-ªp. {]kn-U-nsâ {]kwKw P\-§-tfm-SpÅ bp²{]Jym-]-\-am-sW-¶pÅ F.-sI.-Pn.bpsS {]kw-Ks¯ At±lw tcmjm-Ip-e\mbn hnaÀ-in-¨p. {]kn-U-nsâ {]kwKw P\-§-tfm-SpÅ bp²-{]-Jym-]-\-am-sW-¦n B P\-§sf {]Xn-\n-[o-I-cn-¡p-¶-hÀ adp-`m-K-¯pÅ ap¸-s¯m-¶p-t]-tcm, AtXm Cu k`-bn Ah-ti-jn-¸pÅ \m\qän Fgp-]-XnÂ]cw Bfp-Itfm F¶-t±lw tNmZn-¨p. ap¸-¯n-sbm-¶p-t]-cmWp P\-§fpsS {]mXn-\n[yw hln-¡p-¶-sX-¦n aäp-Å-hÀ BcpsS {]mXn-\n[yamWp hln-¡p-¶-sX¶pw AhÀ F-§n-s\-bmWp ]mÀe-saân F¯n-bn-«p-Å-sX¶pw At±lw At\z-jn-¨p.
BZys¯ temI-k-`m-k-t½-f-\-¯nÂXs¶ F\n¡pw Fsâ BZys¯ ]mÀe-saâp {]kwKw \S-¯p-hm³ Hc-h-kcw In«n--bn-cp-¶p. AXp sdbnÂsh hnI-k\s¯¡p-dn-¨m-bn-cp-¶p. Xe-tÈ-cn-bnÂ\n¶v ssakq-cn-te¡v Xoh-n-¸mX ]Wn-tb--Xm-sW¶pw awK-em-]p-cs¯ sdbnÂamÀ¤w t_mws_-bp-ambn _Ôn-¸nt¡Xm-sW-¶pw, ]t¿m-fn-bnse Xoh-n-bm-^o-Êmbn D]-tbm-Kn-¡p¶ Xoh-n-apdn amän ]pXnb sdbnÂth-tÌ-j³ ]Wn-tb--Xm-sW¶pw aäpw B {]kw-K-¯n Rm³ FSp-¯p-]-d-ªn-cp-¶p. Fsâ B {]kw-K-s¯-¡p-dn¨p "amXr-`qan' Zn\-]{Xw "]Sn-ªm-d³I-c-bpsS i_vZw' F¶-t]-cn apJ-{]-kw-K-sa-gp-Xp-Ibpw sNbvXn-cp-¶p.
]mÀe-saâp-sa-¼-dmbn UÂln-bn-epw, \m«n-ep-ambn Rm³ Ign-¨p-Iq-«nb A©p-sImÃw Fs¶ kw_-Ôn¨v hfsc {][m-\-amb Hcp Ime-L-«-am-bn-cp-¶p. C´ysb kw_-Ôn-¨p-X-s¶bpw B Ime-L«w {][m-\-s¸-«-Xm-bn-cp-¶p-sh¶p ]d-bmw. tUm: iyma-{]-kmZv apJÀPn ]mÀe-saânse AXn-Im-b-·m-cn AXn-Im-b-I-\m-bn-cp-¶p. Db-c-¯n-epw, h®-¯n-epw, i_vZ¯nepw AX-§-s\-X-s¶-bm-bn-cp-¶p. At±lw {]kw-Kn-¡p-¶p-s-¶-dn-ªm ]mÀe-saân\p ]pd-¯p-Å-h-scÃmw
AI-t¯¡p HmSn-sb-¯p-I-bm-bn. B Imcyw a\-Ên-em-Im-¯-hÀ¡p At±-l-¯nsâ i_vZ-ho-Nn-I-fp-b-cp-t¼mÄ Ahcpw Imcyw a\-Ên-em¡n lmfn-\p-Ån-te¡p IS-¶p-h-cp-¶p-m-hpw. A{Xam{Xw hmKv²m-Sn-tbm, Hu¶-Xytam CÃm-Xn-cp-¶p-sh-¦nepw Hcp \à {]mkw-Kn-I-\m-bn-cp¶p I½yq-WnÌpImc-\mb s{]m^-kÀ lnc¬ apJÀPn.
tIm¬{K-Êp-]-£-¯pÅ ià-·m-cmb {]mkw-Kn-I-·m-cn {io. Fkv.sI. ]m«o-epw, tZjv]-sÞbpw aäp-saÃmw DÄs¸-«n-cp-¶p. cma-cm-Py-]-cn-£-¯nsâ Hcp sa¼À A¶p k`-bn-ep-m-bn-cp-¶p. `wKn-bpÅ kwkvIrX ]Z-§Ä kpe-`-ambn D]-tbm-Kn-¡m-dpÅ At±l-¯nsâ lnµn-{]-kwKw tIÄ¡p-hm³ hfsc kpµ-c-am-bn-cp-¶p. Rm³ ]mÀe-saân Dm-bn-cp¶ Ime-¯mWv B{Ô-kw-Øm-\-¯n-\p-th-n-bpÅ {]-t£m`w sImSp-¼n-cn-sIm--Xpw, t]män {io cmaep D]-hm-k-a-\p-jvTn¨v cà-km-£nXzw hcn-¨-Xpw, B{ÔkwØm\w cq]-h¡-cn-¡-s¸-«-Xpw.
]mÀe-saânte¡p t]mIp¶ Fsâ H¶m-as¯ bm{X-bnÂXs¶ a{ZmÊv apX a¯m-bn-am-ªq-cm-\pw, ]n.-Sn. ]p¶qkpw Fsâ Iq«p-Im-cm-bn-cp-¶p. a¯mbn amªq-cms\ t_mws_-bnÂsh¨p ]cn-N-b-s¸-«Xp apX R-§Ä kplr-¯p-¡-fm-bn-cp-¶p. tIcf tkmjy-enÌp ]mÀ«n-bpsS t\Xm-sh¶ \ne-bn Xncp-sIm-¨n-bnÂ\n¶v D]-cn-k-`-bn-te¡v sFIy-ap-¶Wn Sn¡-än aÕcn¨p Pbn-¨n-«mWv At±lw ]mÀe-saân-te¡p hcp-¶-Xv. P\-{]-Xn-\n[n k`-bn Xncp-þ-sIm-¨n-bnÂ\n¶v Xnc-sª-Sp-¡-s¸-«n-«mWv I½yq-Wn-Ìp-Im-c-\mb ]n.-Sn. ]p¶qkp hcp-¶-Xv. R§Ä aq¶p-t]cpw Ipsd Znh-k-§Ä H¶n-¨mWp UÂ-ln-bn Xma-kn-¨-Xv. ]n¶oSv a¯mbn amªq-cm-\pw, Rm\pw Xmakw H¶n-¨m-¡n. ]mÀesaân Hgn-hp-Å-t¸m-sgÃmw R§-fn-cp-hcpw Nne k©m-c-]-cn-]m-Sn-I-fn GÀs¸-Sm-dp-m-bn-cp-¶p. A§ns\ a[p-c-bn-epw, B{K-bn-epw, lcn-Zzm-dn-epw, Ejo-tI-iz-¯n-ep-saÃmw R-§Ä s]m-bvs¡m-n-cp-¶p. k©m-c-{]n-bw R§-fn Ccp-hÀ¡p-ap-m-bn-cp-¶p-sh-¶p -ÅXpw ]pXnb ]pXnb Øe§-sf-bpw, ]pXn-b-]p-Xnb Bfp-I-sfbpw ]cn-N-b-s¸-Sp-¶-Xn Ccp-hcpw XÂ]c-cm-bn-cp-¶p-sh-¶p-Å-Xp-am-bn-cp¶p AXn-\pÅ Imc-Ww. a¯mbn amªq-cm¶p Fs¶-¡mÄ "lnµn' \nÝ-b-hp-ap-m-bn-cp-¶p.
UÂ-ln-bn-se¯n A[n-I-\mÄ Ign-bp-¶-Xn-\p-ap³]p {]Pm-]mÀ«n-bpw, tkmjy-en-Ìp-]mÀ«nbpw, {]Pm-tkm-jy-enÌp ]mÀ«n F¶ t]cn Hcp ]mÀ«n-bmbn cq]w {]m]n-¨p. B ]mÀ«n-bn At¸mÄ Ccp-]-s¯m¶p t]cp-m-bn-cp-¶p. ]mÀ«n t\Xm-hm-bn-cp-¶Xp {ioaXn kptN-Xm-Ir]-em-\n-X-s¶. U]yq«n t\Xmhmbn Hdo-Ê-bnÂ\n¶p h¶n-cp¶ {io kmcw-K-[-c-Zm-Ên-t\-bpw, sXcsªSp¯p. A¡m-e¯p {]Pm-tkm-jy-enÌp ]mÀ«nbpsS ]e kt½-f-\-§Ä¡pw s]mXp-tbm-K-§Ä¡pw Rm³ t]mIm-dp-m-bn-cp-¶p. {]Pm-tkm-jy-enÌp ]mÀ«n-bpsS sNbÀam-\mbn sXc-sª-Sp-¡-s¸-«n-cp¶ BNm-cy-Ir-]-em-\n-bpsS IqsS UÂln tÌj-\n-epÅ \mwt¥mbv F¶ Øe¯p Rm³ Hcp s]mXp-tbm-K-¯n {]kw-Kn-¨n-cp-¶p. asämcp XhW _olm-dnse ]mSv\m-k-t½-f-\-¯nepw thsdmcp XhW D¯À{]-tZ-is¯ eJv\u kt½f-\-¯nepw Rm³ ]s¦-Sp-¯n-cp-¶p. At¸mÄ Inkm³ ]©m-b-¯nsâ \mjW FIvkn-Iyq-«o-hnse H-cw-K-hp-am-bn-cp¶p Rm³.
A¶p ]©m-_n-em-bn-cp¶ knwe-bnse ap³kn-¸n Xnc-sª-Sp-¸p-I-fn {]Pm-tkm-jy-enÌp ]mÀ«n-IÄ¡p-thn Rm³ knwe-bnepw t]mbn-«p-v. Cu bm{X-I-fn-seÃmw Fsâ kplr¯pw klm-bn-bp-am-bn-cp-¶Xv UÂln-bnse Hcp kP-oh-]mÀ«n {]hÀ¯-I-\m-bn-cp¶ dmw\m-cm-b-W³knwKv Bbn-cp-¶p. Ipsd Ign-ª--t¸mÄ sFIy-tI-c-f-Im-cy-¯n tIc-f-¯nse {]Pm tkmjy-en-Ìp-]mÀ«n-bp-ambn F\n¡p A`n-{]m-b-hy-Xym-k-ap-m-hp-Ibpw Rm³ {]Pm-tkm--jy-enÌp ]mÀ«n-bnÂ\n¶v cmPn-sh¨v ]mÀesaân kzX-{´-\m-bn-cn-¡p-Ibpw sNbvXp. tIc-f-¯nse {]Pm-tkm-jy-enÌp ]mÀ«n-¡mÀ sFIy-tI-c-f-¯n-\p-]-Icw ]ÝnaXo-c-kw-Øm\w F¶ Hcm-i-b-amWp apt¶m-«p-h-¨n-cp-¶Xv. AXn\p-thn A¡m-e¯p Ah-cp-m-¡nb Hcp I½n-än-bn-epÅ Bfp-I-sfÃmw Hcp kap-Zm-b-¯nÂam{Xw s]«-h-cm-bn-cp¶psh¶v Rm\¶v Nq-n-¡m-Wn-¡p-Ibpw sNbvXn-cp-¶p.
Rm³ ]mÀe-saâpsa¼-dm-bn-cp¶ Ime-¯mWv hS-I-c-bn ka-kvXtI-cf kml-nXy-]-cn-j-¯nsâ Hcp hmÀjn-I-k-t½-f\w \S-¶-Xv. kt½f-\-¯nsâ kzmKX-kw-Lm-²y-£-\mbn sXc-sª-Sp-¯n-c-p¶Xv Fs¶-bm-bn-cp¶p. ]mÀesaâv sa¼-dm-bn-cp-¶XpsImp UÂln-bnÂ\n¶pw cp {]-[m-\n-Isf kt½-f-\¯n B²y£w hln-¡p-hm\pw, DZvLm-S-\w \S-¯p-hm\pw sImp-h-cp-hm-\mbn-cp¶p \nÝ-bn-¨n-cp-¶Xv. kÀZmÀ sI.-Fw. ]Wn-¡sc A²y-£-\mbn \yqUÂln-bnÂsh¨v Rm³ £Wn-¨p. At±lw kk-t´mjw AXp kzoI-cn-¡p-Ibpw sNbvXp. ]n¶oSv A¶p tI{µ-¯n hmÀ¯m-hn-\n-ab {]t£-]-W-a-{´n-bm-bn-cp¶ tUm. _n.-hn. tIjv¡m-sc-bmWv Rm³ £Wn-¨n-cp-¶-Xv. kÀZmÀ ]Wn-¡-cpw, tIjv¡mcpw X½n Ft´m ]qÀÆ hn-tcm--[-ap-m-bn-cp-¶p-sh-¶pÅ hkvXpX Rm\-dn-ªn-cp-¶n-Ã. Um. tIjv¡m-cmWp ]cn-j¯v kt½-f-\-§Ä DZvLm-S\w sN¿p-hm³ t]mIp¶sX¶-dn-ª-t¸mÄ kÀZmÀ ]Wn-¡À kt½-f-\-¯n ]s¦-Sp-¡p-¶-X-sÃ-¶-dn-bn-¨p. tIc-f-¯n Xs¶ th{X kmln-Xy-Im-c·-·mÀ Dm-bn-cp-¶-Xp-sImpw Ah-cn R§Ä £Wn-¨n-cp-¶-h-cn `qcn-]£w Bfp-Ifpw kt½-f-\-¯n ]s¦-Sp-¯-Xp-sImpw R§Ä hnNm-cn-¨-Xp-t]mse kt½-f\w hnP-b-{]-Z-am-¡p-hm³ km[n-¨p. {io-am-·mÀ Cfw-Ip-fw -Ip-ª³-]n-Å, FÊv. sI. s]mä-¡m-Sv, tUm. sI. `mkvI-c³\m-bÀ, s{]m^-kÀ tPmk^v ap-tÈ-cn, {io. Fkv. Kp]vX³\m-bÀ, {ioaXn kc-kzXn A½ XpS§n Ht«sd kmln-Xy-Im-c-·mÀ AXn kw_-Ôn-¨n-cp-¶p. {io. ]n.BÀ. \¼ym-cm-bn-cp¶p kzK-XkwLw Imcy-ZÀin. Fsâ `mcy-bpsS ktlm-Zcn `À¯m-hpw, hS-I-c-bn A¶p ]-©m-b¯p {]kn-U-p-am-bn-cp¶ (h-S-Ic A¶p ap\n-kn-¸m-enän Bbn-cp-¶n-Ã.) {io. ]n.-]n. Ipªn-cm-a³ h¡o-ensâ DÕm-l-hpw, P\-kzm-[o-\-hp-amWv ]cn-jXv kt½-f-\-§-fpsS hnP-b-¯n-¶pmb {][m-\-Im-c-Ww. A§ns\ \ne-¼q-cnÂ-tNÀ¶ ]cn-j¯v kt½-f-\-¯n Hcp ]{X dnt¸mÀ«-dmbn ]s¦-Sp¯ Rm³ Xe-tÈ-cn-bn-se-¯n-b-t¸mÄ thmf-n-bÀ Iym]vä-\m-hp-I-bpw, tImgn-t¡m«pw ]me-¡m«pw \S¶ kt½-f-\-§-fn Hcp {]mkw-Kn-I-\mbn ]s¦-Sp-¡p-Ibpw hS-I-c-bnse kt½-f-\-¯n kzm-KX-kw-Lm-²y-£-\m-bn-cn-¡p-Ibpw sNbvXn-«p-v.
Ìm-ensâ acWw
P\-{]-Xn-\n[n k`-bpsS BZys¯ kt½-f\w apX I½yq-Wn-Ìp-ImÀ Xma-kn-¨n-cp-¶Xv hn³UvkÀs¹bvÊv H¶mw \¼À sI«nS-¯n-em-bn-cp-¶p. B sI«nSw Ah-cpsS B^n-kmbpw AhÀ D]-tbm-Kn-¨n-cp-¶p. am{X-hp-aà hn³UvkÀs¹bvÊv F¶ t]cp-t]mepw A\u-tZym-Kn-I-ambn sdUvkvIz-bÀ F¶mWv Adn-b-s¸-«n-cp-¶-Xv. CXn-s\Ãmw {][m-\-amb ImcWw H¶mw-\-¼À hn³UvkÀs¹bvkv I½yq-an-Ìp-Im-cpsS I¿n-em-bn-cp-¶p-sh-¶p-Å-Xm-Wv. F¶m B Øew I½yq-Wn-Ìp-]mÀ«n AwK-§Ä¡v Bcpw sImSp-¯-Xm-bn-cp-¶n-Ã. BÀ. them-bp-[³ Fw.-]n.-bpsS t]cn At±-l-¯n\p sImSp¯ sI«n-S-am-bn-cp¶p AXv. At±lw A¶p I-½yq-Wn-Ìp-Im-cpsS IqsS \n¶n-cp-¶-Xp-sImv At±-l-¯nsâ CjvS-{]-Imcw Ah-cpsS ]mÀesaâv ]mÀ«n B^okv Ahn-sS-sh¨p \S-¯p-I-bm-bn-cp-¶p. AXn-\n-S-bn BÀ. them-bp-[\pw, I½yq-WnÌv]mÀ«n-bp-ambn Ft´m A`n-{]m-b-hy-Xy-k-§-fp-m-Ip-Ibpw Xsâ t]cn X\n¡v A\p-h-Zn-¨n-«pÅ hoSv I½yq-Wn-Ìp-]mÀ-«n-¡mÀ It¿-dn-bn-cn-¡p-I-bm-sW¶pw B hoSp X\n-¡p Xncn-¨p-In-t«--Xm-sW¶pw At±lw ]cm-Xn-s¸-Sp-Ibpw sNbvXn-cp-¶p. A¶p luknw-Kv-I-½nän sNbÀam-\pw, tIm¬-{K-Ênsâ P\-d sk{I-«-dn-bp-am-bn-cp¶ bp. {io\n-hm-k-a-Ã-¿À¡v them-bp-[sâ lÀ-Pn-bpsS t]cn \S-]Sn-sb-Sp-t¡--Xm-sW-¶p tXm¶p-Ibpw At±-l-¯nsâ \nÀt±-im-\p-k-cWw B sI«n-S-¯n-et¸m-gp-m-bn-cp¶ km[\- km-a-{Kn-I-sfÃmw h-en¨p ]pd-¯n«v sI«nSw ]q-«n-bn-Sp-Ibpw sNbvXp. A¶p I½yq-WnÌp]mÀ«nbpsS ]mÀe-saâdn ]mÀ«n-t\-Xmhv kpµ-c¿ Bbn-cp-¶p. At±-l-¯nsâ t\Xr-Xz-¯n sI«n-S-¯n\p ]pd¯v Hcp ]\-¨p-h-«n ]mÀ«n-s-a¼ÀamÀ Ip¯n-bn-cp¸p kXy-{K-l-am-cw-`n-¨p. A§s\ kXy-{Klw \S-¶p-sIm-n-cn-¡p-¶-Xn-\n-S-bn-emWv temI I½yqWn-k-¯n-sâ A¶s¯ AXyp¶X t\Xm-hm-bn-cp¶ tPmk^v Ìmen³ A´cn-¨p-sh-¶pÅ hmÀ¯ UÂln-bn-se-¯n-b-Xv. UÂln-bnse I½yq-WnÌv Fw.-]n.-amÀ Ah-cpsS sdUvkvIz-b-dnse sI«n-S-¯n ]\-¨p-h-«n-en-cp¶p kXy-{K-l-a-\p-jvTn¡p-¶-Xn-\n-S-bn AhÀ¡p tIÄt¡-n-h¶ hmÀ¯ AXy´w ITn-\-am-sW-¶pÅ Imcyw BÀ¡pw A{X--thKw ad-¡pI km²y--aÃ. kXy-{K-l-¯n I½yq-Wn-Ìp-ImÀ hnP-bn-¨n-Ã. H¶mw \¼À hn³UvkÀs¹bvkv tIm¬{KÊpIm-cmb aq¶p
Fw.-]n.-am-cpsS t]cn Atem«p sN¿p-I-bm-Wp-m-b-Xv.
Gjybnse {][m\a{´n-amÀ
Gjy-bnse {][m\a{´n-am-cpsS Hcp kt½-f\w A¡m-e¯v UÂln-bn \S-¯n-bn-cp-¶p. B kt½-f-\-¯n kw_-Ôn-¡p-hm³ kntem-WnÂ\n¶v {io. _Þm-c-\m-b-tIbpw ({io-aXn kncn-amthm _Þm-c-\m-b-I-bpsS `À¯m-hv) _À½-bn \n¶v {io. Xm¡n³\qhpw aäpw h¶n-cp-¶p. cmjv{S-]Xn `h-\n Ah-cpsS _lp-am-\mÀ°w Um. cmtP-{µ-{]-kmZv Hcp ]mÀ«n \S-¯n-bn-cp-¶p. B ]mÀ«n-bn kw_-Ôn-¨n-cp¶ F\n¡v Gjy-bnse ]e {][m\ a{´n-am-tc-bpw, cmjv{S-t\-Xm-¡-·m-scbpw A§ns\ ImWp-hm-\n-S-h-¶p. A¶p ]mIn-Øm-\n {][m-\-a-{´n-bm-bn-cp¶ apl-½-Zen HcpIpdn ]mÀe-saâp kµÀ-in-¡p-Ibpw sNbvXn-cp-¶p.
Rm³ ]mÀe-saâpsa¼-dm-bn GXmv Hcp-sImÃw sNÃp-t¼m-gmWv a¿-gn-bnse hntam-N-\-k-a-c-¯nsâ A´y-L«w Bcw-`n-¨-Xv. {ioa-am-·mÀ sF.-sI. Ipam-c³ kn.-C.- `-c-X³, awK-em«p cmL-h³ XpS§n-b-h-cm-bn-cp¶p B ka-c-¯nsâ t\Xm-¡Ä. ka-c-¯nsâ KXnhnK-Xn-I-sf-¡p-dn¨v sF.-sI. Ipam-c³ UÂln-bn Fs¶ Adn-bn-¨p-sIm-n-cn-¡p-¶p-m-bn-cp-¶p. At±-l-¯nsâ Fgp-¯p-I-fpsS shfn-¨-¯n ]Þnäv Ph-lÀemÂs\-lvdp-hp-ambn Hcp IqSn-¡m-gvN-bv¡p-thn Rm³ Hcp Is¯-gp-Xn. At±lw AX-\p-h-Zn-¡p-Ibpw sNbvXp. s\lvdp-hns\ ImWphm³ Rm³ t]mIp¶ kµÀ`-¯n {ioam-·mÀ tIf-¸-t\m-Spw, Zmtam-Z-c-ta-t\m-t\mSpw Rm³ hnhcw ]d-ªn-cp-¶p. Ahcpw FsâIqsS s\lvdp-hns\ ImWm³ h¶n-cp-¶p. a¿-gn-bnse cmjv{So-b-k-a-c-s¯-¡p-dn¨v Rm³ ]Þnäv s\lvdp-hn-t\mSp ]d-ªp. kacw hnP-bn-¡-W-sa-¦n {^©p-a-¿gn sXmSmsX Xe-tÈcn þ tImgn-t¡mSp tdmUnsâ KXn-am-ä-W-sa¶pw a¿-gn-bnse sdbnÂth-]m-e-¯nÂIqSn tamt«mÀhm-l-\-§Ä¡p-IqSn t]mI-¯-¡-hn-[-¯n AXns\ Hcp dbnÂtdmUp ]me-am¡n cq]m-´-c-s¸-Sp-¯-W-sa¶pw s]cn-§m-Sn-bnÂ\n¶v sNm¢n-bn-te-¡pÅ tdmUp Kh-¬-saâv Gsä-Sp-¡p-Ibpw s]cn-§m-Sn-bn Hcp sehÂt{Im-ÊnwKv Dm-¡p-Ibpw sN¿-W-sa¶pw A§n-s\-bm-sW-¦n C´y³ bqWn-b-\n DÅ-hÀ¡p a¿gn-bn-epw, \mep Xd-bnepw DÅ {^©p-{]-tZ-i-§-fn IS-¡msX Ign-bm-sa-¶pw, a¿-gn-bnÂ\n¶p ]pd-t¯¡p t]mIp-hm³ ]mkvt]mÀ«v thW-sa¶p \nÀ_-Ôn-¡p-Ibpw sNbvXm a¿gn kzX-{´-bm-hp-¶-Xm-sW¶pw Rm\-t±-l-t¯mSp ]dªp. At±lw DS-s\-¯s¶ {io. emÂ_-l-ZqÀim-kv{Xnsb (A-¶-t±lw dbnÂth a{´n-bm-bn-cp-¶p) t^mWn hnfn-¡p-Ibpw F\n¡p At±-l-¯n-t\mSp ]d-bp-hm-\p-ÅXp apgp-h³ {i²m-]qÀÆw tIÄ¡-W-sa¶p ]d-bp-Ibpw sNbvXp.
AXn-\p-tijw C´ym-K-h¬saânsâ hntZ-i-Im-cy-h-Ip-¸n sk{I-«dn P\-d Bbn-cp¶ {io. F³.-BÀ. ]nÅ sF.-kn.Fkn-t\mSpw At±lw C§-s\-Xs¶ kwkm-cn-¡p-Ibpw sNbvX-Xn-\p-tijw R§Ä ]ncn-ªp. ]n¶oSv {io. emÂ_l-ZqÀimkv{Xn-tbbpw {io. F³.-BÀ. ]nÅ-tbbpw Rm³ sN¶p ImWp-Ibpw Ah-tcmSv Cu Imcy-§-sf-¡p-dn-s¨Ãmw ]d-bp-Ibpw sNbvXp. Bh-iy-amb \S-]-Sn-IÄ FSp-¡m-sa-¶-hÀ cp-t]cpw hmKvZ¯w sNbvXp. AXn-\n-S-bnÂ
dbnÂth F©n-\obÀam-cn-sem-cmÄ {^©p-Im-cpsS Øe-¯p-Iq-Sn-bm-Wv ssUhÀj³ tdmUv t]mtI-n-h-cn-I-sb¶ Hcp apS-´³ \ymbw sImp-h-¶n-cp-¶p. AXns\ kw_-Ôn¨v ]mÀen-b-saânÂXs¶ Rm³ \nin-X-ambn hnaÀi\w \S-¯n. {^©p-Im-cp-tS-Xm-sW¶v Ah-Imiw Øm]n-¡p-hm³ AhÀ {ian-¨n-cp-¶-Xm-sW-¦nepw \½p-tS-Xm-sW¶p \mw Øm]n-¨p-I-gn-ªn-cp¶ tdmUn-s\-¡p-dn¨v C´ym-K-h¬saânsâ Iogn-epÅ Hcp-tZym-K-Ø\v sXämb A`n-{]m-b-{]-I-S\w \S-t¯-p¶ bmsXm-cm-h-iyhpw Csöpw A§s\ \S-¯p-I-bm-sW-¦nÂXs¶ AXp ISp¯ cmP-t{Zm-l-am-sW-¶p-amWv Rm³ ]d-ªn-cp-¶-Xv. ]ns¶ B DtZym-K-Øsâ XS-Ê-§-sfm-¶p-an-Ãm-sX-Xs¶ ssUshÀj³ tdmUn-tâ-bpw, sdbnÂtd-mUp ]me-¯n-tâbpw ehÂt{Im-knw-Kn-sâbpw s]cn-§mSn sNm¢n-tdm-Un-tâbpw ]Wn C´ym-K-h¬saâp-Xs¶ Gsä-Sp-¡p-Ibpw hf-sc-th-K-¯n Cu tPmen-I-sfÃmw ]qÀ¯n-bm-¡p-Ibpw sNbvXp.
Cu L«-¯n-em-bn-cp¶p s]cn-§m-Sn-þ-sNm¢n tdmUns\ kw_-Ôn¨pw AXn Dm-¡p-hm³ t]mIp¶ ehÂt{Im-knw-Kns\ kw_-Ôn¨pw A¶p tI{µ-K-h¬saânsâ {Sm³kvt]mÀ«p-h-Ip-¸n DtZymKw hln-¨n-cp¶ am\y\pw B tdmUv ^À¡m-U-h-e-¸vsaâv B`n-ap-Jy-¯n BZyw Dm-¡p-hm-\m-h-iy-s¸-«-t¸mÄ A¶s¯ sslth Unhn-j-\ F©n-\o-bÀ F¶ \ne-bn AXn\p FXn-cp-]-d-bp-Ibpw A\p-h-Zn-¡m-Xn-cn-¡p-Ibpw sNbvX {io ]n.-Sn. \mcm-b-W³\m-b-tcmSp UÂln-bnÂsh¨p Rm³ kwkm-cn-¡p-hm-\n-S-h-¶-Xv.
tdmUp-I-fp-tSbpw ]me-¯n-tâbpw ehÂt{Im-knw-Kn-sâbpw ]Wn Ign-ª-t¸mÄ {^©v C´y³ ]uc-·mÀ¡v a¿-gn-bn Pohn-¡p-hm³ hnj-a-am-bn. {^©p-Im-cpsS A[o-\-¯n Xs¶ a¿-gn-¸p-g-bpsS hS¡v Dm-bn-cp¶ \mep-X-d-bn-te¡p a¿-gn-¡mÀ¡p t]mIp--hmt\m \mep-X-d-bn-ep-Å-hÀ¡p a¿-gn¡p t]mIp-hmt\m \nhr-¯n-bn-ÃmsX h¶p. \mep-X-d-bn-Â\n¶p a¿-gn-]p-g-hsc F¯p¶ Hcp tdmUv \mep-X-d-bn-ep-v. ]s£ B tdmUn\v Hcn-cp-]-¯-©p-hmc C´y³ bqWn-b-\n IS-¶n-«p-thWw ]pg-bn-te-s¡-¯p-hm³. B Ccp-]--¯-©p-hmc tdmUmWp {^©pImÀ Ah-cp-tS-Xm-sW-¶-h-Im-i-s¸-«n-cp-¶-Xpw, ae-_mÀ Ie-IvSÀ {io {]kmZv Fw.-F-kv.-]n.-bp-ambn Øe-s¯¯n {^©p-t]m-eo-kns\ Ahn-sS-\n¶p B«n-tbm-Sn-¨-Xpw. B `mK-¯p-IqSn ssUhÀj³tdmUv t]mI-W-sa-¶p-Å-Xp-sIm-mWv sdbnÂth F©n-\o-bÀ B
ssUhÀj³tdmUnsâ \nÀ½m-Ws¯ FXnÀ¯n-cp-¶-Xv. {^©p-C-´y-bnse ]uc-·m-cpsS _Ôp-¡-fn-e-[n-Iw-t]cpw C´y³bq-Wn-b-\n-em-bn-cp-¶-Xp-sImp AhÀ¡n-t§m«p hcmsX \nhr-¯n-bn-Ãm. {^©p-Im-cpsS \m«n-te¡p F´p km[-\w- sImphc-W-sa-¦nepw C´y³ bqWn-b-\nÂIqSn am{Xta \nhr-¯n-bp-Åq-sh¶p h¶p.
t]mn-t¨-cn-bnÂ\nt¶m Imcn-¡-enÂ\n-t¶m, IS-en¡q-Sn-b-ÃmsX bmsXmcp km[-\-§fpw a¿-gn-bn h¶p-Iq-sS¶ \ne-bm-bn. a¿-gn-bn-epw, \mep-X-d-bn-ep-ap-Å-hÀ¡p PohnXw Zpjv¡-c-am-bn-XoÀ¶-tXm-Sp-IqSn {^©p-ImÀ a¿gn hnSp-hm³ Xocp-am-\n-¡p-Ibpw {io. sF.-sI. Ipam-c\v a¿-gn-bpsS `cWw GÂ]n¨psImSp-¯p-sImv AUvan-\n-kvt{S-äÀ DÄs¸-sS-bpÅ {^©v A[n-Im-cn-IÄ a¿-gn-bnÂ\n¶v I¸ÂI-bdn ]pXp-tÈ-cn¡p bm{X-bm-Ip-Ibpw sNbvXp.
A§n-s\-bmWv a¿-gn-bnse hntam-N-\-k-acw hnP-bn¨Xpw a¿gn C´y³bq-Wn-b-\n tNÀ¶-Xpw. `qan-im-kv{X-]-c-ambn a¿-gnbpw \mep-X-dbpw Fsâ \ntbm-P-I-a-Þ-e-¯n-\p-Ån-epÅ {]tZ-i-§-fm-Wv. AhnsSbpÅ Bfp-IÄ Fsâ \ntbm-P-I-a-Þ-e-¯nse thm«Àam-c-Ã. C¶pw AhÀ ]mÀe-saâv sXcsª-Sp-¸n t]mn-t¨cn \n-tbm-P-I-a-Þ-e-¯nse thm«Àam-cm-Wv.
Xe-tÈcn tÌj³ DZvLm-S\w
shÌvtImÌv tdmUnsâ (C-¶Xv \mj-W sslth Bbn {]Jym-]n-¡-s¸-«p-I-gn-ªp) K-Xnsb kw_-Ôn¨v sNdp-Ip-¶p-Im-cpw, Xfn-¸-d-¼p-Imcpw X½n hen-sbmcp XÀ¡w Cu Ime-L-«¯n-ep-m-bn. shÌvtImÌv tdmUv ]¿-¶q-cp-hn«p s]cp-¼-]mew IS-¶p-I-gn-ªm ]g-b-§m-Sn sNdpIp¶p-h-gn-bm-bn, hf]-«-W-¯n-se-t¯--Xm-sW¶v sNdp-Ip-¶n-ep-Å-h-cpw, AXà Xfn-¸-d-¼p-h-gn-bm-bn-«mWv hf]-«-W¯nset¯--sX¶v Xfn-¸-d-¼p-Imcpw A`n-{]m-b-s¸-Sp-I-bp-m-bn. cp Zn¡p-I-fnepw {]mam-Wn-I-·mÀ I½n-än-I-fp-m¡n Ah-c-h-cpsS hmZ-K-Xn-IÄ tI{µ-K-h-¬-saâns\sIm-w-Ko-I-cn-¸n-¡p-hm³ ]cn-{i-an¨p sImn-cp-¶p. B Ime-L-«-¯n-emWv A¶v tI{µ-K-Xm-K-X-h-Ip-¸nse D]-a-{´n-bm-bn-cp¶ {io. H.-hn. Af-tI-i³ Xe-tÈcn kµÀin-¨-Xv.
Xe-tÈ-cn-bn ]gb sdbnÂth-tÌ-j³-am-än, ]pXp-Xmbn Hcp sdbnÂth-tÌ-j³ sI«nSw ]Wn-X-Xnsâ DZvLm-S-\-IÀ½w \nÀÆ-ln-
¡p-hm³ At±-ls¯ £Wn-¨Xp Rm-\m-bn-cp-¶p. {io. In\m¯n \mcm-b-Wsâ t\Xr-Xz-¯n tÌj-\p-ZvLm-S-\-¯n-\p-thn Kw`o-c-amb Hcp-¡-§Ä sNbvXn-«p-m-bn-cp-¶p. sdbnÂsh-tÌ-j³ DZvLm-S\w sNbvXp--sImp a{´n sNbvX {]kwKw ]cn-`m-j-s¸-Sp-¯n-bXp Rm\m-bn-cp-¶p.
Xfn-¸-d-¼vtdmUv
tÌj³ DZv-Lm-S\w sNbvXp-I-gnªv a{´nbpw, R§-fp--saÃmw Su¬lm-fn tNcp-Ibpw Ahn-sS-sh¨v shÌvtImÌv tdmUnsâ KXn GXn-te-¡qSn Bbn-cn-¡-W-sa-¶-Xn-s\-¡p-dn¨v Ccp-`m-K-¡m-cp-tSbpw hmZ-§Ä a{´n tIÄ¡p-Ibpw sNbvXp. sNdp-Ip-¶p-Im-cpsS `mKw hmZn-¨p-sImv Sn. \mcm-b-W³\-¼ymÀ (A-t±lw sNdp-Ip-¶p-Im-c-\p-amWv) ]d-ª-Xn-§n-s\-bm-bn-cp-¶p. "Xfn-¸-d-¼n Bp-tXmdpw Hcp atlm-Õhw \-S-¡md-p-v. shÌvtImÌv tdmUv Xfn-¸-d-¼n IqsS-bmWp t]mIp¶-sX-¦n DÕh Znh-k-§-fn tdmUv AS-¨n-tS--Xm-bn-h-cpw. DÕ-hm-h-k-c-¯n tZh-hn-{K-l§Ä Xe-bn-se-gp-s¶Ån-¨p-sImv \r¯w-h-bv¡p¶ ]Xn-hp-v. AXp ths-¶p-h-bv-¡p-hm³ km[n-¡p-I-bn-sÃ--¶p-Å-Xp--sImv shÌvtImÌv tdmUv sNdp-Ip¶p ]g-b-§mSn hgn¡v t]mIp-¶-XmWp \Ã-Xv. t]msc-¦n Xfn-¸-d-¼p-h-gn-¡mWv tdmUp-t]m-Ip-¶-sX-¦n \mgn-I-tXmdpw \qdp-I-W-¡n\v hf-hp-I-fpÅ tdmUm-hp-a-Xv. B hmZ-¯n-s\-Xn-cmbn a{´n-tbmSv Rm³ ]dªXn§n-s\-bm-Wv. "Xfn-¸-d-¼n DÕ-h-ap-s-¶p-ÅXp icn-bm-Wv. ]s£ {io \mcm-b-W³\-¼ymÀ ]dª DÕhw Bn Hcp-Zn-hkw cm{Xn c-c-a-Wn-¡p-tijw Hcp aWn-¡qÀ am{Xw \ne-\n¡p-¶-Xm-Wv. Gdn-h-¶m B Znhkw Hcp aWn-¡qÀ am{Xw B tdmUn¡q-Sn-bpÅ KXm-KXw ths-¶p-h-¨m aXn-bm-hp-¶-XmWv. AXp-a-sæn Xfn-¸-d-¼n-se-¯p-¶-Xn\p ap¼p-Xs¶ tdmUn\p KXn-amäw sImSp-¡m-hp-¶-Xm-Wv. Xfn-¸-d-¼nÂIqsS t]mIp¶ tdmUn Nne hf-hp-IÄ Ds-¶p-ÅXp t\cm-Wv. ]s£ \mgn-Ibv¡v \qdp-I-W-¡n-\pÅ hf-hp-I-fp-s-¶pÅ \¼ym-cpsS A`n-{]mbw AXn-c-pI-S¶ AXn-i-tbm-àn-¡pÅ Hcp DZm-l-c-W-am-Wv. hmZ-§Ä tI«-Xn-\p-tijw a{´n UÂln-bn-te¡p t]mIp-Ibpw ]n¶oSv shÌvtImÌv tdmUv Xfn-¸-d-¼nÂIq-sS-Xs¶ t]mtI--Xm-sW¶v Xocpam\n¡p-Ibpw sNbvXp. "]qt¡m¯p \S-bnÂ' (C-hn-sS-bmWv DÕhw \S-¡p-¶-Xv) se¯p-¶-Xn\pap-¼mbn
tdmUp-KXn amän ]¿-¶q-cn-te¡v Xncn-bp-hm\pw Xocp-am-\n-¡-s¸-«p.
_pÄKm-\nÂ-þ-{Iq-jvtNhv
Bbn-S-bv¡mWv d-jy-bn Ìmen-\p-]-Icw _pÄKm-\ns\ {][m-\-a-{´n-bmbpw {IqjvtN-hns\ I½yq-Wn-Ìp-]mÀ«n sk{I-«-dn-bmbpw \ntbm-Kn-¨-Xv. djy-bnse t\Xm-¡-·mÀ CZw-{]-Z-a-ambn djy¡p shfn-bn k©-cn-¡p-hm³ XpS-§n-bXpw B Ime-¯m-bn-cp-¶p. _pÄKm-\n-\pw, {IqjvtNhpw H¶n¨v C´y kµÀin-¡p-hm³ Xocp-am-\n-¡p-Ibpw A§s\ AhÀ cp-t]-cpw-IqSn UÂln-bn h-cn-Ibpw sNbvXp. AÛp-X-]qÀÆ-amb Hcp kzoI-c-W-amWv djy³ t\Xm-¡Ä¡v A¶p C´ybn \ÂIn-b-Xpw. Ccp-hcpw ]mÀe-saâv luknse sk³{S lmfnÂsh¨v ]mÀe-saânse Ccp-k-`-I-fnse sa¼Àam-scbpw A`n-ap-Jo-I-cn¨v {]kw-Kn-¨p. Ah-tcm-sSm¸w H¶p-cp ]mÀ«n-I-fn ]s¦-Sp-¡p-hm\pw _pÄKm-\n\pw {IqjvtN-hp-ambn lkvX-Zm\w \S-¯p-hm\pw F\n-¡-h-k-cw-In-«n. Ah-cpsS B kµÀi-\-s¯-Xp-SÀ¶v djy-bpw, C´ybpw X½n IqSp-X ASp-¸-am-bn. C´y-bn A-hÀ k©cn¨ Øe-§-fn-seÃmw Ah-sc-¡p-dn¨v \à aXn-¸p-m-¡p-hm³ djy³t\-Xm-¡Ä¡v km[n-¨n-cp-¶p. Ah-cpsS kµÀi-\-s¯-Xp-SÀ¶v "Ipsd amk-§Ä¡p-tijw ssN\-bnse {][m-\-a-{´n-bmb Nuh³em-bnbpw C´yte¡p hcn-Ibpw C´y Kw`o-c-amb kzoI-c-W-§Ä sImSp-¡p-Ibpw sNbvXp. I½yq-Wn-Ìp-cm-Py-§-fp-ambn C´y ]qÀÆm-[nIw ASp-¡p-hm³ XpS-§n-sb¶v Cu I½yq-WnÌp t\Xm-¡-·m-cpsS kµÀi-\-§-fpsS ^e-ambn \ap¡p ]d-bm-hp-¶-Xm-Wv.
He-h-t¡mSp sd-bnÂth Unhn-j³
C-´y-bnse sdbnÂth hn`-P\w {io. tKm]m-e-kzman A¿-¦mÀ sdbnÂth a{´n-bm-bn-cp¶ Ime-¯m-cw-`n-¨-Xm-Wv. AXn-\p-tijw {io. emÂ_-l-ZqÀimkv{Xn sdbnÂth a{´n-bm-bn-cp-¶-t¸m-gmWv sdbnÂth Un-hn-j-\p-IÄ Xocp-am-\n-¡-s¸-«-Xv. sX¡³ sdbnÂth-bn Xocp-am\n-¡-s¸« sdbnÂth Unhn-j-\p-I-fn H¶n-sâ BØm\w t]m¯-¶q-cm-bn-cp¶p. tIc-f-¯n Hcp sdbnÂth Unhn-j-\n-sÃ-¶p-Å-Xn tIc-fo-b-cmb ]mÀesaâv sa¼ÀamÀ¡v Akp-Jap-m-bn. Ah-sc-Ãm-hcpw tbmPn-¨p-\n-¶p-sImv t]m¯¶q-cn\p sImSp-¡p-hm³ Xocp-am-\n-¨n-«pÅ sdbnÂthUn-hn-j³ tIc-f-¯n-em-t¡--Xm-sW¶p sdbnÂth
a{´n-tbm-Sm-h-iy-s¸-«p.
A§ns\ Ccn-bv¡p-t¼mÄ sdbnÂth sU]yq«n a{´n-bm-bn-cp¶ {io. H.-hn. Af-tI-i³ Hcp ]mÀ«n-bnÂsh¨v Ft¶m-Spw, {io. F.-sI. tKm]m-e-t\mSpw CXn-s\-¡p-dn¨v Hcp kw`m-jWw \S-¯p-I--bp-m-bn. sdbnÂ-th-Un-hn-jsâ BØm\w tIc-f-¯n-em-h-W-sa-¶p-Å-Xn-e-ÃmsX tIc-f-¯n-se-hn-sS-bm-bn-cn-¡-W-sa-¶pÅ Imcy¯n R§Ä¡p \nÀº-Ô-ap-tm-sb¶p At±lw At\z-jn-¨p. BØm\w tIc-f-¯n-em-bn-cn-¡-W-sa-¶p -am-{Xta R§Ä¡p \nÀ_-Ô-ap-Åq-sh¶v R§fpw ]d-ªp. sdbnÂth-Un-hn-j³ ae-bm-fn-IÄ¡p am{X-ap-Å-X-söpw sdbnÂth DZym-K-Ø-·m-cn Xan-gcpw DÅ-Xp-sImv Ccp-Iq-«À¡pw kuI-cy-{]-Z-amb {]tZiw He-h--t¡m-«m-sW¶pw Xan-g-cpw, ae-bm-fn-I-fp-amb hnZymÀ-°n-IÄ¡v, Xan-gpw, ae-bm-fhpw ]Tn-¡m-\pÅ kuIcyw ]me-¡mSv hnIvtSm-dnbm tImtf-Pn-ep-s-¶pw, ae-¼pg ASp-¯p-Å-Xp-sImv shÅ-¯n-\pÅ ku-Icyw H-e-h-t¡m«p IqSp-sa¶pw sjmÀ®q-cn-t\-¡mÄ ]e-Xp-sImpw Kh¬saân\p Nnehp Npcp-¡m-hp¶ {]tZiw He-h-t¡m-Sm-sW¶pw At±lw ]dªp. At±-l-¯nsâ B A`n-{]mbw R§Ä AwKo-I-cn-¡p-Ibpw sNbvXp. t]m¯-¶q-cn-em-cw-`n-¡p-hm-\p-t±-in-¨n-cp¶ sdbnÂth Unhn-jsâ BØm\w A§s\ He-h-t¡m-«n-em¡n amän. Unhn-j³ slUvtIzmÀt«Àkn-\m-h-iy-amb sI«n-S-§-fpsS tPmenbpw He-h-t¡m-«n-em-cw-`n-¡p-Ibpw sNbvXp.
sjmÀ®q-cnsâ t]cn hmZw
At¸m-gmWv tIc-f-¯n Adn-b-s¸-Sp¶ Hcp am\y³ sdbnÂth Unhn-j-\ slUvtIzmÀt«gvkv sjmÀ®q-cn-em-¡-W-sa-¶pÅ Bh-iy-hp-ambn UÂln-bn-se-¯n-b-Xv. tIc-f-¯nÂ\n-¶pÅ ]e Fw.-]n.-am-tcbpw At±lw ImWp-Ibpw Ah-cn \ns¶Ãmw At±lw H¸p-IÄ tiJ-cn-¡p-Ibpw sNbvXp. {io. shÅ Cu¨-c-\pw, Rm\p-sam-gn-¨pÅ an¡-hmdpw Fw.-]n.-am-cpsS H¸p-I-tfm-Sp-Iq-Snb Hcp \nÀtZiw sdbnÂth a{´n-bpsS I¿n In«n-b-t¸mÄ At±lw s]s«-s¶m-¶-¼-c-¶p. He-h-t¡m«p \S-¶p-sImncp¶ tPmen-IÄ \nÀ¯n-sh-bv¡p-hm³ At±lw I¸-\-sImS¡p-Ibpw sNbvXp. At¸mgmWv {io AftI-i³ Fs¶ hopw ImWphm-\n-S-h-¶Xpw, Fsâbpw, aäp-]-e-cp-tSbpw A`n-{]m-b§fdn-ªm-WtÃm Unhn-j³ slUvtIzÀ«gvkv He-h-t¡m«p Xocp-am-\n-¨-sX¶v Ft¶mSp
tNmZn¡p-Ibpw sNbvX-Xv. GXm-bmepw He-h-t¡m-«p-\n-¶v sdbnÂth Unhn-j³ amäp-hm³ Rm³ H¸p-sh-¨n-«n-söv ]d-bp-I-bpw, Ct¸mgpw Rm³ He-h-t¡m-«n-\p-thn \ne-sIm-Åp-¶p-sh¶v At±-l-¯n-\p-d-¸p-sIm-Sp-¡p-Ibpw sNbvXp. AXn-\p-tijw {io emÂ_-l-ZqÀim-kv{Xnsb Rm³ ImWp-Ibpw Ipsdtbsd ]Ww He-h-t¡m«v Nne-hp-sNbvXp Ign-ªn-«p-Å-Xp-sImv He-h-t¡m-«p-\n¶v sdbnÂth Unhn-jsâ BØm\w C\n amäp-¶-Xn\v Rm³ A\p-Iq-en-b-söv At±-l-¯n-t\mSv ]d-bp-Ibpw sNbvXp. aäpÅ ]e Fw.-]n-.amcpw Fsâ A`n-{]m-b-§Äs¡-Xn-cmbn sjmÀ®q-cn-\p-thn hmZn-¨p-sImv At±-l-¯n-s\-gp-Xn-bn-«p-s¶pw AhÀ B A`n-{]mbw amän-b-Xmbn Xs¶ Adn-bn-¨m He-h-t¡m«p \ndp-¯n-h-¨n-cn-¡p¶ {]hÀ¯n-IÄ ]p\-cm-cw-`n-¡p-¶-Xm-sW¶pw At±lw ]d-ªp.
AXn-\n-S-bn {io. F.-sI. tKm]m-es\ Rm³ ImWp-Ibpw At±-l-t¯m-Sp-IqSn Btem-Nn-¨-Xn-\p-ti-j-amWv He-h-t¡mSv BØm-\-am-¡n-b-sX¶v Rm³ HmÀ½-s¸-Sp-¯p-Ibpw sNbvXp. He-h-t¡mSv Ipsd ]Ww Nne-hp-sNbvXv t]mb-Xp-sImv C\n Ahn-sS-\n¶v BØm\w amäp-¶Xv icn-b-söv At±-lhpw k½-Xn-¨p. X§Ä FgpXn Ab¨ \nth-Z-\-¯n-s\-Xn-cmbn F§n-s\-bmWv C\n emÂ_-l-Zq-cn-t\mSp asäm¶p sN¶p ]d-bp-I F¶p-Å-Im-cy-¯n aäpÅ Fw.-]n.-amÀs¡Ãmw hfsc ssha-\-ky-ap-m-bn-cp-¶p. B Imcy-s¯-¡p-dn¨v {io. emÂ_-l-ZqÀim-kv{Xn-bp-ambn Rm³ kwkm-cn-¨p-sIm-n-cn-¡p-¶-Xn-\n-S-bn F.-sI.-Pn. AXnte IS-¶p-h-cp-I-bpw, At±-l-s¯-bpw, emÂ_-l-ZqÀim-kv{Xn-tbbpw C¡m-cy-¯n Rms\m¶p Iq«n-ap-«n-¡p-Ibpw sNbvXp. Ah-cpsS kw`m-j-W-¯n F\n-¡pÅ A`n-{]m-bw-X-s¶-bmWv F.-sI.-Pn.-bv¡p-Å-sX-¶pw, aäpÅ Fw.-]n.-am-cn ]eÀ¡pw B A`n-{]m-b-ap-s-¦nepw AXv emÂ_-l-ZqÀim-kv{Xn-tbmSp sN¶p-]-d-bp-hm³ AhÀ aSn-¡p-I-bm-sW¶pw sdbnÂth a{´nbv¡p a\-Ên-em-bn.
sdbnÂth Unhn-j³ He-h-t¡m-«p-Xs¶
GXm-bmepw cp Znh-k-§Ä¡Iw Ah-cpsS A`n-{]m-b-§ÄIqSn Xs¶ A-dn-bn-t¡--Xm-sW¶v emÂ_-l-ZqÀimkv{Xn Ft¶mSp ]d-bp-I-bp-m-bn. AXn-\n-S-bn ]me-¡m-«p-\n¶v Cu Imcy-¯n sdbnÂth-a-{´nsb ImWp-hm-s\-¯n-bn-cp¶ {ioam-·mÀ BÀ. cmL-h-ta-t\m³ (a-{Zm-knse ap³a-{´n), Iym]vä³ Pn.-BÀ. ]c-ip-cm-
a³ apX-em-b-hÀ {io emÂ_-l-ZqÀ imkv{Xnsb ImWp-Ibpw sdbnÂth Unhn-jsâ BØm\w He-h-t¡m-«p-Xs¶ Bbn-cn-t¡--Xm-sW¶v hmZn-¡p-Ibpw sNbvXn-cp-¶p. ]ns¶ Ipd¨p Znh-k§Ä¡v {io. imkv{Xnsb ImWp-hm³ Rm³ t]mbn-Ã. AXn-\n-S-bn He-h-t¡ms« {]hr-¯n-IÄ ]p\-cm-cw-`n-¡p-hm-\pÅ IÂ-]\ At±lw \ÂIp-Ibpw sNbvXp. AXp-kw-_-Ôn¨v shÅ Cu¨-csâ Hcp tNmZyw ]mÀe-saân hcp-¶p-m-bn-cp-¶p. B tNmZyw hcp-t¼mÄ D]tNmZy-§-fp-ambn sdbnÂth a{´nsb iey-s¸-Sp-¯p-hm³ {io. F.Fw. tXma-Êpw, {io. sI.-än. ANyp-X-\pw, aäpw X¿m-sd-Sp-¯p-\n-¶n-cp-¶p. F¶m tNmZyw tNmZn-¡p-hm³ Cu¨-cs\ kv]o¡À hnfn-¡p-¶-Xn-\p-ap¼v At±-lhpw Rm\pw tem_n-bn-te¡v t]mbn. tNmZyw tNmZn-¡p-hm³ Dt±-in¨ BÄ k`-bn-en-sÃ-¶p-ÅXpsImv D]-tNm-Zy-§Ä tNmZn-¡p-hm³ aämÀ¡pw Ah-k-c-§Ä In«n-b-Xp-an-Ã. tNmZy-§Ä Ignªv ]pd-¯n-d-§n-b-t¸mÄ Fsâ kmaÀ°ys¯ A`n-\-µn¨v {io. F.-Fw. tXmaÊv Ft¶mSv kwkm-cn-¡p-I-bp-m-bn. A§-s\-bmWv He-h-t¡mSv Ct¸mÄ Z£n-W-sd-bnÂ-th-bnse Hcp Unhn-j-\n slUvtIzmÀt«gvkv Bbn \ne-\n¡p-hm-\n-S-h-¶n-«p-Å-Xv.
sdbna³ kÀ¡Êv
sdbna³ kÀ¡Êv A¶p UÂlnbn-se-¯n-bn-cn-¡p-I-bm-Wv. kÀ¡-Ênsâ DS-a-Ø-\mb {io. sI. tKm]m-e\pw, AXnsâ P\-d amt\-P-cmb {io. Fw.-]n.-sI. cma-\pw, Fsâ ASp¯ kplr-¯p-¡fm-Wv. Ah-cn BZys¯ BÄ Fsâ \m«p-Im-c-\pw, Hcp _Ôphpw IqSn-bm-Wv. cm-a³ At±-l-¯nsâ izin-c-\p-am-Wv. UÂln-bn kÀ¡Êv Ifn-¡p-t¼mÄ tI{µ-a-{´n-am-cn In«p-¶-h-sc-sbÃmw Iq«n-s¡m-p-t]mbn kÀ¡Êp ImWn-¡p-hm³ Ahcpw Rm\pw X½n N«w-sI-«n-bn-cp-¶p.
A¶p tI{µ-¯n Btcm-Ky-a-{´n-bm-bn-cp¶ {ioaXn cmP-Ip-amcn Aar-X-tIm-dns\ R§Ä £Wn-¡p-Ibpw AhÀ kÀ¡Êp X¼nÂh¶v Hcp {]kwKw sN¿p-Ibpw sNbvXn-cp-¶p. asämcp Znhkw {]t£-]-W-Im-cy-§-fp-tSbpw {]kn-²o-I-c-W-h-Ip-¸n-sâbpw a{´n-bm-bn-cp¶ tUmIvSÀ. _n.-hn.-tI-jvIm-scbpw R§Ä £Wn-¡p-I-bpw, At±lw hcn-Ibpw sNbvXn-cp-¶p. tUmIvSÀ. FÊv cm[m-Ir-jvW³ (A¶v sshkv{]-kn-Upw ]n¶oSv {]kn-U-pw) {io. G.-sP. tPm¬
(Xn-cp-þ-sIm-¨n) apJy-a-{´nbpw ]n¶oSv a{Zmkv KhÀ®-dpw) ]\-¼Ån tKmhn-µ-ta-t\m³ (Xn-cp-þ-sIm¨n apJy-a-{´nbpw ]n¶oSv tI{µ-a-{´n-bpw) F¶n-h-sc-Ãmw -A-§s\ kÀ¡-Ên h¶n-«p-Å-h-cm-Wv.
emÂ_-l-ZqÀimkv{Xn
Hcp -Zn-hkw emÂ_-l-ZqÀim-kv{Xnsb IpSpw-_-k-taXw kÀ¡Êv ImWp-hm³ R§Ä £Wn-¨p. At±lw £Ww kzoI-cn-¡p-Ibpw sNbvXp. sSân At±-l-¯nsâ ASp-¯n-cp¶v kÀ¡kp Imcy-§Ä At±-l-¯n-\p ]dªpsImSp-¯Xp Rm\m-bn-cp-¶p. AXn-\p-]p-dsa At±-ls¯ Xe-tÈ-cn¡p £Wn-¡p-hm-\pw, Rm³ B kµÀ`w hn\n-tbm-Kn-¨p. sdbnÂth a{´n-bm-bn-cp-¶-t¸m At±lw awK-em-]pcw kµÀin-¨n-«p-v. ae-\mSp kt½-f-\-¯n B²y£w hln-¡p-hm³ At±lw aÀ¡m-dbpw (Ip-S-Iv) kµÀin-¨n-«p-v. aÀ¡md kt½-f-\-¯n\p Rm\pw t]mbn-cp-¶p.
A§s\ Xe-tÈ-cn¡p hS-¡pw, Ing-¡p-apÅ IÀ®m-SI {]tZ-i-§Ä kµÀin¨ emÂ_-l-Zq-dn\v Xe-tÈcn F¶ tIc-f-{]-tZiw kµÀin-¡p-hm-s\-´m-Wn{X aSn-sb¶v Rm\-t±-l-t¯mSv Xam-i-bmbn tNmZn-¨-t¸mÄ F¶m Rm³ Xe-tÈ-cnbpw kµÀin¡mw F¶-t±-l-sa-t¶mSp G¡p-Ibpw sNbvXp! Xe-tÈ-cn-þ-ssa-kqÀ sdbnÂth-bpsS Imcyw Ft¸mgpw a\-Ên-ep-m-bn-cp¶ F\n¡v AsXmcp \à k-µÀ`-am-bn-cp-¶p. Xe-tÈ-cn-þ-ssa-kqÀ sdbnÂth-bpsS Imcy-s¯-¡p-dn¨v sdbnÂth a{´n-bp-ambn ZoÀL-t\cw kw`m-jWw \S-¯p-hm³ F\n-s¡mchkcw \ÂIn. ssakq-cn-te¡p t]mIp-hm³ {io. emÂ_-l-Zq-dn\p ]cn-]m-Sn-bp-s¶pw, A§s\ ssakq-cn t]mbm Ahn-sS-\n¶p tdmUp-amÀ¤w Xe-tÈ-cn¡p hcm-sa¶pw `mhn-bn-sem-cp-]-t£--bp-m-Ip-hm³t]m-Ip¶ Xe-tÈ-cn-þ-ssa-kqÀ sdbnÂth IS-¶p-t]m-Ip-hm-\n-S-bpÅ Øe-§Ä A§s\ ImWm-sa¶pw At±-l-sa-t¶m-tS-äp.
]ns¶ At±-ls¯ ImWp-t¼m-sgÃmw B Imcyw Rmt\mÀ½n-¸n-¡p-Ibpw sNbvXp-sIm-n-cp-¶p. A¶p IÀ®m-SI tIm¬{KÊv I½nän A²y-£-\m-bn-cp-¶Xv {io. Fkv. \nP-enw-K-¸-bm-bn-cp-¶p. At±lw Fsâ-IqsS A¶p ]mÀe-saâp sa¼-dp-am-bn-cp¶p. {io. emÂ_l-ZqÀimkv{Xn ssakq-cnÂ\n¶v Xe-tÈ-cn-hsc Imdn k©-cn¡m-sa¶v Ft¶m-tS-ä-Imcyw Rm\-t±-l-t¯mSp ]d-bp-Ibpw A§s\ At±lw hcp-t¼mÄ {io. \nP-enw-K-¸bpw ssakq-cnÂ\n¶v Xe-tÈ-cn-
hsc At±-l-¯nsâ IqsS k©-cn-¡-W-sa-¶v Rm\-t]-£n-¡p-Ibpw sNbvXp. Fsâ At]£ A¶v At±lw kzoI-cn-¨p. Ipsd-\m-fp-IÄ Ign-ª-Xn-\p-tijw {io. emÂ_-l-ZqÀim-kv{Xn-bpsS ssakq-Àbm{X Xocp-am-\n¡-s¸-«p. AtXm-sSm¸w Xe-tÈ-cn-bm-{Xbpw kwL-Sn-¸n-¡p-hm³ At±lw Fs¶ hnfn-¸n¨v Imcy§ft\z-jn-¨p.
{io. emÂ_-l-ZqÀim-kv{Xn-bpsS ssakqÀbm-{Xsb XpSÀ¶p At±lw Imdn IpS-In-te-IqSn Xe-tÈ-cn¡p hcp-hm\pw A¶v Xe-tÈ-cn-bn Xma-kn¨v ]ntä-Zn-hkw hS-I-c-bpw, tImgn-t¡mSpw kµÀin-¡p-hm\pw Ahn-sS\n¶v Fd-Wm-Ip-f-¯p-t]mbn Fd-Wm-Ip-f-¯p-\n¶v tIm«-bw-hsc At¸m-tg¡p \nÀ½n-¨p-I-gn-ªn-«pÅ sdbnÂth-]m-X-bpsS DZvLm-S\w \nÀÆ-ln-¡p-hm-\p-amWv ]cn-]mSn Xocp-am-\n-¨-Xv. At±-l-¯nsâ `mcy-bpw, IpSpw-_mw-K-§-fn Nnecpw B bm{X-bn At±-ls¯ A\p-K-an-¡p-hm\pw Dt±-in-¨n-cp-¶p. C{Xbpw Imcy§Ä Xocp-am-\n-¡-s¸« DSs\ Rm³ \m«n-te¡p Xncn-¨p. IpS-InÂt]mbn A¶p IpS-Insâ apJy-a-{´n-bm-bn-cp¶ {io. kn.-Fw. ]q\-¨sb ImWp-I-bpw, emÂ_-l-ZqÀim-kv{Xn-bpsS IpSIv kµÀ-i-\-¯nsâ hni-Z-hn-h-c-§Ä At±-l-hp-ambn NÀ¨-sN-¿p-Ibpw; IpSIv kµÀi-\w-I-gnªv At±-l-hpw, ]mÀ«nbpw XetÈcn¡p Xncn¡p-t¼mÄ {io. ]q\-¨bpw IqSn At±-l-¯n-sâ-IqsS Xe-tÈ-cn¡p hcp-hm³ Rm³ £Wn-¡p-Ibpw sNbvXp. At±-lhpw Fsâ £Ww kzoI-cn-¨p.
Xe-tÈcnþssa-kqÀ sdbnÂth _Ôw
IpSIv AXnÀ¯n-bnÂ\n-¶p-Xs¶ Xe-tÈ-cn-þ-ssa-kqÀ sdbnÂth-bpsS Bh-iy-IX sdbnÂth a{´nsb t_m²y-s¸-Sp-t¯XmsW¶v Rm\m-tem-Nn-¨n-cp-¶p. IpS-In ae-_m-dn-t\mSp sXm«p-In-S-¡p¶ {]tZ-i-amWv "am¡q«w'. AhnsS Fsâ Hcp kvt\ln-X-\mbn ]n.-kn. tPmjzm F¶p t]cmb Hcp FtÌäv kq{]v Dv. Ahn-sS-sN¶v Rm\-t±-ls¯ ImWp-I-bpw, emÂ_-l-ZqÀimkv{Xn hcp-¶-hn-hcw ]d-bp-I-bpw, Kw`o-c-amb Hcp kzoI-cWw At±-l-¯n\p \ÂIp-hm³ GÀ¸m-Sp-sN-¿p-Ibpw sNbvXp. Ahn-sS-\n¶v Ccn-«n-bnÂh¶v {io. ItÃm-d¯p am[-h³\-¼ymÀ Fw.-FÂ.-F.tbbpw aäpw ImWp-Ibpw Ccn-«n-bn BZyw-h-cp¶ Hcp tI{µ-a{´n F¶ \ne-bnepw hcm³t]m-Ip¶ sdbnÂth Ccn-«n-¡p-m-Ip-hm-\n-cn-¡p¶ {]m[m-\y-s¯-¡p-dn¨v sdbnÂtha{´nsb t_m²y-s¸-Sp-t¯--hn-[-¯nepw
kzoI-cWw Kw`o-c-am-¡p-hm³ GÀ¸m-Sp-IÄ sN¿p-Ibpw sNbvXp. AXp-t]m-semcp kzoI-cWw a«-¶q-cnepw GÀ¸m-Sp-sN-bvXn-«mWv Rm³ Xe-tÈ-cn¡p Xncn-¨Xv.
Xe-tÈ-cn-bn kzoI-cWw \S-¯p-hm³ thp¶ GÀ¸m-Sp-I-sfÃmw {io. In\m¯n \mcm-b-W-s\bpw Iq«p-Im-sc-bp-amWv GÂ]n-¨-Xv. {io emÂ_-l-ZqÀim-kv{Xn-¡pw, At±-l-t¯m-sSm¸w Xe-tÈ-cn-bn F¯p¶ ]mÀ«n¡pw `£-W¯n-t\À¸mSp sNbvXn-cp-¶Xv In-\m-¯n-bpsS ho«nÂX-s¶-bm-bn-cp-¶p. kn.-Sn. cma³\-¼ym-sc-bpw-Iq-«n, {io. emÂ_-l-ZqÀim-kv{Xnsb kzoI-cn-¡p-hm³thn Rm³ ssakq-cn-te¡p t]mbn. ssakq-cnÂsh¨v {io. \nP-enw-K-¸sb ImWp-Ibpw At±-l-s¯bpw Xe-tÈ-cn¡p sImp-h-cp-hm³ GÀ¸mSp sN¿p-Ibpw sNbvXp. imkv{Xnbpw, \nP-enw-K-¸-bpw, Rm\pw Hcp Imdn-emWv ssakq-cnÂ\n¶pw ]pd-s¸-«-Xv. IpS-In At±lw kw_-Ôn-t¡-n-bn-cp¶ ]cn-]m-Sn-I-sfÃmw ]qÀ¯n-bm-Ip-¼-tg¡v kabw Bd-c-aWn Ign--ªn-cp-¶p. hoc-cm--tP-{µ-t]-«-bnse kzoI-c-W-¯n-\p-tijw {io.-kn.-Fw. ]q\-¨bpw R§-fpsS-IqsS Xe-tÈ-cn¡p ]pd-s¸-«p.
am¡q-«w, Ccn-«n, a«¶-qÀ
am¡q-«-¯n-se-¯n-b-t¸mÄ {io.tPzm-jbpw Iq«p-Imcpw s\än-]«w sI«nb B\-I-tfm-Sp-IqSn AXn-Kw-`o-c-amb Hcp kzoI-c-W-amWv imkv{Xn¡v sImSp-¯-Xv. AXn-t\-¡mÄ hnP-b-{]-Z-amb Hcp kzoI-c-W-amWv Ccn-«n-bn In«n-b-Xv. Ahn-sS-bpw, a«¶q-cnepw tNÀ¶ alm-tbm-K-§-fn {io. emÂ_-l-ZqÀimkv{Xn {]kw-Kn-¡p-Ibpw At±-l-¯nsâ {]kwKw Rm³ ]cn-`m-j-s¸-Sp-¯p-Ibpw sNbvXp.
Xe-tÈcn s]mXp-tbmKw
Xe-tÈcn Su¬lm-fn ap\n-kn-¸mÄ Iu¬kn hI Hcp kzoI-c-W-ap-m-bn-cp-¶p. kzoI-c-W-¯n-\-t±lw \µn-]-d-bp-I-bpw, X\n¡p ]d-bp-hm-\p-Å-sXÃmw s]mXp-tbm-K-¯n ]d-bm-sa-t¶Â¡p-Ibpw sNbvXp. kzoI-cW alm-tbmKw tNÀ¶Xp Xe-tÈcn ssaXm-\n-bn h¨m-bn-cp-¶p. AhnsS sh¨-t±lw sNbvX {]kw-K-¯n Xe-tÈ-cn-¡mÀ¡pw, ae-_mÀImÀ¡pw, Xe-tÈ-cn-þ-ssa-kqÀ sdbnÂth F{X-am{Xw {]nb-s¸-«-Xm-sW¶v X\n¡v Cu ]cy-S-\-¯n a\-Ên-em-bn-«p-s-¶pw, Cu tbmK-¯nÂsh¨v sdbnÂth-bpsS Imcy-¯n Fs´-¦nepw ]d-bmsX IS-¶p-t]m-Ip-hm³ X\n¡p km[n-¡m-Xn-cn-¡p-I-bm-
sW¶pw AYhm IS-¶p-t]m-Ip-hm³ {ian-¡p-I-bm-sW-¦n Hcp-`m-K¯p \nP-enw-K-¸-bpw, adp-`m-K-¯p-]q-\-¨-bpw, aq¶m-a-sXmcp `m-K¯p Zmtam-Z-c-\pw \n¡p-¶-s¶pw AhÀ¡p aq¶p-t]À¡pw hfsc {][m-\-amb H¶mWv Xe-tÈ-cn-þ-ssa-kqÀ sdbnÂth-sb¶pw AXp-sImv Xe-tÈ-cn-þ-ssa-kqÀ sdbnÂth-bpsS kÀtÆ-tPmen ASp-¯p-Xs¶ Bcw-`n-¡p¶Xm-sW¶pw At±lw {]Jym-]n-¨p.
Fd-Wm-Ip-fw-þ-tIm-«-bw-þ-sd-bnÂth DZvLm-S\w
]ntä-Zn-hkw hS-I-c-bpw, tImgn-t¡m«pw kµÀin¨v At±lw Fd-Wm-Ip-f-t¯¡p t]mbn. At±-l-¯nsâ B bm{X-bn Rm\pw At±-ls¯ A\p-K-an-¨n-cp-¶p. Fd-Wm-Ip-f-¯p-\n-¶p- BZy-ambn tIm«bw hsc HmSnb B hn-bn R§Ä \S-¯nb bm{X F\ns¡mcn-¡epw ad-¡pI km²y-a-Ã. B Xohn sN¶p-\n¶ tÌj\p-I-fn-seÃmw shSn-s¡-«p-I-tfm-Sp-IqSn Kw`oc kzoI-c-W-§-fmWv e`n-¨p-sIm-n-cp-¶-Xv. tIm«-b-am-bn-cp¶p A¶s¯ HSp-hn-es¯ tÌj³. tIm«bw sdbnÂth PwKvj-\nÂsh¨v a{´n-¡pw, ]mÀ«n¡pw Un¶-dp-m-bn-cp-¶p. AXp Ign-ª-Xn-\p-ti-j-amWv {io emÂ_-l-ZqÀimkv{Xn UÂln-bn-te-¡pw, Rm³ Xncn¨p \m«n-te¡pw aS-§n-b-Xv.
Xe-tÈ-cn-þ-ssa-kqÀ sdbn kÀsh
imkv{Xn Xncn-¨p-t]mbn cp-am-k-§Ä¡p-Ån Xe-tÈ-cn-þ-ssa-kqÀ sdbnÂth kÀtÆ sN¿p-hm-\pÅ ]mÀ«n Xe-tÈ-cn-bn-se-¯p-Ibpw kÀtÆ {]hr¯n Bcw-`n-¡p-Ibpw sNbvXp. B Du¡nÂXs¶ {]hÀ¯n-¡p-hm-\m-fp-m-bn-cp-¶p-sh-¦n Xe-tÈ-cn-þ-ssa-kqÀ sdbnÂsh Cs¶mcp bmYmÀ°y-am-Ip-am-bn-cp-¶p. awK-em-]p-cw-þ-lm-ʳ sd-bnÂth-bpsS Imcyw AXn-\p-ap¼pw Btem-N-\-bn-ep-m-bn-cp-¶p-sh-¦n-epw, Xe-tÈ-cn-þ-ssa-kqÀ sdbnÂsh-bpsS Imcyw apt¶m«p h¶-t¸mÄ awK-em-]p-cw-þ-lm-ʳsd-bnÂth ]n³X-Å-s¸«p t]mbn-cp-¶p. AXn-\p-tijw ]n¶oSpw ]e kw`-h-§-fp-ap-m-bn. awK-em-]pcw Hcp taPÀlmÀ_dm¡n XoÀ¡p-hm³ Xocp-am-\n-¨p. kwØm\ ]p\Àhn-`-P\w \S-¶p. awK-em-]p-c-hpw, ssakqdpw Hcp tÌän-em-bn. ssakqÀIm-À¡v Xe-tÈ-cn-sb-¡mÄ XmÂ]cyw awK-em-]p-c-¯nsâ t]cn-em-bn. awK-em-]pcw lmÀ_-dn-te¡v ssakq-dnsâ DÄ{]-tZ-i-§-fnÂ\n¶v Ccp-¼-bncv Ib-än-s¡m-p-t]m--Ip-hm³ awK-em-]p-cw-þ-lm-ʳsd-bnÂth AXym-h-iy-am-sW¶p h¶p.
Acn-b-ÃqÀ Xoh-n-b-]-I-S-¯n-\p-tijw {io emÂ_-l-ZqÀimkv{Xn sdbnÂth a{´n-]Zw cmPn-sh-¨p. Rm³ ]mÀe-nbsaâp sa¼-d-Ãm-Xm-bn. A§s\ Ht«sd Imc-W-§Ä sImv Xe-tÈ-cn-þ-ssa-kqÀ sdbnÂth Ah-K-Wn-¡-s¸-Sp-hm\pw awK-em-]p-cw-þ-lm-ʳ sdbnÂth-bpsS {]hr¯n Bcw-`n-¡-s¸-Sp-hm\pw CS-h-¶p.
t_m[-Kbm kÀthm-Zb kt½-f\w
_olm-dn-epÅ t_m[-K-b-bnÂsh¨mWp B sImÃw kÀtÆm-Z-b-k-t½-f\w tNcp-hm³ Xocp-am-\n-¨n-cp-¶-Xv. kÀtÆm-Zb kt½-f-\-¯n ]s¦-Sp-¡p-hm³ sI.-Sn. ANyp-X-\pw, Rm\pw aäp Nne kplr-¯p-¡-fpw-IqSn Xocp-am-\n-¨p. A§s\ UÂln-bnÂ\n¶v R§Ä bm{X-Xn-cn-¡p-I-bpw, _p²-`-K-hm\p t_mt[mZbw In-«nb "Kb' \K-c-¯n F¯n-t¨-cp-Ibpw sNbvXp. "Kbm'dbnÂthtÌ-j-\nÂ\n¶p aqt¶m \mtem ssaep-IÄ¡-Ise ^mÂKp \Zo-Xo-c-¯n-em-bn-cp¶p kt½-f\-Ø-ew. alm-Ihn Ipam-c-\m-im³ NÞm-e-`n-£p-In-bn {]Xn-]m-Zn-¨n-«pÅ \Zn-bmWv ^mÂKp-\-Zn. DjvW-Im-e¯p Ahn-S-§-fn-epÅ AXn-I-Tn-\-amb DjvWs¯-¡p-dn¨p "Np«pt]mw Xqh-se-¶mWv' Ihn ]mSp-¶-Xv. F¶m DjvW-Im-e¯v ^mÂKp\Zo-Xo-c-s¯-¯n-b-t¸m-gmWp alm-I-hn-bpsS B hnh-c-W-¯nsâ HuNnXyw a\-Ên-em-b-Xv.
"k_v PKm tKm]m Im tl'
"FÃm `qanbpw tKm]m-e-tâ-XmWv' (ssZ-h-¯n-tâ-Xm-Wv) `qan apgp-h³ Cuiz-c-tâ-Xm-sW¶pw shÅ-hpw, hmbphpwt]mse AsX-Ãm-hÀ¡pw Ah-Im-i-s¸-«-Xp-am-sW-¶mWv AXnsâ kmcw. AXp kt½f\-¸-´-en ]e-bn-S-§-fnepw Fgp-Xn-h-¨n-«p-v. AXmWp kÀtÆm-Z-b-k-t½-f\w {]N-cn-¸n¨ {][m-\-amb ap{Zm-hm-Iyw. BNm-cy-hn-t\m-_m-Pn-bpsS t\Xr-Xz-¯n-epw, km¶n-²y-¯n-ep-amWv kt½-f\w \S-¶n-cp-¶-Xv.
kt½-f-\m-\-´cw _p²-`-K-hm\p At\Iw \qäm-p-IÄ¡p ap¼p t_mt[m-Z-b-ap-mb t_m[-K-b-bnse _p²-t£-{X-§Ä R§Ä kµÀin-¨p. B t£{X-¯n ap¼p-m-bn-cp¶ Hcp BÂa-c-¯nsâ (t_m-[n-hr-£-¯n-sâ) Nph-«nÂsh-¨mWp [ym\-\n-c-X-\m-bn-¡-gn-ªn-cp¶ _p²-`-K-hm\p t_m[-ap-m-b-Xv. A¶s¯ B hr£w C¶-hn-sS-bn-sÃ-¦nepw AXp-t]m-epÅ asämcp hr£w C¶--hnsS hf-cp-¶p-v.
]cn-]m-h-\-amb B Øe¯v Iptd-t\cw Nn´m-a-á-cmbn Ign-ª-Xn-\p-ti-j-amWp R§Ä t_m[-K-b-tbmSp hnS-hm§n ]ncn-ª-Xv.
UÂln-bn {io\m-cm-b-W-i-Xm_vZn
{io\m-cm-b-W-Kp-cp-tZ-h-cpsS P·-i-Xm_vZn 1956-þ BWtÃm h¶p-tNÀ¶-Xv. \mSnsâ \m\m-`m-K-§-fnepw iXm_vZn BtLm-j-§Ä sImm-Sp-hm-\pÅ Hcp-¡-§Ä \S-¶p-sIm-n-cp-¶p. C´ym-cm-Py-¯nsâ Xe-Øm-\-amb UÂln-bnÂsh¨pw iXm_vZn BtLm-jn-t¡--Xm-sW¶p Rm\pw UÂln-bnse Nne kplr-¯p-¡-fpw-IqSn Btem-Nn-¨p. B Ime¯v Rm³ ]mÀen-b-saâp sa¼-dm-bn-cp-¶-Xp-sImp B Imcy-¯n F\n¡p kuIcyw IqSp-Ibpw sN¿p-am-bn-cp-¶p. sI.-Sn. ANyp-X-\pw, Rm\pw H¯p-tNÀ¶mWv AXn-\p-th ]cn-{i-a§fm-cw-`n-¨-Xv. UÂln-bn iXm_vZn BtLm-j-§Ä¡p-thn R-§Ä Hcp I½nän cq]o-I-cn-¨p.
ASp-¯-Im-e¯v tI{µ-K-h¬saânsâ sl¯v kÀÆo-kkv Ubd-IvSÀ P\-dÂØm-\-¯p-\n¶p dn«-bÀsNbvX e^vS-\âv tIW kn.-sI. e£va-Wsâ A²y-£-X-bn-emWv R§Ä I½nän Dm-¡n-b-Xv. B I½nän-bpsS sshkv{]-kn-Uv Rm\mbn-cp-¶p. I½-nän-¡p-thn tbmKw hnfn-¨p-Iq-«n-b-h-cn \m\m-Pm-Xn-a-X-Ø-cmb Ht«sd al-Xo-a-lm-·m-cp-ap-m-bn-cp-¶p. BNm-cy-Ir-]-em-\n, Fkv. \nP-enw-K¸ XpS§n AJn-te´ym {]kn-²-cmb Ht«sd t\Xm-¡-³amcpw Ah-cpsS Iq«-¯n-ep-m-bn-cp-¶p.
A¶p C´y-bpsS sshkv{]-kn-U-m-bn-cp¶ tUm. Fkv. cm[m-Ir-jvW-\m-bn-cp¶p kt½-f-\-¯n B²y£w hln-¨n-cp-¶Xv. {io. PKvPo-h³dmam-bn-cp¶p kt½-f\w DZvLm-S\w sNbvXn-cp-¶-Xv. A¶p \ne-hn-ep-m-bn-cp¶ tIm¬ÌnSyq-j³ ¢ºnÂsh¨m-bn-cp¶p kt½-f\w \S-¶n-cp-¶-Xv. {io\m-cm-b-Wsâ P·-Zn\w BZy-ambn UÂln-bnÂsh¨p sImm-Snb kµÀ-`-am-bn-cp¶p AXv. ae-bm-fn-IÄ¡p-]p-dsa adp-\m-«p-Im-cpw, D¯--tc-´y-¡m-cp-amb \nc-h[n Bfp-IÄ kw_-Ôn¨ Hcp tZiob atlm-Õ-h-¯nsâ {]XoXn A¶s¯ B BtLm-j-]-cn-]m-Sn-IÄ-¡p-m-bn-cp-¶p. A¶p tI{µ-a-{´nbpw AJn-te´ym ]n¶m¡ kap-Zmb t\Xm-hp-am-bn-cp¶ tUm. ]©m-_vdm-hp-tZ-i-ap-Jv, kÀ. kn.-]n. cma-kzm-anA¿À F¶n-hÀ A¶s¯ {]mkw-Kn-I-·m-cm-bn-cp-¶p. kÀ.-kn.-]n. cma-kzman A¿À¡p A¶p UÂln-bn F¯n-
t¨-cp-hm³ km[n-¨n-sænepw Bt±-l-¯nsâ FgpXn X¿m-dm-¡nb {]kwKw kt½-f-\-¯n hmbn-¡p-I-bp-m-bn. "PmXn tNmZn-¡cpXv, ]d-b-cp-Xv, hnNmc-n-¡-cp-Xv' F¶pw "Hcp PmXn, Hcp- aXw Hcp ssZhw a\p-jy\v' F¶pw aäp-apÅ {io\m-cm-bW kqà-§Ä UÂln-bnse B kZ-Ên\p AXy´w ]pXp-a-bpÅ Kpcp-h-N-\-§-fm-bn-cp-¶p. C{Xbpw ]ptcm-K-a-\-Nn-´m-K-Xn-bpÅ Hcp BNm-cy-h-cy³ tIc-f-¯n \qdp-sIm-Ã-§Ä¡p-ap¼p P\n-¨n-cp-¶p-sh-¶pÅ hkvXpX Ahsc AÛp-X-s¸-Sp-¯n.
tUm: cm[m-Ir-jvWsâ A²y£{]kwKw XXz-Nn-´m-]-c-ambn AXy´w DÂ-Ir-jvS-amb H¶m-bn-cp-¶p. PK-Öo-h³dmansâ DZvLm-S\ {]kw-K-¯n {io\m-cm-b-W-Kp-cp-tZ-h³ tIc-f-¯n hcp-¯nb hn¹-h-I-c-§-fmb ]cn-hÀ¯-\-§Ä \mtfsd sNÃp-¶-Xn\p ap³]mbn C´y apgp-h³ kzoI-cn-t¡n hcp-sa¶pw F¶m am{Xta \mw ssIhcn-¨n-cn-¡p¶ kzmX{´yw ]qÀ®-am-hp-I-bp-Åq-sh¶pw ]d-ªp. cmjv{So-b-kzm-X{´yw \mw t\Sn-sb-¦nepw kmap-Zm-bnI kzm-X{´yw C\nbpw t\Sp-hm-\n-cn-¡p-¶-tX-bp-Åq-sh¶pw AXnsâ Bcw-`-s¯-bmWv {io\m-c-mb-W-Kp-cp-tZ-h-cpsS hn¹hw Ipdn-¡p-¶-sX¶pw At±lw Iq«n-t¨À-¯p. tIc-f-¯n ]nd¶ Hcp alm-]p-cp-jsâ iXm_vZntbm P·-\mtfm BZy-ambn C´y-bpsS Xe-Øm-\-\-K-cn-bnÂsh¨p sImm-bn-b-X-¶m-bn-cp-¶p. ae-bm-fn-IÄs¡Ãmw A`n-am-\-¯n\p hI-bp-m-¡n-s¡m-Sp¯ Hcp kw`-h-am-bn-cp¶p A¶s¯ {io\m-cm-bW iXm_vZn BtLm-jw.
ImjvaoÀ kµÀi-\mÀ°w ]mÀe-saâv sa¼-d-·m-cpsS Hcp kwLw t]mIp-hm-s\m-cp-§n-b-Xn Rm\p-ap-m-bn-cp-¶p. UÂln-bnÂ\n¶v ]¯mw-tImSvhsc Xnhnbnepw, ]¯mw-tIm-Sp-\o¶v {io\-KÀhsc _Êp-I-fn-ep-am-bn-«mWv R§Ä bm{X sNbvX-Xv. ]¯mw-tIm-«nÂ\n¶pw bm{X-Xn-cn¨ R§Ä BZyw X§nbXv P½p-hn-em-bn-cp-¶p. ae--_m-dp-Im-cmb sdbn-a-³ kÀ-¡-Êp-ImÀ P½p-hn Ah-cpsS {]ZÀi\w \S-¯p-¶p-m-bn-cp-¶p. AhÀ R§sf Ah-cpsS "X¼nÂ'sh¨v kzoI-cn-¡p-I-bpw, kÀ¡Êv {]ZÀi-\-§Ä ImWp-hm³ R§sf £Wn-¡p-Ibpw sNbvXp. P½p-\-Kcw H¶p Npän-¡--Xn-\p-tijw R§Ä {io\-K-cn-te¡v Xncn-¨p. _\n-lmÀ]mkv IS¶p A¸p-d-s¯-¯n-b-t¸mÄ ImjvaoÀ Xmgvhmcw R§-fpsS ap¶n Xpd-¶p-sh-¨-Xp-t]mse tXm¶n.
AXp-hsc R§Ä ae-I-b-dp-I-bm-bn-cp-¶p. C\n ae Cd-t§--Xm-bn-«m-Wn-cn-¡p-¶-Xv. AXy´w kpµ-c-amb ImjvaoÀ Xmgvhc kµÀin-¡p-hm³ Bn Gähpw \à amk-§-fmb sk]vXw-_À-þ-H-IvtSm-_À amk-§-fmWp R-§Ä Xnc-sª-Sp-¯n-cp-¶-Xv. Xmgvhc-bnÂIqSn Ipsd aWn-¡q-dp-IÄ HmSn-b-Xn-\p-tijw cp Znhkw \op-\n-¶-Xpw, Ccp-\q-tdmfw ssabn-ep-I-fp-m-bn-cp-¶-Xp-amb R-§-fpsS B _Êp bm{X {io\-K-c-¯n h¨-h-km-\n-¨p. {io\-K-c-¯n Hcp henb tlm«-en-em-bn-cp¶p R§Ä cp-Zn-hkw Xmakn-¨-Xv. AXn-\p-tijw Xv[ew-\-Zn-bn-epÅ Hcp lukv t_m«n-te¡p R§Ä Xmakw amän. shÅ-¯n \nebp-d-¸n-¨n-«pÅ henb t_m«p-I-fmWp Cu lukvt_m-«p-IÄ. Hc-p ho«n \ap¡p {]Xo-£n-¡m-hp¶ kuIcy-§-sfÃmw an¡-hm-dpw, lukp-t_m-«p-I-fn-ep-apm-bn-c-n¡p-w. shff-¯n-emWv Xma-kn-¡p-¶-psh-¶p-Å-Xn Hcp {]tXyI kt´mjw tXm¶p-sa-¶p-Å-X-ÃmsX tIc-fo-b-cmb \ap¡p lukp-t_m-«p-I-fnse PohnXw A{X-tbsd Bim-hl-am-sW¶v ]d-ªp-Iq-Sm.
iw{Im-NmÀ
{io\-K-dnÂ\n¶p Btd-gp-ssa-e-Ise "iw{Im-NmÀ' F¶ t]cn Adn-b-s¸-«p-h-cp¶ Hcp henb Ip¶p-v. B Ip¶p ImWp-hm³ R§Ä t]mbn-cp-¶p. tIc-f-¯nse Ime-Sn-bn ]nd¶v ap¸-¯n-cp hb-Ên-\p-ap³]p ImÂ\-S-bmbn `mcXsa§pw k©-cn¨v AssZz-X-a-X-{]-Nmcw \S-¯nb {io i¦m-Nm-cyÀ Imjvao-cnepw IS-¶p-sN-¶n-
cp¶psh¶pw At±-l-¯nsâ kvamc-I-am-bn-«mWv "iw{Im-NmÀ' F¶ t]cn B Ip¶p \ne-\n¡p-¶-sX¶pw R§Ä¡-hn-sS-sh¨p a\-Ên-em-bn. Ip¶n-te¡p Ib-dp-hm³ IÂ]-S-hp-IÄ sI«n-bn-«pv. IÂ]-S-hp-I-fnÂIqSn Ip¶n-\p-ap-I-fn-se-¯n-b-t¸mÄ Ahn-sS i¦-cm-Nm-cyÀ {]Xn-jvT-\-S-¯nb tZhot£{Xw ImWp-hm³ R§-Ä¡p Ign--ªp. `mc-X-¯nsâ sXt¡ Aä-amb tIc-f-¯n ]nd¶v hSt¡ Aä-¯pÅ Imjvao-cn-temfw \S-¶p-sN¶v Ahn-sSbpw t£{X-{]-XnjvT \S-¯nb {io i¦-cm-Nm-cysc a\-Êm-\-a-kvI-cn-¨p-sIm-mWv R-§Ä B Ip¶p-hn«v Iotgm-«n-d-§n-b-Xv.
hqfqÀ-þ-jm-en-amÀ-þ-\n-j¯v
A¶p-Xs¶ Imjvao-cnse AXn-a-t\m-l-c-amb "hpfqÀ' XSmIw R§Ä kµÀin-¨p. jmen-amÀ-þ-\n-j¯v F¶o t]cp-I-fn {]kn-²-§-fmb apKÄtXm-«-§-fpw, R§Ä Ip. UÂln-bn apK-f-·mÀ cmPyw `cn-¨n-cp-¶-t¸mÄ DjvW-Imew Nne-h-gn-¡p-hm³ Ah-cn-e-[n-I-t]cpw Imjvao-cn t]mIm-dp-m-bn-cp-¶p. Ah-cpsS DÃm-k-¯n-\p-thn \nÀ½n¨ AXn-a-t\m-l-c-§-fmb DZym-\-§-fmWv jmen-am-dpw-þ-\n-j¯pw
`£n-bpsS k¡mcw
Xncn¨v R§Ä {io\-K-dn-te¡p h¶p. Ahn-sS-bpÅ "UmÂ' XSm-I-hpw, Xv[ew-\-Zo-Xo-c-¯pÅ Akw-»n-lmfpw I-Xn-\p-ti-jw, Imjvao-cn A¶p apJy-a-{´n-bm-bn-cp¶ `£n Kpemw apl-½Zv (C-sX-gp-Xn-¡-gn-ª-Xn-\p-tijw Cu¿n-sS-bmWv At±lw A´-cn-¨-Xv) R§-fpsS _lp-am-\mÀ°w GÀs¸-Sp-¯n-bn-cp¶ k¡m-c-¯n R§Ä ]¦p-sIm-p. apJy-a-{´n-bpsS HutZym-Kn-I-h-k-Xn-bnÂsh-¨m-bn-cp¶p Nmb-k¡m-cw. At±-l-hp-ambn Ipsd-t\cw kw`m-jWw \S-¯n-b-Xn-\p-tijw R§-f-t±-l-¯n-t\mSp bm{X-]-dªp ]ncn-ªp. A¶p Imjvao-cn\p C¶-s¯-t]m-epÅ kwØm-\-]-Zhn Dm-bn-cp-¶n-Ã.
kZm-þ-dn-þ-dn-bm-k¯v
tÌänsâ `c-W-¯-e-h³ kZm-þ-dn-þ-dn-bm-k¯v Bbn-cp-¶p. Ct¸mÄ tI{µKh¬saân a{´n-bm-bn-cn-¡p¶ {io. Ic¬knwKv Bbn-cp¶p A¶p P½p-þ-Im-jvao-cnse kZm-þ-dn-þ-dn-bm-k-¯v. R§Ä At±-l-¯nsâ sIm«m-c-¯nÂsN¶v At±-ls¯ kµÀin-¡p-I-bpw, At±-l-hp-ambn Ipi-e-{]-iv\-§Ä \S-¯p-Ibpw sNbvXp.
KpÂamÀKþ]-lÂKmw
{io\-K-dn¶p ]pd-¯pÅ cp-aq¶p at\m-l-c-§-fmb {]tZ-i-§ÄIqsS Imivao-cn R§Ä kµÀin-¨n-cp-¶p. Ah-bn-sem-¶m-bn-cp¶p Imivao-cnse taml-\-amb KpÂamÀ¤. KpÂam¤nÂ-\n¶v aq¶p \mgnI IpXn-c-¸p-d-tadn Ip¶p-I-b-dn-bm "InÂamÀ¤n'se¯mw. AXpw AXnat\mlc-amb Hcp {]tZiam-Wv. C´y-bnse {][m-\-s¸« kµÀi\tI{µ§fn-sem-¶mWv KpÂamÀ¤pw AXn-t\m-S-\p-_-Ôn-¨p-In-S-¡p¶ IoÂamÀ¤pw. asäm-cp-Zn-hkw R§Ä ]lÂKm-ante¡p t]mbn. kzÑ\oen-a-tbm-Sp-Iq-Snb shÅ-sam-gp-Ip¶ at\m-l-c-amb Hcmdv ]lÂKm-ans\ A\p-{K-ln-¡p-¶p. kµÀi-I-·msc BËm-Zn-¸n-¡p-hm³ Ign-hpÅ Hcp kpµ-c-{]-tZ-i-amWv ]lÂKmw. Ahn-sS-\n-¶mWv kp{]-kn-²-amb AaÀ\mYv Kpl-bn-te¡v lna-]mXw sImp-m-Ip¶ inh-enwKw ImWp-hm³ XoÀ°m-S-I³ bm{X XpS-t§--Xv.
]lÂKm-anÂ\n¶p Xncn¨v R§Ä hopw {io\-K-dn-se-¯n. A\-´-\mKv, amÀ¯m-Þv, _mdm-ap-f F¶o Øe-§fpw R§-f-Xn-\n-S-bn k©-cn-¨p. ]m¡n-Ømsâ ImivaoÀ B{I-a-W-Im-e¯v ]m¡n-Øm-\p-ambn tLmc-amb B{I-a-W-§Ä \S¶ Øe-§fpw R§Ä kµÀin-¨n-cp-¶p. B bp²-¯n hoc-arXyp hcn¨ "{_ntK-Un-bÀ Dkvamsâ ih-Ip-So-chpw Ip. C´y-bnse {][m-\-s¸« kqcy-t£-{X-§-fn-sem-¶mWp amÀ¯m-Þn-ep-Å-Xv. HdoÊ-bnse tImWmÀ¡ t£{X-s¯-t¸mse {]kn-²-amb H¶mWp amÀ¯m-Þs¯ kqcy-t£-{Xw.
R§-fpsS ImivaoÀ ]cy-S-\-¯n-\n-S-bn sdbn-a³ kÀ¡-Ênsâ P\-d amt\-PÀ {io. Fw.-]n.sI. cma³ {io\-K-dn sh¨v Fs¶ ImWp-hm-\n-S-bm-bn. A¶v P½p-þ-Im-ivao-cn A[n-Im-c-¯n-en-cp¶ \mj-\ tIm¬^-d³knsâ P\-d sk{I-«dn `£n-Kpemw djoZv Bbn-cp-¶p. At±-lhpw Fw.-]n.-sI. cma\pw ]cn-N-b-¡m-cm-bn-cp-¶p. A§ns\ At±-l-s¯bpw Iq«n Fs¶-¡m-Wp-hm³ cma³ Rm³ Xma-kn-¨n-cp¶ lukv t_m«n-te¡p h¶p. Ahn-sS-sh¨v P½p-þ-Im-ivao-cnse cmjv{Sob Imcy-§sf¡pdn¨v R§Ä hf-sc-t\cw kwkm-cn-¡p-I-bp-m-bn. N{µn-I-bpÅ A¶s¯ cm{Xn cmasâ hI-bmbn Xv[ew \Zn-bnÂIqSn AXy´w DÃm-k-{]-Z-amb Hcp t_m«p-bm-{Xbpw R§Ä \S-¯n-bn-cp-¶p. ]¯p-\m-fp-I-tfmfw \op-\n¶ R§-fpsS B ImivaoÀ ]cy-S\w a\-Ên ambmsX ]Xn-ªp-In-S-¡p¶ H¶m-sW¶v ]d-bmw.
B Ime-L-«-¯n-emWv {io. sI. Zmtam-Z-csâ t\Xr-Xz-¯n-epÅ "Ia-em-kÀ¡Êv' UÂln-bn h¶-Xv. Xsâ kÀ¡kv ]Þnäv Ph-lÀem s\lvdp-hns\ H¶p ImWn-¡-W-sa¶v {io. Zmtam-Z-c\p AXn-bmb B{K-l-ap-m-bn-cp-¶p. B hnhcw At±lw Xsâ kl-]m-Tn-bm-bn-cp¶ {io. F.-sI. tKm]m-e-s\-bpw, UÂln-bnÂ\n-¶pÅ ]mÀe-saâv sa¼Àam-cn-sem-cm-fmb {io. IrjvW³\m-b-sc-bpw, Fs¶bpw Adn-bn-¨n-cp-¶p. At±-l-¯nsâ B{Klw k^-eo-Ir-X-am-Ip-hm³ R§Ä aq¶p-t]cpw ]cn-{i-a-§-fm-cw-`n-¡p-Ibpw sNbvXp. AXv A{X Ffp-¸-apÅ Imcy-am-bn-cp-¶n-Ã. ]Þnäv Ph-lÀ-emÂs\lvdp Hcp kÀ¡Êv IXv ]¯p-sIm-Ã-§Ä¡p ap¼m-bn-cp-¶p. AXn-\p-tijw ]n¶osSmcp kÀ¡Êv ImWp-hm³ At±-l-¯n-\-h-kcw e`n-¨n-cp-¶n-Ã.
GXm-bmepw R§-fpsS ]cn-{i-a-§Ä Ah-km\w hnP-b-{]-Z-am-bn. Ia-em-kÀ¡-Ênsâ sSânÂh¶v ]Þnäv s\lvdp kÀ¡Êp ImWm-sa¶v k½-Xn-¨p. At±-ls¯ kzoI-cn-¡p-hm³ thp¶ GÀ¸m-Sp-I-sfÃmw kÀ¡-Êp-S-a-Ø-\mb Zmtam-Z-c\pw R§-fpw-IqSn Btem-Nn¨p Xocp-am-\n-¨p. ]Þnäv s\lvdp kÀ¡Êp ImWm-sa-t¶-ä-Zn-hkw R§-f-t±-ls¯ kzoI-cn-¡p-hm³ X¿m-dmbn Im¯n-cp-¶p. At±-lhpw {ioaXn Cµn-cm-Km-Ônbpw Ah-cpsS `À¯m-hmb {io. ^ntdm-kvKmÔn Fw.-]n.bpw Ah-cpsS Ip«n-I-fmb cmPo-hvKm-Ôn, kÖbvKmÔn F¶-h-tcm-Sp-IqSn kÀ-¡kv X¼n-se-¯p-Ibpw sNbvXp. {io. Zmtam-Z-c\pw kÀ¡kv amt\-P-cm-bn-cp¶ {io. Iw-]pÅn _me-\pw, R§-fpw IqSn-tNÀ¶v Ahsc kzoI-cn-¨p-sIm-p-t]m-bn-cp-¯n. ]ÞnävPnbpw IpSpw-_mw-K-§fpw hf-sc-t\cw kÀ¡kv In-cn-¡p-Ibpw AhÀ t]mIm-s\m-cp-§n-b-t¸mÄ kÀ¡-Ê-`ym-kn-I-fmb cp sIm¨p-Ip-«n-IÄ AhÀ¡p s_ms¡ k½m-\n-¡p-Ibpw sNbvXp. B sIm¨p-Ip-«n-Isf ]ÞnävPn ]nSns¨m¶p Ipep¡n bm{X-]-dªp t]mIp-Ibpw sNbvXp.
]pcn-bnse kÀtÆ-mZ-b-k-t½-f\w
kÀtÆm-Z-b-k-t½-f\w hopw h¶p. C¡pdn AXp \S-¡p-¶Xv Hdo-Ê-bnse PK-¶mY ]pcn-bnÂsh-¨m-Wv. C¡p-dnbpw kt½-f-\-¯n\p t]mIp-hm³ Nne kplr-¯p-¡fpw Rm\pw-IqSn Xocp-am-\n-¨p. t]mIp-¶-Xn\p cp Znh-k-§Ä¡p-ap¼p {ioam³ sI. tIf-¸-t\mSp R§Ä B hnhcw ]d-ªp. At¸mÄ At±-l-¯n\pw hcp-hm³ B{K-l-ap-
m-bn. A§ns\ tIf-¸\pw R§fpw UÂln-bnÂ\n¶v ]pcn-bn-te¡p ]pd-s¸-«p. ]pcn-bn-se-¯n-b-t¸mÄ tIc-f-¯nÂ\n¶p kÀtÆm-Z-b-kt½f\-¯n ]s¦-Sp-¡p-hm³ Ahn-sS-sb-¯n-bn-cp¶ ae-bmfn kplr-¯p-¡-fn ]e-tcbpw R§Ä¡-hn-sS-h¨p ImWp-hm³ Ign-ªp. Ah-cn {ioam³ sI. Ipam-csâ(ap¼p Beo-]pcw Pbn-enÂ\n¶p NmSn-t¸m-hp-Ibpw hopw AtX Pbn-enÂXs¶ XS-hp-]p-Ån-bm-bn-¡-gn-bp-Ibpw sNbvX-Xn-\p-tijw PbnÂhn-ap-à-\mbn ]pd-¯p-t]mbn KmÔn-tk-hm-k-Zbw Øm]n¨v kÀtÆm-Zb {]hÀ¯-I-\mbn amdn-bn-cn-¡p¶ BÄ)bpw {io. F.hn. {ioIWvT-s]m-Xp-hm-fp-tSbpw (F-sâ-IqsS Hm«w-Xp-Å-ep-ambn t_mws_¡p h¶n-cp¶ kplr¯v) t]cp-IÄ {]tXyIw {]kvXm-hy-§-fm-Wv. sI. Ipam-c\pw Rm\pw X½n Beo-]pcw Pbn-enÂsh-¨p-m-bn-cp¶ ]cn-Nbw H¶p-IqSn ]pXp-¡p-hm³ ]pcn-k-t½-f\w R-§Äs¡m-c-h-kcw \ÂIn.
R§Ä X½n ]e-Im-cy-§-sf-¡p-dn¨pw kwkm-cn-¨-Xn-\n-S-bn {ioam³ sI. tIf-¸s\ kÀtÆm-Z-b-¯n-te¡p BIÀjn-t¡--Xn-s\-¡p-dn¨pw kwkm-cn-¨p. tIf-¸³ At¸mÄ {]Pm-tkm-jy-en-Ìp-]mÀ«n-bn-ew-K-am-bn-cp-¶p. Rm-\m-]mÀ«n-bnÂ\n¶pw At¸mÄ hn«p-\n¡p-I-bp-am-bn-cp-¶p. Ipam-c\pw Rm\pw IqSn-bm-tem-Nn-¨-Xnsâ ^e-ambn hnt\m-_m-Pn-bpw, tIf-¸\pw X½n Hcp IqSn-¡mgvN \S-¯p-hm-\pÅ GÀ¸mSp-IÄ Ipam-c³ sN¿m-ta-t¶-äp. A§s\ ]pcn-bnse kÀtÆm-Zb kt½-f-\-Ø-e-¯pÅ hnt\m-_m-Pn-bpsS IpSo-c-¯nÂ-sh¨p hnt\m-_m-Pn-bpw, tIf-¸\pw X½n IqSn-¡mgvN \S-¶p. kÀtÆm-Z-b-¯n-te¡p hnt\m-_mPn tIf-¸s\ £Wn-¨p. s]s«¶p B cwK-¯n-te¡p IS-¶p-h-cp-hm³ X\n-s¡m-¡p-I-bn-söpw ]mÀe-saâv sa¼ÀØm-\-¯nsâ Imem-h[n Ignªm Xm³ hcm-sa¶pw {io tIf-¸³ hnt\m-_m-Pn-tbm-tS-äp. A{Xbpw Imcy§Ä ]pcn-k-t½-f-\-¯-nÂsh¨p \S-¶-Xn Ipam-c-\pw, Rm\pw AXy´w kt´mjn-¡p-Ibpw B Imcy-¯n R§-fn-cp-hcpw hln--¨-]-¦n A`n-am\w sImÅp-Ibpw sNbvXp.
]pcn-k-t½-f-\-¯n hnt\m-_m-Pn-bpsS {]kw-K-ap-m-bn-cp-¶p. ]pcn-k-t½-f\w Ignªp R§-sfÃmw Ah-c-h-cpsS hgn¡p t]mbn. hnt\m-_m-Pn-tbmSp tIf-¸Pn sNbvX hmKvZ¯w At±lw ]cn-]m-en-¨p. At±-l-¯nsâ ]mÀe-saâp sa¼ÀØm\w Ah-km-\n-¡p-¶-Xp-hsc At±lw kÀtÆm-Z-b-¯n-¶p-thn Imcy-ambn H¶pw {]hÀ¯n-¨n-cp-¶n-Ã. B Ime¯v At±lw XnI¨pw Hcp {]Pm-tkm-jy-en-Ìp-Im-
c-\m-bn-Xs¶ {]hÀ¯n-¨p. ]mÀe-saâp sa¼ÀØm\w Ah-km-\n-¡p-Ibpw At±lw tIc-f-¯n Xncn-s¨-¯p-Ibpw sNbvX-Xn-\p-tijw tIc-f-¯nse kÀtÆm-Zb {]Øm-\-¯nsâ t\XrXzw At±lw Gsä-Sp-¡p-Ibpw B {]Øm-\-¯n BI-WvTw-ap-gpIn {]hÀ¯n-¡p-Ibpw sNbvXp. ]n¶oSv cmP-Øm-\nse BPvao-cnÂ-sh¨p \S¶ kÀtÆm-Zb kt½-f-\-¯n tIf-¸³ B²y£w hln-¡p-Ibpw sNbvXn-«p-v.
s\lvdphpw If-cn-¸-bäpw
A[n-I-am-k§Ä Ign-bp-¶-Xn-\p-ap³]v tIc-f-¯nÂ\n¶v kn.-hn. tKmhn-µ³Ip-«n-\m-b-cpsS t\Xr-Xz-¯n Hcp If-cn-b-`ym-k-kwLw UÂ-ln-bn-se-¯n. tKmhn-µ³Ip-«n-\m-bÀ ]tc-X-\mb kn.-hn. \mcm-b-W³\m-b-cpsS ]p{X-\m-Wv. Xe-tÈ-cn-bn-epw, tImgn-t¡m-«p-apÅ {][m-\-s¸« If-cn-b-`ym-kn-IÄ B kwL-¯n-ep-m-bn-cp-¶p. "kn.-hn.F³. tIcf Ifcn' kwLw F¶ t]cn tIc-f-¯nsâ ]e `mK-§-fnepw If-cn-IÄ \S-¯n-s¡m-n-cn-¡p¶ Hcp kwL-am-W-Xv. tImgn-t¡ms« If-cn-bnse cp sIm¨p-s]¬Ip-«n-Ifpw B kwL-¯n-ep-m-bn-cp-¶p. B kwLs¯ UÂln-bn-te¡p hcp-¯p-hm³ Bh-iy-amb GÀ¸m-Sp-IÄ sNbvXn-cp-¶Xv {ioam³amÀ kn. Irjv-W³\mbÀ Fw.-]n.-bpw, F.-sI.-tKm-]m-e³ Fw.-]n.bpw, Rm\p-am-bn-cp-¶p. UÂln-bn \S¶ cp {]ZÀi-\-§-fn H¶n {io ^ntdm--kvKmÔn(C-µn-c-mKmÔnbpsS `À¯m-hv)bpw kw_-Ôn-¨n-cp-¶p. At±-l-¯n\v B {]ZÀi-\-§Ä hfsc AÛp-X-I-c-§-fmbn tXm¶p-Ibpw At±lw B hnhcw ]Þnäv Ph-lÀemÀ s\lvdp-hn-t\mSv ]d-bp-Ibpw sNbvXn-cp-¶p.
B L«-¯n-em-Wv R§Ä ]Þnäv s\lvdp-hns\ kµÀin-¨Xpw If-cn-¸b-än-s\-¡p-dn¨v At±-l-hp-ambn kw`m-jWw \S-¯n-b-Xpw. At±-l-¯nsâ ho«nÂsh¨v Hcp {]ZÀi\w \S-¯p-hm³ R§-tfm-Sm-h-iy-s¸-«p. ImWn-I-fmbn At±l-¯n-\n-jvS-apÅ Ipsd Bfp-Isf Xm³Xs¶ £Wn-¡p-¶-Xm-sW¶pw At±lw ]d-ªp. A§s\ ]Þnäv Ph-lÀem s\lvdp-hnsâ HutZym-Kn-IhkXn-bm-bn-cp¶ "Xo³aqÀ¯n' `h-\nÂh¨v tIc-f-I-f-cn-kw-L-¯nsâ hI Hcp If-cn-b-`ym-k-{]-ZÀi\w \S-¯p-I-bp-m-bn. kn.-hn. tKmhn-µ³Ip«n \mb-cpw, At±-l-¯nsâ ktlm-Z-c³ {io[-c³\m-b-cpw, kn.-hn. A¸p-\-¼ymÀ, bp. Ipam-c³ F¶n-hcpw cp sIm¨p-_m-en-I-amcpw aäpw DÄs¸-«-Xm-bn-cp¶p A¶s¯ kn.-hn.F³. tIc-f-I-f-cn-kw-Lw. ]Þnäv s\lvdp A¶s¯ B Ifcn
A`ym-k-{]-ZÀi\-§-fn AXn-bmb XmÂ]cyw {]I-Sn-¸n-¡p-I-bp-m-bn. A`ymk{]ZÀi-\-§Ä¡p-tijw At±lw {]ZÀi\w ImWphm³h¶ Hcm-fpsS "hm¡nw-KvÌn¡v' ]nSn-s¨-Sp-¯p-sImv Nne AS-hp-I-fpw, hSn-hp-Ifpw {]ZÀin-¸n-¡p-I-bp-m-bn. Ah-bpsS Nne ]S-§Ä t^mt«m-{Km-^ÀamÀ ]nSn-¡p-Ibpw Ah-bv¡v A´ÀtZ-iob {]ikvXn e`n-¡p-Ibpw sNbvXn-«p-v. A`ym-k-ap-d-I-fnse Hmtcm C\-§fpw kZ-kyÀ¡v hyà-am-¡n-s¡m-Sp-¯Xpw A`ym-kn-Isf ]Þnäv s\lvdp-hn\v ]cn-N-b-s¸-Sp¯n sImSp-¯Xpw Rm\m-bn-cp-¶p.
s\lvdphpw kÀ. kn.]n.-bpw
{]ZÀi-\-]-cn-]m-Sn-I-sfÃmw Ign-ª-Xn-\p-tijw ]ÞnävPn Fs¶ ASp¯p hnfn-¡p-Ibpw A`ym-kn-IÄ¡v At±-l-¯nsâ hI-bmbn Hcp ]mcn-tXm-jnIw Fs¶ GÂ]n-¡p-Ibpw sNbvXp. tKmhn-µ³Ip-«n-bpsS AÑ-\m-bn-cp¶ {io. kn.-hn. \mcm-b-W³\m-b-cpsS ]bäp {]ZÀi-\-§Ä Xncp-h-\-´-]p-c-¯p-h¨v ]{´p sImÃ-§Ä¡p-ap¼v I-t¸mÄ A¶v Xncp-hn-Xmw-IqÀ Znhm-\m-b-ncp¶ kn.-]n. cma-kzm-an-A-¿À Fs¶ GÂ-]n¨ B ]mcn-tXm-jn-I-s¯-¡p-dn¨v Rm\-t¸m-sfm-t¶mÀ¯p-t]m-bn, Hcp Ime¯v ]Þnäv Ph-lcnem s\lvdp-hpw, kn.-]n. cma-kzman A¿-cpw, tIm¬{K-Ênsâ P\-dÂsk-{I-«-dn-am-cm-bn-cp-¶p. A§-s\-bpÅ kn.-]n. cma-kzm-anA¿À ]ns¶ Hcp Ime¯v {_n«ojv _yqtdm-{I-kn-bpsS Xnf-§p¶ Hcm-`-c-W-ambn Xncp-h-\-´-]p-c¯v {]tim-`n-¨n-cp-¶-t¸mÄ ]Þnäv Ph-l-cn-em s\lvdp C´ybn {_n-«o-jp-Im-cpsS Pbn-en InS-¡p-I-bm-bn-cp-¶p. A¶v kn.-]n. cma-kzm-an-A-¿À ]mcn-tXm-jnIw sImSp-¯n-cp-¶Xv kn-hn. \mcm-b-W³\m-bÀ¡m-bn-cp-¶p-sh-¦n C¶v C´y-bpsS {][m-\-a-{´n-bmbn¡gn-ªn-cn-¡p¶ ]Þnäv Ph-l-À-emÂs\lvdp At±-l-¯nsâ aI-\mb kn.hn. tKmhn-µ³Ip-«n-\m-bÀ¡mWv ]mcn-tXm-jnIw sImSp-¡p-¶-Xv. B tKmhn-µ³Ip-«n-\m-bcmWv C¶v Xncp-h-\-´-]p-c¯v Ifcn \S-¯n-s¡m-n-cn-¡p-I-bm-Wv.
]Þnäv s\lvdp-hnsâ ae-_mÀ ]cy-S\w
{io. Ph-lÀ-emÂs\lvdp ae-_m-dn Hcp ]cy-S\w \S-¯p-hm³ Xocp-am-\n-¨n-cp-¶p. At±-l-¯nsâ ]cy-S-\-]-cn-]m-Sn-bn Fsâ \ntbm-P-I-a-Þ-e-¯nÂ-s¸« XetÈcn, hS-Ic F¶o {]tZ-i-§ÄIqSn DÄs¸-Sp-¯p-hm³ Rm³ {ian-¡p-Ibpw B cp {]tZ-i-§ÄIqSn kµÀin-¡p-hm³ At±lw k½-Xn-¡p-Ibpw tImgn-t¡m-«p-\n¶v ImdnÂ
bm{X-Xn-cn¨v a¿gn-bnÂsh¨v `£Ww Ign-¡p-hm-\mWv BZyw Dt±-in-¨n-cp-¶-sX-¦nepw Xe-tÈ-cn-bnÂsh¨v Fsâ BXnYyw kzoI-cn¨v `£Ww Ign-¡p-hm³ Rm\-t]-£n-¨-t¸mÄ At±lw B At]£ kzoI-cn-¡p-I-bm-Wp-m-b-Xv. Xsâ-IqsS D¨-`-£Ww Ign-¡p-hm³ A[n-Iw BfpIsf £Wn-t¡--Xn-söpw Hcn-cp-]¯©p]-t]-sc-am{Xw £Wn-¨m aXn-sb¶pw At±-lw-Xs¶ \nÀt±in-¨n-cp¶p.
tImb¼-¯q-cnÂh-¨mWp ]ÞnävPn At±-l-¯nsâ ]cy-S\w Bcw-`n-¨-Xv. tImb-¼-¯q-cnse tbmK-¯n\v Rm\pw t]mbn-cp-¶p. AXp-I-gnªv At±lw ]me-¡m-«p-IqSn tImgn-t¡m-s«-¯p-¶-Xn-\n-Sbv¡v Rm³ t\sc tImgn-t¡m-t«¡p hcp-Ibpw AhnsS ]Þnäv s\lvdp {]kw-Kn¨ tbmK-¯n kw_-Ôn-¡p-Ibpw sNbvXp. tImgn-t¡m«v {]kw-Kn¨ tbmK-¯nÂsh¨mWv At±lw apÉoweoKns\ N¯ IpXn-c-tbm-Sp-]-an-¨-Xv. A¶v tImgn-t¡m-«p-sh¨v At±lw sNbvX {]kw-K-¯nsâ D¯-hm-Zn-I-fm-cm-sW¶v Ct¸mÄ Btem-Nn-¨n«v Imcy-an-sÃ-¦nepw, XetÈ-cn-tbm-Ks¯ kw_-Ôn¨v AXp Ipsd-sbÃmw hnj-a-§-fp-m-¡n-sb¶p ]d-tb--Xm-bn-«p-v. ]ntäZnhkw Ime¯v At±lw hS-I-c-bn-se-¯p-Ibpw tNm¼m ssaXm-\n-bnÂtNÀ¶ h¼n¨ Hcp alm-tbm-K-¯n {]kw-Kn-¡p-Ibpw sNbvXp.
hS-I-c-bn ]Þnäv s\lvdp-hns\ kzoI-cn-¡p-hm³ Hcp-¡-§Ä sNbvXn-cp-¶Xv Fsâ `mcy-bpsS ktlm-Zco `À¯m-hpw, hS-I-c-bnse ]©m-b¯p t_mÀUv (A¶v hS-Ic ap\n-kn-¸m-enän Bbn-cp-¶n-Ã.) {]kn-U-p-am-bn-cp¶ {io. ]n.]n. Ipªn-cm-a³ h¡o-ensâ t\Xr-Xz-¯n-epÅ Hcp I½-nän-bm-bn-cp-¶p. ae-_mÀ A¶v a{Zmkv kwØm-\-¯n-em-bn-cp-¶-Xp-sImv a{Zmkv apJy-a{´n {io. sI. Ima-cmPpw s\lvdp-hns\ A\p-K-an-¡p-¶p-m-bn-cp-¶p. At±-ls¯ A\p-K-an-¨-h-cn asäm-cmÄ A¶p At±-l-¯nsâ ]mÀe-saâdn sk{I-«-dn-bm-bn-cp¶ {io. kmZ¯v Beo-Jm³ Bbn-cp-¶p. hS-I-c-bn At±lw sNbvX {]kwKw ]cn-`m-j-s¸-Sp-¯n-bXv Rm\m-bn-cp-¶p. hS-I-c-bnse {]kwKwIgnªv ]ÞnävPn a¿-gn-bnse AUvan-\n-kvt{S-ä-cpsS B^o-kn-te¡p t]mIp-Ibpw sNbvXp. ]Þn-ävPnbpw ]mÀ«nbpw Xe-tÈcn ssaXm-\n-bn-se-¯p-t¼m-tg¡v Ahsc kzoI-cn-¡p-hm³ Rm-\-hnsS k¶n-ln-X-\m-bn-cp-¶p. Xe-tÈ-cn-bn-se-¯nb DSs\ Xm³ Ft¸m-gmWv AXn-\p-ap¼v Xe-tÈ-cn-bn h¶n-cp-¶-sX¶v At±lw Ft¶mSp tNmZn-¨p. AXv At±-l-¯nsâ H-¶m-as¯ k-µÀi-\-am-sW¶p Rm³ ]d-
ª-t¸mÄ At±lw AÛp-X-s¸-«p. tImgn-t¡m-«pw, I®qcpw ]¿-¶q-cnepw ap¼p ]ÞnävPn h¶n-cp-¶p-sh-¦nepw Ncn-{X-{]-kn-²-amb Xe-tÈ-cn-bn At±lw hcp-¶Xv H¶m-as¯ Xh-W-bm-sW¶v Rm³ ]d-bp-Ibpw {_n«o-jp-ImÀ tIc-f-¯n BZy-ambn ssIh-i-s¸-Sp-¯nb Øew Xe-tÈcn Bbn-cp-¶p-sh¶v At¸mÄ ]d-bp-Ibpw sNbvXp. B hkvXpX AXn-bmb XmÂ]-cy-t¯m-Sp-Iq-Sn-bmWv At±lw {Kln-¨-Xv. C´y-bn H¶m-a-Xmbn {_n«o-jp-ImÀ ssIh-i-s¸-Sp-¯nb Øew kqdäv BsW¶v At±lw Fs¶ HmÀ-½-s¸-Sp-¯p-hm\pw B kµÀ`w D]-tbm-Kn-¨p.
Xe-tÈcn ssaXm-\n-bn \«p-¨bv¡v k¶n-ln-X-cm-bn-cp¶ Ac-e-£-t¯mfw hcp¶ P\-¡q-«s¯ A`n-ap-Jo-I-cn¨v ]-ÞnävPn {]kw-Kn-¨p. At±-l-¯nsâ Xe-tÈcn {]kw-Khpw Rm³ Xs¶ ]cn-`m-j-s¸-Sp-¯n. AXyp-Õm-l-t¯m-Sp-Iq-Sn-bmWp ]Þn-äv-Pn Xe-tÈ-cn-bn ImW-s¸-«-Xv. {]kwKw Ignªv tÌPnÂ\n¶v Xmtg-¡n-d-§p-t¼mÄ Fsâ Npa-en ]nSn-¨p-sIm-mWv At±lw Cd-§n-b-Xv. t\sc R§Ä At±-l-¯n\v `£Ww Ign-¡p-hm³ GÀ-¸mSp sNbvXn-cp¶ C³kvs]-£³ _w¥m-hn-te¡v t]mbn. AhnsS At±-ls¯ kznI-cn-¡p-hm³ Fsâ `mcy-bpw, aäpÅ AXn-Yn-Ifpw Im¯n-cn-¡p-¶p-m-bn-cp-¶p. a{Zmkv Akw-»n-bn apÉow-eo-Knsâ Akw-»n-I-£n-t\-Xm-hmb {io tIm«m D¸n-km-tl--_pw {][m-\s-¸« aä-Xn-Yn-I-fpw A¶-hnsS k¶n-ln-X-cm-bn-«p-m-bn-cp-¶p. tIm«m-ep-¸n-k-tl-_ns\ (At±lw Cu¿n-sS \ncym-X-\m-bn) ]Þn-ävPn¡p ]cn-N-b-s¸-Sp-¯n-b-t¸mÄ Xte-Zn-hkw tImgn-t¡m«p IS-¸p-d-¯p-h¨v apÉow-eoKv N¯-Ip-Xn-c-bm-sW¶v ]ÞnävPn ]dª Imcyw D¸n-km-tl_v HmÀ¡p-¶p-m-hp-I-bntà F¶v Rm³ Btem-Nn-¨p.
FÃm-h-tcbpw ]cn-N-b-s¸-Sp-¯n-b-Xn-¶p-tijw R§Ä `£Ww Ign-¡p-hm-\m-bn-cp-¶p. `£Ww Ign-ª-Xn-\p-tijw ]ÞnävPn hn{i-an-¡p-hm³thn Ac-a-Wn-¡qÀ Xsâ apdn-bnÂt]mbn InS-¶p. Ac-a-Wn-¡qÀI-gnªv ]pd-¯p-h¶p At±lw Ipd-¨p-t\cw Xs¶ ImWp-hm³ hcp-¶-h-cp-ambn kw`m-jWw \S-¯p-I-bpw, C³kvs]-£³ _w¥m-hnÂ\n¶v t\m¡n-bm ISepw ]pg-Ifpw X½n tNcp¶ B at\m-l-c-Zriyw Ipd-¨p-t\cw t\m¡n-\n¡p-Ibpw sNbvXp. ]ns¶ hopw At±lw bm{X-bm-cw-`n-¨p. At±-ls¯ A\p-K-an-¨p-sImv Rm\pw bm{X-bm-bn. At±-l-¯nsâ ]n¶n bm{X-sN-bvXn-cp¶ F\n¡v At±-l-t¯m-sSm¸w I®q-cn-epÅ ¹mävt^m-an F¯n-t¨-cp-
hm³ Ign-ªn-Ã. Ahn-sS-h¨v asäm-cm-fmWv AXp-sImv At±-l-¯nsâ {]kwKw ]cn-`m-j-s¸-Sp-¯n-b-Xv. I®q-cnse {]kwKw Ign-ª-bp-Ss\ ]Þn-ävPnbv¡p k©-cn-¡p-hm³ k¶-²-am-¡n-h-¨n-cp¶ Xoh-n-bn At±-lhpw R§-fp-saÃmw Ib-dp-Ibpw hn ]¿-¶q-cn-se-¯n-\nÂ-¡p-Ibpw sNbvXp.
]¿-¶qÀ sdbnÂsh-tÌ-j-¶-Sp-¯p-X-s¶-bm-bn-cp¶p {]kwKa©w GÀ¸mSp sNbvXn-cp-¶-Xv. Xoh-n-bnÂ\n¶v R§Ä Cd-§nb DSs\ {io Ima-cmPv Fsâ ASp¯p hcn-Ibpw ]Þn-ävPn-bpsS {]kwKw XÀÖna sN¿p-hm³thn At±l-¯nsâ IqsSXs¶ ¹mäp-t^m-an-te¡p sNÃp-hm³ Ft¶m-Sm-h-iy-s¸-Sp-Ibpw sNbvXp. Rm³ A§ns\ ]Þ-nävPn-bpsS ]n¶mse \S¶v ¹mävt^m-an Ib-dn-b-t¸mÄ ¹mävt^m-an-\p-ap-I-fn {io. Sn.hn. Nm¯p-¡p-«n-\m-bÀ \nÂ-¡p-¶-Xm-bn-«mWv I-Xv. At±lw ]Þn-ävPnsb kao-]n-¡p-Ibpw ]Þn-ävPn-bpsS {]kwKw ]cn-`m-j-s¸-Sp-¯p-hm³ At±-l-¯n-\-h-kcw sImSp-¡-W-sa-¶-t]-£n-¡p-Ibpw 1928-þ ]ÞnävPn ]¿-¶qÀ cmjv{So-b-k-t½f\-¯n B-²y£w hln-¡p-hm³ h¶-t¸mÄ Xsâ AXn-Yn-bm-bn-«mWv Xma-kn-¨n-cp-¶-sX¶v HmÀ½-s¸-Sp-¯p-Ibpw sNbvXp. A§s\ ]Þn-ävPn-bpsS ]¿-¶q-cnse {]kwKw {io. Sn.-hn. Nm¯p-¡p-«n-\m-b-cmWv ]cn-`m-j-s¸-Sp-¯n-b-Xv.
]¿-¶q-cnse {]kwKw Ignªv hopw R§Ä Xoh-n-bn Ib-dp-Ibpw bm{X-Xp-S-cp-Ibpw sNbvXp. sNdp-h-¯q-cn hn¡p shÅ-sa-Sp-¡p-hm³thn hn \ndp-¯n-bn-cp-¶p. ]ÞnävPn k©-cn-¡p¶ kvs]jy hn-bm-W-sX¶v sNdp-h-¯q-cnse Bfp-IÄ¡v Adn-bm-am-bn-cp-¶-Xp-sImv [mcmfw Bfp-IÄ tÌj-\n Im¯p-\n¡p-¶p-m-bn-cp-¶p. Bfp-Isf Im¸ns¶ ]Þn-ävPn¡p hn-bn-en-cn-¡pI km²y-a-Ã-tÃm. hn-bnÂ\n¶v At±lw s]s«¶v NmSn-bn-d§n BÄ¡q-«-¯n-\-Sp-t¯bv¡v \S-¶p-Xp-S-§n.
Rm\pw s]s«-¶n-d§n At±-ls¯ A\p-K-an-¨p. P\-§-fp-ambn At±lw Ipd¨p kw`m-jWw \S-¯n. P\-§Ä¡pw At±-l-¯n\pw CS-bn Hcp Zzn`m-jn-bmbn Rm³ hÀ¯n-¡p-Ibpw sNbvXp. hopw R-§Ä bm{X-Xp-S-cp-Ibpw cm{Xn F«p-a-Wn-tbm-Sp-IqSn awK-em-]p-c-s¯-¯n-t¨-cp-Ibpw sNbvXp.
B tbmK-¯n-¶p-tij-ambn awK-em-]p-cs¯ cm{Xn-bnse `£-W-]-cn-]mSn A¶p-cm{Xn R§-sf-Ãm-hcpw Ahn-sS-\n¶v `£Ww Ign-¡p-Ibpw ]ntä-Zn-hkw "_m¨vt]' hnam-\-¯m-h-f-¯nÂ\n¶v ]Þn-ävPn-tbmSv
bm{X-]-dªp ]ncn-bp-Ibpw sNbvX-Xn-\p-tijw Rm³ hopw Xe-tÈ-cn¡p aS-§n.
At±lw Xe-tÈ-cn-bn h¶Xpw Fsâ BXnYyw kzoI-cn-¨Xpw Fs¶ kw_-Ôn¨v hf-sc-sa-¨-s¸« Imcy-§fmbn-cp-¶p. F¶m ]Þn-ävPn-sb-t¸mse hniz-hn-Jym-X-\mb Hcp alm-]p-cp-j\v BXnYyacp-fphm³ am{Xw {]m]vXntbm Ignthm CÃm-Xn-cp¶ Rm³ AXn-s\m-cp-§nbXv Hcp henb kml-k-Ir-Xyambnt¸m-sb¶v F\n¡p ]n¶o-SmWv t_m²y-am-b-Xv. Hcp-]s£ Fs¶ hopw temI-k-`-bn-te-¡-b-¡m-Xn-cn-¡m-\pÅ Imc-W-§-fn-sem¶v AX-sÃ-sb¶v F\n¡p _e-amb kwi-b-ap-v. ]ÞnävPn Fs¶ hfsc A[nIw CjvS-s¸-Sp-¶p-s¶p A¶p Xe-tÈ-cn-bnepw hS-I-c-bnepw ]ÞnävPnsb ImWp-hm\pw At±-l-¯nsâ {]kwKw tIÄ¡p-hm\pw h¶n-cp¶ FÃm-hÀ¡pw t_m²y-am-bn-«pv. Xe-tÈ-cn-bn Fsâ AXn-Yn-bm-bn-«mWv At±lw Xma-kn-¨Xpw `£Ww Ign-¨-Xpw.
Ccp-]-¯n-b-©n-e-[nIw Bfp-Isf `£-W-¯n¶v £Wn-¡-cp-sX¶pw At±lw t\cs¯ Ft¶mSv ]d-ªn-cp-¶-Xp-sImv hf-sc-b-[nIw Bfp-Isf F\n¡v £Wn-¡p-hm³ km[n-¨n-Ã. km[n-¡p-am-bn-cp-s¶-¦nÂXs¶ AhÀs¡Ãmw Ccn-¡p-hm³ Øew sImSp-¡p-hm³ km[n-¡p-am-bn-cp-¶n-Ã. A{Xbpw t]À¡v `£Ww sImSp-¡-W-sa-¦n AXn\p Nne-hm-t¡n hcp¶ kwJy `oa-am-bn-cn-¡p-Ibpw sN¿pw. AXn-s\-\n¡p \nhÀ¯n-bp-an-Ã. ]Þn-ävPn-bpsS IqsS `£Ww Ign-¡p-hm³ £Wn-¡-s¸-Sm-Xn-cp-¶-h-scÃmw Fsâ i{Xp-¡-fm-bn. £Wn-¨-h-cn \sÃmcp hn`mKw apÉow-eo-Kp-Im-cm-bn-cp-¶p.
Xte-Zn-hkw tImgn-t¡m«v h¨v ]ÞnävPn apÉow eoKns\ "N¯-Ip-Xnc'sb¶v hn-fn-¨-t¸mÄ Ah-cp-sasâ hntcm-[n-I-fmbn. Npcp-¡-¯n Bbn-c-¯n-tesd Ddp-¸nI Nne-hp-sNbvXv ]Þn-ävPn¡v Fsâ hI Hcp e©v sImSp-¯-Xnsâ ^e-ambn Fsâ kplr-¯p-¡-fm-bn-cn-t¡hcn ]ecpw Fsâ i{Xp-¡-fm-bn. Fs¶ hopw ]mÀe-saân-te-¡-b-¡p-I-bm-sW-¦n Rm³ AhnsS Fs´-¦n-ep-sam-¶m-bn-¡-f-bp-sa¶pÅ `bhpw Akq-bbpw D-Å-hcpw Iq«-¯n-ep-m-bn-cp-¶p.
G-Xm-bmepw Ah-cp-sS-sbÃmw Hfnªpw sXfn-ªp-apÅ FXnÀ¸nsâ ^e-am-bn-«p-Iq-Sn-bmWv Xe-tÈ-cn-bnÂ\n-¶pÅ tIm¬{KÊv Sn¡äv F\n¡v In«m-Xn-cp-¶-Xv. AXn-te¡v hgn-sX-fn-bn¨ Hcp {][m\ kw`-h-s¯-¡p-dn¨v Rm³ ]n¶oSv ]d-bmw.
B{Ô kwØm\ cq]-h¡-c-W-s¯-¯p-SÀ¶v kwØm-\-§-fpsS ]p\-kw-L-S-\-sb-¡p-dn¨v ]mÀe-saân-\-I¯pw ]pd¯pw henb hmZ-tIm-em-l-e§Ä \S-¶n-cp-¶XpsImv C\n B {]iv\w \o«n-s¡m-p-t]m-hpI km²y-a-söv ]Þnäv Ph-lÀem s\lvdp-hn\p t_m²y-s¸-«p. At±lw Hcp kwØm\ ]p\Àhn-`-P\ I½o-js\ \nb-an¨p ^k-eq Aen sNbÀam-\pw, ]Þnäv lrZ-b-\m-Y-Ip{kp, kÀZmÀ sI.-Fw. ]Wn-¡À F¶n-hÀ sa¼Àam-cp-am-bn-«mWv I½o-j³ Dm-¡n-b-Xv. B I½o-j³ C´y-bpsS hnhn[ `mK-§Ä kµÀ-in-¡p-Ibpw sX-fn-hp-IÄ FSp-¡p-Ibpw sNbvXn-\p-tijw dnt¸mÀs«-gpXn kaÀ¸n-¨p. B dnt¸mÀ«v ]mÀ-e-saânsâ ]cn-K-W-\¡p hcn-Ibpw AXns\¡pdn¨v ]mÀe-saân hmZ-{]-Xn-hm-Z-§Ä \S-¡p-Ibpw sNbvXp. AXn ]s¦-Sp¯v Rm\pw {]kw-Kn-¨n-cp-¶p.
Fsâ {]kw-K-¯n ]c-ip-cm-a³ IS-enÂ\n¶pw tIc-fs¯ hos-Sp¯ IY ]d-bp-Ibpw ]c-ip-cm-asâ agp-hnsâ ]nSn NnX Xn¶p-I-f-ª-Xp-sImv HcpXhW am{Xta At±-l-¯n\p B ]cip IS-en-te-bvs¡-dn-bp-hm³ km[n-¨p-Åq-sh¶pw AXp-sImv A¶-t±lw IS-enÂ\n¶p hos-Sp¯ tIc-fw-Xs¶ tKmIÀ®w apX at©-iz-cw-h-scbpw I\ym-Ip-am-cn-ap-X ]md-Èm-e-h-scbpw Fkv.-BÀ.-kn. (State Reorganization Commission)NnX-ep-IÄ Xn¶pIgn-ªn-cn-¡p-I-bm-sW¶pw ]d-ªp. Pn¶m-km-tl_v ]mIn-Øm-s\-¡p-dn¨v ]d-ªn-«p-Å-Xp-t]mse sh«n-ap-dn¨v ]mä-Xn¶ tIc-f-amWv \ap-¡n¶v In«n-bn-«p-Å-sX¶pw Rm³ ]d-ªn-cp-¶p. Fsâ B {]kwKw dnt¸mÀ«v sNbvXp-h-¶-t¸mÄ ]ecpw Fs¶ A`n-\-µn-¨p-sImv F\n¡v Fgp-¯p-IÄ Ab-¨n-cp-¶p. 1956þ\-hw-_Àamkw H¶mw-Xo-bXn C¶p \mw ImWp-¶-Xp-t]m-epÅ tIcfw \ne-hnÂh-¶p. sIm¨n-bn B Ime¯v Akw-»n-bp-m-bn-cp-¶n-Ã. AhnsS {]kn-Up `c-W-am-bn-cp-¶p. ae-_m-dnÂ\n¶v a{Zmkv Akw-»n-bn-te¡v sXc-sª-Sp-¡-s¸-«n-cp¶ sa¼ÀamÀ¡v t]mIp-hm³ thsd Akw-»nbpw Dm-bn-cp-¶n-Ã. AXpsImv Ah-cp-sS-sb-Ãm-h-cp-tSbpw Akw»n sa¼ÀØm\w d±p-sN-¿p-Ibpw tIcfw apgp-h³ {]kn-Up `c-W-¯n sImp-h-cn-I-bpamWp-m-b-Xv.
D¯-tc-´y-bn AXn-`-b-¦-c-amb Hcp {]fbw Dm-bn. D¯-c-{]-tZiw, _olmÀ, _wKmÄ, BÊmw F¶n-hn-S-§-fn hfsc Øe-§Ä shÅ-¯n-¶-Sn-bn-em-bn. {]f-b-_m-[n-X-{]-tZ-i-§Ä hnam-\-¯nÂs¨¶v ]cn-tim-[n-¡p-hm³ ]Þnäv Ph-lÀemÂs\lvdp Xocp-am-\n-¨p. IqsS Ccp-]Xv Fw.-]n.-am-tcbpw sImp-t]m-Ip-hm³ At±lw Hcp-§n.
A§ns\ sXc-sª-Sp-¡-s¸« Ccp-]Xv Fw.-]n. amcn Rm\pw DÄs¸-«n-cp-¶p. A¶p-cm-hnse R§-sf-Ãm-hcpw hnam-\-¯m-h-f-¯n-se-¯n. cp hnam-\-§fnembn-«mWv Bfp-Isf sImp-t]m-Ip-hm³ GÀ¸mSp sNbvXn-cp-¶-Xv. `mKy-h-im F\n¡p s\lvdp-hnsâ hnam-\-¯n At±-l-¯nsâ t\sc ]n¶n-em-bn-cp¶p Øew In«n-b-Xv. B hnam-\-¯n-ep-m-bn-cp¶ aäp bm{X-¡m-cn NneÀ s{]m^-kÀ F³.Pn. c¦bpw, s{]m^-kÀ lnc¬-ap-JÀPnbpw cLp-cm-a-¿cpw aäpam-bn-cp-¶p. hnam\w s]m§n D¯À{]--tZ-insâ apI-fnÂIqSn k©-cn¨v Ahn-Sps¯ {]f-b-_m-[n-X-{]-tZ-i-§-sfÃmw t\m¡n-¡-p. _olm-dnÂI-S¶v Ipsd `mK-§-sfÃmw ]cn-tim-[n-¨-Xn-\p-tijw ]mä-v\m-bn-se¯n R§Ä hnam-\-¯n \n¶n-d-§n.
`£-Whpw hn{i-a-hpw-I-gnªv R-§Ä hopw hnam-\-¯n-tedn bm{X-Xn-cn-¨p. Ipsd-Zqcw t]mb-t¸mÄ ]Þnäv s\lvdp s{]m^-kÀ c¦-tbbpw, lnc¬-ap-JÀ-Pn-sb-bpw Ft¶bpw t]cp-sNmÃn hnfn-¡p-Ibpw \n§-fm-sc-¦nepw Fh-dÌv In-«ptm F¶v tNmZn-¡p-Ibpw sNbvXp. Csöv R§-sfÃmw ]d-bp-Ibpw AXn-s\-¯p-SÀ¶v At±lw hnam-\-¯nsâ I®m-Sn-bnÂIqSn Zqsc-¡m-Wp¶ ae-\n-c-I-fn-te¡v R§-fpsS {i² £Wn-¡p-Ibpw Ah-bn-tetXm H¶ns\ Nqn AXmWv Fh-dÌv F¶v ]d-bp-Ibpw sNbvXp. F\n¡v GXmWv Fh-d-Ìv F¶v a\Ênem-bn-sÃ-¦nepw ]Þnäv s\lvdp-hn-t\mSv hopw AXv Nqn-¡m-Wn-¡p-hm³ Bh-iy-s¸-Sp-hm³ hnjaw tXm¶n-b-Xp-sImv Xe-Ip-ep¡n Rm³ Fsâ Øe-¯p-t]m-bn-cp-¶p. ]ns¶ R§Ä hnam\w Cd-§n-bXv ]Ýn-a-_w-Km-fnsâ hS¡p `mK-¯pÅ Iq¨v _olmdn-em-bn-cp-¶p. Iq¨v_n-lmÀ cmPm-hnsâ ]gb cmP-[m-\n-b-mbn-cp¶p R§Ä¡v hn{i-an-¡m³ Hcp-¡n-bn-cp¶ Øew. ]ntä-Zn-hkw R§Ä BÊm-an-te¡v t]mIp-Ibpw tKml-«n-bn hnam\w Cd-§p-Ibpw tNmbvXp. Ahn-sS-\n¶v "]mem-kv_dn' F¶ Øew R§Ä
kµÀin-¨p. {_Ò-]p-{X-bpsS Ic-bn-emWp ]mem-kv-_-dn. {Iq²-bmb {_Ò-]p-{X- AhnsS Ic-sbÃmw Ic-p-Xn-¶p-I-bm-Wv. Ahn-sS-bp-m-bn-cp¶ _Êmdpw X]m-em-¸o-kp-saÃmw {_Ò-]p{X hngp-§n-¡-gnªp. C¡-sc-\n¶p t\m¡n-bm A¡sc ImWp¶nsöp-Xs¶ ]d-bmw. BÀ¯n-c¼n k-ap-{Zw-t]mse ]c-¶p-In-S-¡p-I-bmWv {_Ò-]p-{Xm-a-lm-\-Zn. hopw R§Ä tKml-«n-bn hcn-Ibpw Ahn-sS-\n¶v Bkm-ansâ hS¡p-`m-K-¯pÅ Zn{_p-Km-dn-te¡p t]mhp-Ibpw sNbvXp. AhnsS saUn-¡ÂtIm-tfPv tlmÌ-en-emWv R§-fpsS Xma-k-¯n\v GÀ¸mSp sNbvX-Xv. tImtf-Pn A²ym-]-I-\mb tUmIvSÀ \¼ymsc Ahn-sS-sh¨v F\n¡v ]cn-N-b-s¸-Sp-hm-\n-S-h-¶p. Zn{_p-Km-dn-epw, {_Ò-]p-{X-bnse alm-{]fbw h-cp-¯n-h-¨n-cn-¡p¶ sISp-Xn-IÄ ]cn-tim-[n-¨-Xn-\p-tijw R§Ä t\sc UÂln-bn-te¡v ]d-¶p. A§ns\ cp-Zn-hkw \op-\n¶ D¯À{]-tZ-iv, _olmÀ, ]Ýn-a-_w-KmÄ, Bkmw {]tZ-i-§-fnse {]f-b-_m-[nX {]tZ-i-§Ä kµÀin-¨-Xn-\p-tijw R§Ä Xncn-s¨-¯n.
tÌäv ]p\-kw-L-S-\m-I-½o-jsâ ip]mÀi-Isf XpSÀ¶v kwØm\ ]p\Àhn-`-P\w \S-¶p-I-gn-ªn-cn-¡p-I-bm-Wv. Bbn-c-¯n-s¯m-Åm-bn-c¯n A³]-¯mdp \hw-_Àamkw H¶mw XobXn tIc-f-sa¶ Hcp ]pXnb kwØm\w DS-se-Sp-¯p. Xncp-þ-sIm¨n kwØm-\-¯p-\n¶pw I\ym-Ip-amcn {]tZ-i-§fpw sNt¦m« Xmeq¡pw Hgn-¨pÅ aäv {]tZ-i-§fpw a{Zmkv kwØm-\-¯nÂ\n¶v ae-_m-dpw, sX¡³ IÀ®m-S-I-¯nÂ\n-¶pÅ ImkÀt¡mSv Xmeq¡pw Iq«n--t¨À¯p-m-¡n-b-XmWv B ]pXnb tIc-fw. tIc-f-kw-Øm\w DS-se-Sp-¡p¶ Ime-L-«-¯n Xncp-þ-sIm-¨n-bn Akw»n Dm-bn-cp-¶n-söpw AhnsS A¶v \ne-hn-ep-m-bn-cp¶ {]kn-Uv `cWw tIcfw apgp-h³ \S-¸n hcp-¯p-I-bp-amWv sNbvX-sX¶v t\cs¯ ]d-ªn-cp-¶p-h-tÃm. ]mÀe-saânse tIc-f-¯nÂ\n-¶pÅ {]Xn-\n-[n-I-sf-Ãm-hcpw DÄs¸-Sp¶ Hcp-]-tZ-i-I-k-anXn C´ym-K-h¬saânsâ B`y-´-c-Im-cy-a-{´nsb D]-tZ-in-¡p-hm-\p-m-bn-cp-¶p. A¶v tI{µ-¯n B`y-´-c-Im-cy-a-{´n-bm-bn-cp-¶Xv tKmhnµv hÃ`v ]´v Bbn-cp-¶p. tIc-f-ap-m-Ip-t¼mÄ ae-_m-dpw, ImkÀtIm-Spw-IqSn Hcp PnÃ-bmbn Xncp-þ-sIm-¨n-tbmSv tNcp-¶Xv icn-bm-hp-I-bn-söpw ae-_m-dns\ cmtbm aq¶mtbm hn`-Pn-t¡--Xm-sW¶pw Hc-`n-{]m-b-ap-m-bn-cp-¶p. ae-_m-dns\ cm-¡p-I-bm-sW-¦n hSt¡ ae-_m-dnsâ Xe-Øm\w XetÈ-cn-b-m-bn-cn-¡-W-sa¶pw sXt¡ ae-_m-dn-tâXv tImgn-t¡m-Sm-bn-cn-¡-W-sa¶pw A`n-{]m-b-ap-m-bn. F¶m ae-_mdpw ImkÀt¡mSv Xmeq-¡pw-IqSn aq¶p PnÃ-I-fm¡n hn`-Pn-¡-W-sa-¶p-Å-Xn-em-bn-cp-¶p A[n-I-am-fp-IÄ¡pw XmÂ]-cyw. A§ns\ hcp-t¼mÄ Gähpw hS-¡pÅ PnÃ-bpsS Xe-Øm\w I®qcpw a²y-¯n-ep-Å-Xnsâ Xe-Øm\w tImgn-t¡m-Spw, Gähpw sX¡p-Å-Xnsâ Xe-Øm\w ]me-¡m-Sp-ambncn¡-W-sa¶v ae-_m-dn A¶v Ie-IvS-dm-bn-cp¶ {io. ]n.-sI.-\-¼ymÀ ip]mÀi sNbvXn-cp-¶p. Gähpw hS¡pÅ PnÃ-bpsS Xe-Øm\w I®q-cn-¶p-]-Icw Xe-tÈ-cn-bm-bn-cn¡-W-sa-¶pÅ Hc-`n-{]m-b-KXn Xe-tÈ-cn-bn-ep-bÀ¶p-h-¶p. B A`n-{]m-b-¯n\v Ipsd \ymb-§-fp-ap-v. ae-_mÀ PnÃbv¡v Ie-IvSÀ H¶m-bn-cp-s¶-¦nepw aäp-]e Un¸mÀ«vsaâp-Isf kw_-Ôn¨pw ae-_mÀ cp PnÃ-I-fmbn {]hÀ¯n-t¡-n-h-cn-I-bpw, hnti-jn¨v Xe-tÈ-cnbpw tImgn-t¡m«pw Unkv{SnIv tImÀ«p-I-fp-m-hp-Ibpw sNbvXn-
cp-¶p. h-Ss¡ ae-_m-dnsâ Xe-Øm\w Xe-tÈ-cnbpw sXs¡ ae-_m-dn-tâXv tImgn-t¡m-Sp-sa¶ \ne-bn-emWv A¶p PnÃm B^o-kp-I-fpm-bn-cp-¶-Xv. AXp-sIm-pw, Ncn{X]c-amb aäp-Im-c-W-§ÄsImpw, hSt¡ ae-_m-dnsâ Xe-Øm\w Xe-tÈ-cn-bm-bn-cn-¡-W-sa¶v Xe-tÈ-cn-¡m-cpw, I®qÀ Bbn-cn-¡-W-sa¶v I®qÀ¡mcpw iàn-bmbn hmZn-¡p-hm³ XpS-§n. Ah-c-h-cpsS hmZ-ap-J-§-fw-Ko-I-cn-¸n¨v Xocp-am-\-§-sf-Sp-¸n-¡p-hm³ Ccp-]-«-W-§-fn-ep-apÅ Bfp-IÄ AXn-bmb XmÂ]-cy-sa-Sp¯p {]hÀ¯n-¨n-cp-¶p. Fs¶ hfsc henb Hcp [À½-k-¦-S-¯n-em-¡nb Hcp hmZ-{]-Xn-hm-Z-am-bn-cp¶p A¶v Xe-tÈ-cn-bnepw I®q-cnepw \S-¶p-sIm-n-cp-¶-Xv. Ccp-]-«-W-§-fn-tebpw Xe-Øm-\-I-½n-än-bpsS {]Xn-\n-[n-IÄ B Ime¯v UÂln kµÀin-¡p-Ibpw B`y-´-c-Im-cy-a-{´nsb Ip \nth-Z-\-§Ä kaÀ¸n-¡p-Ibpw sNbvXn-«p-v. Cu hmZ{]-Xn-hm-Z-¯n cmjv{So--b-I-£n-I-sfm¶pwXs¶ Hcp Xocp-am-\hpw FSp-¯n-cp-¶n-Ã. Xe-tÈ-cn-bnse tIm¬-{K-Êp-ImÀ Xe-tÈ-cn-bpsS `mK¯pw I®q-cnse tIm¬-{K-Êp-ImÀ I®q-cnsâ `mK-¯p-am-bn-cp¶p. AXp-t]mse Xe-tÈ-cn-bnse I½yq-Wn-Ìp-ImÀ Xe-tÈcn-bpsS `mK¯pw I®q-cnse I½yq-Wn-Ìp-ImÀ I®q-cnsâ `mK¯pw F¶pÅ \ne-bmWv cmjv{So-b-I-£n-I-sf-Sp-¯-Xv. Ccp-]-«-W-§-fpsS `mK¯pw UÂln-bn Bfp-I-fp-m-bn-cp-¶p. Ah-cn NneÀ hfsc kzm[o-\-i-àn-bp-Å-h-cp-am-bn-cp-¶p. Fs¶ kw_-Ôn¨v ]d-bp-I-bm-sW-¦n Fsâ sXc-sª-Sp-¸p-Im-e¯v Xe-tÈ-cnbpw I®qcpw cp ]mÀe-saâdn \ntbm-P-I-a-Þ-e-§-fn-em-bn-cp-¶p-sh¦nepw C\n hcm-\n-cn-¡p¶ sXc-sª-Sp-¸n ]pXnb \ntbm-P-I-a-Þ-e-§-fpsS Uoen-an-tä-j³ A\p-k-cn¨v I®q-cpw, Xe-tÈcn ]mÀe-saâdn \ntbm-P-I-a-Þ-e¯n-emWv DÄs¸-Sp-¶-Xv. AXp-sImv Cu PnÃm-X-e-Øm\ XÀ¡-¯n Rmt\-sX-¦nepw I£n-]n-Sn-¡p-¶Xv icn-bm-bn-cn-¡p-I-bn-Ã. ]s£ Hcp ]mÀe-saâv sa¼-sd¶ \ne-bn F\n-¡-Xn Fsâ A`n-{]mbw ]d-bm-Xn-cn-¡m\pw \nhÀ¯n-bn-Ã.
AXn-\n-S-bn I®q-cn Hcp s]mXp-tbm-K-¯n F\n¡v {]kw-Kn-t¡-n-h-¶n-cp-¶p. Ahn-sS-sh¨v ]ecpw Ft¶mSv tNmZn¨ Hcp tNmZyw Rm³ Xe-tÈ-cn-¡m-c-\m-b-Xp-sImv PnÃm-X-e-Øm-\-ambn Xe--tÈcn Xocp-am-\n-¡p-hm³ Rm³ AXyp-Õmlw sN¿p-¶p-s-¶mWv I®q-cn In«n-s¡m-n-cn-¡p¶ dnt¸mÀ«p-I-sf¶pw AXp icn-bmtWm F¶pÅ Imcyw Rm³ tbm-K-¯n hyà-am-¡-W-sa-¶p-am-bn-cp-¶p.
C¶pw A¶pw I®q-cn ap\n-kn-¸m sNbÀam-\m-bn-cn-¡p¶ F³.-sI. Ipamc\m-bn-cp¶p A¶v B tbmK-¯n B²y£w hln-¨n-cp-¶-Xv. B tbmK-¯n h¨v Xe-tÈ-cn-¡m-cpsS hmZw AwKo-I-cn-¡p-hm³thn Rm³ ]cn-{i-an-¡p-¶p-sh-¶pÅ Btcm-]Ww Rm³ \ntj-[n-¡p-Ibpw Xe-Øm-\-ambn I®qtcm Xe-tÈ-cntbm GXp ]«Ww Xocp-am-\n-¡-s¸-«mepw F\n-¡-Xn kt´m-jta DÅq-sh-¶pw, Xe-Øm-\-am-Ip-hm-\pÅ I®q-cnsâ AÀl-Xsb Rm³ tNmZyw sN¿p-¶n-söpw ]d-ªn-cp-¶p. c-p-aq¶p Znh-k-§Ä¡p-tijw I®q-cnse tZi-an{Xw hmcn-I-bn I®qÀ Xe-Øm-\-am-¡p-¶-Xn\v s\«qÀ FXn-cnÃm F¶pÅ Xe-¡p-dn-t¸mSp-IqSn Fsâ {]kw-K-¯nsâ Hcp dnt¸mÀ«v {]kn-²-s¸-Sp-¯n-bn-cp-¶p. B hmcnI Fsâ cmjv{So-b-i-{Xp-¡Ä Xe-tÈ-cn-bn th-Xn-tesd `wKn-bmbn D]-tbm-K-s¸-Sp-¯p-Ibpw sNbvXp. Xe-tÈcn Xe-Øm-\-am-¡p-hm³ DÕm-ln-¡p-¶-Xn A[nIw Bfp-Ifpw Fsâ cmjv{So-b-i-{Xp-¡-fm-bn-cp-¶p. tIm¬{K-ÊnÂXs¶ In\m¯n tIm¬{K-Êns\ FXnÀ¯p-sIm-n-cp-¶-hcpw apÉoweoKp-Imcpw Xe-tÈ-cn-bnse I½yq-Wn-Ìp-Imcpw ]n.-F-kv.]n.¡m-cp-amWv A¶v Fsâ FXnÀ]-£-¯p-m-bn-cp-¶-Xv. AhÀ \bn-¡p¶ {]t£m-]w hnP-bn-¡p-I-bm-sW-¦n AsXsâ ]cm-P-b-am-bn-«m-bn-c-n¡pw AhÀ hymJym-\n-¡pI F¶v F\n¡p \nÝ-b-ap-m-bn-cp-¶p. I®q-cn-em--sW-¦n FÃm cmjv{So-b-I-£n-I-tf-bpw, hn-injy tIm¬{K-Êp-Im-cp-tSbpw ]n³-_ew F\n-¡p-m-hp-Ibpw sN¿pw. tIm¬-{K-Ên hopw tNÀ¶p-I-gn-ªn-cp¶ F-\n¡v hcm-\n-cn-¡p¶ sXc-sª-Sp-¸nÂI-®q-cnse tIm¬{K-Êp-Im-cpsS klmbw \nÝ-b-ambpw In«p-Ibpw sN¿pw. Xe-tÈ-cn-bn tIm¬{KÊv hfsc ZpÀ_-e-am-Wv. t]msc-¦n AhnsS A[n-Im-c-¯n-en-cn-¡p¶ tIm¬{K-Êp-ImÀ In\m¯n tIm¬{KÊn\p FXn-cm-bn-«p-Å-h-cp-am-Wv. A¶v AJn-te-´ym-tIm¬{K-Ênsâ P\-d sk{I-«-dn-bm-bn-cp-¶Xv tIc-fo-b-\mb sI.-]n. am[-h³\m-b-cm-bn-cp-¶p. At±-ls¯ UÂln-bnÂsh¨v Rm³ kao-]n-¡p-Ibpw Xe-tÈ-cn-þ-I-®qÀ Xe-Øm-\-{]-t£m-]-s¯¡p-dn¨v At±-l-hp-ambn NÀ¨-\-S-¯p-Ibpw sNbvXp. Xe-tÈ-cn-¡m-cpsS {]t£m]w hnP-bn-¡p-I-bm-sW-¦n apX-se-Sp¸p hÀ²n-¡p-¶Xv FXnÀ]-£-¯pÅ aäp-I-£n-IÄ¡m-bn-cn-¡p-sa¶pw I®q-cnse {]t£m]w hnP-bn-¡p-I-bm-sW-¦n I®qÀ ap\n-kn-¸m-en-än-bn A¶p-Xs¶ `cWw \S-¯n--s¡m-n-cn-¡p¶ tIm¬-{KÊv ]qÀÆm-[nIw iàn-s¸-Sp-¶-Xm-bn-cn-¡p-sa¶pw I®q-cnÂ
an¡-hmdpw Hcp tIm¬{K-Êp-Im-c³-Xs¶ ap\n-kn-¸m sNbÀam-\m-bn-cn¡p-hm-\mWv km²y-X-sb¶pw Xe-tÈ-cn-bn B km²yX FXnÀI-£n-IÄ¡m-bn-cn-¡p-sa¶pw Rm³ ]d-bp-Ibpw sNbvXp. XetÈ-cnbpw I®qcpw X½n-epÅ AIew shdpw 12 ssaÂam-{X-am-b-Xp-sImv Ah cpw H¶p-tNÀ¶v Hcp ]«-W-sa¶ \ne-bn hfÀ¶p hcp-hm-\pÅ km²yX Ds¶pw Xe-tÈ-cn-þ-ssa-kqÀ sdbnÂth DS-se-Sp-¡p-hm³ XpS-§p-t¼mÄ Xe-tÈcn PwKvj³ sdbnÂthtÌj³, FS-¡m«v ]Wn-bp-hm-\mWv km²y-X-sb¶pw A§ns\ hcp-t¼mÄ C¶s¯ Xe--tÈcn sdbnÂsh-tÌ-j³ Xe-tÈcn ]«-W-sa¶ \ne-bnepw FS-¡mt«m apg-¸n-em-§mt«m \nÀ½n-t¡-n-h-cp¶ tÌj³ Xe-tÈcn PwKvj-\p-am-bn-¡-gn-ªm I®qcpw Xe-tÈ-cnbpw H¶m-bn-Xo-cp-hm-\pÅ km²yX Ds¶pw IqSn Rm³ At±-ls¯ HmÀ½n-¸n-¨p. ]ntä-Zn-hkw B`y-´cImcy-a{´n Pn.-_n. ]m´n-t\bpw Rm³ ImWp-Ibpw At±l-hp-ambn ae-_mÀ Pnà ]p\x-kw-L-Sn-¸n-¡p-t¼mÄ sN¿-p¶ Imcy-§-sf-¡p-dn¨v NÀ¨-\-S-¯p-Ibpw sNbvXp. AXn-\p-ti-j-amWv Xe-tÈ-cn-bnÂ\n¶v hnam-\-amÀ¤w UÂln-bn-se-¯nb ap³tIm¬-Ìn-äyq-hâv Akw»n sa¼À ]n. Ipªn-cm-a\pw {]Pm-tkm-jy-en-Ìp-]mÀ«n-bpsS t\Xm-hm-bn-cp¶ sI.-än. lco-{µ-\m-Y\pw IqSn B`y-´-c-Im-cy-a-{´nsb IXpw Xe-tÈcn Xe-Øm-\-am-¡p-hm-\pÅ Ah-cpsS \nÀ-t±-i-§Ä kaÀ¸n-¨-Xpw. AXn-\p-tijw tKmhn-µ-h-Ã-`-]m-´nsâ A²y-£X-bn tI-c-f-¯n-Â-\n-¶pÅ I¬-kÂt«-äohv I½nän sa¼-À·m-cpsS tbmKw UÂln-bn tNÀ¶p. B tbmK-¯n tIc-f-¯nÂ\n-¶pÅ sa¼-Àam-cpsS A`n-{]m-b-§Ä ]Þnäv ]´v Bcm-ªp. Xe-tÈcn sa¼-dmb s\«q-cnsâ A`-{]m-b-a-dn-b-W-sa¶v ]n.-än. ]p¶qkv ]d-ª-t¸m-gmWv Rm³ Fsâ A`n-{]m-b-§Ä tbmK-¯n hyà-am-¡n-b-Xv. Xe-tÈ-cn-tb-¡mÄ IqSp-X hnI-k\ km²yX I®q-cn-\m-WpÅ-sX¶pw Xe-tÈ-cn-sb-¡mÄ IqSp-X tI-{µo-Ir-X-amb Hcp Øm\-amWv I®q-cn-\p-Å-sX¶pw AXp-sImv Ie-IvS-dpsS B^okv I®q-cn Øm-]n-¡p-¶-XmWv \Ã-sX-¶pw. ]s£ Xe-tÈ-cn-bn C¶pÅ Pnà B^o-k-I-sfm¶pw Xs¶ I®q-cn-te¡p amäm-hp-¶-X-söpw Unkv{SnIv tImS-Xnbpw aäpÅ tImS-Xn-Ifpw Xe-tÈ-cn-bnÂXs¶ \ne-\n-dp-t¯Xm-sW¶pw hnZq-c-a-Ãm¯ Hcp `mhn-bn I®qcpw XetÈ-cnbpw H¶n¨p tNÀ¶v Hcp tImÀ¸-td-jsâ Iogn {]hÀ¯n-¡m-\n-S-h-cp-sa¶v Rm³ Icp-Xp-¶p-sh-¶p-amWv Rm³
A¶p ]d-ª-Xv. PnÃm-X-e-Øm\w I®q-cn-em-bn-cn-¡-W-sa¶v F.-sI. tKm]m-e-\pw, tImgn-¸p-d¯p am[-h-ta-t\m\pw A`n-{]m-b-s¸-«p. ae-_mÀ PnÃsb cmbn hn`-Pn-¨m aXn-sb¶pw AXn hSs¡ ae-_m-dnsâ Xe-Øm\w Xe-tÈ-cn-bmbpw sXt¡ ae-_m-dn-tâXv tImgn-t¡m-«mbpw Xocp-am-\n-t¡--Xm-sW-¶p-amWv apÉow-eoKp sa¼-dmb _n. t]m¡À ]d-ª-Xv. FÃm A`n-{]m-b-K-Xn-Ifpw tI«-Xn-\p-tijw PnÃm-I-e-IvS-dpsS B^okv I®q-cn Øm]n-¡p-¶-Xm-sW¶pw PnÃ-bpsS PpUo-jy Xe-Øm\w Xe-tÈ-cn-bnÂXs¶ Bbn-cn-¡p-¶-Xm-sW¶pw Xocp-am-\-sa-Sp-¡p-hm³ Xm³ Dt±-in-¡p-¶-Xmbn tKmhn-µ-h-Ã-`-]´v ]d-ªp. tIm¬kÄt«äohv -I-½-än-bpsS tbmK-¯nsâ dnt¸mÀ«pw Xocp-am-\-§fpw "amXr-`qan'bn {]kn-²-s¸-Sp-¯n-b-tXm-Sp-IqSn Xe-tÈ-cn-bn Fsâ \ne hfsc A]-I-S-I-c-am-bn. Xe-tÈ-cn-bpsS Hcp s]mXp-i-{Xp-hmbn Rm³ {]Jym-]n-¡-s¸-«p. "Xe-Øm-\w-ap¡n' F¶ Hcp ]pXnb t]cpw F\n¡v Ahn-sS-bpÅ Nne Bfp-IÄ \ÂIp-I-bp-m-bn. Xe-tÈcn \K-c-¯n-epÅ FÃm aXn-ep-I-fnepw Fs¶ Hä-s¸-Sp-¯p-hm-\pÅ ap{Zm-hm-Iy-§Ä Fgp-Xn-h-bv¡-s¸-«p. Fsâ cmjv{So-b-i-{Xp-¡Ä-s¡Ãmw AXn ]¦pmbn-cp-¶p-sh-¦nepw {][m-\-amb ]¦p-h-ln-¨-hÀ ]n.-Fkv.]n.¡m-cm-bn-cp-¶p. Xe-tÈ-cn-bnÂIqsS F\n¡p \S-¶p-t]m-Ip-hm³ \nhr-¯n-bn-Ãm¯ Hcp \ne-bp-mbn. Fs¶ ImWp-t¼mÄ Hfnªpw Nne-t¸mÄ sXfnªpw Xe-Øm\w ap¡n-sb¶p hnfn-¡p-hm³ Bfp-I-fp-m-bn-cp¶p. AXn-\n-S-bn Xe-Øm-\-{]-t£m-`-W-¯nsâ ap¶-Wn-bn-te¡v {io. hn.-BÀ IrjvW-¿cpw aäp-]-ecpw IpXn-¨p-I-b-dn-s¡m-n-cp-¶p. I®q-cn PnÃm-X-e-Øm\w DZvLm-S\w sN¿-s¸-«p. AXn-¶p-thn tNÀ¶ tbmK-¯n In\m¯n \mcm-b-W\pw Rm\pw kw_-Ôn¨ncp-¶p. Xe-tÈ-cn-¡m-cp-sS-bn-S-bn Fs¶ kw_-Ôn¨v Ipsd FXnÀ¸p-I-fp-m-bn-cp¶psh¦nepw I®q-cn FXnÀ¸p-I-fp-m-bn-cp-¶n-sÃ-¶p-ÅXv {]tXyIw ]d-tb--Xn-Ã-tÃm. Xnc-sª-Sp-¸p-h-cp-t¼mÄ F\n¡p In«p-hm-\Àl-X-bp-Å-XnÂ-\n¶v Xe-tÈ-cn-bn \jvSs¸-«p-t]m-Ip¶ thm«p-I-fpsS F®w hfsc Ipd-hm-sW¶v F\n-¡-dn-bm-am-bn-cp-¶p. F¶m I®q-cnÂ\n¶v Rm³ {]Xo-£n-¡m¯ thm«p-I-fn hen-sbmcp hn`mKw thm«p-IÄ F\n¡p In«p-sa-¶pÅ Dd¸pw tXm¶n-bn-cp-¶p.
Xe-Øm-\-¯n-\p-th-n-bpÅ {]t£m`w Xe-tÈ-cn-bnepw I®q-cnepw ]nt¶bpw Ipd-¨p-Im-ew-IqSn \S-¡p-I-bp-m-bn. Xe-Øm-\-Im-
cy-¯n Ah-km-\-XoÀ¸v I¸n-t¡-Xv tÌävKh¬saâv BsW¶pw AXn-\n-S-bn tKmhn-µ-h-Ã-`-]m´v sNbvXn-«pÅ Xocp-am\w XmÂ-¡m-en-I-am-bn-«p-Å-Xm-sW¶pw Ah-km-\-Xo-cp-am-\-sa-Sp-¡p-hm³ hcm-\n-cn-¡p¶ sXc-sª-Sp-¸p-hsc Im¯n-cn-t¡--Xp-s-¶p-amWv hn.BÀ. IrjvW-¿cpw aäpw {]Nm-c-the sNbvXp-sIm-n-cp-¶-Xv. A§s\ sXcsª-Sp¸v \S-¡p-Ibpw hn.BÀ. IrjvW-¿À Xe-tÈ-cn-bn \n¶p-Xs¶ sXc-sª-Sp-¡-s¸« Fw.-FÂ.-F. Bbn-¯o-cp-Ibpw sNbvXp. t]mcm A¶v C.-Fw.-F-kv. \¼q-Xn-cn-¸m-Snsâ t\Xr-Xz-¯n cq]o-I-cn¨ a{´n-k-`-bn At±lw Hcw-K-am-Ip-Ibpw sNbvXp! F¶n-«p-t]mepw I®q-cnÂ\n¶v PnÃm-X-e-Øm\w Xe-tÈ-cn-bnte¡p sImp-h-cp-hm³ At±-l-¯n\p km[n-¨n-Ã. Xe-Øm\w Xe-tÈ-cn-bn-te¡p sImp-h-cp-hm³ hn.-BÀ. IrjvW-¿À¡v km[n-¨n-sÃ-¦nepw thsd H¶p cp Imcy-§Ä sN¿p-hm³ At±-l-¯n\p km[n-¨n-«p-v. AXn-a-t\m-l-c-am-bn-cp¶ Xe-tÈcn ssaXm-\¯v Hcp tÌUnbw \nÀ½n¨v AXnsâ at\m-lm-cnX Ah-km-\n-¸n-¨-Xm-bn-cp¶p Ah-bn-sem-¶v. tÌUnbw XetÈ-cn-bnÂXs¶ thW-sa-¶p-m-bn-cp-s¶-¦nepw AXn-\p-thn Hcp Øew Kh¬saân\v FIz-bÀ sNbvXv Dm-¡m-am-bn-cp-¶p. asäm¶v I®qÀ PnÃ-¡p-thn A\p-h-Zn¨ Hcp C³Ukv{Sn-b FtÌäv Xe--tÈ-cn-¡-Sp¯ ]me-bm«v Øm]n¨psh¶p-Å-Xm-Wv. AXpw Xe-tÈ-cn-¡-Sp-¯mWv Øm]n-¨sX¶p-Å-X-ÃmsX XetÈcn-¡mÀ¡-Xp-sImv ]d-b-¯¡ {]tbm-P-\-sam-¶p-an-Ã. Xe--tÈ-cn-þ-I-®qÀ tdmUn Fhn-sS-sb-¦n-ep-am-bn-cp¶p AXv Øm]n-¨n-cp-¶-sX¦n Hcp-]t£ C¶-t¯-Xn-t\-¡mÄ {]tbm-P\w AXp-sIm-p-m-Ip-am-bn-cp-¶p.
ae-_mÀPnà aq¶mbn hn`-Pn-¨-tXm-Sp-IqSn PnÃ-I-fpsS t]cp-IÄ Xs¶ I®qÀ, tImgn-t¡m-Sv, ]me-¡mSv F¶n-§-s\-bm-bn. ae-_mÀ F¶ t]cv \nÀ`m-Ky-h-im \jvS-s¸«pt]m-Ip-Ibpw sNbvXp. AXp-t]m-se-Xs¶ Xncp-hn-Xmw-Iq-dn-sâbpw sIm¨n-bp-tSbpw t]cp-IÄ Fd-Wm-Ip-fhpw a«m-t©cnbpw t^mÀ«vsIm-¨nbpw tNÀ¶v Hcp \K-c-am-b-t¸mÄ sIm¨n F¶ t]À B \K-c-¯n-s\¦nepw In«n-bn-«p-v.
Xe-Øm-\-]p-\Àhn-`-P-\-hpw, PnÃm-hn-`-P-\-§fpw Ign-ª-Xn-\p-tijw temIv-k-`-bn-te-¡pÅ Xnc-sª-Sp-¸n-\pÅ Hcp-¡-§-fm-bn. hopw tIm¬{K-Ên tNcp-hm³ F¶n ]e t\Xm-¡-·mcpw t\cs¯ k½-À±w sNep-¯n-bn-cp-¶p. Ah-cn-sem-cm-fm-bn-cp¶p A¶v tIm¬{K-Ênsâ P\-dÂsk-{I-«-dnbm-bn-cp¶ sI.-]n. am[-h³\m-bÀ.
Ct¸mÄ tIm¬{K-Ên tNcp-¶n-sÃ-¦n ]n¶oSv Sn¡-äp-IÄ sImSp-¡p¶ ka-b¯v _p²n-ap-«p-IÄ Dm-Ip-hm-\n-S-bp-v F¶mWv At±lw Ft¶mSp ]dª-Xv. At±lw Ft¶m-Sm-h-iy-s¸« DS-s\-Xs¶ Rm³ tIm¬-{K-Ên tNcp-Ibpw sNbvXn-cp-¶p. Zmtam-Zcsâ Imcy-¯n Sn¡-än\v {]bm-k-ap-m-hp-I-bn-Ã. Xe-tÈ-cn-bn thsd Bcn-cn-¡p¶p Sn¡-än-\-t]-£n-¡m³ F¶m-bn--cp¶p tImgn-¸p-d¯p am[-h-ta-t\msâ A`n-{]m-bw. B Ime-¯mWv XncpþsIm-¨n-bn-tebpw ae-_m-dn-tebpw tIm¬{KÊv I½-nän-IÄ H¶n-¨p-tNÀ¶v ]pXnb sI.-]n.-kn.-kn.-bp-m-b-Xv. B ]pXnb sI.]n.kn.-kn.-bpsS {]kn-Uâmbn tImgn-¸p-d¯p am[-h-ta-t\m-s\bpw sI.-]n.kn.-kn.-bpsS Iogn doPnb-W tIm¬-{KÊv I½n-än-bp-sS {]kn-Uâmbn kn. sI. tKmhn-µ-\m-b-tcbpw sXc-sª-Sp-¯p. B sXc-sª-Sp-¸n hfsc {][m-\-am-sbmcp ]¦mWv sI.-F. Zmtam-Zctat\m\pw kn.-C. -`-c-X\pw Rm\pw hln-¨n-cp-¶Xv. am[-h-ta-t\m\pw tKmhn-µ³\m-bcpw B Ime-¯v, ap¼v AhÀ X½n-ep-m-bn-cp¶ tbmPn¸v CÃmsX Ign-bp-I-bm-bn-cp-¶p. AhÀ tbmPn-t¡Xv tIm¬{K-Ênsâ Bh-iy-am-sW¶pw AXp-aqew tIm¬{KÊnsâ hnP-b-km-²yX sXc-sª-Sp-¸n hÀ²n-¡p-sa¶pw R§Ä Icp-Xn-bn-cp-¶p. B tbmPn¸v km²y-am-Ip-hm³ A¶v ae-bmf-{]-tZ-i¯v tIm¬{KÊv I½nän {]-kn-Uâm-bn-cp¶ ]n. hmkp-ta-t\m³ cmPn-h-bvt¡--Xm-h-iy-am-bn-cp-¶p. kn.-C. `c-X\pw Rm\pw At±-ls¯ kao-]n-¡p-I-bpw, tIm¬{K-Ên tbmPn-¸p-m-¡p-hm³thn {]kn-Uv Øm\w cmPn-sh-bv¡p-hm³ At±-l-t¯m-S-t]-£n-¡p-Ibpw sNbvXp.
At±lw cmPn-¡-s¯-gpXn R§sf GÂ]n-¨-Xn-\p-ti-j-amWp kn.-sI. tKmhn-µ³\m-bsc ae-_mÀ doPnb-W tIm¬{KÊv I½nän {]kn-Uâmbn sXc-sª-Sp-¡p-hm³ A¶v ae-_m-dnse tIm¬{K-Êp-ImÀ¡p Ign-ª-Xv. tIm¬{KÊv Sn¡-än Øm\mÀ°n-I-fmbn aÕ-cn-t¡--h-cm-cm-bn-cn-¡-W-sa¶v Xocp-am-\-sa-Sp-t¡ L«w-h-¶-t¸m-gmWv Rm³ sNbvXXv Hcp hnUvVn-¯-am-sW¶v F\n¡p tXm¶p-hm-\n-S-h-¶-Xv. Fsâ Øm\mÀ°n-Xzs¯ ae-_mÀ doP-\ {]kn-Uâm-bn-cp¶ kn.-sI. tKmhn-µ³\m-b-cpw, sI.-]n.-kn.-kn. {]kn-Uâm-bn-cp¶ tImgn-¸p-d¯p am[-h-ta-t\m\pw AJn-te´ym tIm¬{KÊv I½nän sk{I-«-dn-bm-bn-cp¶ sI.-]n. am[-h³\mbcpw FXnÀ¡p-hm-\n-S-h-¶p-sh-¶p-ÅXp Hcp-X-c-¯n icn-bm-sW-¦nepw asäm-cp-X-c-¯n Icp-Xn-¡q-«n-bpÅ Icp-\o-¡-¯nsâ ^e-am-sW¶pw ]d-bm-hp-¶-XmWv.
Fsâ cmjv{So-b-`mhn Ah-km-\n-¸n-¡p-hm³ Adntªm Adn-bm-sXtbm AhÀ aq¶p-t]cpw ]cn-{i-an¨p F¶p-Å-Xn\v F\n-¡n-t¸mÄ aXn-bmb sXfn-hp-I-fpv. Xe-Øm-\-¯nsâ {]iv\¯n kn.-sI. tKmhn-µ³\m-bÀ¡v Ft¶m-sS-XnÀ¸p-m-bn-cp-¶p. At±lw ]etcmSpw ]d-ªn-cp¶ Hcp Imcyw Xe-tÈ-cn-bn F\n¡v ITn-\-amb FXnÀ¸p-s¶pw Xe-tÈ-cn-bn \n¶m Rm³ tXm¡p-sa-¶p-am-Wv. F¶m Xe-tÈcn ]mÀe-saâdn \ntbm-P-I-a-Þ-e-¯n I®qÀIqSn DÄs¸-Sp-¶p-sh-¶pÅ Imcyw At±lw BtcmSpw ]d--ªn-cp-¶n-Ã.
Xe-tÈ-cn-bnseXnÀ¸p-s¶p ]d-ªmÂ-Xs¶ B FXnÀ¸v Xe-tÈcn ]«-W-¯n-\pÅn am{X-am-sW¶pw Ah-cn tIm¬{K-Êp-Im-cpsS F®w hfsc Ipd-ª-Xm-sW¶pw At±lw BtcmSpw ]d-bm-dp-an-Ãm-bn-cp-¶p. tImgn-¸p-d¯p am[-h-ta-t\m³ Fsâ Øm\mÀ°n-Xzs¯ A\p-Iq-en-¡p-¶p-sh¶v ]e-tcmSpw ]d-ªn-cp-¶p-sh-¦nepw HSp-hn At±lw "anÌÀ Pn\-N-{µ³ \n¡p-hm-\m-{K-ln-¡p¶p' F¶pÅ Hcp I¼n sI.-]n. am[-h³\m-bÀ¡v C³tâm-dn-te¡v Ahn-sS tIm¬{KÊv kt½-f\w \S-¶p-sIm-n-cn-¡p-t¼mÄ ASn-¨n-cp-¶p-sh¶pw sI.-]n. am[-h³\m-bÀ ]n¶o-sSm-cp-Ipdn Ft¶mSp ]d-bp-hm-\n-S-bm-bn. AXnÂ\n¶v am[-hta-t\m³ BßmÀ°-ambn Fs¶ ]n³Xm§nbncp-¶n-söv F\n¡v t_m²y-am-bn. ae-_m-dn \n¶pÅ cp-t\-Xm-¡-·mcpw F\n¡v FXn-cm-sW-¶p-Å-Xp-sIm-mWv Xncp-þ-sIm-¨n-¡m-c-\mb am[-h³ \mbÀ Fsâ t]cv HSp-hn \o¡w sN¿p-hm-\n-S-h-¶n-«p-Å-sX¶v At±lw-Xs¶ ]d-ªmWv F\n-¡-dn-bp-hm-\n-S-h-¶n-«p-Å-Xv. A§s\ XetÈcn-bn \n¶v hopw ]mÀe-saân-te¡v tIm¬-{KÊv Sn¡-änÂ\n¶p aÕ-cn-¡p-hm-\pÅ Fsâ B{Klw F\n¡v Dt]-£n-t¡--Xm-bn-h-¶p. Fw.-sI. Pn\-N-{µs\ HSp-hn tIm¬{KÊv Øm\mÀ°n-bmbn \ndp-¯p-Ibpw 1000-þ-t¯mfw am{Xw thm«p-IÄ¡v `qcn-]-£-t¯m-Sp-IqSn At±lw temI-k-`-bn-tebv¡v Xnc-sª-Sp-¡-s¸-Sp-Ibpw sNbvXp. AXn-¶p-tijw Ct¶m-fhpw Hcp tIm¬{KÊv Øm\mÀ°n¡v Xe-tÈ-cn-bnÂ\n¶v ]mÀe-saân-te¡v t]mIp-hm-\n-S-h-¶n-«n-Ã. Pn\-N-{µs\ cm-as¯ temI-k`m Xncsª-Sp-¸n FXnÀ¯p Npcp-§nb thm«p-IÄ¡v ]cm-P-b-s¸-«p-t]mb Fkv.-sI. s]mä-¡m-«p-X-s¶-bmWv aq¶m-aXv temI-k`m Xnc-sª-Sp-¸n I½yq-WnÌp ]mÀ«n-bp-tS-bpw, apÉow-eo-K-n-sâbpw kzX-{´-Øm-\mÀ°n F¶ \ne-bn tIm¬{KÊv Øm\mÀ°n-bm-bn-cp¶ kpIp-amÀ Ago-t¡m-Sns\ ]cm-P-b-s¸-Sp¯n hnP-bn-¨-Xv.
AÑs\ HmÀ¡p-t¼mÄ BZyw a\-Ên sXfn-bp-¶Xv Nncn-¨p-sIm-pÅ AÑsâ apJ-am-Wv. Ft¸mgpw kwXr-]vX-amb `mh-am-bn-cp¶p B apJ-¯v. A½bv¡v tPmen-bpÅ ImcWw R§Ä AÑsâ IqsS-¯s¶ Pohn-t¡ `mKy-ap-m-bn-cp-¶n-Ã. eohv ka-b-§-fn-emWv AÑsâ IqsS-bpÅ Pohn-Xw. AXv R§Ä¡v hfsc hne-s¸«Xpw \à Adnhv ]I-cp-¶-Xp-am-bn-cp-¶p.
sNdp-Xm-Ip-t¼mgpw Aѳ a¡-fpsS ta in£m-\-S-]-Sn-IÄ H¶pw FSp-¡m-dn-Ãm-bn-cp-¶p. ASn-¡mt\ Adn-bnà F¶v ]d-bp-¶-XmIpw icn. Fsâ cm-as¯ hb-Ên Aѳ ]mÀe-saâv sa¼À Bbn UÂln-bn-te¡v t]mbn-cp-¶p. R§Ä \m«n Bbn-cp-¶p. C¶v a{´n-amÀ Xma-kn-¡p¶ _w¥m-hm-bn-cp¶p AÑ\v In«n-bn-cp-¶-Xv. R§Ä FÃm-hcpw AÑ-½bpw IqSn UÂln-bn t]mbn AhnsS Xma-kn-¡p-Ibpw {][m-\-s¸« Øe-§Ä FÃmw Iv A½-bpsS kvIqÄ Xpd¡p-t¼m-tg¡pw Xncn-¨p-h-cnIbpw sNbvXp. A½ B ka-b¯v {_®³ kvIqfnse So¨-dm-bn-cp-¶p.
AÑsâ {]kw-K-s¯-¸än FÃm-hcpw ]d-bp-¶Xv tI«mWv R§Ä Adn-ª-Xv. sNdnb Ip«n-I-fm-bXv ImcWw R§Ä¡-Xv tIÄ¡m³ ]änbncp-¶n-Ã. AÑsâ {]kw-K-¯nsâ ssienbpw D¨m-c-W-hp-sams¡ Kw`o-c-am-bn-cp-¶p. AÑsâ {]kwKw tIÄ¡m³ eosh-Sp-¯n-s«ms¡ BÄ¡mÀ hcp-am-bn-cp-s¶¶v R§Ä¡v tIÄ¡m³ Ign-ªn-cn-¡p-¶p. Xe-tÈ-cnþ ssakqÀ sdbnÂ-th-bpsS Bh-iy-I-X-sb-¸än Aѳ B Ime¯v Xs¶ ]mÀen-saân Bh-iy-s¸-«n-cp-¶p. AXv C¶v hscbpw bmYmÀ°y-am-bn-«n-Ã. AXv \S-¸n-em-bn-cp-s¶-¦n t_mws_-bn-te-¡pÅ bm{Xm-Zp-cnXw Hcp-]-cn-[n-hsc Ipd-bv¡m-am-bn-cp-¶p.
amln-bnse {^©v Cân-s¸âânsâ ka-b¯v amln¸mew hn«p-sIm-Sp-¡m-¯-t¸mÄ Aѳ A¶s¯ sdbnth a{´n-bmb em _l-ZqÀ imkv{Xn-sb-¡v Imcy-§Ä ]dªv a\-Ên-em¡n AXv t\Sn-sb-Sp-¯p. Hscmä sImÃw-sIm-mWv sdbnÂ-þ-tdm-Uv]m-e-ambn Agn-bq-cnse ]mew amdn-b-Xv. SqdnÌv hnI-k-\-¯nepw AÑsâ a\-ÊnÂ
]e `mh-\-Ifpw Dm-bn-cp-¶p. H¶pw \S-¸m-¡m³ ]än-bn-Ã.
AÑsâ IqsS IqSp-X ASp-¯Xv bm{Xm thf-I-fn-em-bn-cp-¶p. Øe-§Ä ImWn-¡epw AXn-eqsS Adnhv ]I-cp-¶Xpw AÑsâ Hcp Ign-hm-bn-cp-¶p. Fhn-sSbpw Imdn-emWv bm{X. R§-fpsS sNdp-¸-¯n Xs¶ AÑ\v kz´-ambn Imdp-m-bn-cp-¶p. Hcp Hgnhv Ime¯v R§Ä UÂln-hsc Imdn t]mbn-cp-¶p. \mj-W sslthbpw ]me-§fpw H¶pw CÃm-Xn-cp¶ Ime-¯v. sNdnb tdmUp-IÄ, hnhn[ kwØm-\-§Ä, hnhn[ `mj-IÄ. N¼Â ImSp-I-fn sImÅ-¡m-cpsS hmgvN \S-¡p¶ ka-bw, tdmUn hfsc Npcp-§nb hml-\-§Ä am{Xw. AÑsâ ss[cy-¯n bmsXmcp hnj-a-§fpw IqSmsX, A©mdv Znh-k-§Ä hgn-bn Xma-kn¨v R§Ä UÂln-bn-se-¯n-t¨À¶p. Aѳ A¶v UÂln-bn Bbn-cp-¶p. tPmen kw_-Ô-ambn C´y apgp-h\pw bm{X sNt¿-n-bn-cp¶p AÑ\v. hgn-bn Hmtcm Øe-§-fp-sSbpw {][m-\yhpw, ]pg-I-fp-sSbpw ae-I-fp-sSbpw t]cp-Ifpw, bp²-§Ä \S¶ Øe§fpw Hs¡ hni-Z-ambn ]d-ªp-sIm-m-bn-cp¶p bm{X. ]d-bp-t¼mÄ A\m-h-iy-ambn kwkm-cn-¡p-¶Xv AÑ-\n-jvS-a-Ãm-bn-cp-¶p. Hcp ]pg-bpsS ]mew IS-¡p-t¼mÄ ASn-bn-sem-gp-Ip-¶Xv \À½Zm \Zn-bm-sW¶pw AXnsâ DÛ-h-Øm-\-s¯-¸-änbpw hni-Z-ambn ]d-ªp-X-cpw. Nne-t¸mÄ ]ntä¶v IS¶ \À½-Z-bpsS thsdm-cp-]m-e-¯n-t·Â t]mIp-t¼mÄ C¶se Fhn-sS-bmWv \À½Z IS-¶-sX¶ tNmZyw Dm-Ipw. D¯cw ]d-ªnsÃ-¦n \¶mbn tZjyw ]nSn-¡p-am-bn-cp-¶p. R§Ä an¡-hmdpw HmÀ½n¨v Xs¶ t]mIpw. AP-´, FtÃm-d, FÃmw AÑsâ IqsS t]mbXv ad-¡m³ ]äp-I-bn-Ã.
ssakqÀ, _mwKv-fqÀ, Du«n, Xncp-h-\-´-]pcw Hs¡ tXm¶p-t¼mÄ Iq«n t]mIm-dp-v. tIc-f-¯nse Hcp-hn[w {]m[m-\y-ta-dnb FÃm Øe-§-fnepw R§sf sImp-t]m-bn-cp-¶p hS¡v at©-izcw apXÂ sX¡v I\ym-Ip-amcn hsc-bpÅ FÃm Øe-§fpw A¶v AÑ\v a\x-]m-T-am-bncp-¶p.
R§-fpsS Pohn-X-¯n-epw B bm{X-I-fnse A\p-`-h-§Ä hfsc hne-s¸«-Xm-bn-cp-¶p. `qan-im-kv{Xw, Ncn{Xw Hs¡ ]Tn-¸n-¨p-sIm-pÅ bm{X-bm-bn-cp¶p. AXv t^mt«m-{Km^n AÑsâ {]nb-s¸« tlm_n-bm-Wv. Cu bm{X-I-fn-seÃmw t^mt«m-Ifpw FSp-¯n-cn-¡p-¶p. AXnsâ s\K-äohv Hs¡ hfsc `{Z-ambn h¨ncn-¡p-¶p.
AÑsâ PohnXw hfsc Nn«-tbm-sS-bp-Å-Xm-bn-cp-¶p. GXv {]hr-¯n-bpw AXn-tâ-Xmb ASp¡pw Nn«-tbmSpw IqSn am{Xta sN¿p-I-bp-Åq. Aѳ D]-tbm-Kn-¡p¶ km[-\-§Ä FÃmw AXm-Xnsâ Øm\¯v Xs¶-bp-m-Ipw. amän-h-bv¡p-¶Xv Xosc CjvS-a-Ãm¯ Imcy-am-Wv.
AÑ\v Fgp-Xm-\pÅ Ignhpw A]m-c-ambn-cp-¶p. t]¸-dnepw amkn-I-I-fn-ep-sams¡ teJ-\-§fpw aäpw hcp-am-bn-cp-¶p. bm{Xm-hn-h-c-W§Ä hfsc Adnhv ]I-cp-¶-Xm-bn-cp-¶p. BZn-hm-kn-I-fpsS tIc-fhpw Bß-I-Ybpw AÑsâ hne ]nSn¨ cv IrXn-I-fm-Wv.
AÑsâ I®n FÃm-hcpw Htc-t]m-se-bmWv. hen-b-h-s\t¶m sNdn-b-h-s\t¶m DÅ hymXymkw Dm-bn-cp-¶n-Ã. Rm³ Gähpw _lp-am-\n-¡p¶ AÑsâ kz`m-h-a-Xm-bn-cp-¶p.
R§-fpsS ]Tn-¸nsâ Imcy-¯n AÑ\v Imcy-ambn {i²n-¡m³ ]än-bn-cp-¶n-Ã. AsXms¡ `wKn-bmbn \nÀÆ-ln-¨Xv A½-bm-bn-cp-¶p. A½ hfsc A¨-S¡ t_m[-t¯msS hfÀ¯nb ImcWw R§Ä Hcp \à ØnXn-bn-se-¯n-t¨À¶p.
]gb kulr-Z-§sf Hcn-¡epw Aѳ ad-¡p-I-bn-Ã. bm{X t]mIp-t¼mgpw hgn-bn kz´-¡m-cp-sSbpw kvt\ln-X³am-cp-sSbpw hoSp-IÄ Ds-¦n \nÀ¯n, H¶v Ibdn kulrZw ]pXp-¡n-bnt« bm{X XpS-cp-I-bp-Åq. AhnsSbpÅ-hÀ¡pw AXv hfsc kt´m-j-apÅ Imcy-am-bn-cp-¶p.
AÑ-s\-¡p-dn-t¨mÀ¡p-t¼mÄ ]e Nn´-IÄ amdn-amdn h¶-W-bp-¶p. Kuchw IeÀ¶ apJ-`m-h-¯n\p XSn¨ I®-S-¡qSv \ÂIp¶ hntij ]cn-th-jw. apg-§p¶ i_vZw, kphy-àhpw ZrV-hp-amb hmKvtZm-c-Wn. Kpcp-hm-bqÀ tIi-h³ tXmäp-t]m-Ip¶ Xe-sb-Sp¸v. kao-]-¯p-Å-h-cn-seÃmw k¶n-th-in-¸n-¡p¶ {]I-S-amb Bß-hn-izm-kw. Rm\-S-¡-apÅ C¶s¯ kaq-l-¯n NnIªp t\m¡n-bm ImWm¯ k½n{i khn-ti-j-X-I-fpsS kZvcq-]-am-bn-cp¶p AÑ-tâ-Xv.
sNdp-¸-Im-e¯v ]e-t¸mgpw amdn\n¶p Bcm-[-\m-]qÀÆw AÑs\ \nco-£n-¡p¶ Hcp kz`mhw F\n-¡p-m-bn-cp-¶p, {]tXy-In¨v kZ-Êp-I-fnÂ. Ah aoänw-Km-hmw, Ieym-W-ho-Sm-hmw, ac-W-ho-Sm-hmw, kplrZv kwL-NÀ¨m-th-Zn-I-fm-hmw, IpSpw-_-k-Z-ÊmImw Fhn-sSbpw Hcp {i²m-tI-{µ-am-hm\pw Npäp-ap-Å-h-cpsS kvt\lm-Z-c-§Ä apgp-h³ ]nSn¨p ]äm\pw AÑ\p \njv{]-bmkw km[n-¨n-cp-¶p. F¶ntem Fsâ ktlm-Z-c-§-fn-tem, ]cn-Nn-X-cntem ZÀin-¡m¯ Cu Ignhv amdn \n¶m-kz-Zn-¡p-¶Xv F\n-s¡mcp hnt\m-Ztam ]Xnthm Bbn-cp-¶p. B ]Xnhv AÑsâ ac-W-tijw Fs¶-t¶-¡p-ambn ssItamiw h¶p.
GXp {]mb-¡mcp-ambpw s]s«¶p kulrZw Øm]n-¡m\pw AXp \ne-\nÀ¯m\pw AÑ\p {]tXyI ]mS-h-am-bn-cp-¶p. Ip«n-I-fmb R§-tfmSv AÑ-s\¶pw Hcp kplr-¯n-s\-t¸m-se-bmWv s]cp-am-dn-bn-cp-¶-Xv. Adn-hp-IÄ ]IÀ¶p X¶v, R§-sf-s¡mv A`n-{]m-b-§Ä cq]-s¸-Sp-¯m³, Aѳ {]tXyIw {i²n-¨n-cp-¶p. IpSpw-_-t¯m-sSm¸w ]äm-hp¶ Ah-k-c-§-fn-sems¡ \nc-´c bm{X-I-fn-teÀs¸-«n-cp¶ AÑ\p, B bm{X-IÄ, R§Ä Ip«n-I-fpsS ZÀi-t\m-Õp-I-Xbpw kmaq-lym-h-t_m[pw kmln-Xy-hm-k-\bpw cq]-s¸-Sp-¯m-\pÅ thZn-I-fm-bn-cp-¶p, kulrZ kw`m-j-W-§-fn-eqsS Ifn-X-am-i-I-fn-eq-sSþ
A¯cw kµÀ`-§-fn R§-fn-em-sc-¦n-epsam AsÃ-¦n A½-bntem IS-¶p-h-cp¶ \nÊmc Nn´-IÄ AÑs\ hÃmsX t£m`n-
¸n-¡p-am-bn-cp¶p. F¶m B t£m`w \nan-j-§ÄsImp Ifn-X-am-i-I-fn-te¡v hgn-am-dp-I-bpw, t£m`-¯n\p tlXp-hmb kwK-Xn, ]n¡m-es¯ Xam-i-IÄ¡v apX¡q-«m-hp-Ipbpw sN¿p-am-bn-cp¶p. A§ns\ F{X-sb{X bm{X-IÄ. Fs´Ãmw A\p-`-h-§Ä? ssIh-cp¶ hcp-am-\-saÃmw (AXv Ønc-am-bn-cp-¶n-Ã) A¯cw bm{X-IÄ¡v am{Xw hn\n-tbm-Kn-¨n-cp¶ AÑsâ ]Xnhv F´p-am{Xw hne-s¸« k¼-¯m-bn-cp-s¶¶v Xncnªp t\m¡p-t¼mÄ tXm¶n-t¸m-Ip-¶p.
I¿n Imin-Ãm-¯-t¸mÄ Hcp sNe-hp-an-Ãm¯ \o ImÂ\-S-bm-{X-IÄ C¯cw ]Xn-hp-IÄ¡v XpSÀ¨ \ÂIn-bn-cp-¶p. Ign-bm-hp-¶-{Xbpw IpSp-_-¡m-scbpw kplr-¯p-¡-sfbpw DÄs¡m-Ån-¨p-sImv kmbwIme bm{XmkwLw AÑsâ t\Xr-Xz-¯n \o§p-am-bn-cp-¶p. GsX-¦nepw Hcp e£yw IpsIm-m-bncn¡pw bm{X. B e£y-¯n-se-¯n-bm Ipd¨p hn{i-aw. \nhÀ¯n-bp-s-¦n asämcp hgn-bn-eqsS Xncn-¨p \S-¯w. DS-\ofw Øe-¯nsâ `qan-im-kv{Xw, {]tXy-I-X-IÄ, ]gb Ncn-{Xw, \S-¡p¶ hgn ap³Im-e-§-fn F§n-s\-bm-bn-cp-¶p. AXv C¶s¯ \ne-bn amän-sb-Sp-¡m³ AÑsâ kw`m-h-\-þ-Hcp cmjv{Sob¡mc-s\¶ \ne-bnÂ, ^À¡m Uh-e-¸vsa-âv, Hm^o-k-sd¶ \ne-bnÂ, Hcp ]mÀe-saâv sa¼-sd¶ \ne-bnÂþCu-hI Imcy-§-sfms¡ ]dªp Xcp-am-bn-cp-¶p. A¯cw ImÂ\S bm{X-IÄ AXy´w kt´m-j-{]-Zhpw R§Ä Hmtcm-cp-¯-scbpw hopw hopw XpSÀ bm{X-I-fn GÀs¸-Sm³ t{]cn-¸n-¡p-¶-Xp-am-bn-cp-¶p.
\m¸-Xp-I-fnepw A¼-Xp-I-fnepw ae-_m-dn-ep-S-\ofw H¶m-´cw {]mkw-Kn-I-s\¶p t]sc-Sp¯n-cp¶ AÑsâ {]kw-K-§-fn NneXv tIÄ¡m³ F\n¡v Ah-k-c-ap-m-sb-¦nepw, {]kw-K-¯nsâ s]mcpÄ Rm³ Xosc sIm¨m-bn-cp-¶-Xp-sImv ]nSn In«n-bn-cp-¶n-Ã. thZn-bn \n¶p aS-§n-sb-¯nb AÑsâ {]kw-K-sa-§n-s\-bp-m-bn-cp¶p? F¶ tNmZy-¯n\p adp-]Sn ]d-bm³ F\n¡v {]bm-k-am-bn-cp-¶p.
Btdm Gtgm hb-Êp-Å-t¸mÄ I®qÀ {io\m-cm-bW ]mÀ¡n {io\m-cm-bW Kpcp-hnsâ {]Xnam {]XnjvTm NS-§n Aѳ sNbvX {]kwKw AXy´w anI-¨-Xm-bn-cp-s¶¶v aäp-Å-h-cpsS hne-bn-cp-¯-en \n¶pw ]n¶o-sS-\n¡v a\-Ên-em-bn-cp-¶p. ]t£ NS-§p-IÄ Ign-ª-bp-Ss\ aS-¡-bm-{X-bn AÑsâ tNmZy-¯n\p Fsâ adp-]Sn AÑ-s\-¡mÄ \¶m-bXv asä Ppº-¡m-c-sâ-Xm-bn-cp-s¶-¶m -
bn-cp-¶p. BÀ. i¦-sd¶ B Ppº-¡m-csâ {]I-S\w F\n¡v IqSp-X ckn-¨Xv At±-l-¯nsâ `mhm-l-hm-Zn-I-tfm-sS-bpÅ {]kw-K-am-b-Xn-\m-em-bn-cp-s¶¶p AÑ\pw, Imdn-ep-m-bn-cp¶ aäp-Å-hÀ¡pw , F¶n \n¶p-Xs¶ a\-Ên-em-¡m³ km[n-¨-Xp-sImv IqSp-X hni-Zo-I-cWw \ÂImsX c£-s¸-Sm³ F\n-¡p Ignªp.
AÑsâ "\À½-Z-bpsS \m«nÂ' F¶ {KÙ-¯n {]Xn-]m-Zn-¡p¶ Nne bm{X-I-fn A¶v Hcp Ggmw-¢mkv hnZymÀ°n-bm-bn-cp¶ Rm\pw A\p-K-an-¨n-«p-v. Fs¶ C¶pw InSnew sImÅn-¡p¶, a²y-{]-tZ-inse sImÅ-¡m-cpsS hnlm-c-`q-an-bn-eq-sS-bpÅ B bm{X Hcn-¡epw ad-¡m³ ]äm¯ A\p-`-h-am-bn-cp-¶p. AXoh ss[cy-im-enbpw At§-bäw ip`m-]vXn-hn-izm-kn-bp-am-bn-cp¶ AÑ\v R§Ä aq¶v Ip«n-I-fpw Hcp klm-bnbpw am{X-a-S-§p¶ (ss{U-hÀ Aѳ Xs¶) bm{Xm-kw-L-s¯bpw sImv kÔy¡v F¯n-s¸-Sp¶ GXv "Zp\n-bm-hnepw' cm]mÀ¡m³ Hcp kt¦m-N-hp-an-Ãm-bn-cp-¶p. Xma-kn-¡p¶ Øew Hcp KhÀs½v sdÌv lukv Bbn-cn-¡-W-sa¶ sNdnb \nÀ_-Ôta Dm-bn-cp-¶p-Åq. Ahn-iz-mknbsænepw hnizm-kn-b-Ãm¯ AÑ\v GtXm AZr-iy-iàn t\c-a-Ãm¯ t\c¯pw sImSnb Im«nepw B kuIcyw Hcp-¡n-s¡m-Sp-¡m-dp-m-bn-cp-s¶¶v R§Ä A\p-`-hn-¨-dn-ª-Xm-Wv, amWvUp-hnepw, inh-]p-cn-bn-epw, KpW-bn-ep-saÃmw. am{X-a-Ã, "Hm«-'¡m-dns\ Hcp-hn[w HmSn-¸n-¡m-\pÅ BÄk-lm-bhpw AÑs\ tXSn-sb-¯p-am-bn-cp-¶p. t\cw shfp-¯-t¸mÄ F§p-\nt¶m Ah-X-cn¨ l\o-^-sb¶ ae-bmfn sNdp-¸-¡m-c³ ss{UhÀ, R§sf inh-]p-cn-bn \n¶p Kzmfn-tbm-dn-se-¯n-¨Xv XnI-¨pw Ahn-iz-k-\obamb sN¸Sn hnZy-I-sf-s¡m-m-bn-cp-¶p. A¯cw kµÀ`-§-fnepw At£m-`y-\mbn {]Ir-Xn-`w-Kn-bpw, hgn-tbmc ImgvN-Ifpw Bkz-Zn¨p Npn Ipam-c-\m-imsâ Ihn-X-I-fp-ambn bm{X sN¿m³ Fsâ AÑ\p am{Xsa km[n¡q F¶p ]e-t¸mgpw Nn´n-¨n-«p-v.
]n¡me cmjv{So-b-¯n t\cn-tSn h¶ Zpc-\p-`-h-§Ä- A-Ñs\ hÃmsX \ncm-i-s¸-Sp-¯n-bn-cp-¶p. AsX-\n¡v hyà-am-bXv Fsâ tImtfPv hnZym-`ym-k-Im-e-¯m-Wv. A¶p sI.-F-kv.bp {]kn-U-m-bn-cp¶ D½³ Nmn-bpsS tbmKhpw Ignªp ho«n-se-¯n-b-t¸mÄ aäm-cp-an-Ãm¯ kabw t\m¡n Aѳ ASp¯p hnfn¨v cmjv{So-b-t¯mSv A¶p-Xs¶ hnS-]-d-bm³ Ft¶m-Sm-h-iy-s¸-«p. XoÀ¶n-Ã, ZrV-{]-Xn-Ú-sb-Sp-¸n-¨p. Fs´-¶mÂ, kzmX-{´ym\-´c cmjv{So-b¯nÂ
AÑsâ A\p-`hw AXy´w ISp-¯-Xm-bn-cp-¶p. B A\p-`hw F\n¡pw IpSpw-_-¯n\pw hcm-Xn-cn-¡s« F¶ Nn´-bm-bn-cn¡mw AÑs\ AXn\p t{]cn-¸n-¨-Xv. Cw¥ojv `mj-bn D¶X _ncp-Z-sa-Sp¯v sF.-F.-F-kn\v Fgp-Xm-\m-bn-cp¶p AÑsâ D]-tZ-iw.
BZyw ]d-ªXv Rm³ incÊm hln-s¨-¦nepw Cw¥ojv `mj¡v ]Icw F©n-\o-b-dnwKv ]Tn-¡m-\mWv Rm³ t]mb-Xv. AÑsâ {]oXntbmsS-bà B Nph-Sp-amäw F¶v F\n-¡-dn-bm-am-bn-cp-s¶-¦nepw FSp¯ Xocp-am-\-¯n Dd¨p \n¡m³ Aѳ Fs¶ F¶pw t{]cn-¸n-¨n-cp-¶p.
F©n-\obÀ Bb tijhpw Nne Nm©m-«-§Ä \S-¯m-\pÅ Fsâ {iaw Aѳ apf-bnte \pÅn-¡-f-ªn-cp-¶p. _mw¥q-cn sNdnb tPmen-bn-en-cp¶p sImv `mc-Xob hnZym-`-h-\n tPÀW-enkw tImgvkn\p tNcm³ Rms\mcp {iaw \S-¯n-bn-cp-¶p, ASn-b-´-cm-h-Ø-¡m-e-¯v. F´p-sImtm Aѳ AXn \n¶v Fs¶ ]msS hne-¡n. Hcp ]gb tPW-en-Ìnsâ Xnàm-\p-`-h-§Ä sImm-hmw, Fsâ `mhn HmÀ¯m-hmw, Ft´m, Rm³ hg-§n.
Fsâ F©n-\o-b-dnwKv ]T\ ka-b¯v Aѳ s\«qÀ I½o-j³ sNbÀam-\mbn {]hÀ¯n-¡p-I-bm-bn-cp-¶p. ]e-X-hW Rm³ am{Xw AÑs\ A\p-K-an¨ kµÀ`-§Ä B Ime-L«¯n Dm-bn-«p-v. At¸m-sgÃmw Hc-Sp¯ kplr-¯n-s\-t¸m-se-bm-bn-cp¶p Aѳ s]cp-am-dn-bn-cp-¶-Xv. AÑ\p thn NÀ¨-I-fn-eqsS t\m«p-I-sf-gp-Xp-I-bpw, ImenI {]m[m-\y-apÅ Imcy-§-sf-¡p-dn-¨pÅ {]Xn-I-cWw Fsâ IqSn A`n-{]mbw DÄs¡mp ]d-ªp-X¶v Fgp-Xn-¡p-Ibpw, A¶p ]Xn-hm-bn-cp-¶p. A§ns\ sN¿p-¶-tXm-sSm¸w AÑsâ hyàn-Xz-¯n-te-¡pw, ImgvN-¸m-Sn-te¡pw, A\p-`-h-§-fn-te¡pw IqSp-X shfn¨w ]IÀ¶p In«m-\pÅ kµÀ`-§Ä F\n-¡p-m-bn.
s\«qÀ I½o-j³ dnt¸mÀ«v kaÀ¸-W-¯n\v tij-apÅ Ime-L«w asäm¶pw sN¿m-\n-ÃmsX AÑ-\pw, F©n-\o-b-dnwKv ]Tn¯w Ignªv tPmen In«msX Rm\pw Hcp-t]mse iq\y-th-f-bn-em-bn-cp-¶p. Bh-iy-sa¶v AÑ\p tXm¶p-Ibpw \ncÀ°-I-§-fmbn ]cn-W-an-¡p-Ibpw sNbvX ]e bm{X-Ifpw R§-sfm-¶n¨v B ka-b¯v \S-¯n-bn-«p-v. Ct¶mÀ¡p-t¼mÄ A¯cw bm{X-Ifpw Fs¶ kw_-Ôn-¨n-S-t¯mfw AXy´w kmÀ°-I-am-bn-cp-s¶¶v ]d-tb-n-bn-cn-¡p-¶p. cmjv{So-b-hpw, kmwkvIm-cn-I-hpw, kmaq-ly-hp-ambn Hcp P·w
Aѳ Bhm-ln¨ Ah-t_m[w Hcp sNdnb Af-hn F¶n-te¡pw kw{I-an-¡-s¸-«n-cp-¶p, B bm{X-I-fnÄ F¶p-X-s¶-bmWv Fsâ hnizm-kw. kaq-l-¯n-sâ-bpw, ZpÀº-e-hn-`m-K-§-fp-sS-bpw, Im«p-Pm-Xn-¡m-cpÄs¸-sS-bpÅ km[m-cW a\p-jy-cp-sSbpw kaq-e-amb D¶-a\w F¶pw apdp-sI-¸n-Sn-¨n-cp¶ AÑsâ hgn, a¡-fmb R§Ä \mep-t]-scbpw \¶mbn kzm[o-\n-¨n-cp-s¶¶v ]d-bmsX h¿. t\cpw s\dnbpw KmÔn ZÀi-\hpw apdp-sI-¸n-Sn-¨n-cp¶ Aѳ {]hÀ¯n-IÄ sImv, Ah R§-f-S-¡-apÅ ASp-¸-ap-Å-h-cn-te¡v kw{I-an-¸n-¨n-cp-¶p. R§-f-dn-bm-sX. A½bpw Ip«n-I-fmb R§fpw JZÀ hkv{X-[m-c-W-sam-gn¨v aäpÅ ZÀi-\-§Ä Ign-hXpw ]IÀ¯m³ kzta-[bm X¿m-dm-bn-cp-¶p. F¶m JZÀ hkv{X-[m-cWw R§Ä sN¿-W-sa¶v \nÀ_-Ô-an-Ãm-Xn-cp-¶-Xn-\mÂ, sNbvXn-cp-¶n-Ã. B]m-Z-NqVw JZÀhkv{Xw am{Xw [cn-¡p¶ AÑsâ cq]w k¦-ev]n-¡p-hm³ Hcp {]bm-k-hp-an-Ã. {]tXy-In¨v A¶p R§Ä¡v ]g-©-s\¶p tXm¶n-b-Xpw, C¶p tdm_n³ D¯-¸bpw {ioim´pw aäp C«p \S-¡p-¶-Xp-amb "I©n-{]m¡v' F¶ JZÀ _\n-b³ [cn¨ cq]-¯nÂ. F´p-sImv AÑ\v Hcp ]mâv [cn-¨p-IqS F¶p hfsc sNdp-¸-¯n Rm³ B{K-ln-¡m-dp-m-bn-cp-¶p. R§-fpsS UÂln-bm-{Xm-th-f-bn AXv [cn¨p-Im-Wm³ Ign-ª-t¸mÄ (JmZn ]mâpw JmZn jÀ«p-am-bn-cp-s¶-¦n-epw) hfsc kt´mjw tXm¶n-bn-cp-¶p.
sF.-F.-Fkv ]co£ ]mÊm-bn-¡m-Wm-\pÅ AÑsâ B{Klw F\nt¡m A\p-Pt\m \nhÀ¯n-¡m³ Ign-ªn-Ã. Hcp t\cnb Bizm-k-ambn bp.-]n.-F-kv.-kn-bpsS sF.-C.-Fkv (C-´y³ F©n-\o-b-dnwKv kÀÆo-kv) ]co£ Hcp-hn[w ]mÊm-hm³ F\n-¡m-bn. F¦nepw B hnhcw Adnbpw aps¼ Aѳ Fs¶-t¶-¡p-ambn bm{X-bm-bn-cp-¶p. GI Bizm-kw B ]co-£-bpsS CâÀhyq-hn\v t]mIp-t¼m-Ä Aѳ UÂln-bn Dm-bn-cp¶p F¶-Xm-bncp¶p. A¶s¯ tIc-f-þ-IÀW-mSI FIvkv{]Ên Rm³ _mw¥q-cn \n¶p UÂln-bn h¶p tNcp-t¼mÄ AXy-[nIw kt´m-j-hm-\m-bn, \yqUÂln tÌj-\nÂ, BbnsS In«nb Hcp bph kplr-¯nsâ IqsS, AÑ-\p-m-bn-cp-¶p. Rm\m-sW-¦n Hcp \o Ime-b-f-hn\p tijw UÂln ImWpIbm-bn-cp-¶p. CâÀhyq-hn\p X¿m-sd-Sp-¡p-¶-Xn-t\-¡mÄ UÂln ImWm-\m-bn-cp¶p F\n¡v Xmev]-cyw. AXp a\-Ên-em-¡nb Aѳ ]qÀÆm-[nIw Dt·-j-hm-\m-bn.
[t\y-«-s\¶v R§Ä hnfn-¡p¶ {io. ]n.]n cmL-h-s\¶ _Ôp-hnsâ \yq cPo-µÀ \K-dn-epÅ ho«n \n¶p Ipfnbpw {]mXepw Ign¨p Rm³ AÑsâ IqsS t\sc hn«p, i¦À tdmUn-eq-sS, _ÊnÂ, ]mÀen-saâv kv{Soän-te-¡v. ]mÀen-saâv lukv, BIm-i-hm-Wn, tbmP-\m-`-h³ F¶nh ImWn-¨p-X-¶p-sImv ]t«Â Nu¡n-te-¡v. ]t«Â Nu¡n Npän-¯n-cnªv B Nu¡nsâ Ncn-{Xhpw {]m[m-\yhpw hni-Z-ambn ]d-ªp X¶p R§Ä {]tXyI e£y-sam-¶p-an-ÃmsX Ipsd t\cw \S-¶p. hni-¶-t¸mÄ cp-t]-cp-sSbpw I¿nse Iminsâ \ne a\-Ên-em-¡n-s¡m-m-h-Ww, Fs¶bpw sImv bp.-F³.sF Imâo-\n-te-¡v. Xnc-¡n-\n-S-bn-eqsS AÑ\p hf-sc-¡m-es¯ ]cn-N-b-apÅ kzman-bpsS tZmibpw hm§n ]p¯-In-Sn-bpsS Hmc-¯n-cp¶p R§Ä "e©v' Ign-¨p. Xncn¨p \S-¡p-t¼mÄ ]p¯-In-Sn-bpsS asäm-tcm-c¯p \n¶p \op saenªp Pqºm-[m-cn-bmb Hcp XmSn-¡m-c³ AÑs\ ssIhoin A`n-hmZyw sN¿p-¶p. AXm-cm-bn-cp-s¶¶p Rm³ ]Xps¡ tNmZn-¨-t¸mÄ H.-hn. hnP-b-\m-sW¶p ]d-ªp. Rm³ sR«n. aebmf-¯nse AkvXn-Xz-hm-Z-¯nsâ {]mtWm-àmhpw A¶s¯ bphm-¡-fp-sS-sbÃmw Bcm-[-\m-aqÀ¯n-bp-am-bn-cp¶ "Jkm-¡n'sâ IYm-Im-c-\p-ambn AÑ\p kulr-Ztam? AÑ-t\m-SpÅ Fsâ BZ-chv H¶p-IqSn IqSn.
A¶p P\-Xm-]mÀ«n-bm-bn-cp¶p C´y `cn-¨n-cp-¶-Xv. {][m-\-a-{´n-b-S¡w ]e apXnÀ¶ a{´n-amcpw AÑsâ ap³Ime kplr-¯p-¡-fm-bn-cp-¶p. AXn PKvÖo-h³ dmap-ambpw cmPv \mcm-b-W-\p-ambpw ]gb ASp¸w A¶s¯ UÂln Xma-k-th-f-bn AÑ\p ]p\x-Øm-]n-¡m³ Ign-ªn-cp-¶p. A¶p(1978 Â) cq]-sa-Sp-¡m³ t]mIp¶ {][m-\-s¸« cp I½o-j-\p-I-fn-sem-¶n (_m¡vthUv ¢mkv I½o-j-s\¶v BZyw \ma-I-cWw sN¿-s¸-«Xpw ]n¡m-e¯v aWvU I½o-j-s\¶v {]kn-²n-bmÀÖn-¨-Xp-amb I½o-j-\m-bn-cp¶p H¶v, atäXv sjUyqÄUv ImÌv sjUyqÄUv ss{S_v I½o-j-\pw) Hcp saw_À Øm\w AÑ\p hmKvZm\w sN¿-s¸-«n-cp-¶p. AXp-ambn _Ô-s¸«v Nnesc ImWp-hm-\pÅ {ia-¯n-\mbn A¶s¯ _m¡n kabw R§Ä hn\n-tbm-Kn-¨p.
]ntä¶v D¨-¡m-bn-cp¶p Fsâ CâÀhyq. IrXyw ]{´p aWn¡p Xs¶ Rm³ Xma-kn-¨n-cp¶ _Ôp-ho-«nÂ, _mt¡zUv ¢mkv I½o-j-\nse hcpw-Ime saw_-dpsS ss{]häv sk{I-«dn Øm\w
e£y-an-«p-sImv hnSmsX ]n´p-S-cp¶ bph-a-e-bmfn kplr-¯n-s\bpw Iq«n, AÑ-s\-¯n. hopw R§Ä _Ên¡-b-dn jmP-lm³ tdmUns\ e£y-an«v bm{X XpS-§n. bp.-]n.-F-kv.-kn-bpsS {][m\ Ihm-S-¯n-eqsS R§Ä t[mÂ]qÀ luknsâ hmXn¡-se-¯n. AXn-\-¸p-dw Ahn-Sps¯ DtZym-K-ØÀ¡pw A¶s¯ CâÀhyq-hn\p ]s¦-Sp-¡p¶ DtZym-KmÀ°n-IÄ¡pw am{Xsa {]th-i-\-ap-Åq. Hc-Sp¯ kplr-¯n-s\-t¸mse F\n¡v ssI X¶p sImv Bß-hn-izmkw kv^pcn-¡p¶ t\m«-¯n-eq-sSbpw hnSÀ¶ Nncn-tbm-sSbpw F\n¡v "s_Ìv Hm^v e¡v' Cw¥o-jn t\À¶p. AXnsâ Bth-i-¯n CâÀhyq-hnsâ BZys¯ ]¯v an\n«v F\n¡v ]nSn¨p \n¡m³ ]än. sNbÀam-s\bpw cp saw_Àamscbpw Hcp-hn[w Xr]vXn-s¸-Sp-¯m³ ]än-b-Xmbn Rm³ hniz-kn-¡p-¶p. Aѳ X¶ shdpw Bß-_-e-¯nÂ, Xte-¶s¯ t]mse \S¶ k©mc at²y In«nb \pdp§v Úm\-¯n-eqsS. F¶m \mem-a-\mb Hcp _wKmfn _m\ÀPn Fs¶ hnSm³ `mh-ap-m-bn-cp-¶n-Ã. kwKXn IqSp-X sSIv\n-¡-en-te¡v t]mb-t¸mÄ Rm³ ]X-dn. X¸n-¯-Sªp Nne D¯-c-§Ä X«n-aq-fn. tNmZy-a-WvUew IqSp-X Db-c-§-fn-te¡pw kuc-bq-Y-¯nte¡pw aäpw t]mb-t¸mÄ AÑsâ KmÔn-ZÀi\w ]pd-s¯-Sp-¯p. kXyw ]d-ªp. "Adn-bnà kmÀ'. _m\ÀPn \nÀ¯n.
XSn-bqcn ]pd-¯n-d-§n-b-t¸mÄ Hcp km[m-cW ]nXm-hnsâ D¡WvT kv^pcn-¡p¶ I®p-I-tfmsS t[m¸qÀ luknsâ hnim-e-amb ]p¯-In-Sn-bn N{aw ]Sn-ªn-cp-¶n-cp¶ Aѳ Fs¶ FXn-tc-äp. Dmb kwKXn AXp-t]mse ]d-ªp. AÑs\ sNdp-Xmbn \ncm-i-s¸-Sp-t¯n h¶-Xn F\n¡v tJZ-ap-m-bn-cp-¶p. \nan-j-§Ä¡p-Ån Aѳ ]gb AÑ-\m-bn. CâÀhyq-I-sfms¡ C§ns\ Xs¶-bm-Wv, AXn ]cn-{`-an-¡m-s\m-¶p-anà F¶p ]d-ªp-sImv Bth-i-]qÀÆw Fgp-t¶-äp. Fsâ X-e-bnse `mc-saÃmw \nan-jmÀ²-¯n Hgn-ªp. ssSbpsS sI«v H¶p-IqSn apdp-¡n, ISw hm§nb tIm«v Agn¨p IpSªv hopw [cn-¨p, JZ-d-Ãm¯ ]mâpw JZ-d-Ãm¯ _´v Kem tIm«pw [cn-¨n-cp¶ AÑsâ IqsS jmP-lm³ tdmUn-en-d-§n. R§-sfm-¶n¨p ZoÀL-t\cw jmP-lm³ tdmUn-eq-sSbpw C´ym-tKäv Npän AtimIm tdmUn-eq-sSbpw \S-¶pþ jmP-lm³ N{I-hÀ¯n-bp-sSbpw AtimI N{I-hÀ¯n-bp-sSbpw XesbSp-t¸m-sSþ hopw ]t«Â Nu¡nÂ. AXm-bn-cp¶p Rm\pw AÑ\pw H¶n-¨p-m-bn-cp¶ Ah-
km\ bm{X.
]t«Â Nu¡n\p hf-sc-b-Sp-¯pÅ 18, hn³UvkÀ s¹bvkv F¶ _w¥m-hn sh¨m-bn-cp¶p 1978 HIvtSm-_À 11 \p AÑsâ ac-Ww. kao-]-¯p-m-bn-cp-¶Xv Fsâ A\p-P³ {]tamZpw AÑsâ ktlm-Z-c³ Icp-Wm-I-csâ aI³ kptcjpw. cp-t]cpw AÑ\p {]nb-s¸-«-hÀ. AÑsâ ac-W-tijw A½ ]dªp Rm\-dn-ªp. CâÀhyq Ignªv ]cn-£o-W-\mbn ap¶n h¶p-\n¶ Fs¶-s¡mv AÑ\pw XfÀ¶n-cp¶p F¶v, Fgp-¯n-eqsS Aѳ Adn-bn-¨n-cp-s¶-¶v. CâÀhyq-hn 45% amÀt¡msS HSp-hn ske-Ivj³ In«nb Imcyw ]s£ AÑ\p Adn-bm³ ]än-bn-Ã. acWw AXn\p aps¼ Dm-bn. Hcp-]s£ DÄ¡mgvN sImv CsX-\n¡v In«p-sa¶v Aѳ Adn-ªn-cn-¡-Ww. AÑsâ kzX-Ên-²-amb `mh§fnte-¡pÅ s]s«-¶pÅ Xncn-¨p-h-chpw Fs¶ IqSn ]gb Xmf-¯n-te¡v DS-\Sn sImp-h-¶Xpw AXp Xs¶-bm-bn-cn-¡p-sa¶p Rm³ kam-[m-\n-¡p-¶p.
AÑs\ thZ-\n-¸n¨ Imcy-§-fn cs®w ChnsS Ipdn-¡p-hm³ B{K-ln-¡p-¶p. BZy-t¯Xv kulr-Z-kw-`m-j-W-§-fn-eq-sSbpw cm-a-t¯Xv t\cn«pw A\p-`-hn-¨-dn-ª-Xm-Wv. {io.-F-kv.sI s]mä-¡m-Snsâ {]kn-²-amb "kzmX-{´y-¯n-te¡v' F¶ teJ-\-¯n C´y¡v kzmX-{´yw In«nb 1947 BKkvXv 14mw \v AÀ²-cm-{Xn-bnse At±-l-¯nsâ A\p-`hw AXy-[nIw BÀÖ-h-t¯m-sSbpw A`n-am-\t¯msSbpw {]Xn-]m-Zn-¡p-¶p-v. B [\y-ap-lqÀ¯w Fkv.-sIbpw "kplr¯pw' BtLm-jn-¨Xv km{am-Py-Xz-¯nsâ {]Xo-I-am-bn-cp¶ Xe-tÈ-cn-t¡m-«-bpsS Xe-¸¯p sh¨m-bn-cp-¶p. ]{´v aWn-b-Sn-¨-t¸mÄ, \msS§pw IXn-\-sh-Sn-Ifpw BËm-Zm-c-h-§fpw DbÀ¶-t¸mÄ, cp kplr-¯p-¡fpw kzX{´ C´y-bnse `mKy-hm-·m-cmb kzX-{´-]u-c-·mbn ]c-kv]cw A`n-hmZyw sNbvXp. AÑs\ \ncm-i-s¸-Sp-¯n-bXv F´p-sImv Fkv.sI B teJ-\-¯n kplr-¯nsâ t]cv shfn-s¸-Sp-¯n-bnà F¶-Xm-bn-cp-¶p. H¼Xmw ¢mÊn ae-bmf ]mTm-h-en-bn H¶m-as¯ ]mT-ambn Ipª-¼p-amjv Fs¶ B A²ymbw ]Tn-¸n-¡p-t¼mÄ F\n¡pw Xe-tÈ-cn-¡m-c-\mb Ipª-¼p-amjv¡pw Adn-bn-Ãm-bn-cp¶p B "kplr¯v' Fsâ AÑ-\m-bn-cp-s¶-¶v. Xsâ Bß-kp-lr¯pw Xs¶ Ft¸mgpw "{]nb-s¸« amjvSÀ ' F¶p I¯pI-fn-eqsSbpw ]pXp- ]p-kvX-I-{]-Xn-IÄ apd-sX-ämsX Ab¡pt¼mgpw kwt_m-[\ sN¿p¶ Bfp-amb Fkv.sI F´p-sImv AXp sNbvXp
F¶v ]e kµÀ`-§-fnepw Aѳ HmÀ½n-¡m-dp-m-bn-cp-¶p. {]tXy-In¨v A¶v Aѳ {i²m-]qÀÆw sXc-sª-Sp-s¯mcp¡nb ]Ým¯-e-¯n \S¶ Imcyw hnh-cn-¡p-t¼mÄ {][m\ IYm-]m-{X-s¯, hninjy Id Ifª kzmX-{´y-k-a-c-tk-\m-\n-sb, F´p-sImv Fkv.sI Xsâ hmb-\-¡mÀ¡v ]cn-N-b-s¸-Sp-¯n-s¡m-Sp-¯nà F¶ a\-kvXm]w AÑ\v F¶pw Dm-bn-cp-¶p.
asäm¶p 1973þ74  amln-bn AÑsâbpw sF.-sI. Ipam-c³ amjp-sSbpw aäpw ITn\ ]cn-{iaw hgn h¶Xpw amln-bpsS hntam-N-\-¯n\p \nZm-\-am-b-Xp-amb amln sdbn tdmUv ]me-¯nsâ tdmUv `mKw s]mfn¡m³ sdbnÂsh Xocp-am-\n-¨-t¸m-gm-bn-cp-¶p. AXy´w {hWnX lrZ-b-\mbn ImW-s¸« Aѳ Fs¶ ASp¯p hnfn¨v Cw¥o-jn ZoÀL-am-sbmcp \nth-Z\w UnIvtSäv sNbvXp-X-¶p. A¶s¯ sdbnÂsh tI{µ-a-{´n-bmb PKvÖo-h³ dman\pw {]tXyIw {]tXy-I-ambn I¼n-b-Sn-¡m³. A¶p AÑsâ GI hcp-am-\-am-bn-cp¶ kzmX{´y kac s]³jsâ apgp-h³ XpI-bmb 200 cq]bpw I¿n X¶v Fs¶ HmSn-¨p, t]mtÌm-^o-kn-te¡v GXmv apgp-h³ XpIbpw apS¡n hms]m-fn-¨n-cn¡p¶ I¼n-am-Ì-sd-s¡mv I¼n-bp-a-Sn-¸n¨p cko-Xp-ambn aS-§n-sb-¯n-b-¸tg AÑsâ apJ-¯n\v Hcev]w Abhv h¶p-Åq. AXp IqSmsX ZoÀLn¨ teJ-\-§fpw ]{X-§-fn sImSp-¡p-I-bp-m-bn, A¨-Sn¨p hcn-Ibpw sNbvXp. ]s£, Gäp ]nSn-¡m³ Bcp-ap-m-bn-cp-¶n-Ã, amln-¡m-c-S-¡w.
AXm-bn-cp¶p Fsâ Aѳ.
{]Zo]v s\«qÀ
IogqÀ
09þ12þ07
AÑs\ Fsâ I®n¡qSn t\m¡pI F¶ {]{In-b¡v- D-dp¼v Hcp B\sb t\m¡p-¶-Xn-t\mSv D]-an-¡p-¶-Xmhpw icn. ]e hyàn-Ifpw Ah-cpsS ImeL-«¯n th-co-Xn-bn hne-a-Xn-¡-s¸-Sp-Itbm Xncn-¨-dn-b-s¸-Sp-Itbm sN¿m-dnÃ. adn¨v AÀln¡m-¯-hÀ aäp {]N-c-tWm-]m-[n-bpsS klm-b-t¯m-sS A\Àl-amb D¯pwK§fn F¯m-dp-ap-v. F¶m AXv imizX-hp-a-Ã. {]i-kvXn¡pw {]Xm-]-¯n\pw ]W-¯n-\p-wthn H¶pw sN¿m³ XmÂ]-cy-s¸-Sm¯ Hcp a\p-jy³; Xsâ t]cv ine-bn sIm¯n-sh-¡-W-sa¶v Hcn-¡epw B{K-ln-¨n-«p-an-Ã. ta¸-d-ªXv Fsâ Aѳ s\«qÀ ]n F¶ hyàn-bpsS am{Xw KpW-am-sW¶v Rm³ Icp-Xp-¶p-an-Ã. A¡m-e¯v Pohn-¨n-cp-¶, hninjy, ae-_m-dp-I-mcmb GXp t\Xm-¡sf FSp-¯mepw Cusbmcp ImgvN-¸mSv DÅXm-bn-«mWv F\n¡v tXm¶p-¶-Xv. AsÃ-¦n ssIs¿-¯m-hp¶-{Xbpw ASp¯v kwPm-X-amb `uXnI temI-¯nsâ \nd-¸-In-«n I®v aª-fn-¡msX, Hcp DÄhn-fn-sb-t¶mWw tZiob {]Øm-\-¯nsâ Blzm-\-¯n BIr-jvS-\mbn, XymK-¯nsâ ]mX kzoI-cn-¡n-Ãm-bn-cp-¶p. 1940 Ime-L-«-§-fn C´y-bnse ]pIÄs]ä hnZym-`ymk tI{µ-amb a{Zmkv {InkvXy³ tImtfPv F¶ Øm]-\-¯n `uXnI imkv{X-¯n _ncp-Z-¯n-\mbn Ah-km\ hÀjw ]Tn-¨p-sIm-n-cn-s¡ AsXÃmw hns«-dn-bm³ At±-ls¯ t{]cn-¸n-¨Xv asämcp tNtXm-hn-Im-c-a-Ã.
Xe-tÈcn t]mse-bpÅ sNdnb ]«-W-¯n \n¶pw henb km¼-¯nI Ønc-X-sbm-¶p-an-Ãm¯ Hcp IpSpw-_-¯n \n¶v Fgp-¶q-dn¸cw Intem-ao-äÀ AIse InS-¡p¶ {]i-kvXn-bmÀÖn¨ a{Zmkv {InkvXy³ tImtf-Pn {]th-i\w Ic-Ø-am-¡m\pw XpSÀ¶v ]Tn¡m\pw A\p-`-hn-t¡n h¶ hnj-a-X-IÄ \ap¡v Duln-¡m-hp-¶-tX-bp-Åq. CXn-s\-sbms¡ AXn-Po-hn-¡m³ Ign-ªXv s\«qÀ ]n bpsS CÑm-iàn H¶p-sImp am{X-am-Wv. Zmtam-Z-c³ Hcp km[m-cW hnZymÀ°n-bm-bn-cp-¶n-Ã. a{Zmkv {InkvXy³ tImtfPv bqWn-b³ sNbÀam\pw ÌpU³kv Unt_-änwKv ¢_v sk{I-«-dn-bmbpw
{]hÀ¯n¨ At±lw A¶s¯ Cw-¥o-jp-Im-c-\mb {]n³kn-¸-ensâ {]tXyI kvt\l-¯n\v ]m{Xo-`q-X-\m-bn-cp-¶p. Fw.-kn.kn {]n³kn¸ensâbpw bqWn-b³ Iu¬kn-en-sâbpw IqsS-sb-Sp-s¯mcp ]gb t^mt«m Hcp Aaqey \n[n-bm-bn-«mWv Rm³ IW-¡m-¡p-¶-Xv. Hcp-]t£ A¶v `uXnI imkv{X-¯n Xs¶ {i² tI{µo-I-cn¨v ]T\w XpSÀ¶n-cp-¶p-sh-¦n ]n¡m-e¯v imkv{X kw_-Ôn-bmb \à hIp¸n `c-W-¯-e-ht\m atäm BIm-am-bn-cp-¶ s\«qÀ ]n, Xsâ hgn kzmX-{´y-e-_v[n-¡p-thn hn\n-tbm-Kn-t¡--Xm-sW¶v Xncn-¨-dn-bp-Ibpw aäp `uXoI Pohn-X-¯nsâ {]tem-`-\-§-fn \n¶v AI-¶p-t]m-hp-I-bp-am-bn-cp-¶p.
hSn-shm¯ hyàn-Xzw, Hmtcm A£-c-§-fnepw {]Xn-_nw-_n-¡p¶ ssI¿-£-c-¯n Aѳ As¶-gp-Xnb {]IvSn-¡Â sdt¡mÀUv ap¸-Xp-hÀj-§Ä¡v tijw Rm³ AtX imJ-bn _ncp-Z-¯n\v ]Tn-¡p-t¼mÄ d^-d³kv sdt¡mÀUmbn {]tbm-P-\-s¸-Sp-¯n-bn-«p-v. Nne-t¸m-sg-¦nepw Rm³ ]mT-§Ä Dcp-hn-Sp-t¼mÄ Aѳ AXv tNmZn¨v HmÀ½ ]pXp-¡m-dp-m-bn-cp-¶p. GXp-Im-cyhpw AhKml-ambn ]Tn-¡m-\pÅ Hcp at\m-`mhw AÑ-³ F¶pw \ne-\nÀ¯n-bn-cp¶p. FSp-¡p¶ Xocp-am-\§fpw ImgvN-¸m-Sp-Ifpw CS-bv¡nsS amänadn¡m-dnÃ. AtX-t]m-se-¯s¶ FSp¯ Xocp-am-\-§-fn Hcn-¡epw ]cn-X-]n-¨n-«p-an-Ã. ]e-t¸mgpw A¯cw Xocp-am-\-§Ä Øm]nX XmÂ]-cy-¡m-cpsS hf-s¨m-Sn-¡Â ImcWw AÑ\v Xs¶ hn\-bm-bn-¯oÀ¶n-«p-ap-v.
AÑ-sâ Zqc-hym-]-I-amb ImgvN-¸m-Sp-IÄ bYm-k-abw a\-Ên-em-¡m³ ]äm¯, ]Iz-X-bnÃm¯, ka-Im-eo\ t\Xm-¡-fpsS at\m-`m-h-s¯bmtemNn¨v, ]e-t¸mgpw At±lw hymIp-e-s¸-Sm-dp-m-bn-cp-¶p. tIc-f-¯nsâ ka-{K-amb ]ptcm-K-Xn¡v Gähpw DX-Ip-¶Xv Sqdnkw hnI-k-\-am-sW¶v A¡m-e-¯vXs¶ At±lw Is-¯n-bn-cp-¶p. [À½Sw Xpcp-¯v, Ggn-a-e, shÅnbmw IÃv F¶nh kwtbm-Pn-¸n-¨p-sIm-pÅ Hcp Pe-bm{Xm ]²-Xnbpw At±lw Xsâ bm{Xm-hn-h-c-W-§-fn At¶ Bhn-jvI-cn-¨n-cp-¶p. a-e-_m-dnsâ ka{K hnI-k-\-¯n\v DX-Ip¶ Xc-¯n cq]-s¸-Sp-¯n-sb-Sp-¡m-am-bn-cp¶ Xe-tÈ-cn-þ-ssa-kqÀ sdbnÂth-bpsS D]-Úm-Xmhpw aäm-cp-am-bn-cp-¶n-Ã. CXn-te-¡mbn A¶s¯ sdbnÂth a{´n-bm-bn-cp¶ em _l-ZqÀ imkv{Xn-bp-ambn kplrZv Xe-¯n-epÅ kzm[o\w ]c-am-h[n hn\n-tbm-Kn-¡m\pw At±-lw-{i-an-¨n-cp-¶p.
hyàn¡v ap³Xq¡w \ÂIn {]Øm-\s¯ sImp-\-S-¡p¶ ImgvN-¸m-Sm-bn-cp-¶nÃ, aäp-]e ae-_mÀ t\Xm-¡-sf-bp-sa-¶-t]mse s\«qÀ ]n¡pw AXn-\p-th-n D]-Pm] kwL-§sf krjvSn¡m\pw \ne-\nÀ¯m\pw At±lw Hcn-¡epw {ian-¨n-cp-¶nÃ. B Hscm-ä-¡m-cWw sImp-Xs¶ s\«qÀ ]n.bpw hfsc thKw Ncn-{X-¯n-sâ ad-hn-bpsS ]pdw-Xm-fp-I-fn-te¡v t]mbn. BZÀi \njvT-bn AWp-InS hyXn-N-en-¡msX {io \nP-enw-K-¸, emÂ_-l-ZqÀ imkv{Xn, Ima-cm-Pv, C.-Fw.-F-kv, F.-sI.Pn XpS-§nb t\Xm-¡-fp-ambn A[n-Im-c¯n-en-cn-¡p-t¼mgpw AÃ-m¯-t¸mgpw kplr-Zv_Ôw \ne-\nÀ¯n-bn-cp-¶p.
IjvSn¨v Cµn-cm-Km-Ôn-bpsS Imew-hsc AÑ\v cmjv{So-b-¯n hnizm-k-ap-m-bn-cp¶p. C´y³ cmjv{So-b-¯n\v kw`-hn¨p-sIm-n-cn-¡p¶ [À½-Nyp-Xn-bn a\w-s\m´v Aѳ AXn¸ns¶ cmjv{Sob taJ-e-bnÂ\n¶v ]n³hm-§p-I-bm-bn-cp¶p. Xsâ Pohn-X-¯n \n¶v Fs´-¦nepw km[n-¨n-«p-s-¦n AXv hcpw Xe-ap-dbv¡v ]I-cm³ Fgp-¯mWv \Ã-sX¶v Aѳ a\-Ên-em-¡n-bn-cp-¶p. Xsâ Pohn-Xm-\p-`-h-§fpw, t\cn a\vÊn-em¡n lrZ-b-¯n X«nb kw`-h-§fpw ]pkvXI cq]-¯n-em-¡m³ At±lw B{K-ln-¨p. F¶m AXv {]kn-²o-I-cn¡m³ A\p-`-hn-t¡-n-h¶ at\m-hy-Y-Ifpw IS-¼-Ifpw AXn-\-\p-h-Zn-¨n-Ã. ]n¡m-e¯v AÑsâ ac-W-tijw A½-bmWv AÑsâ \nd-th-ä-s¸-Sm¯ B{K-l-amb ""A\p-`-h-¨p-cp-fp-IÄ'' F¶ ]pkvXIw {]kn-²o-I-cn-¨-Xv. hmb-\m-ioew \in-¨p-sIm-n-cn-¡p¶ Cu Ime-L-«-¯n AXpw Hcp A[n-I-¸-äm-tb¡ptam Bthm.
KmÔn-b³ BZÀi-§-fnepw XXz-im-kv{X-¯n-ep-am-bn-cp¶p AÑ\v IqSp-X B`n-ap-Jyw. tkmjy-en-k-¯n-te-¡pÅ C´y-bpsS {]bmWw icn-bmbn \S-¡p-¶p-tm-sb¶v AÑ\v kwi-b-ap-m-bn-cp-¶p. Xsâ bm{Xm-hn-h-c-W-§-fn H¶n Hcn-S¯v Aѳ Xs¶ FgpXnb Hcp kw`hw HmÀ½ hcp¶p. ]«n-I-PmXn ]«n-I-hÀ¤-¡m-cpsS C´y-bnse Ah-Ø-sb-¡p-dn¨v ]Tn-¡m³ em _l-ZqÀimkv{Xn \ntbm-Kn¨ kvs]jÄ Hm^o-k-dmbn tPmen t\m¡p¶ thf-bnÂ, _olm-dntem atäm Hcp {Kma¯n k©cn-¡p-t¼mÄ Aѳ `£n¨ Hcp ]g-¯nsâ sXmen Zqsc hen-s¨-dn-ªp. AXp-hsc AZr-iy-cm-bn-cp¶ cp Ip«n-IÄ B ]g-s¯m-en-¡p-thn ASn-]n-Sn-Iq-Sp¶ Hcp cwKw Nn{Xo-I-cn-¨n-«p-v. lrZ-b-th-Z-\-tbmsS B Zriyw t\m¡n-¡ Aѳ "Bh-Un-`p-h-t\-izcw tdmUnÂ' F¶ Xe-¡p-dn-¸mWv \ÂIn-bn-cp¶-Xv Cu
A\p-`h tcJbv¡v. ta¸-dª cv Øe§-fn-em-bn-cp¶p C´y-bp-sS-Xs¶ `mhn Xocp-am-\n-¡-s¸-Sp¶ F.-sF.-kn.kn aoänw-Kp-IÄ \S-¯n-bn-cp-¶-sX-¶XmWv AXnsâ {]k-àn.
kp{]-kn-²-\mb Fgp-¯p-Im-c\pw Úm\-]oTw tPXm-hp-amb Fkv.-sI. s]mä-¡mSv "amÌÀ' F¶v kvt\l-]qÀÆw hnfn-¨n-cp¶ Aѳ, B[p-\nI kmlnXy {]h-W-X-tbmSv henb B`n-apJyw ImWn-¨n-cp-¶nÃ. A[nIw cN-\-IÄ \S-¯n-bn-sÃ-¦nepw Fgp-Xn-bh Hs¡ Hcp P\-Iob kmln-Xy-¯n\v Du¶Â sImSp-¯p-sIm-m-bn-cp-¶p. Hm^o-kÀ Hm¬ kvs]j Uyq«n-bmbn C´y apgp-h\pw tdmUv amÀ¤w kz´w Imdn kzbw ss{Uhv sNbvXv-, C-´y³ ]nt¶m-¡-¡m-cpsS Ah-i-X-IÄ t\cn¡v ]Tn¨ Aѳ B tPmen XnIª AÀ¸W at\m-`m-h-t¯msSbpw Bth-i-t¯m-sS-bp-amWv sNbvX-Xv. bm{Xm-hn-h-c-W-§Ä A¶v JWvUÈ {]kn-²o-I-cn-¨n-cp-¶-Xv ae-bmf at\m-cam hmcn-I-bn-em-bn-cp-¶p. AÑsâ kplr-¯p-¡Ä ]ecpw A¶v AXn-s\-¡p-dn¨v tNmZn¨t¸mÄ AÑsâ adp-]Sn at\m-cam BgvN-¸-Xn¸v kmln-Xy-\n-e-hm-c-¯n AÂ]w XmW-Xm-sW-¦nepw AXv IqSp-X-embn km[m-cW P\-§-fn-te¡v F¯p¶p F¶-Xm-bn-cp-¶p. ISp-I-«n-bmb kwkvIr-X-]-Z-§-fpÅ Ihn-X-IÄ sNmÃp¶ ]Xn-hp-s-¦nepw \mhn hcp-¶Xv an¡-t¸mgpw Ip©³ \¼ym-cp-tStbm Ipam-c-\m-im-tâtbm P\-Iob Imhyw s\«qÀ. ]n iI-e-§-fm-bn-cp-¶p. emfn-Xy-¯nsâ hmWn-bm-bn-cp¶p Pohn-X-¯n-epw {]hr-¯n-bnepw.
Rm³ AÑ-\n I Gähpw henb alXzw Adaptabilitty F¶ KpW-am-bn-cp-¶p. DÅ-t¸mÄ DÅ-Xvt]mse, CÃm-¯-t¸mÄ AXvt]m-se-bpw. Fw.]n Bbn-cn-¡p-t¼mÄ a{´n-a-µn-c-¯n\v Xpey-amb _w¥mhp-I-fnepw aäv hcpam\ amÀ¤-an-Ãm-¯-t¸mÄ sIm¨p hmS-I-ho-Sp-I-fnepw amdn-amdn Aѳ Xma-kn-¨n-cp-¶p. Nmb Hcp sshI-ey-am-bn-cp-¶p. F¶pw k´X kl-Nm-cn-bmbn sXÀt½m-^vfmkvIv ImWpw. AXn Nmbbpw. Hcn-¡Â {]kvXpX ^vfmkvIv Rm\pw A\p-P-¯nbpw Ifn-¡p-t¼mÄ \ne¯v hoWp-S-bp-Ibpw tZjyw h¶ Aѳ R§sf hfsc amÀ±-h-ambn H¶-Sn-¡p-Ibpw sNbvXn-cp-¶p. Pohn-X-¯n AXy-]qÀÆ-ambn am{Xta Aѳ aäp-Å-hsc thZ-\n-¸n-¨n-cp-¶p-Åq.
ac-W-s¯-¡p-dn¨v AÑ-³ F¶pw Hcm-{Klw {]I-Sn-¸n-¨n-cp-¶p. tcmK-i-¿-bn amk-§Ä InS-¡p-¶-h-sc-¡v thZ-\n-¨n-cp¶ Aѳ, Ft¸mgpw a\-Ên sImp-\-S¶ Hcm-{Klw A§ns\ Hcp Zpc-hØ
Dm-¡-cptX F¶m-Wv. Hcp sXäpw sN¿m-¯-hÀ Btcbpw t]Sn-t¡ F¶ XXzw AÑsâ FÃm {]hr-¯n-bnepw ImWm-am-bn-cp-¶p. kzP-\-]-£-]m-X-¯nt\m ip]mÀibvt¡m X³Imcyw ImWp-¶-Xnt\m Hcp henb A]-hm-Z-am-bn-cp¶p Aѳ. ^nkvIn-kn _ncp-Zm-\-´c _ncpZw t\Snb F\n¡v H¶c hÀj-t¯mfw tPmen In«n-bn-Ã. C{X henb D¶X hyàn-I-fp-ambn hfsc \à kplr-Zv_-Ô-ap-m-bn-cp¶ Aѳ Fsâ tPmen¡v thn Hcp ip]mÀibpw \S-¯m³ X¿m-dm-bn-cp-¶n-Ã. Fsâ A½ (]-tc-X-bmb eoem Zmtam-Z-c³ dn«. Un.-C.-H) H¶v cv XhW AÑ-t\mSv CXn-s\-¸än kqNn-¸n-s¨-¦nepw kabw hcp-t¼mÄ AÀl-n¡p-¶Xv In«pw F¶ D¯-c-amWv At±lw ]d-ª-Xv.
Ah-km\ Ime¯v kÀ¡kv s^U-td-j³ Hm^v C´y F¶ Hcp kwL-S-\-bpsS sk{I-«dn F¶ ]Z-hnbn sNdnb i¼-f-¯n {]hÀ¯n-¡p-I-bm-bn-cp¶ AÑ\v Hcp klm-bn-bmbn Rm\pw UÂln-bn-te-¡p-t]m-bn. Nne aÕ-c-]-co-£IÄ¡v X¿m-sd-Sp¸pw Dt±-iy-ap-m-bn-cp¶p Iq«-¯nÂ. UÂln-bn-em-bn-cp-¶-t¸mÄ hà kt½-f-\-§fpw \S-¡p¶p-s-¦n Fs¶bpw Iq«n Aѳ t]mIm-dp-m-bn-cp-¶p. Nne-t¸mÄ hnjbw hntZ-i-Im-cy-s¯-¡p-dn-¨p-Å-Xm-bn-cn-¡mw. AsÃ-¦n kmln-Xys¯tbm kwkvIm-c-s¯tbm Ipdn-¨m-bn-cn-¡mw. AÑsâ Xs¶ kplr-¯m-bn-cp¶ Hcp bp.]n ]mÀe-saâv AwK-¯nsâ ho«n-em-bn-cp¶p R§fpsS Xmakw. Hcp-h-enb _w¥m-hnsâ sIm¨p apdn-bnÂ. Hcp Znhkw AÑ-s\-s¶bpw Iq«n, AÑs\ Hcp \à kplr-¯mbn IW-¡m-¡n-bn-cp¶ PKvPo-h³ dmansâ ho«n t]mbn. A¶v PKvPoh³ dmw C´y-bpsS {]Xn-tcm-[-a-{´n-bm-bn-cn-¡p¶ Imew. {]Xn-tcm-[-a-{´n-bm-sW-¦n t]mepw AÑ\v PKvPoh³ dmansâ apdn-bn IS¶p sNÃm-\pÅ kzmX{´yw A¶p-m-bn-cp-¶p. Fs¶ Aѳ a{´n¡v ]cn-N-b-s¸-Sp-¯n-s¡m-Sp-¯-t¸mÄ PKvPo-h³ dmw Ft¶mSv tNmZn¨p. F´mWv sN¿p-¶Xv? Rm³ ]d-ªp. ""^nkn-IvkvþC-e-Ivt{Sm-Wn-Ivkn _ncp-Zm-\-´c _ncp-Z-ap-v. tPmen-¡mbn {ian-¡p-¶p.'' DSs\ a{´nbpsS adp-]-Snbpw h¶p. ]änb \à Un^³kv FÌm-»n-jvsaân {ian-¡q F¶v. Xm¦-fpsS klmbw CXn-\p-th-Ww. F¶v Hcp hm¡v Aѳ ]d-b-W-sa¶v Rm³ a\-Ên {]mÀ°n¨p. ]t£, AXp-m-bn-Ã. BZÀi \njvTbv¡v Aev]w t]mepw hyXn-bm-\-ap-m-bn-«n-Ã. Hcp-Im-e¯pw. a¡Ä¡p-thn F´v Ip«n-¡-c-Whpw adn-bm³
aSn-Im-Wn-¡m¯ C¶s¯ Xe-ap-dbv¡v Hcp A]-hmZw Xs¶-bm-bn-cp-¶p Aѳ.
\nkzmÀ°-amb kmaq-lnI {]i-\-§Ä¡v Pohn-X-Imew apgp-h³ {]hÀ¯n-¨-Xn\v {]Xn-^-e-sa-t¶mWw Aѳ B{K-ln¨-Xp-t]m-se-Xs¶ acW tZh-Xbpw AÑs\ A\p-{K-ln-¨p. Ah-km\ \nan-jw-hsc IÀ½ \nc-X-\m-bn-cp¶ AÑ\v Hcn-¡Â t]mepw Btcm-Ky-{]-iv\§-fp-m-bn-cp-¶nÃ. Xsâ Btcm-Ky-¯n {]IrXn Xs¶ th-Xmb Imcy-§Ä sN¿pw F¶v Dd¨p hniz-kn-¨n-cp¶p Aѳ. P· \m«n \n¶v cm-bn-c-¯n¸cw ssaep-IÄ¡v A¸p-ds¯ C´y-bpsS Xe-Øm\ \K-c-amb UÂln-bn P\-§Ä cmweoe BtLm-jn¡p¶ Znh-k-am-bn-cp¶p AXv. Xsâ kXoÀ°y\pw kvt\ln-X-\p-amb t{Käv Hdn-b kÀ¡kv DSa, ]tc-X-\mb A¨yp-X³ A¶v Xe-Øm-\¯v kÀ¡kv \S-¯n-bn-cp-¶p. Aѳ kÀ¡kv IqSm-c-¯n t]mhp-Ibpw, ]Tn-¡m\pw aäpw NnÃd tPmen-I-fp-Å-Xn-\m Rm\pw Fsâ sNdn-b-Ñsâ aI\pw ho«n Xs¶-bn-cn-¡p-Ibpw sNbvXp. kÀ¡kv X¼n \n¶v _kp Ib-dn-h¶ Aѳ ""{^oUw Aäv anUvss\äv'' F¶ Cw¥ojp ]pkvXIw hmbn-¡p-I-bm-bn-cp-¶p. _w¥m-hnsâ ]d-¼nÂXs¶ Hcp ae-bmfn \S-¯p¶ Nmb-¡-S-bn-te¡v Rm\pw sNdn-b-Ñsâ aI\pw t]mIp-t¼mÄ ama\v Nmb-sIm-p-h-c-Wtam F¶v kptc-jv_m_p tNmZn-¨p. ""th'' F¶p adp-]Sn ]dªp. Aѳ ]ns¶bpw hmb-\-bn apgp-In. Nmb IpSn¨p h¶ R§Ä AÑs\ Ccp¶ Øe¯v In-Ã. AÂ] kabw Ignªv Ipfn-ap-dn-bn \n¶v \S¶p h¶ Aѳ I«n-en-te¡v InS-¡pI-bm-bn-cp-¶p. InS¶v Ign-ª-t¸mÄ km[m-cW sN¿m-dp-Å-Xp-t]mse Hcp Im ]Xps¡ Cf-¡p-¶p-m-bn-cp-¶p. s\©n Ft´m XS-ª-t]mse Hcp {]mhiyw apc-S-\-¡n. t\cs¯ Ign¨ `£Ww Ft´m sXm-bn Ipcp-§n-b-Xm-bn-cn¡mw F¶p IcpXn Rm³ AÑsâ s\©v XS-hn-s¡m-t-bn-cp-¶p. sNdn-b-Ñsâ aI\v Imcy-¯n ]´n-bsöv a\-Ên-embn. DS³ tUmIvSsd hnfn-¡m-t\m-Sn. Hcp \o Dd-¡-¯nsâ Bcw-`-ambn bmsXmcp tNjvS-bpw ImWn-¡msX InS¶ AÑs\ tUmIvSÀ h¶v ]cn-tim-[n-¨p. acWw Dd-¸m-¡n. R§-fpsS _Ôphpw GP³kn {^©v {]Êv kvs]j Id-kvt]m-âpw Bbn UÂln-bn-epÅ {io cma-N-{µ³ DS-s\-sb-¯p-Ibpw ]{X-{]-hÀ¯-\-¯n HutZym-KnI Pohn-X-¯n\v \mµn Ipdn¨ s\«qÀ ]n. bpsS Pohn-Xm-h-km-\-¯n\v Kpcp-Z-£n-
W-sb-t¶mWw A\p-Nn-X-amb Ah-km\ bm{Xbv¡v hgn-sbm-cp-¡p-I-bpw sNbvXp. amXr-`qan UÂln {]tXyI {]Xn-\n-[-n-bmb ]tc-X-\mb hn. sI. am[-h³Ip-«n, bpàn-hm-Zn-bmb CS-a-dpIv, Fgp-¯p-Im-c-\mb {io Ipdp¸v F¶n-hcpw DS-s\-sb-¯n.
hn[n-bpsS hnIr-Xn-sb-t¶mWw AÑsâ acW hmÀ¯ A½ Adn-ªXv ]ntä¶v ho«n-te¡v h¶ ]{X ¯neqsSbm-bn-cp-¶p. 1978 ho«n t^mWn-Ãm-bn-cp-¶p. cm{Xn ]¯p-a-Wn¡v \S¶ A´yw A¶p-cm{Xn A¨-Sn-¡p¶ ]{X¯n hcn-Ibpw ]ntä¶v cmhnse Bdp-a-Wn¡v {]kvXpX ]{Xw R§-fpsS GPâv \mcm-b-W³ ho«n F¯n-¡p-Ibpw sNbvXp. H¶p-a-dn-bmsX Xsâ Zn\-N-cy-bn BZys¯ ]Sn-bmbn apäw ASn-¨p-hm-cn-s¡m-n-cn-¡p¶ A½-sb-¡v \mcm-b-W³ AÔm-fn-¨p. ]{Xw ho«n-enSmsX ASp¯ ho«n t]mbn Ahn-Sps¯ Krl-\m-Ys\ Iv Imcy-§Ä ]d-ªp. AXn-\p-ti-j-amWv AÑsâ ac-W-hn-hcw A½ Adn-bp¶Xv.
IS-¸m-Sn-ÃmsX a\p-jy-Po-hnXanÃ. Bcv BÀ¡v F§s\ IS-s¸-Sp¶p F¶p \nÝ-bn-¡m\pw Ign-bnÃ. kÀ¡kv s^U-td-j-\n \n¶v In«n-bn-cp¶ 1000 I F¶ {]Xn-amk hcp-am-\-¯n-em-bn-cp¶p R§Ä A¶v Pohn-¨n-cp-¶-Xv. hcp-¶Xv hcp-¶n-S¯v ImWmw F¶ ss[cyw AÑ-\p-m-bn-cp-¶p. acn-¡p¶ Znh-kw AÑsâ A¡u-n Dm-bn-cp-¶Xv 400 cq]bpw Ioi-bn Ipd¨v NnÃ-d-I-fpw cp knK-cäpw am{X-am-bn-cp-¶p. \m«n \n¶v DSs\ BÀ¡pw F¯m³ Ign-bp-am-bn-cp-¶n-Ã. ac-W-{In-b-IÄ¡mbn Rm\pw sNdn-b-Ñsâ aI\pw ]ns¶ {iocmaN-{µ\pw am{Xw. hnZymÀ°n PohnXw apgp-an-¸n¨ F\n¡v F´mWv sN¿pI F¶v Hcp ]nSnbpw CÃm-bn-cp-¶p.-Po-hn-X-¯n BZyambn ac-W-¯nsâ apJw ImWp-I. AXpw {]nb-s¸«, Rm³ PnhnX amXrIbm¡p¶ kz´w Aѳ tNX-\-bäv, F¶m ]p©ncn XqIp¶ apJ-hp-ambn Fs¶ t\m¡p-¶p. \o hnj-an-t¡-. FÃm-¯n\pw Hcp hgn-bp-m-Ipw. Fs¶-t¶mSv ]d-bp-I-bm-W¶p tXm¶n-t¸mIpw B apJw ImÂ. B `mhw A\zÀ°-am-¡n-s¡mv ASp¯ \nanjw "Hmdn-bâ A¨p' F¶ AÑ-sâ _mey-Ime kplr¯v (F{Xtbm sImÃ-§Ä¡p tij-am-bn-cp¶p .UÂln-bn Ah-cpsS Ah-km-\s¯ IqSn-¡m-gvN) R§Ä Xma-kn-¨n-cp¶ 18 hn³UvkÀ t¹-kn F¯n. IqsS Hcp-h-enb kwLhpw Dm-bn-cp-¶p. {io A¨p B kwL-¯n\v th \nÀt±-i-§Ä sImSp-¯p. R§-tfmSv h¶p ]d-ªp. H¶p-sImpw Ass[-cy-
s¸-S-cp-Xv. Chn-Sps¯ Imcy-§Ä Hs¡ Fsâ Ip«n-IÄ t\m¡n-s¡m-Åpw. _m¡n apgp-h³ Imcy-§fpw t\m¡n-bXv kÀ¡kv amt\-PÀ ]ß-\m-`\pw Ah-cp-sS-Xs¶ _Ôp-hmb {io cmP\pw Iq«-cp-am-bn-cp-¶p. `mj icn¡v hi-anÃm¯ A\y-\m-«n C´ybpsS Xe-Øm\ \K-cn-bn AÑsâ Ah-km-\-{In-b-IÄ bYm-hn[n \S-¯n. R§Ä¡v H¶pw Adn-tb-n-h-¶n-Ã. A{X IrXy-X-tbm-sSbpw Nn«-h-«-t¯m-sSbpw Imcy-§Ä \o¡nb {io A¨p- Xsâ amt\-Pvsaânsâ Ignhv sImv ]e-t¸mgpw Fs¶ AÛp-X-s¸-Sp-¯n-bn-cp¶p. AXn-\p-ti-j-amWv \m«n \ns¶sâ G«³ {]Zo]pw aq¯ ktlm-Z-cn-bpsS `À¯mhv tUmIvSÀ ]ß-\m-`\pw UÂln-bn-se-¯m³ Ign-ª-Xv.
{io. A¨p-X³ XÂk-abw sNbvX D]-Im-c-¯n\pw Hcp-¡-§Ä¡pw {]Xyp-]-Imcw ]d-bm\pw AXn\p Nne-hn« ]Ww Xncn-¨p-sIm-Sp-¡m\pw thn R§Ä {io. A¨p-hns\ sN¶p-I-p. ""Rms\m¶pw henb Imcyw sNbvXn-«n-Ã, \n§Ä ]Ww Xcm-s\m¶pw {ian-¡-cp-Xv. AXv Fsâ CjvS _mey-Ime kplr-¯nsâ Ah-km\ {Inb-IÄ sN¿m-\pÅ Fsâ Ah-Imiw Rm³ hn\n-tbm-Kn-¨p. A{X-am-{Xw.''
CXv ]d-bp-t¼mÄ Aѳ AZriy\mbn ]nd-In \n¶v Xsâ kzX-kn-Z-[-amb ssien-bn Dudn-¨n-cn-¡p-¶-Xp-t]mse F\n-¡-\p-`-h-s¸-Sp-¶p. F{Xtbm hnin-jvS-hy-àn-IÄ A´y-\n-{Z-sIm-Åp¶ bap\m \Zn-bpsS Ic¡v \nKw-t_m-ZvL-«nse ivaim-\-¯n km[m-c-W-¡m-cn km[m-c-W-¡m-c-\mbn s\«qÀ ]nbpsS `uXnI icocw Aán \mf-§Ä Gäp-hm-§n, HmÀ½-bm-bn.
HmÀ½-bn AÑs\ NnI-sª-Sp-¡p-t¼mÄ, Xe-tÈcn Ime-L-«t¯-¡mÄ a\-Ên sXfnªp hcp-¶-Xv, hS-I-c-bn aq¯½ A½p- G-S-¯n-bpsS hoSmb " cma-\n-eb' ]Ým-¯-e-am-Wv. hÃ-t¸mgpw Aѳ hcp-t¼mÄ Ønc-ambn AhnsS Ac-t§-dm-dp-m-bn-cp¶ kmbmÓ kZ-Êp-IÄ, A£-cmÀ-°-¯nÂ, GsXmcp hnZz kZ-Ên-s\bpw shÃp¶ hnÚm-\-Zm-bI thZn-I-fm-bn-cp-¶p. A½bpw R§Ä \mep a¡fpw DÕm-l-¯n-a-Àt¸msS hmcm-´y-§-fn NmWIw sagpIn an\p-¡nb apä¯v, Nmcp-I-tk-c-bn aÀ½-Øm-\¯v AÑ\pw AXn\p Npäp-ambn ]e cq]-¯n-epw, `mh-¯nepw, Db-c-¯nepambn Itk-c, ÌqÄ ( acw, NqcÂ, NqSn \nÀ½n-Xw) F¶n-h-bnepw, Nne-t¸mÄ \ne¯v ]mb-bn-ep-ambn, R§fpw C-cn¡pw. N{I-hm-f-¯n\v Iogn-epÅ GXv hnj-bhpw AhnsS NÀ¨-hn-j-b-amIpw.F´n-t\mSpw Xpd-¶-Sn-¡p¶ AÑsâ kz`mh khn-ti-jX Nne kµÀ`-§-fn-se-¦nepw A½-bnepw R§Ä a¡-fn-epw, Atem-kc-ap-m-¡n-bn-«p-v. Hcp Znhkw kmbmÓ kZ-ÊpWpÀ¶-t¸mÄ, ASp¯ ho«nse _lp-am-\y\mb Hcp amÌÀ h¶v, kZ-Ên Øm\w ]nSn-¨p. "amsj, R§Ä kzÂ]w IpSpw-_-Imcyw ]d-bp-I-bm-Wv. Hcp ]¯p an\n«v Ignªp h¶m \¶m-bn-cp-¶p.' kv{]nwKv B£³' t]mse amjv Fgp-t¶-äp t]mbXv Ip«n-bmb Fs¶-t¸mepw A¼-c¸n-¨n-cp-¶p.
AÑsâ Cu kz`mh khn-ti-j-X, ]n¶oSv icn¡pw F\n-¡-\p-`-hs¸-«Xv Fsâ IeymW \nÝb thf-bn-em-Wv. aq¯-½-bpsS _Ôp-hmb Fsâ `À¯mhv tUm. {io\m-h-ksâ ]t¿m-fn-bn-ep-ff ho«nte¡v AÑ\pw ]cn-hm-c-§-fpw IeymWw XoÀ¨-s¸-Sp-¯Â Bh-iymÀ°w 77 HIvtSm-_dnse Hcp kmlm-Ó-¯n t]mbn-cp-¶p. As¶-\n¡v "Xnt¡mSn' tIm¡-\«v ]mt¡Pv Hm^o-knÂ, Pq\n-bÀ Irjn Hm^o-k-dmbn tPmen e`n¨ Adnhv In«n-bn-cp-¶p. kw`m-jW at[y Fsâ `À¯m-hnsâ Aѳ Ic-pWm-I-c³ sshZyÀ "R§Ä¡-hsf tPmen-¡-b-¡-W-sa-¶p \nÀ_-Ô-an-sÃ-¶p" bZr-Ñbm ]d-ªp t]mbn. "F¦n \ap¡v kwkmcw ChnsS \nÀ¯mw.' F¶p ]dªp sImv Aѳ Fgp-t¶-äp. R§Ä "ama³'F¶p kvt\l-]qÀÆw hnfn-¡p¶
A\p-P³ Icp-Wm-I-c³ , AXn-\n-S-bn AÑs\ H¶p tXmn. " \osb-´m Fs¶ tXmn-bXv? " AÑsâ FSp-¯-Sn¨ t]mep-ff D¨-¯n-ep-ff {]Xn-I-cWw amas\ hnhÀ®-ap-J-\m-¡n. AXn-\n-S-bn A¦-em-¸n-emb Fsâ `À¯m-hnsâ Aѳ At¿m Rm\n-§-s\-sbm-c-`n-{]mbw ]d-ªp-sh-t¶-bp-f-fq. AhÄ thW-sa-¦n \qdp hb-Êp-hsc Irjn hIp-¸n-s\ tkhn-¨p-sIm-f-fs«. F¶v k½-Xn-¨p-sImv ]¨-s¡mSn ImWn-¨-t¸mÄ am{X-amWv kam-[m-\-t¯msS Aѳ hop-an-cp-¶-Xv. AXmWv s\«qÀ ]n. F¶ Fsâ Aѳ! Xncn-s¨-¯nb ama³ h¶-bp-Ss\ Ft¶mSv ]d-ªXv, tamsf, FÃm-h-cp-sSbpw ap¶n G«-s\s¶ hj-fm¡n¡f-ªp F¶mWv. Fsâ `À¯mhv ]n¶o-sS-t¶mSv ]d-ªn-cp¶p. ""\nsâ Aѳ Bfp `b-¦-c-\m-W-tÃm, Rm\¶p t]Sn-¨p-t]mbn'' F¶v. Fsâ tPmen-bpsS hnebpw \nebpw a\-Ên-em-¡n-s¡m-Sp-¡m³, A¶p sNdn-sbmcp tjm¡v {Soävsaâv sImSp¯Xv \¶m-sb¶p ]n¡me-s¯-\n¡p tXm¶n-bn-«p-v.
asämcp kw`hw kp{]-kn² kmln-Xy-Im-c³ Xnt¡m-Sn-b³, Fsâ AÑsâ A\-´n-c-h³, Fgp-¯p-Im-c-\pw, F©n-\o-b-dp-amb kn.-hn. kp[o-{µ-t\mSv ]d-ª-XmWv. kp[o-t{µ-«³ Ah-cpsS ]pXp-Xmbn {]kn-²o-I-cn-¡p¶ Hcp ]pkvX-I-¯n\v Ah-Xm-cnI Fgp-Xm-\mbn Xnt¡m-Sn-bs\ kao-]n-¨p. kw`m-j-W-at[y Xm³ s\«qÀ. ]nbpsS A\-´-c-h-\m-sW¶p ]d-ªp. At¸m-gm-Wv Xm³ s\«q-cns\ BZy-ambn t\cn ImWm³ {ian¨ aplqÀ¯-s¯-¸än Xnt¡m-Sn-b hnh-cn-¨-Xv. 1964 hS-I-c-bn Fsâ A½ F.-hn.-eo-em-Zm-tam-Z-c³, F.-C.H Bbn {]hÀ¯n-¡p¶ Ime-L-«-¯n Ccn-§Â `P-\-aTw DÕ-h-t¯mS\p_-Ôn¨p \S-¯nb kmwkvIm-cnI kt½-f-\-¯n Xnt¡m-Sn-b-t\m-sSm¸w ]s¦-Sp-¡m³ A½bv¡pw Ah-kcw In«n-bn-cp-¶p. Ipi-em-t\z-j-W-¯n-\n-Sn-bn Aѳ hS-I-c-bnse ho«n-ep-s¶p a\-Ên-em-¡nb At±lw s\«qÀ. ]n. sb H¶p t\cnÂImWm\pw, ]cn-N-b-s¸-Sm\pw CXp Xs¶ \à aplqÀ¯-sa¶p IcpXn. ]cn-]m-Sn¡p tijw A½sb Cd¡m\mbn h¶ Imdn Xnt¡m-Sn-b\pw Ib-dn. "cma\neb'¯n\p ap¶n Imdp \n¶p. BZyw A½bpw ]n¶mse AÑs\ ImWm-\p-ff HuÕp-Iy-t¯msS Xnt¡m-Sn-b\pw Imdn \n¶n-d-§n. ]Sn-I-b-dm³ XpS§n. DSs\ AXm tIÄ¡p¶p AÑsâ KÀÖ\w. \n\¡v {]mb-amb HcmÄ ChnsS kpJ-an-ÃmsX InS-¡p-¶ps¶ hà HmÀ½bpaptm? GXv kwLm-SI kan-Xn-bmWv
C¡mcyw ]d-ªm t\cs¯ A\p-aXn Xcm-¯Xv? CXp tI«-am-{X-bn Xnt¡m-Sn-b s\«qÀ ]nsb ]cn-N-b-s¸-Sp-hm³ CXv A\p-tbm-Py-amb kµÀ`-a-söp a\-Ên-em-¡n, s]s«¶p XSn-X-¸n. hmÀ²Iy kl-P-amb Ah-i-X-I-fm A½-bp-sS Aѳ ho«n InS-¡p¶ Imcy-am-Wv, Aѳ ]d-ª-Xv. AÑs\ \¶mbn Adn.-bp¶ A½ Hc-£cw ]d-bmsX ASp-¡-f-bn t]mbn Hcp NqSv Nmb Xbm-dm¡n AÑ\p \ÂIn-b-t¸m-Ä, tZjyw ]¼-I-S¶p. £n{]-tIm-]n-bm-sW-¦nepw, \nanjw sImv aªp-cp-Ip-¶Xp t]mse AXn-Ãm-Xm-¡n, ]qÀÆm-[nIw kvt\l-hm-Õeyw sNmcn-bp-hm-\p-ff amk-a-cn-I-amb Ignhv AÑsâ am{Xw kz´-am-bn-cp-¶p.
Fsâ ImÀjnI tImfPv ]T\w Ignªp h¶ kµÀ`-¯n-emWv Fs¶ hnfn-s¨mcp Imcyw Aѳ Xnc-¡n-b-Xv. tamsf \n\¡v Btcm-sS-¦nepw kvt\ltam t{]atam Ds-¦n Ft¶mSv Xpd-¶p ]d-tªm-fq. Ign-bp-sa-¦n \½p-sS PmXn-bnepw Xmgv¶ hn`m-K-¯n (F¶p Icp-Xp¶) \n¶m-sW-¦nepw Gsd kt´m-j-am-sW¶pw, XXvImew A½-tbmSv ]d-tb-s¶pw kqNn-¸n¨p. an{i-hn-hmlw, an{i-t`m-P-\w CXymZn Imcy-§-sf-sbms¡ t{]mÕm-ln-¸n-¨ncp¶ AÑ\v kz´w Imcy-¯n AXv bmYm-À°y-am-¡m³ Ign-bm¯ hnjaw \mep-a-¡-fn Hcm-fnÂIqSn-sb-¦nepw k^-e-am-¡-Wsa¶ B{K-l-ap-m-bn-cp-¶p.
_lp-am-\y-\mb kn.-F¨v. IWm-c³ kw`m-jW at[y AÑ-t\mSv, s\«q-cn\v a¡sf¸än thh-em-Xn-s¸-tS Imcy-an-ÃtÃm F¶p ]d-ª-t¸m-gmWv Aѳ a¡-sf-¸än icn¡pw H¶p Btem-Nn-¨-sX¶v sXsÃmc`n-am-\-t¯msS ]d-ªn-cp-¶p. Fsâ \m«p-Im-c\pw {]kn² kmln-Xy-Im-c-\p-am-bn-cp¶ ]tc-X-\mb ]f-fn-¡c hn.]n ap-l-½-Zv bmZr-Ñn-I-ambn AÑs\¸än Ft¶mSv kwkm-cn-¡p-I-bp-m-bn. At±-l-¯nsâ sNdp-¸-Im-es¯ Gähpw henb B{K-l-am-bn-cp-¶p-hs{X s\«qÀ ]n. {]kw-Kn-¡p-¶Xp t]mse {]kw-Kn-¡m³ Ign-b-W-sa-¶-Xv. A¡m-e-s¯ms¡ s\«q-cnsâ {]kwKw tIÄ¡m³ At±lw Intem-ao-ä-dp-I-tfmfw k©-cn-¡m-dp-m-bn-cp-¶p t]mepw.
Aѳ R§sf kw_-Ôn¨n-S-t¯mfw Hc-]qÀÆ kµÀi-I-\m-bn-cp-¶p. F\n-s¡mcp s]³kn t]mepw Aѳ hm§n-¯¶ HmÀ½-bn-Ã. ]s£ GsX-¦nepw Øew ImW-W-sa¶ B{Klw {]I-Sn-¸n-¨mÂ, GXp-hn-t[-\bpw B B{Klw \nd-thän¯¶n-cn-¡pw. Ncn{Xþkmaq-ln-Iþ kmwkvIm-cnI ]Ým-¯e hÀ®-\-tbmsS.
hep-¸-s¨-dp¸ hyXym-k-an-ÃmsX, Fgp-¯-b-¡p¶ GsXm-cmÄ¡pw DSs\ adp-]Sn Ab-¡pI F¶ ioew Aѳ F¶pw Im¯p kq£n-¨n-cp-¶p. D]-Imc kvacW a\-Ên Fs¶¶pw \n[n-t]mse Im¯p kq£n-¨-ncp-¶ hyàn-Xz-am-bn-cp¶p AÑ-tâ-Xv. Fsâ sNdp-¸-Im-e¯v I®q-cn-te-¡p-ff bm{Xm-a-t[y- ap-g-¸n-e-§mSv sdbnÂth sKbväv Ign-ª-bp-Ss\ Imdp \nÀ¯n. tdmUn\p Ingt¡ hi-¯p-ff ]oSn-I-bn-en-cp¶v X¿Â the sN¿p¶ Hcp takv{Xnsb apS-§msX ImWm-dp-m-bn-cp-¶p. hÀj-§Ä¡p tijw C¶p I®q-cn-te-¡p-ff bm{Xm thf-bn apg-¸n-e-§mSv sdbnÂ-th tKäv IS-¡p-t¼mÄ Fsâ Nn´-IÄ AÑsâ HmÀ½-I-fn-te¡pw takvXn-cn-bn-te¡pw Nnd-I-Sn¨p ]d-¡m-dp-v.
AÑsâ ac-W-tijw A\p-tim-N\w tcJ-s¸-Sp-¯m³ ho«nse-¯nb AÑsâ _Ôp imc-tZ-S¯n hncÂNqn-bXv \·\ndª Zmtam-Z-tc-«sâ Hcp kz`mh khn-ti-j-X-bn-te-¡m-Wv. imc-tZ-S-¯n-bpsS ho«n \n¶v Hcp ¥mkv ]¨-sh-f-f-sa-¦nepw hm§n-¡p-Sn-¡msX Aѳ Ccn«n¸mew IS¶p t]mhm-dp-m-bn-cp-¶nà F¶ Imcyw.
amXr-þ-]p{X _Ôw hfsc Dujva-fhpw kvt\l-hm-bvt]-dn-b-Xp-am-bn-cp-¶p. Aѽ Xs¶ ]mIw sNbvXv NqtSmsS Ce-bn hnf-¼nb In¡n-g§v cpNn Bkz-Zn¨p sImv Nmcp Itkc-bn-en-cp¶ Aѳ Ign-¡p-t¼mÄ AXn-\-Sp¯v Xs¶ ]e-I-bn-«n-cp¶v AÑ-t\mSv Ipiew ]d-bp¶ AÑ-½sb ImWpt¼mÄ G«³ ]d-bp-am-bn-cp-¶p. ""AÑ-½-bp-sS hnNmcw AÑ-\n-t¸m-gpw hf-fn- \n-¡-dn«v \S-¡p¶ ]¿³km-sW¶v AÑ-½-bp-sS ZrV-\n-Ý-bhpw, At\z-j-W-_p-²nbpw, Adn-bm-\p-ff B{K-lhpw AÑ-\nepw \ng-en-¨p-Im-Wm-am-bn-cp-¶p. Aѳ Fw.-]n-bm-bn-cp-¶-t¸mÄ AÑ-½sb UÂln ImWn-¡m-³ sImpt]m-bn-cp¶p. A¶p UÂln-se-¯m³ Xoh-n-bn \mep Znhkw bm{X-sN-¿-W-am-bn-cp-¶p. B \mep Znh-k-hpw Aѽ I®nsâ t]mf AS-¨n-«n-Ã-s{X. ""At½ Ipd¨p t\c-sa-¦nepw Dd-§n-¡qsS,'' F¶v Aѳ Xnc-¡n-b-t¸mÄ adp-]-Sn CXm-bn-cp-¶p. ""Zmtam-Z-cm.. Dd-§p¶Xv ho«n t]mbn«pw Bhmw. Cu¡m-Wp¶ ImgvN-IÄ ]n¶o-sSmcn-¡epw ImWm\m-In-Ã-tÃm.'' AXmWv AÑsâ hoc-þ-[o-c-am-Xm-hvþ Xmep A½. a\p-jy\pw a®p-am-bp-ff _Ô-¯nsâ s]mcpÄ, ]nÂIm-e¯v Irjn Hm^o-k-dmb F¶n Ip«n-¡m-e¯v Xs¶ t_m[y-am-¡n-¯-¶ Fsâ {]nb-s¸« AÑ-½.
AÑ-s\¶ hShr£s¯¡pdn-t¨mÀ¡p-t¼mÄ C¶p-w F¶pw
Fsâ a\-Ên s\m¼-c-ap-WÀ¯p¶ cp Imcy-§ÄIqSn ]cm-aÀin-¨n-sÃ-¦n Fsâ hne-bn-cp-¯Â A]qÀ®-am-bn-cn-¡p-sa¶v tXm¶p-¶p. BZy-kw-`hw, Rm³ shf-fm-bWn ImÀjnI tImf-Pn Ah-km-\-hÀjw ]Tn-¡p¶ Ime¯v ss{Sa-ÌÀ s{_bv¡n\p ho«n h¶ kµÀ`-¯n-embncp-¶p. Rms\¯p¶-Xn\v IrXyw cp Znhkw ap¼m-Wv Xe-tÈ-cn-bnse Fsâ ho«n\p ap¶n¡qSn Xe-tÈ-cnþ {ioI-WvTm-]pcw "B\' _kv (K.S.R.T.C) BZy-ambn HmSn-¯p-S-§n-b-Xv. Rm³ ho«n-se-¯nb AtX ZnhkwXs¶ Fs¶bpw Iq«n _Ên Ibdn, {ioI-WvTm-]pcw hsc {]IrXn`wKn Bkz--Zn¨v bm{X sNbv-Xv, XncnsI B _Ên Xs¶ aS-§m-\p-ff bm{Xm-]-cn-]mSn Aѳ t\cs¯ a\-Ên Bkq-{XWw sNbvXXv, X¿m-dm¡n h¨n-cp-¶p. Rm³ Xncp-h-\-´-]p-c¯v \n¶pw ho«n F¯nb-bp-Ss\ Aѳ Hcp sNdnb Ip«n-bp-sS DÕm-l-¯n-aÀt¸msS Ft¶mSv A¡mcyw C§s\ DWÀ¯n-¨p. ""tamtf, {ioI-WvTm-]pcw F¶ at\m-l-c-amb {]tZ-i-t¯¡v Hcp ]pXnb {Sm³kvt]mÀ«v _kv CXp-hgn HmSn-¯p-S-§n-bn«pv. \o thKw Ipfns¨mcp-§q. ]Xn-s\m¶p aWn¡v \ap¡m _Ên Ib-dn, Xncn¨v AXn Xs¶ aS-§mw. Hcp i]n-¡-s¸« \nan-j-¯n AÑsâ B Ffnb B{Klw km[n-¨p-sIm-Sp-¡m³ F´psImtm Rm\¶v k¶-²X {]I-Sn-¸n-¨n-Ã. bm{Xm-£oWw sImv C\nbpw {ioI-WvTm-]pcw hsc _Ên bm{X sN¿m³ hs¿¶p ]dªp. Fsâ CwKnXw Adn-ª-bp-Ss\ "]q¯ncn' I¯n-¨Xp t]mse {]km-Z-hm-\m-bn-cp¶ Fsâ AÑsâ apJw s]s«¶v hmSn. DÕm-l-¯n-aÀ¸v sI«-S-§n. F¦nepw a\-Ênse hnjaw ]pd-¯-dn-bn-¡msX H¶pw kw`-hn-¡m¯ a«n Aѳ Xncnªp \S-¶p. icn. \nsâ bm{Xm £oWw amdn-bn«v ]ns¶mcp Znh-k-¯nem¡mw bm{X. ]n¶oSv Hcn-¡epw AÑsâ B{Klw km[n-¨p-sImSp¡m³ F\n¡v Ign-ªn-«n-Ã. C¶pw Xe-tÈcn `mK¯v \n¶v {ioI-WvTm-]pcw e£ywh¨v HmSp¶ 'B\' _kv Adn-bp-¶p-m-Iptam AXnsâ ]qÀÆ-Ime Ncn-{X-¯nse Cu -kva-cW F¶n-ep-m-¡p¶ Xo{h-amb Ipä-t_m-[-¯nsâ Bgw? asämcp kwKXn Fsâ IeymWw Ign-ªv GXm\pw amk-§Ä¡p tijw kw`-hn-¨-Xm-Wv. UÂln-bn \n¶v tImgn-t¡m-sS-¯nb Aѳ, R§Ä cp-t]cpw Cw]o-cn-b tlm«Â B³Uv temUvPn sN¶v AÑs\¡mWm³ B{Klw {]I-Sn-¸n-¨p. F¶pw AÑs\ Hcp amÀ¤ZÀin-bmbpw kl-bm-{Xn-I-\m-bpw Kpcphmbpw In-cp¶, hS-Icbnse R§-fpsS AbÂhm-kn-bmb, P\X \mcm-b-tW-«sâ kz´-
am-bn-cp¶p A¶v tlm«Â Cw]o-cn-bÂ. \mcm-b-tW-«³ kz´-ambn D]-tbm-Kn-¨n-cp¶ apdn-bn kz´w Xd-hm-«n-se¶ t]mse Aѳ R§sf kzoI-cn-¨n-cp¯n. Ipi-em-t\z-jWsams¡ Ign-ªv AÑ-s\s¶ Acn-In hnfn¨v ]Xps¡ Hcp Imcyw Xnc-¡n. ""\nsâ I¿n Ipd¨v Imiptm F\n¡v Xcm³. C¶v tImgn-t¡m-Sv BIm-i-hm-Wn-bn Fsâ-sbmcp sdt¡mÀUnwKv Dm-bn-cp-¶p. AhnsS \n¶v sN¡mWv In«n-b-Xv. \msf am{Xta amdm³ Ign-bp-f-fq. Fsâ I¿n Xosc Imin-Ã. XXv¡mew Bh-iy-s¸-«m \mcm-b-W³ Xcpw. F¶mepw \nsâ I¿n-ep-s-¦n \mcm-b-Ws\ _p²n-ap-«n-¡--tÃm.-A-sÃ-¦n \msf sN¡p amdn-b-Xn\p tijw bm{XXncn-¡mw.'' tI«-am-{X-bn Rms\sâ lm³Uv _mKv H¶p ]cXn. ]s£ AXn GXm\pw NnÃd t\m«p-Itf Dm-bn-cp-¶p-f-fq. Fsâ `À¯mhv Bh-iy-s¸-«m DSs\ F{X ]Ww thW-sa-¦nepw Xcp-am-bn-cp-¶p. ASp-¯nsS am{Xw IeymWw Ignª kml-N-cy-¯n `À¯m-hn-t\mSv Cu¡mcyw Rm³ kqNn-¸n-¨m Xsâ A½mbn A¸s\-s¡mv F´p [cn-¡pw F¶ anYym-`n-am\w Fs¶ AXn \n¶pw hne-¡n. Rm³ kpµ-c-am-sbmcp Ifhp ]d-ªp. ""AÑm ss]k-sb-Ãmw tjm¸nw-Kn\p sNe-hm-¡n-t¸m-bn.'' Aѳ B D¯cw F¶n \n¶ v{]Xo-£n-¨n-cpt¶m Bthm. kmc-anà \msf sN¡p amdn ChnsS \n¶pw Xe-tÈ-cn-bn-te¡v bm{X-Xn-cn-¡mw. XXv¡mew Xe-tÈ-cn-bnse C¶s¯ ]cn-]mSn d±m-¡mw. Hcp ]cn-`-h-hpw hm¡p-I-fntem `mh-¯ntem {]I-Sn-¸n-¡msX, Aѳ {]Xn-I-cn-¨p. {hWnXlrZ-b-bmbn Rm³ Cw]o-cn-b tlm«-ensâ ]Sn-bn-d-§n. C¶pw BIm-i-hm-Wn-bn Fs´-¦nepw sdt¡mÀUnw-Kn-\mbn Rm³ t]mIp-t¼mÄ, hÀj-§Ä¡p ap¼v BIm-i-hm-Wn-bpsS sN¡v AÑ\p \ÂInb kpc-£n-XXzt_m[-¯nsâ hym]vXnbpw, Fsâ a\-Ên-t\Â]n¨ apdn-hnsâ Bghpw, F{X ad-¡m³ {ian-¨mepw, Ae-b-Sn-¨p-bÀ¶p-h-cpw.
ac-W-¯n\¸pdw F´v? F\n-¡-dn-bn-Ã. ac-Wm-\-´cw Hcp Pohn-X-aptm? AXp-sa-\n-¡-dn-bn-Ã. Ime-¯nsâ AZr-iy-amb Xnc-Èo-e-¡-¸p-d¯v, I®n Cud-\-Wn-bn-¡p¶ HmÀ½-bmbn Fsâ lrZ-b-¯n Aѳ C¶pw kv]µn-¡p-¶p. AÑsâ aI-fmbn AÑ-t\m-sSm¸w Pohn-¨n«v F\n-¡n-\nbpw sImXn XoÀ¶n-«n-Ã. C\n-bp-samcp P·-ap-s-¦n F\n¡o at\m-lc Xoc¯vXs¶ P\n-¡-Ww. AÑ-tâbpw A½-bp-tSbpw {]nb-s¸« Cfb aI-fm-bn¯s¶.